Guide rail error compensation method and device, equipment, storage medium and product

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of precision control, and discloses a guide rail error compensation method, device and equipment, a storage medium and a product, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining a guide rail straightness error and a guide rail parallelism error, and obtaining a deflection curve error model according to the guide rail straightness error and the guide rail parallelism error, acquiring expected deformation of the guide rail according to the deflection curve error model, acquiring a compensation instruction by comparing the expected deformation of the guide rail with a preset deformation threshold value, generating a compensation numerical control code by comparing the compensation instruction with the original numerical control code, and performing error compensation on the guide rail according to the compensation numerical control code. According to the method, the guide rail straightness error and the guide rail parallelism error are accurately obtained, the deflection error model is established, then the guide rail expected deformation is obtained, the compensation instruction is generated, error compensation is conducted on the guide rail through the compensation numerical control code, and therefore the guide rail error compensation efficiency can be improved, and the guide rail precision and stability can be optimized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of precision control technology, and in particular to a guide rail error compensation method, device, equipment, storage medium and product. Background Art

[0002] The machine tool guide rail is the reference for the relative position and movement of the main components of the machine tool. Its accuracy directly affects the relative position relationship between the forming movements of the machine tool. The machine tool guide rail error generally affects the straightness error in the vertical plane during machining. The error in the vertical direction is mainly due to the deformation caused by uneven heating and the deformation caused by the gravity of the workbench. In the assembly process of precision machine tools, it is necessary to ensure the straightness of each guide rail and the parallelism between the two guide rails.

[0003] However, the existing single-axis assembly quality inspection uses micrometers and standard gauges. Although it can adjust the assembly accuracy, it is time-consuming and inefficient, becoming a significant problem in precision machine tool manufacturing. Summary of the invention

[0004] The main purpose of the present application is to provide a guide rail error compensation method, device, equipment, storage medium and product, aiming to solve the technical problem of low efficiency of existing guide rail error compensation means.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present application proposes a guide rail error compensation method, the method comprising:

[0006] Obtaining a guide rail straightness error and a guide rail parallelism error, and obtaining a deflection curve error model according to the guide rail straightness error and the guide rail parallelism error;

[0007] Obtaining an expected deformation amount of the guide rail according to the deflection curve error model, and obtaining a compensation instruction by comparing the expected deformation amount of the guide rail with a preset deformation threshold;

[0008] A compensation numerical control code is generated by comparing the compensation instruction with the original numerical control code, and error compensation is performed on the guide rail according to the compensation numerical control code.

[0009] In one embodiment, the step of obtaining the guide rail straightness error and the guide rail parallelism error, and obtaining the deflection curve error model according to the guide rail straightness error and the guide rail parallelism error includes:

[0010] Use laser interferometer to obtain guide rail straightness error and guide rail parallelism error;

[0011] Converting the guide rail into a simply supported beam model, and dividing the simply supported beam model into a plurality of microelements;

[0012] Acquire a microelement geometric relationship, and obtain a microelement bending deformation equation based on the guide rail temperature and the microelement geometric relationship;

[0013] According to the simply supported beam bending performance parameters and the microelement bending deformation equation, a preset deflection curve error model is established;

[0014] The guide rail straightness error and the guide rail parallelism error are input into the preset deflection curve error model to obtain the deflection curve error model.

[0015] In one embodiment, the step of obtaining the guide rail straightness error and the guide rail parallelism error by using a laser interferometer comprises:

[0016] Using the first guide rail as a reference, a laser head of a laser interferometer is used to emit a laser beam;

[0017] The laser beam is emitted by the emitting mirror of the second guide rail and then returns to the laser interferometer to obtain an interference signal;

[0018] Calculating the straightness error of the second guide rail according to the phase change of the interference signal;

[0019] Taking the second guide rail as a reference, obtaining the straightness error of the first guide rail through the laser head and the transmitting mirror, and obtaining the straightness error of the guide rail by combining the straightness error of the first guide rail and the straightness error of the second guide rail;

[0020] The guide rail parallelism error is obtained according to the first guide rail straightness error and the pentaprism.

[0021] In one embodiment, the step of obtaining the guide rail parallelism error according to the first guide rail straightness error and the pentaprism comprises:

[0022] According to the straightness error of the first guide rail and a preset straightness threshold, the straightness of the first guide rail is adjusted to obtain an adjusted first guide rail;

[0023] Taking the adjusted first guide rail as a reference, converting the laser beam to the second guide rail through a pentaprism;

[0024] The position deviation of the adjusted first guide rail and the second guide rail is measured based on the laser beam, and the position deviation is used as a guide rail parallelism error.

[0025] In one embodiment, the step of generating a compensation numerical control code by comparing the compensation instruction with the original numerical control code, and performing error compensation on the guide rail according to the compensation numerical control code comprises:

[0026] Comparing the compensation instruction with the original numerical control code in the computer numerical control system to obtain a comparison result;

[0027] Based on the comparison result, obtaining a compensated numerical control code by adjusting the original numerical control code;

[0028] By using the static measurement software of the laser interferometer, the guide rail straightness error and the guide rail parallelism error are analyzed to obtain a guide rail straightness error analysis curve and a guide rail parallelism error analysis curve;

[0029] According to the guide rail straightness error analysis curve and the guide rail parallelism error analysis curve, identifying the straightness error point and the parallelism error error point;

[0030] The compensation numerical control code is input into the computer numerical control system, and the guide rail error compensation is performed in combination with the straightness excess point position and the parallelism excess point position.

[0031] In one embodiment, the step of obtaining the expected deformation of the guide rail according to the deflection curve error model and obtaining the compensation instruction by comparing the expected deformation of the guide rail with a preset deformation threshold comprises:

[0032] Obtaining the expected deformation of the guide rail according to the deflection curve error model;

[0033] Obtaining a preset deformation threshold through a reinforcement learning algorithm, and comparing the expected deformation of the guide rail with the preset deformation threshold to obtain a deformation evaluation result;

[0034] When the deformation evaluation result indicates that the expected deformation amount exceeds the preset deformation threshold, a compensation instruction is obtained based on the deformation evaluation result.

[0035] In addition, to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application also proposes a guide rail error compensation device, the guide rail error compensation device comprising:

[0036] A model building module, used to obtain a guide rail straightness error and a guide rail parallelism error, and obtain a deflection curve error model according to the guide rail straightness error and the guide rail parallelism error;

[0037] An instruction acquisition module, used for acquiring an expected deformation amount of the guide rail according to the deflection curve error model, and acquiring a compensation instruction by comparing the expected deformation amount of the guide rail with a preset deformation threshold;

[0038] The error compensation module is used to generate a compensated numerical control code by comparing the compensation instruction with the original numerical control code, and perform error compensation on the guide rail according to the compensated numerical control code.

[0039] In addition, to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application also proposes a guide rail error compensation device, which includes: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, and the computer program is configured to implement the steps of the guide rail error compensation method described above.

[0040] In addition, to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application also proposes a storage medium, which is a computer-readable storage medium, and a computer program is stored on the storage medium. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the guide rail error compensation method described above are implemented.

[0041] In addition, to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application also provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the guide rail error compensation method described above are implemented.

[0042] The technical solution proposed in the present application obtains the guide rail straightness error and the guide rail parallelism error, and obtains the deflection curve error model based on the guide rail straightness error and the guide rail parallelism error, obtains the expected deformation of the guide rail based on the deflection curve error model, obtains the compensation instruction by comparing the expected deformation of the guide rail with the preset deformation threshold, generates the compensation NC code by comparing the compensation instruction and the original NC code, and compensates the guide rail for error according to the compensation NC code. The present application accurately obtains the guide rail straightness error and the guide rail parallelism error, establishes the deflection curve error model, and then obtains the expected deformation of the guide rail, generates the compensation instruction, and compensates the guide rail for error through the compensation NC code, thereby improving the guide rail error compensation efficiency and optimizing the guide rail accuracy and stability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present application.

[0044] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative labor.

[0045] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a flow chart provided for the first embodiment of the guide rail error compensation method of the present application;

[0046] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a flow chart provided for the second embodiment of the guide rail error compensation method of the present application;

[0047] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the bending of the guide rail in the vertical plane of this application;

[0048] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the guide rail straightness error measurement for this application;

[0049] Figure 5A schematic diagram of a flow chart provided for the third embodiment of the guide rail error compensation method of the present application;

[0050] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the module structure of the guide rail error compensation device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0051] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the device structure of the hardware operating environment involved in the guide rail error compensation method in the embodiment of the present application.

[0052] The purpose, features and advantages of this application will be further described in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0053] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the technical solutions of the present application and are not used to limit the present application.

[0054] In order to better understand the technical solution of the present application, a detailed description will be given below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0055] The accuracy of machine tool guide rails is crucial to the forming movement of machine tools, but the guide rails are easily affected by uneven heat and the gravity of the worktable, which will cause errors. Precision assembly requires ensuring the straightness and parallelism of the guide rails. However, the existing single-axis assembly quality inspection uses micrometers and standard gauges. Although it can adjust the assembly accuracy, it is time-consuming and inefficient, which has become a significant problem in precision machine tool manufacturing.

[0056] Therefore, in order to overcome the above-mentioned defects, the present application provides a solution by accurately obtaining the guide rail straightness error and the guide rail parallelism error, establishing a deflection curve error model, and then obtaining the expected deformation of the guide rail, generating compensation instructions, and performing error compensation on the guide rail through compensating CNC codes, thereby improving the guide rail error compensation efficiency and optimizing the guide rail accuracy and stability.

[0057] It should be noted that the execution subject of each embodiment of the present application may be a machine tool guide rail control device with data processing, network communication and program running functions, such as an electronic device capable of realizing the above functions, a guide rail error compensation device, etc. The following embodiments are described below taking the guide rail error compensation device as an example.

[0058] Based on this, the present application embodiment provides a guide rail error compensation method, referring to Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a flow chart of the first embodiment of the guide rail error compensation method of the present application.

[0059] In this embodiment, the guide rail error compensation method includes steps S10 to S30:

[0060] Step S10, obtaining the guide rail straightness error and the guide rail parallelism error, and obtaining a deflection curve error model according to the guide rail straightness error and the guide rail parallelism error.

[0061] It should be noted that machine tools are equipment mainly used to process various metal materials or non-metal materials to make parts with the required shape and precision. Machine tool guide rails are key components used to guide and carry moving parts in machine tools. They play two main roles: one is the guiding role, ensuring that the moving parts of the machine tool (such as the workbench, tool holder, etc.) can move accurately along the predetermined trajectory; the other is the bearing role, bearing the weight of the moving parts and workpieces as well as the cutting force, to ensure the stability of the machine tool during operation. In the assembly process of precision machine tools, ensuring that the guide rails have high-precision straightness and good parallelism between the two guide rails is the key to reducing guide rail errors.

[0062] In addition, it should be noted that the guide rail straightness error refers to the deviation between the actual trajectory of the guide rail in the vertical or horizontal plane and the ideal straight line; the guide rail parallelism error refers to the angle deviation between the two guide rails, that is, whether they remain parallel; the deflection curve error model is a mathematical model used to describe the deviation between the actual trajectory of the guide rail and the ideal trajectory under conditions such as force or temperature changes.

[0063] It can be understood that by obtaining the guide rail straightness error and the guide rail parallelism error, mathematical methods and software tools (such as MATLAB, SolidWorks, etc.) are used for data processing and modeling to obtain the deflection curve error model.

[0064] It should be noted that the guide rail straightness error and guide rail parallelism error are obtained by laser interferometer, which is limited in this embodiment. Laser interferometer is a precision instrument that uses the principle of laser interference for measurement, and may include devices such as an interferometer, a laser head, and a reflector. It projects a laser beam onto the object to be measured, receives the reflected laser beam, and calculates the displacement or shape change of the object to be measured using the principle of interference.

[0065] Step S20, obtaining an expected deformation amount of the guide rail according to the deflection curve error model, and obtaining a compensation instruction by comparing the expected deformation amount of the guide rail with a preset deformation threshold.

[0066] It should be understood that based on the established deflection curve error model, the expected deformation of the guide rail under specific conditions can be predicted. This process usually involves setting the parameters in the deflection curve error model (such as temperature, load, time, etc.) to actual working conditions, and then running the deflection curve error model to calculate the expected deformation of the guide rail.

[0067] Furthermore, the expected deformation of the guide rail is compared with a preset deformation threshold, where the preset deformation threshold is set based on factors such as the accuracy requirements of the machine tool, the tolerance requirements of the workpiece, and the performance of the guide rail material. It represents an acceptable deformation range. If this range is exceeded, a compensation instruction needs to be generated, and the guide rail can be compensated subsequently.

[0068] Step S30, generating a compensation numerical control code by comparing the compensation instruction with the original numerical control code, and performing error compensation on the guide rail according to the compensation numerical control code.

[0069] It should be noted that in the field of machine tool operation, a computer numerical control system (CNC) is a highly automated machine tool control system that uses a computer program to control the movement and operation of a machine tool. The guide rail error compensation device of the present application includes a computer numerical control system, and this embodiment imposes restrictions on this.

[0070] The NC code is a set of instructions used by the computer numerical control system to control the movement and operation of the machine tool, and is usually composed of a series of codes consisting of numbers and letters, each of which represents a specific machine tool action or processing parameter. It should be noted that the original NC code can be a default code preset by the computer numerical control system, or a NC code saved based on the last similar operation, or a NC code adjusted through iterative compensation, which is not limited in this embodiment.

[0071] It is understandable that compensation instructions usually include compensation amounts for specific guideway errors, which can be position adjustment, speed adjustment, or acceleration adjustment, etc. The original NC code includes all the instructions required for the machine tool to perform processing tasks, such as tool paths, cutting parameters, etc. Compare the compensation instructions with the original NC code to find out the parts that need to be adjusted, so as to add or modify the corresponding compensation instructions on the basis of the original NC code to generate compensated NC code.

[0072] The present embodiment obtains the guide rail straightness error and the guide rail parallelism error, and obtains a deflection curve error model based on the guide rail straightness error and the guide rail parallelism error, obtains the expected deformation of the guide rail based on the deflection curve error model, obtains the compensation instruction by comparing the expected deformation of the guide rail with a preset deformation threshold, generates a compensation CNC code by comparing the compensation instruction with the original CNC code, and performs error compensation on the guide rail according to the compensation CNC code, thereby improving the guide rail error compensation efficiency and optimizing the guide rail accuracy and stability.

[0073] Based on the first embodiment of the present application, in the second embodiment of the present application, the same or similar contents as those in the above-mentioned embodiment 1 can be referred to the above introduction, and will not be repeated in the following. Figure 2, the step S10 may include steps S101 to S105:

[0074] Step S101, using a laser interferometer to obtain the guide rail straightness error and the guide rail parallelism error.

[0075] Step S102: convert the guide rail into a simply supported beam model, and divide the simply supported beam model into a plurality of microelements.

[0076] It should be noted that the simply supported beam model is a common mechanical model, which assumes that both ends of the beam are hinged ends, that is, it can rotate around a fixed point but cannot have horizontal and vertical displacement. In this model, the beam mainly bears bending moment and shear force, and its deformation is mainly manifested as bending deformation.

[0077] It can be understood that the guide rail mainly plays the role of bearing and guiding moving parts in the machine tool, and its deformation mainly occurs in the plane perpendicular to its movement direction. When the guide rail is subjected to external force, its deformation is similar to the deformation of the simply supported beam under force. Therefore, the guide rail can be simplified into a simply supported beam model for mechanical analysis and calculation. The simplification process can include determining the geometric dimensions and material properties of the guide rail, such as length, width, thickness, elastic modulus, etc.; determining the boundary conditions and force conditions of the simply supported beam model according to the force conditions of the guide rail; establishing the corresponding relationship between the guide rail and the simply supported beam model, etc.

[0078] It should be understood that the purpose of dividing the simply supported beam model into multiple microelements is to more accurately analyze the deformation of the beam. Each microelement can be regarded as a small mechanical unit, and its deformation can be calculated by mechanical principles. By dividing the entire beam into multiple microelements, the deformation of the beam at different positions can be understood more accurately. In addition, the division of microelements can be carried out according to actual conditions, usually according to the geometric dimensions and force conditions of the beam. The beam can be divided into multiple microelements of equal length, or it can be divided into microelements of different lengths as needed.

[0079] Step S103, obtaining the micro-element geometric relationship, and obtaining the micro-element bending deformation equation based on the guide rail temperature and the micro-element geometric relationship.

[0080] It should be noted that the geometric relationship of an infinitesimal element includes its length, width, thickness, and connection relationship with other infinitesimal elements.

[0081] It is understandable that changes in the temperature of the guide rail will affect the thermal expansion coefficient of its material, thereby causing deformation of the guide rail. Therefore, when deriving the microelement bending deformation equation, the effect of the guide rail temperature on the microelement deformation needs to be considered.

[0082] Step S104, establishing a preset deflection curve error model according to the simply supported beam bending performance parameters and the microelement bending deformation equation.

[0083] It should be noted that the bending performance parameters of a simply supported beam may include bending moment, elastic modulus, moment of inertia, etc., which are key indicators for describing the bending deformation characteristics of a simply supported beam model under force.

[0084] Step S105 , inputting the guide rail straightness error and the guide rail parallelism error into the preset deflection curve error model to obtain the deflection curve error model.

[0085] For ease of understanding, refer to Figure 3 This invention is provided for illustration, but is not intended to limit the present application. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the bending of the guide rail in the vertical plane of the present application. In one example, the specific steps of obtaining the deflection curve error model may be:

[0086] 1. Obtain guide rail straightness error and guide rail parallelism error

[0087] Laser interferometer can be used to obtain guide rail straightness error and guide rail parallelism error. For the measurement of guide rail straightness error, laser interferometer emits a precisely calibrated laser beam. After a series of precise reflection and interference processes, the laser beam can capture the tiny lateral displacement between the optical path and the interferometer and reflector, so as to accurately calculate the straightness error of the guide rail relative to the laser optical path reference line; and the measurement of guide rail parallelism error is based on two sets of straightness measurements of parallel axes, and is obtained by calculating the difference in the inclinations of the two moving axes.

[0088] 2. Establish a preset deflection curve error model

[0089] It should be noted that the cross-sectional dimensions of machine tool guide rails are usually large, and the heat transfer inside the guide rails is slow. When the slider passes through the upper surface of the guide rail, it will generate heat, but this heat will not be quickly transferred to the lower surface, resulting in uneven heat. If the temperature of the top surface is T1, the temperature of the bottom surface is T2, and the ambient temperature is T0, the corresponding temperature changes are ΔT1=T1-T0, ΔT2=T2-T0, respectively. The temperature difference between the top and bottom surfaces of the guide rail will cause bending, such as Figure 3 shown.

[0090] Consider this curved guide rail as a simply supported beam model and take out a microelement of length dx from it. Figure 3 From the geometric relationship shown, we can see that:

[0091]

[0092] In the formula, m represents the thickness of the guide rail; Represents the relative rotation angle between the two sides of the microelement; α T ΔT1dx and α T ΔT2dx represents the length change of the top and bottom of the microelement; αT represents the linear expansion coefficient; ΔT1 and ΔT2 are the temperature changes of the top and bottom surfaces, and ΔT1>ΔT2.

[0093] Taking the derivative of formula (2) with respect to x and substituting it into formula (1), we can obtain:

[0094]

[0095] In the formula, “-” indicates the bending direction of the guide rail. If the guide rail bends upward, “+” is taken, and vice versa. When the guide rail is within the full length range, the left side of formula (3) is a certain value.

[0096] According to the winding curve equation of material mechanics, we can get:

[0097]

[0098] In the formula, M represents bending moment; E represents elastic modulus; I represents the moment of inertia of the material cross section about the neutral axis of bending; and EI represents bending stiffness.

[0099] According to the boundary conditions, when x=0, y=0; when x=1, y=0. The preset deflection error model of the guide rail is:

[0100]

[0101] Where l represents the transverse length of the simply supported beam model; α T represents the linear expansion coefficient; ΔT1 and ΔT2 are the temperature changes of the top and bottom surfaces; m represents the thickness of the guide rail.

[0102] 3. Obtain the deflection curve error model

[0103] The guide rail straightness error and guide rail parallelism error are input into a preset deflection curve error model. The preset deflection curve error model can calculate the deflection curve shape and its error range of the guide rail under actual working conditions, thereby obtaining a deflection curve error model for the guide rail to be compensated.

[0104] This embodiment uses a laser interferometer to obtain the guide rail straightness error and the guide rail parallelism error, converts the guide rail into a simply supported beam model, and divides the simply supported beam model into multiple infinitesimal elements, obtains the infinitesimal geometric relationship, and obtains the infinitesimal bending deformation equation based on the guide rail temperature and the infinitesimal geometric relationship. According to the simply supported beam bending performance parameters and the infinitesimal bending deformation equation, a preset deflection curve error model is established, and the guide rail straightness error and the guide rail parallelism error are input into the preset deflection curve error model to obtain the deflection curve error model, thereby improving the model accuracy.

[0105] In the second embodiment, step S101 may include:

[0106] Using the first guide rail as a reference, a laser head of a laser interferometer is used to emit a laser beam;

[0107] The laser beam is emitted by the emitting mirror of the second guide rail and then returns to the laser interferometer to obtain an interference signal;

[0108] Calculating the straightness error of the second guide rail according to the phase change of the interference signal;

[0109] Taking the second guide rail as a reference, obtaining the straightness error of the first guide rail through the laser head and the transmitting mirror, and obtaining the straightness error of the guide rail by combining the straightness error of the first guide rail and the straightness error of the second guide rail;

[0110] The guide rail parallelism error is obtained according to the first guide rail straightness error and the pentaprism.

[0111] For ease of understanding, refer to Figure 4 This invention is provided for illustration, but is not intended to limit the present application. Figure 4 The schematic diagram of the guide rail straightness error measurement for this application shows that the specific method of measuring the guide rail straightness error is to install the reflector on two parallel guide rails, install the laser head on the end point of the first guide rail, and use the first guide rail as a reference to detect the straightness of the second guide rail (after measuring the straightness of the first guide rail, install the laser head on the second guide rail, and use the second guide rail as a reference to detect the straightness of the first guide rail). When the reflector moves on the second guide rail, the orthogonal trigger box can monitor the grating position feedback signal and synchronously trigger the laser interferometer to collect and record the straightness reading of the current position.

[0112] It is understandable that in the process of obtaining the straightness error of the guide rail, the first guide rail is first set as the reference, and the laser head of the laser interferometer is used to emit a laser beam, which is directed to the transmitting mirror on the second guide rail, and the transmitting mirror reflects the laser beam back to the laser interferometer. In this process, the laser beam interferes with itself and generates an interference signal. This interference signal contains key information about the straightness error of the second guide rail. By monitoring the phase change of the interference signal, the straightness error of the second guide rail relative to the reference line of the laser beam can be calculated. Among them, the phase change reflects the slight deviation of the laser beam during the propagation process, and these deviations are the direct manifestation of the straightness error of the guide rail.

[0113] Next, the above process is repeated with the second guide rail as the reference, and the straightness error of the first guide rail is obtained through the laser head and the transmitting mirror. In order to obtain the straightness error of the entire guide rail, it is necessary to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the straightness error of the first guide rail and the straightness error of the second guide rail, which usually involves comparing, correcting and merging the two error data to obtain the overall straightness performance of the guide rail system, that is, the guide rail straightness error.

[0114] Furthermore, in order to accurately obtain the guide rail parallelism error, the step of obtaining the guide rail parallelism error based on the first guide rail straightness error and the pentaprism includes: adjusting the straightness of the first guide rail according to the first guide rail straightness error and a preset straightness threshold to obtain an adjusted first guide rail; using the adjusted first guide rail as a reference, converting the laser beam to the second guide rail through a pentaprism; measuring the position deviation between the adjusted first guide rail and the second guide rail based on the laser beam, and using the position deviation as the guide rail parallelism error.

[0115] It should be noted that the pentaprism is a five-sided prism made of optical glass with two parallel faces and five angular faces. This prism has a unique design and can reflect a beam of light 90 degrees without inverting or changing the handedness of the image. When measuring the parallelism error of the guide rail, the main function of the pentaprism is to convert the laser beam emitted by the laser interferometer from the first guide rail to the second guide rail, which can accurately change the propagation direction of the beam while maintaining the linearity and stability of the beam.

[0116] It should be understood that, based on the straightness error of the first guide rail and the preset straightness threshold, the straightness of the first guide rail is first adjusted to ensure that the first guide rail has sufficient accuracy and stability during the measurement process as a reference for subsequent measurements. Through the adjustment, the straightness error of the adjusted first guide rail is reduced to within the preset threshold.

[0117] Next, taking the adjusted first guide rail as a reference, the laser beam of the laser interferometer is converted (or redirected) from the first guide rail to the second guide rail through the optical properties of the pentaprism, and the position deviation between the adjusted first guide rail and the second guide rail is measured based on the propagation path of the laser beam. This position deviation reflects the difference in parallelism between the two guide rails, which is used as the parallelism error of the guide rails.

[0118] In this embodiment, the laser head of the laser interferometer is used to emit a laser beam by taking the first guide rail as a reference. The laser beam is emitted by the transmitting mirror of the second guide rail and then returns to the laser interferometer to obtain an interference signal. The straightness error of the second guide rail is calculated according to the phase change of the interference signal. The straightness error of the first guide rail is obtained by the laser head and the transmitting mirror with the second guide rail as a reference, and the guide rail straightness error is obtained by combining the first guide rail straightness error and the second guide rail straightness error. The guide rail parallelism error is obtained based on the first guide rail straightness error and the pentaprism, thereby making the measurement method more operational and the measurement data more accurate.

[0119] Based on the first embodiment of the present application, in the third embodiment of the present application, the same or similar contents as those in the above-mentioned embodiment 1 can be referred to the above introduction, and will not be repeated in the following. Figure 5 , the step S30 may include steps S301 to S305:

[0120] Step S301, comparing the compensation instruction with the original numerical control code in the computer numerical control system to obtain a comparison result.

[0121] It can be understood that the process of comparing the compensation instruction with the original numerical control code in the computer numerical control system may include instruction format comparison, function comparison, and execution effect comparison.

[0122] Step S302: Based on the comparison result, a compensated NC code is obtained by adjusting the original NC code.

[0123] Step S303, analyzing the guide rail straightness error and the guide rail parallelism error through the static measurement software of the laser interferometer to obtain a guide rail straightness error analysis curve and a guide rail parallelism error analysis curve.

[0124] It can be understood that by using the static measurement software of the laser interferometer to measure and analyze the guide rail straightness error and parallelism error, the software will generate a guide rail straightness error analysis curve and a guide rail parallelism error analysis curve. These curves intuitively show the errors of the guide rail in straightness and parallelism.

[0125] Step S304, identifying straightness out-of-tolerance points and parallelism out-of-tolerance points according to the guide rail straightness error analysis curve and the guide rail parallelism error analysis curve.

[0126] It should be noted that at a certain position of a guide rail or other mechanical component, its straightness, parallelism, perpendicularity or other related dimensional parameters exceed the predetermined tolerance range, resulting in a decrease in processing accuracy or failure to meet design requirements. These out-of-range points are usually called out-of-tolerance points.

[0127] In addition, it should be noted that before measurement, the straightness and parallelism running program is set on the static measurement software of the laser interferometer. After the measurement, the analysis curve will be automatically generated to obtain the running trajectory of the guide rail straightness and guide rail parallelism, and then the out-of-tolerance points in straightness and parallelism can be compensated in a targeted manner.

[0128] Step S305, inputting the compensation numerical control code into the computer numerical control system, and performing error compensation on the guide rail in combination with the straightness deviation point and the parallelism deviation point.

[0129] It is understandable that the compensation NC code is input into the computer numerical control system through an appropriate interface (such as USB, network interface, etc.), and an appropriate compensation mode is selected in the numerical control system, such as software compensation, hardware compensation or compound compensation, etc. And according to the straightness deviation point and parallelism deviation point, the corresponding compensation parameters are set, and these parameters may include compensation amount, compensation direction, compensation range, etc. Start the compensation program and monitor the compensation effect. If the compensation effect is not ideal, adjust the compensation parameters according to the real-time monitoring results, and repeat the compensation program until a satisfactory compensation effect is achieved.

[0130] This embodiment obtains a comparison result by comparing the compensation instruction with the original CNC code in the computer numerical control system, and based on the comparison result, obtains the compensated CNC code by adjusting the original CNC code, analyzes the guide rail straightness error and the guide rail parallelism error through the static measurement software of the laser interferometer, obtains the guide rail straightness error analysis curve and the guide rail parallelism error analysis curve, identifies the straightness error points and the parallelism error points according to the guide rail straightness error analysis curve and the guide rail parallelism error analysis curve, inputs the compensated CNC code into the computer numerical control system, and performs error compensation on the guide rail in combination with the straightness error points and the parallelism error points, so that the error compensation can be performed more accurately.

[0131] In the third embodiment, the step S20 may include:

[0132] Obtaining the expected deformation of the guide rail according to the deflection curve error model;

[0133] Obtaining a preset deformation threshold through a reinforcement learning algorithm, and comparing the expected deformation of the guide rail with the preset deformation threshold to obtain a deformation evaluation result;

[0134] When the deformation evaluation result indicates that the expected deformation amount exceeds the preset deformation threshold, a compensation instruction is obtained based on the deformation evaluation result.

[0135] It should be understood that the expected deformation of the guide rail can be obtained by inputting relevant parameters of the guide rail (such as material, geometric data, mechanical property data, etc.) and using the deflection curve error model for calculation.

[0136] It should be noted that reinforcement learning (RL) is a machine learning method that learns decision-making strategies through interaction with the environment. Its goal is to maximize long-term cumulative rewards through learning.

[0137] A reinforcement learning model is designed through a reinforcement learning algorithm. The model can learn how to set the preset deformation threshold to maximize the processing quality and efficiency based on historical data (such as guide rail deformation, machine performance, processing accuracy, etc.). The reinforcement learning model is trained until it can accurately set the deformation threshold under different conditions. Then, the preset deformation threshold is extracted from the trained model, which will be used to evaluate whether the deformation of the guide rail is within an acceptable range.

[0138] It is understandable that the expected guide rail deformation is numerically compared with the preset deformation threshold, and based on the comparison result, it is determined whether the deformation of the guide rail is within an acceptable range, and a deformation assessment result (such as qualified, unqualified or a specific degree of deformation) is generated. When the deformation assessment result shows that the expected guide rail deformation exceeds the preset deformation threshold, the compensation mechanism is triggered, that is, the required compensation amount is calculated based on the deformation assessment result, and a compensation instruction is generated. The compensation instruction will instruct the machine tool or processing equipment on how to adjust to compensate for the deformation of the guide rail.

[0139] For example, when the guide rail is deformed due to various factors (such as load, temperature change, wear, etc.), the position of the spindle relative to the worktable may change. The motion accuracy of the machine tool can be improved by adjusting the compensation instruction to compensate for the position of the spindle relative to the worktable.

[0140] This embodiment obtains the expected deformation of the guide rail according to the deflection curve error model, obtains the preset deformation threshold through the reinforcement learning algorithm, and compares the expected deformation of the guide rail with the preset deformation threshold to obtain a deformation evaluation result. When the deformation evaluation result is that the expected deformation exceeds the preset deformation threshold, a compensation instruction is obtained based on the deformation evaluation result, thereby optimizing the setting of the preset deformation threshold and improving the accuracy of the compensation instruction.

[0141] It should be noted that the above examples are only used to understand the present application and do not constitute a limitation on the guide rail error compensation method of the present application. More simple transformations based on this technical concept are all within the protection scope of the present application.

[0142] This application also provides a guide rail error compensation device, please refer to Figure 6 , the guide rail error compensation device comprises:

[0143] A model building module 10 is used to obtain a guide rail straightness error and a guide rail parallelism error, and obtain a deflection curve error model according to the guide rail straightness error and the guide rail parallelism error;

[0144] An instruction acquisition module 20, used for acquiring an expected deformation amount of the guide rail according to the deflection curve error model, and acquiring a compensation instruction by comparing the expected deformation amount of the guide rail with a preset deformation threshold;

[0145] The error compensation module 30 is used to generate a compensation numerical control code by comparing the compensation instruction with the original numerical control code, and perform error compensation on the guide rail according to the compensation numerical control code.

[0146] The guide rail error compensation device provided by the present application adopts the guide rail error compensation method in the above embodiment, which can solve the technical problem of low efficiency of existing guide rail error compensation means. Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the guide rail error compensation device provided by the present application are the same as the beneficial effects of the guide rail error compensation method provided by the above embodiment, and other technical features in the guide rail error compensation device are the same as the features disclosed in the above embodiment method, which will not be repeated here.

[0147] The present application provides a guide rail error compensation device, which includes: at least one processor; and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, and the instructions are executed by the at least one processor so that the at least one processor can execute the guide rail error compensation method in the above-mentioned embodiment one.

[0148] Reference below Figure 7 , which shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a guide rail error compensation device suitable for implementing the embodiment of the present application. The guide rail error compensation device in the embodiment of the present application may include but is not limited to mobile terminals such as mobile phones, laptop computers, digital broadcast receivers, PDAs (Personal Digital Assistants), PADs (Portable Application Desctions), PMPs (Portable Media Players), vehicle-mounted terminals (such as vehicle-mounted navigation terminals), etc., and fixed terminals such as digital TVs, desktop computers, etc. Figure 7 The guide rail error compensation device shown is merely an example and should not bring any limitation to the functions and scope of use of the embodiments of the present application.

[0149] like Figure 7As shown, the guide rail error compensation device may include a processing device 1001 (e.g., a central processing unit, a graphics processor, etc.), which can perform various appropriate actions and processes according to a program stored in a read-only memory (ROM: Read Only Memory) 1002 or a program loaded from a storage device 1003 to a random access memory (RAM: Random Access Memory) 1004. In RAM1004, various programs and data required for the operation of the guide rail error compensation device are also stored. The processing device 1001, ROM1002, and RAM1004 are connected to each other through a bus 1005. An input / output (I / O) interface 1006 is also connected to the bus. Generally, the following systems can be connected to the I / O interface 1006: an input device 1007 including, for example, a touch screen, a touch pad, a keyboard, a mouse, an image sensor, a microphone, an accelerometer, a gyroscope, etc.; an output device 1008 including, for example, a liquid crystal display (LCD: Liquid Crystal Display), a speaker, a vibrator, etc.; a storage device 1003 including, for example, a magnetic tape, a hard disk, etc.; and a communication device 1009. The communication device 1009 can allow the guide rail error compensation device to communicate with other devices wirelessly or by wire to exchange data. Although the figure shows a guide rail error compensation device with various systems, it should be understood that it is not required to implement or have all the systems shown. More or fewer systems can be implemented or provided alternatively.

[0150] In particular, according to the embodiments disclosed in the present application, the process described above with reference to the flowchart can be implemented as a computer software program. For example, the embodiments disclosed in the present application include a computer program product, which includes a computer program carried on a computer-readable medium, and the computer program includes a program code for executing the method shown in the flowchart. In such an embodiment, the computer program can be downloaded and installed from a network through a communication device, or installed from a storage device 1003, or installed from a ROM 1002. When the computer program is executed by the processing device 1001, the above-mentioned functions defined in the method of the embodiment disclosed in the present application are executed.

[0151] The guide rail error compensation device provided by the present application adopts the guide rail error compensation method in the above embodiment, which can solve the technical problem of low efficiency of existing guide rail error compensation means. Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the guide rail error compensation device provided by the present application are the same as the beneficial effects of the guide rail error compensation method provided by the above embodiment, and other technical features in the guide rail error compensation device are the same as the features disclosed in the method of the previous embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0152] It should be understood that the various parts disclosed in this application can be implemented by hardware, software, firmware or a combination thereof. In the description of the above embodiments, specific features, structures, materials or characteristics can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0153] The above is only a specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art who is familiar with the present technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, which should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

[0154] The present application provides a computer-readable storage medium having computer-readable program instructions (ie, computer programs) stored thereon, and the computer-readable program instructions are used to execute the guide rail error compensation method in the above-mentioned embodiment.

[0155] The computer-readable storage medium provided in the present application may be, for example, a USB flash drive, but is not limited to electrical, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor systems, systems or devices, or any combination of the above. More specific examples of computer-readable storage media may include, but are not limited to: an electrical connection with one or more wires, a portable computer disk, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the above. In this embodiment, the computer-readable storage medium may be any tangible medium containing or storing a program that can be used by or in combination with an instruction execution system, system or device. The program code contained on the computer-readable storage medium may be transmitted using any appropriate medium, including but not limited to: wires, optical cables, RF (Radio Frequency), etc., or any suitable combination of the above.

[0156] The computer-readable storage medium may be included in the guide rail error compensation device; or may exist independently without being assembled into the guide rail error compensation device.

[0157] The above-mentioned computer-readable storage medium carries one or more programs. When the above-mentioned one or more programs are executed by the guide rail error compensation device, the guide rail error compensation device: obtains the guide rail straightness error and the guide rail parallelism error, and obtains the deflection curve error model according to the guide rail straightness error and the guide rail parallelism error, obtains the expected deformation of the guide rail according to the deflection curve error model, obtains the compensation instruction by comparing the expected deformation of the guide rail with the preset deformation threshold, generates the compensation CNC code by comparing the compensation instruction and the original CNC code, and compensates the guide rail error according to the compensation CNC code.

[0158] Computer program code for performing the operations of the present application may be written in one or more programming languages ​​or a combination thereof, including object-oriented programming languages ​​such as Java, Smalltalk, C++, and conventional procedural programming languages ​​such as "C" or similar programming languages. The program code may be executed entirely on the user's computer, partially on the user's computer, as a separate software package, partially on the user's computer and partially on a remote computer, or entirely on a remote computer or server. In the case of a remote computer, the remote computer may be connected to the user's computer through any type of network, including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN), or may be connected to an external computer (e.g., via the Internet using an Internet service provider).

[0159] The flow chart and block diagram in the accompanying drawings illustrate the possible architecture, function and operation of the system, method and computer program product according to various embodiments of the present application. In this regard, each square box in the flow chart or block diagram can represent a module, a program segment or a part of a code, and the module, the program segment or a part of the code contains one or more executable instructions for realizing the specified logical function. It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions marked in the square box can also occur in a sequence different from that marked in the accompanying drawings. For example, two square boxes represented in succession can actually be executed substantially in parallel, and they can sometimes be executed in the opposite order, depending on the functions involved. It should also be noted that each square box in the block diagram and / or flow chart, and the combination of the square boxes in the block diagram and / or flow chart can be implemented with a dedicated hardware-based system that performs a specified function or operation, or can be implemented with a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.

[0160] The modules involved in the embodiments described in this application may be implemented by software or hardware, wherein the name of the module does not constitute a limitation on the unit itself in some cases.

[0161] The readable storage medium provided by the present application is a computer-readable storage medium, which stores computer-readable program instructions (i.e., computer programs) for executing the above-mentioned guide rail error compensation method, and can solve the technical problem of low efficiency of existing guide rail error compensation means. Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the computer-readable storage medium provided by the present application are the same as the beneficial effects of the guide rail error compensation method provided by the above-mentioned embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0162] The present application also provides a computer program product, comprising a computer program, which implements the steps of the guide rail error compensation method as described above when executed by a processor.

[0163] The computer program product provided by the present application can solve the technical problem of low efficiency of existing guide rail error compensation means. Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the computer program product provided by the present application are the same as the beneficial effects of the guide rail error compensation method provided by the above embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0164] The above descriptions are only some embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present application. All equivalent structural changes made using the contents of the present application specification and drawings under the technical concept of the present application, or directly / indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are included in the patent protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A guide rail error compensation method, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: Obtaining a guide rail straightness error and a guide rail parallelism error, and obtaining a deflection curve error model according to the guide rail straightness error and the guide rail parallelism error; Obtaining an expected deformation amount of the guide rail according to the deflection curve error model, and obtaining a compensation instruction by comparing the expected deformation amount of the guide rail with a preset deformation threshold; A compensation numerical control code is generated by comparing the compensation instruction with the original numerical control code, and the error compensation of the guide rail is performed according to the compensation numerical control code.

2. The guide rail error compensation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of obtaining the guide rail straightness error and the guide rail parallelism error, and obtaining the deflection curve error model according to the guide rail straightness error and the guide rail parallelism error comprises: Use laser interferometer to obtain guide rail straightness error and guide rail parallelism error; Converting the guide rail into a simply supported beam model, and dividing the simply supported beam model into a plurality of microelements; Acquire a microelement geometric relationship, and obtain a microelement bending deformation equation based on the guide rail temperature and the microelement geometric relationship; According to the simply supported beam bending performance parameters and the microelement bending deformation equation, a preset deflection curve error model is established; The guide rail straightness error and the guide rail parallelism error are input into the preset deflection curve error model to obtain the deflection curve error model.

3. The guide rail error compensation method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The step of obtaining the guide rail straightness error and the guide rail parallelism error by using a laser interferometer comprises: Using the first guide rail as a reference, a laser head of a laser interferometer is used to emit a laser beam; The laser beam is emitted by the emitting mirror of the second guide rail and then returns to the laser interferometer to obtain an interference signal; Calculating the straightness error of the second guide rail according to the phase change of the interference signal; Taking the second guide rail as a reference, obtaining the straightness error of the first guide rail through the laser head and the transmitting mirror, and obtaining the straightness error of the guide rail by combining the straightness error of the first guide rail and the straightness error of the second guide rail; The guide rail parallelism error is obtained according to the first guide rail straightness error and the pentaprism.

4. The guide rail error compensation method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The step of obtaining the guide rail parallelism error according to the first guide rail straightness error and the pentaprism comprises: According to the straightness error of the first guide rail and a preset straightness threshold, the straightness of the first guide rail is adjusted to obtain an adjusted first guide rail; Taking the adjusted first guide rail as a reference, converting the laser beam to the second guide rail through a pentaprism; The position deviation of the adjusted first guide rail and the second guide rail is measured based on the laser beam, and the position deviation is used as a guide rail parallelism error.

5. The guide rail error compensation method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The step of generating a compensation numerical control code by comparing the compensation instruction with the original numerical control code, and performing error compensation on the guide rail according to the compensation numerical control code comprises: Comparing the compensation instruction with the original numerical control code in the computer numerical control system to obtain a comparison result; Based on the comparison result, obtaining a compensated numerical control code by adjusting the original numerical control code; By using the static measurement software of the laser interferometer, the guide rail straightness error and the guide rail parallelism error are analyzed to obtain a guide rail straightness error analysis curve and a guide rail parallelism error analysis curve; According to the guide rail straightness error analysis curve and the guide rail parallelism error analysis curve, identifying the straightness error point and the parallelism error error point; The compensation numerical control code is input into the computer numerical control system, and the guide rail error compensation is performed in combination with the straightness excess point position and the parallelism excess point position.

6. The guide rail error compensation method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The step of obtaining the expected deformation of the guide rail according to the deflection curve error model and obtaining the compensation instruction by comparing the expected deformation of the guide rail with a preset deformation threshold comprises: Obtaining the expected deformation of the guide rail according to the deflection curve error model; Obtaining a preset deformation threshold through a reinforcement learning algorithm, and comparing the expected deformation of the guide rail with the preset deformation threshold to obtain a deformation evaluation result; When the deformation evaluation result indicates that the expected deformation amount exceeds the preset deformation threshold, a compensation instruction is obtained based on the deformation evaluation result.

7. A guide rail error compensation device, characterized in that: The guide rail error compensation device comprises: A model building module, used to obtain a guide rail straightness error and a guide rail parallelism error, and obtain a deflection curve error model according to the guide rail straightness error and the guide rail parallelism error; An instruction acquisition module, used for acquiring an expected deformation amount of the guide rail according to the deflection curve error model, and acquiring a compensation instruction by comparing the expected deformation amount of the guide rail with a preset deformation threshold; The error compensation module is used to generate a compensation numerical control code by comparing the compensation instruction with the original numerical control code, and perform error compensation on the guide rail according to the compensation numerical control code.

8. A guide rail error compensation device, characterized in that: The guide rail error compensation device includes: a memory, a processor, and a guide rail error compensation program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the guide rail error compensation program is executed by the processor, the guide rail error compensation method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is implemented.

9. A storage medium, characterized in that: The storage medium stores a guide rail error compensation program, and when the guide rail error compensation program is executed by the processor, the guide rail error compensation method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is implemented.

10. A computer program product, characterized in that The computer program product comprises a guide rail error compensation program, and when the guide rail error compensation program is executed by a processor, the guide rail error compensation method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is implemented.

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