Subway visual grounding software automatic testing device and method

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic test device and method for subway visual grounding software. The device comprises a power supply system real-time simulation unit, a power supply environment simulation unit and a test unit, wherein the power supply system real-time simulation unit is used for simulating a power supply environment to realize real-time simulation of a subway power supply system; each station corresponds to one IEC104 protocol simulation unit, and the IEC104 protocol simulation unit is responsible for simulating a communication link between the master station and each substation; the human-computer interaction interface monitoring and operating unit is used for monitoring the human-computer interface state of the to-be-tested software and verifying the interaction logic and response of the visual grounding software; the automatic test management unit is used for controlling a test process, performing data interaction with other units and managing an execution sequence and a trigger condition of a test; the tested visual grounding software serves as a master station end of the IEC104 protocol, receives manual remote control operation and changes the state of a power supply system. The system has the advantages of being flexible, light, easy to integrate, capable of being directly integrated with subway visual grounding software for use and rapidly connected into a debugging environment, site real equipment does not need to be deployed in the testing process, and the testing efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of monitoring and debugging of rail transit power supply systems, and in particular to an automatic testing device and method for subway visual grounding software. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid expansion of urban rail transit networks, the operational safety and power supply stability of subway systems are particularly important. To ensure the stability and safe operation of the power supply system, the subway power supply system needs to effectively control the grounding of electrical equipment during failures or maintenance. As an important tool for power supply system monitoring and dispatching, the subway visual grounding software helps operation and maintenance personnel quickly understand the status of grounding equipment during fault handling, maintenance and daily monitoring, and make reasonable operations and decisions by displaying the status information and working parameters of grounding equipment in real time.

[0003] In the subway power supply system, the visual grounding system involves multiple types of power supply and distribution equipment, including disconnectors, overhead lines, and visual grounding devices. The working status and control logic of these devices are complex, and the linkage mechanism, protection logic, and fault response requirements between different devices all have high technical requirements. In the existing debugging work, the functional debugging and verification of the visual grounding software mainly rely on the field testing of the on-site equipment. This debugging method has the following problems:

[0004] (1) Dependence on actual equipment: On-site debugging is highly dependent on the actual operating status of the equipment. Debugging work must usually be carried out within a specific maintenance or power outage window, which is time-constrained, costly, and poses certain risks to normal operations.

[0005] (2) Low debugging efficiency: Currently, debugging mainly relies on manual operations, which is cumbersome and difficult to ensure consistency. Especially in complex scenarios with multiple nodes and multiple devices, the debugging efficiency is low and human errors are prone to occur.

[0006] In order to improve the debugging efficiency, the use of simulation models has become an effective alternative. However, the existing simulation models are not applicable to the debugging of subway visual grounding software and are difficult to meet the debugging requirements, which is specifically reflected in the following aspects:

[0007] (1) These simulation models were initially designed to accurately simulate the physical performance of electrical equipment, involving large amounts of data and complex calculations. As a result, they were too large to be quickly built and used during the debugging process.

[0008] (2) Excessive physical details increase the debugging burden: Traditional simulation models contain a large number of physical details. Although these details are helpful for accurate device simulation, such accurate physical layer simulation may not be required in software debugging. As a result, the additional physical details increase the complexity and time cost of debugging.

[0009] (3) Inflexible and difficult to integrate: Such simulation models usually do not have flexible interfaces and are not easy to integrate directly with subway visualization grounding software. Due to the lack of unified data standards and interfaces, it is difficult to quickly access the debugging environment, resulting in low software debugging efficiency.

[0010] In summary, the subway visual grounding software urgently needs a lightweight, flexible and easy-to-integrate simulation model and a complete set of automated testing methods to improve debugging efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0011] The object of the present invention is to provide a subway visual grounding software automatic testing device and method, so as to solve the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art.

[0012] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0013] A subway visual grounding software automatic testing device, comprising:

[0014] Power supply system real-time simulation unit: Realizes real-time simulation of the subway power supply system by simulating the on-site power supply environment;

[0015] IEC104 protocol simulation unit: Each station corresponds to an IEC104 protocol simulation unit, which is responsible for simulating the communication link between the master station and each substation;

[0016] Human-machine interface monitoring and operation unit: monitors the human-machine interface status of the software under test, records changes in the interface, and performs necessary operations during the test to verify the interactive logic and response of the visual grounding software;

[0017] Automated test management unit: controls the entire test process, including the creation, execution, and result collection of test cases; interacts with other units for data, and manages the execution order and triggering conditions of tests;

[0018] The visual grounding software under test: As the master station of the IEC104 protocol, it displays the changes in signal status and the latest status on the human-computer interaction interface according to the real-time changes of the power supply system, receives manual remote control operations, and changes the status of the power supply system.

[0019] Preferably, the power supply system real-time simulation unit includes:

[0020] Basic simulation parameter module: defines and initializes each device, device attributes, and topological relationships between devices according to the needs of the power supply system;

[0021] Discrete state mechanism model based on state machine: describes the state change of discrete attributes;

[0022] Continuous state mechanism model based on differential equations: describes the dynamic changes of continuous properties;

[0023] Model interface module: provides a standardized interface for the simulation model, which is used to integrate with external systems and support users to obtain real-time status information of the equipment and dynamic intervention; the interface includes:

[0024] Full status interface: used to provide the status of all devices in the power supply system to the upper system or master station in the form of snapshots;

[0025] State intervention interface: used to receive intervention instructions from external systems or humans on power supply system equipment, and update the discrete or continuous state of the equipment in real time after execution to meet the temporary regulation needs of the system;

[0026] State change event interface: used to transmit device state change information to the upper system or master station in real time;

[0027] Model optimization module based on historical data: Verify and optimize the simulation model through historical data to improve the accuracy of the simulation model.

[0028] Preferably, in the discrete state mechanism model based on the state machine,

[0029] According to the topological relationship between devices in the power supply system and the definition of device status, a state machine is used to describe the state change of the device. The state transfer follows the preset state transfer matrix. For a device i with a discrete state number k, a state transfer matrix T of size k×k is defined. i , the element T in the matrix i,ab Indicates the condition for device i to transfer from state a to state b; each non-zero element T i,ab , all define specific transfer conditions, forming the corresponding state transfer logic;

[0030] In the continuous state mechanism model based on differential equations,

[0031] The continuous state x of device i i (y) is defined by the differential equation,

[0032]

[0033] Among them, h i It is a function that describes the continuous state change of the device and depends on the current state of the device x i (t) and parameter P; t is time.

[0034] Preferably, the model optimization module based on historical data includes:

[0035] State transfer matrix configuration verification and optimization: Suppose there is a set of discrete states {S1, S2, ..., Sn} represents different states of the device, and the state transition matrix T defines the transition rules between each state; the matrix T = [t ij ] ij Indicates state S i To S j The conversion conditions are obtained by historical data statistics. i To S j The actual switching frequency f ij , define an error matrix ΔT = [δ ij ], where δ ij =|t ij -f ij |; If δ ij If it is greater than the set error threshold ∈, then it is considered that t ij There is a configuration error that needs to be corrected; if the frequent switching paths (S i →S j ) is not included in T, then add it to the matrix T and set the corresponding conditions. The optimized matrix is ​​T′;

[0036] Parameter fitting verification and optimization: For the continuous state of the equipment, through differential equations Indicates that x(t) is the state variable, u(t) is the input variable, and p is the parameter vector; assuming that a series of observations are obtained through historical data Based on these data, the optimal parameter p is fitted * ; The fitting process is to construct an objective function that minimizes the error, optimize the objective function, and define the tolerance δ. Then update the parameters in the model to

[0037] Preferably, the IEC104 protocol simulation unit includes:

[0038] Data transmission module: realizes two-way data transmission with the master station, supports TCP / IP communication, and ensures real-time data transmission;

[0039] Bidirectional IEC104 protocol parsing module: parses IEC104 protocol messages and organizes the data to be sent into 104 protocol messages;

[0040] Event processing module: continuously monitors event notifications from the real-time simulation unit of the power supply system, captures events and performs corresponding processing;

[0041] Remote control command processing module: receives remote control commands issued by the master station, parses the command content, identifies the specific operations to be performed, calls the interface of the power supply system simulation unit, and implements the specific operations.

[0042] Preferably, the human-machine interaction interface monitoring and operation unit comprises:

[0043] Interface status monitoring module: monitors changes in the user interface by pre-installing points in the software to be tested or monitoring changes in interface elements, and sends detailed information on the interface response to the automated test management unit;

[0044] Interface operation module: operates the software user interface by simulating clicks on buttons or input box elements on the interface to complete the operation;

[0045] Instruction interface module: receives instructions sent by the automated test management unit and passes instructions and parameter information to the instruction operation module.

[0046] Preferably, the automated test management unit includes:

[0047] Test case management module: supports the creation, editing, storage and organization of test cases, so as to generate test cases for different scenarios according to test requirements;

[0048] Test task scheduling module: sorts and schedules test cases, specifies the order, trigger conditions and test intervals of test execution, and ensures that the test process complies with the predetermined operation logic;

[0049] Use case execution interface module: used to send remote control commands to the human-machine interface monitoring and operation unit to simulate user operation and click on the remote control command, and to send state change commands to the power supply system real-time simulation unit to simulate changes in external triggers of the power supply system;

[0050] Result collection and analysis module: receives records of interface status changes sent by the machine interface monitoring and operation unit, message records sent by the IEC104 protocol simulation unit, and status change records of the power supply system real-time simulation unit, analyzes the above records in time series and associates them with specific test cases, and fully records the changes of each unit that occur during the execution of the test case to determine whether the test case passes.

[0051] The present invention also aims to provide a method for automated testing of subway visual grounding software, which is implemented based on the device and comprises the following steps:

[0052] S1. Establish relevant models of real-time simulation units of power supply systems;

[0053] S2. Deploy multiple IEC104 protocol simulation units and visual grounding software that are consistent with the on-site layout plan by using virtual machines or docker containers, and ensure that the network configuration and software example configuration are consistent with the on-site layout plan; establish a multi-layer local area network to connect the nodes of each IEC104 protocol simulation unit, the nodes of the visual grounding software, and the power supply system real-time simulation unit;

[0054] S3. Establish test cases, clarify the input conditions, expected outputs and test steps of each test case; and after all test cases are established and all software environments are deployed, start executing test cases in sequence;

[0055] S4. Analyze the historical record data generated by the execution of the use case to obtain the test results of each use case, and obtain the overall test results based on the passing status of each use case. After the test is completed, configure the software to be tested or modify the software itself, release the version again, and re-execute the test cases until all use cases pass and meet the requirements for system launch.

[0056] Preferably, step S1 specifically includes the following contents:

[0057] S11. List of equipment related to the maintenance of the power supply system;

[0058] S12. Maintain a list of equipment attributes of the power supply system and assign initial values; equipment attributes include discrete attributes and continuous attributes;

[0059] S13. Import existing historical data according to device attributes in the format of <device, attribute, value, time>;

[0060] S14, configuring the topological relationship matrix between each device;

[0061] S15, configuring the optional states of the discrete attributes of each device and the transition conditions between states;

[0062] S16, configuring the calculation function of the continuous attribute of each device to provide a basis for the subsequent calculation of continuous data;

[0063] S17. Establish external interfaces of the real-time simulation unit of the power supply system, including a full state interface, a state intervention interface, and a state change event interface;

[0064] S18. Using the historical data of each attribute, call the model optimization module of the historical data to verify and optimize the simulation model.

[0065] Preferably, in step S3,

[0066] The input condition is the operation or instruction of the automated test management unit to other systems;

[0067] The expected output includes the state change record of the real-time simulation unit of the power supply system, the transmission record of the IEC104 protocol simulation unit, and the UI change or output of the measured visual grounding software; these outputs will be recorded in the database in time sequence;

[0068] The test steps include two categories:

[0069] (1) When the test management unit adjusts the power supply system status, the IEC104 protocol simulation unit should be able to receive the change event and report it to the visual grounding software, and the visual grounding software will have a corresponding status change in the user interaction interface;

[0070] (2) When the test management unit sends a remote control command to the visual grounding software, the visual grounding software sends a remote control command to the IEC104 protocol simulation unit. The remote control command processing module of the IEC104 protocol simulation unit processes the remote control command and directly modifies the corresponding device attribute status of the power supply system real-time simulation unit, causing the status of other devices to change, and then reporting the changes to the visual grounding software layer by layer in the user interaction interface.

[0071] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. The present invention describes the device state changes of discrete and continuous properties by using a discrete state mechanism model based on a state machine and a continuous state mechanism model based on a differential equation, thereby achieving accurate simulation of the device without the need for accurate physical layer simulation results, and can reduce the complexity and time cost of debugging. 2. The present invention verifies and optimizes the simulation model based on historical data to improve the accuracy of the simulation model results. 3. The device of the present invention is flexible and lightweight, easy to integrate, and can be directly integrated with the subway visual grounding software through the corresponding interface, quickly accessing the debugging environment, and there is no need to deploy real on-site equipment during the test process, thereby improving the test efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0072] Figure 1 is a structural diagram of an automated testing device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0073] Figure 2 It is a topological relationship diagram between devices in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0074] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific implementation methods described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0075] Embodiment 1

[0076] like Figure 1As shown, in this embodiment, a subway visual grounding software automatic testing device is provided, and the device includes the following five main parts:

[0077] 1. Power supply system real-time simulation unit

[0078] The power supply system real-time simulation model unit is designed to achieve real-time simulation of the subway power supply system by simulating the on-site power supply environment.

[0079] The power supply system real-time simulation unit consists of the following modules

[0080] 1.1. Basic simulation parameter module

[0081] The basic simulation parameter module is used to define and initialize each device, attribute, and topological relationship according to the needs of the power supply system.

[0082] (1) Discrete state vector s i (t): The discrete state of each device i consists of multiple discrete attributes, such as the state of the switch, s i (t) = [s i1 (t), s i2 (t),…,s ik (t)], where s ij (t) represents the jth discrete attribute of device i, and k is the number of discrete attributes of the device.

[0083] (2) Continuous state vector x i (t): The continuous state of each device i consists of multiple continuous attributes, such as the voltage of the overhead line, expressed as where x ij (t) represents the jth continuous attribute of device i, and m is the number of continuous attributes of the device.

[0084] (3) The basic parameter vector P includes the initial properties of all devices: Each p i Represents the properties of device i, including the initial values ​​of discrete and continuous properties:

[0085] (4) Connection topology between devices: The adjacency matrix A is a matrix used to represent the topological relationship between devices. For n devices in the system, the elements of the adjacency matrix are defined as follows:

[0086]

[0087] where a ij = 1 means there is a direct connection between device i and device j, a ij =0 means there is no direct connection between device i and device j.

[0088] (5) Historical data import: allows users to import historical operating data of the equipment (such as switch status records, voltage records, etc.) for model verification.

[0089] 1.2. Discrete state mechanism model based on state machine

[0090] This model is used to describe the state changes of discrete attributes.

[0091] (1) State transfer matrix: Based on the system topology and device state definition, the system uses a state machine to describe the state changes of the device. The state transfer follows the preset state transfer matrix T i :

[0092] Assuming that the number of discrete states of device i is k, then T i is a k×k matrix, each element T i，ab Indicates the condition for transitioning from state a to state b. Its general form is:

[0093]

[0094] Where T i，ab =1 means that state a can be transferred to state b if certain conditions are met; T i，ab =0 means that state a cannot be transferred to state b.

[0095] (2) State transition logic: For each non-zero element T i，ab , you can define specific transition conditions: for example, from state s ia To state s ib The transfer can be done using the condition represents, where: If satisfied Can include the device's own status and adjacent device status 邻接 , system parameters P or external intervention conditions. For example, the conditions can be defined as: s i (t) = s ia And s j (t) = s 邻接 , if the condition If true, the device state will change from s to ia Transfer to ib .

[0096] (3) State transition due to external intervention: External intervention via the input interface can also be reflected in the state transition matrix. The direct change can be regarded as an additional state (external input state), which is directly changed to a specific state without any conditional restrictions: This means that when the external input is triggered, the state changes directly to Not subject to other conditions.

[0097] 1.3 Continuous state mechanism model based on differential equations

[0098] This model is used to describe the dynamic changes of continuous attributes.

[0099] The continuous state x of device i i (t) is defined by the differential equation:

[0100]

[0101] where h i It is a function that describes the continuous state change of the device and depends on the current state of the device x i (t) and parameter P.

[0102] 1.4 Model interface module

[0103] The model interface module provides a standardized interface for the simulation model, which is used to integrate with external systems and support users to obtain real-time status information of the equipment and dynamic intervention. This module includes the following interfaces:

[0104] (1) Full status interface: Provides a full status interface for the power supply system, used to respond to the IEC104 protocol full call command. This interface can provide a status snapshot of all nodes within a specified period.

[0105] The system outputs the overall state O(t), which includes a combination of discrete and continuous states: O(t) = (S(t), X(t)) where S(t) = [s1(t), s2(t), …, s n (t)] represents the discrete state vector, X(t) = [x1(t), x2(t), …, x n (t)] represents the continuous state vector.

[0106] (2) Status Intervention Interface: Provides a user-programmable interface for manual or system intervention in the device status. This interface supports manual control of the device status (such as the on / off operation of the isolation switch) and input of test tool signals.

[0107] (3) State change event interface: Define the state change event interface to feed back device state changes to the upper system in real time.

[0108] 1.5. Model optimization module based on historical data

[0109] The simulation model can be verified and optimized through historical data to improve the accuracy of the simulation model.

[0110] (1) Verification and optimization of state transfer matrix configuration: Suppose there is a set of discrete states {S1, S2, …, S n} represents different states of the device, and the state transition matrix T defines the transition rules between each state. Matrix T = [t ij ] ij Indicates state S i To S j The conversion conditions are obtained by historical data statistics. i To S j The actual switching frequency f ij , define an error matrix ΔT = [δ ij ], where δ ij =|t ij -f ij |. If δ ij If it is greater than the set error threshold ∈, then it is considered that t ij There is a configuration error that needs to be corrected. If the frequent switching paths (S i →S j ) is not included in T, then add it to the matrix T and set the corresponding conditions. The optimized matrix is ​​T′.

[0111] (2) Parameter fitting verification and optimization: For the continuous state of the equipment, the differential equation can be used to Indicates that x(t) is the state variable, u(t) is the input variable, and p is the parameter vector. Assume that a series of observations are obtained through historical data The optimal parameter p can be fitted based on these data * . Fitting process: Construct an objective function that minimizes the error, such as the least squares error in is the predicted value of the model under parameter p, and p is solved by optimization * =argminJ(p). If (δ is the tolerance), then update the parameters in the model to

[0112] 2. IEC104 protocol simulation unit

[0113] Each station corresponds to an IEC104 protocol simulation unit, which is responsible for simulating the communication link between the master station and each substation and has the following functions:

[0114] Respond to the master station's general call: obtain the current power supply system status information from the power supply system simulation unit and report it to the master station.

[0115] Process event response: receive event notifications from the power supply system simulation unit, obtain event information, and send relevant reports to the master station.

[0116] Execute remote control instructions: respond to remote control commands issued by the master station, and intervene in and control the power supply system status by calling the interface of the power supply system simulation unit.

[0117] The unit consists of the following modules:

[0118] 2.1. Data transmission module: realizes two-way data transmission with the main station, supports TCP / IP communication, and ensures real-time data transmission.

[0119] 2.2. Bidirectional IEC104 protocol parsing module: parses IEC104 protocol messages and organizes the data to be sent into 104 protocol messages.

[0120] 2.3. Event processing module: continuously monitors event notifications from the real-time simulation unit of the power supply system, captures events and performs corresponding processing.

[0121] 2.4. Remote control command processing module: receives remote control commands issued by the master station, parses the command content, identifies the specific operations to be performed, calls the interface of the power supply system simulation unit, and implements specific operations, such as changing the equipment status and adjusting the grid parameters.

[0122] 3. Human-machine interface monitoring and operation unit

[0123] The human-machine interface monitoring and operation unit monitors the human-machine interface status of the software under test, records changes in the interface, and performs necessary operations during the test to verify the interactive logic and response of the visual grounding software.

[0124] The unit consists of the following modules:

[0125] 3.1. Interface status monitoring module: monitors changes in the user interface by pre-installing points in the software to be tested or monitoring changes in interface elements, and sends detailed information on the interface response to the automated test management unit.

[0126] 3.2. Interface operation module: Operate the user interface of the software by simulating clicks on buttons or input boxes on the interface to complete operations such as remote control.

[0127] 3.3. Command interface module: receives the command sent by the automated test management unit and passes the command and parameter information to the command operation module.

[0128] 4. Automated Test Management Unit

[0129] As the management core of the test process, it is responsible for controlling the entire test process, including the creation, execution and result collection of test cases. It interacts with other modules to manage the execution order and trigger conditions of the tests.

[0130] The unit consists of the following modules:

[0131] 4.1. Test case management module: supports the creation, editing, storage and organization of test cases so as to generate test cases for different scenarios according to test requirements.

[0132] 4.2. Test task scheduling module: sort and schedule test cases, specify the order of test execution, trigger conditions and test intervals, and ensure that the test process complies with the predetermined operation logic.

[0133] 4.3. Use case execution interface module: used to send remote control instructions to the human-machine interface monitoring and operation unit to simulate user operation and click on the remote control instructions, and to send state change instructions to the power supply system real-time simulation unit to simulate changes in external triggers of the power supply system.

[0134] 4.4. Result collection and analysis module: Receive the records of interface status changes sent by the machine interface monitoring and operation unit, the message records sent by the IEC104 protocol simulation unit, and the status change records of the power supply system real-time simulation unit, analyze the above records in time series and associate them with specific test cases, and fully record the changes of each unit that occur during the execution of the test case to determine whether the test case passes.

[0135] 5. Visual grounding software under test

[0136] As the master terminal of the IEC104 protocol, the function of the tested visual grounding software is to display the changes in signal status and the latest status on the human-computer interaction interface according to the real-time changes of the power supply system, receive manual remote control operations, and change the status of the power supply system.

[0137] The visual grounding software under test consists of the visual grounding operation terminal of the subway dispatching center (OCC) and the visual grounding operation terminal of the station. It can be used independently as a master station. The difference is that the station mainly manages the visual grounding device and related power supply system status of the station, while OCC needs to manage the visual grounding device and related power supply system status of the entire line. There are significant differences between the two in software configuration and equipment capacity, and they need to be tested separately.

[0138] Embodiment 2

[0139] In this embodiment, a method for automatic testing of subway visual grounding software is provided, and the method includes the following four main parts:

[0140] 1. Establish a real-time simulation unit model for the power supply system, including the following processes

[0141] 1.1. List of related equipment for maintaining the power supply system, including contact network equipment A, disconnector equipment B, visual grounding device C, and power supply equipment D.

[0142] 1.2. Maintain a list of device attributes and assign initial values, where

[0143] (1) Isolating switch device A contains the attribute switch status, which is a discrete attribute. The optional values ​​are on / off, and the default value is on.

[0144] (2) Visual grounding device C includes the attribute grounding status, and the optional value is grounded / disconnected. It is a discrete attribute, and the default value is grounded.

[0145] (3) Overhead contact equipment A includes the attribute Overhead contact energized state, which is a discrete attribute. The optional values ​​are energized / de-energized / grounded. The default value is de-energized.

[0146] (4) The contact network equipment A contains the contact network voltage attribute, which is a continuous attribute with a default value of 0 and a unit of V.

[0147] (5) The power supply device D contains the attribute power supply voltage, which is a continuous attribute with the unit of V and the default value of 1500V.

[0148] 1.3. Import existing historical data by device attributes, which contains the time series data of each attribute of each device in the format of <device, attribute, value, time>.

[0149] 1.4. Configure the topological relationship between each device and the connection relationship between each device. Figure 2 shown.

[0150] 1.5. Configure the optional states of each device's discrete attributes and the transition conditions between states, where:

[0151] (1) The switch state attribute of the isolating switch A can be changed from open to closed or from closed to open, both of which are changed by external intervention.

[0152] (2) Visualize the grounding status attributes of the grounding device, which can be changed from grounded to disconnected, or from disconnected to grounded, and both conversions are performed by external intervention.

[0153] (3) Whether the contact network of the contact network equipment A is energized or not. When the disconnector is in the off state, the state is automatically converted to energized. When the disconnector is in the on state, the state is automatically converted to de-energized. When the grounding state of the visual grounding device C is grounded, the energized state of the contact network of the contact network equipment A is automatically converted to grounded.

[0154] 1.6. Configure the calculation function of each device's continuous attribute to provide a basis for subsequent calculation of continuous data, where:

[0155] (1) Properties of power supply device D: Power supply voltage. It is assumed that the power supply can provide a stable power supply voltage, that is, it is considered to be a constant, expressed as U source .

[0156] (2) Properties of contact network equipment A The contact network voltage is related to the power supply voltage, the contact network energized state, and the real-time current, and can be expressed by a differential equation:

[0157]

[0158] Where a represents the current attenuation coefficient of the system, U source Represents the power supply voltage, R l ine It represents the line resistance of the system contact network, which is a constant. I represents the current passing through the contact network.

[0159] 1.7. Establish external interfaces of the real-time simulation unit of the power supply system: full state interface, state intervention interface, and state change event interface.

[0160] (1) Full status interface: The full status interface is used to provide the entire device status of the power supply system (including discrete status and continuous status) to the upper system or master station in the form of a snapshot. This interface is usually used to periodically report the current status of the entire system to meet the full call requirements in the IEC104 protocol.

[0161] Full state interface input: request trigger source, time stamp of request, to ensure that the state data corresponds to the request time.

[0162] Full state interface output: state snapshot data: contains real-time state data of all devices in the entire system, including discrete state vectors and continuous state vectors; timestamp: the time point corresponding to the state data.

[0163] (2) State intervention interface: The state intervention interface is used to receive intervention instructions from external systems or humans on power supply system equipment. After execution, the discrete or continuous state of the equipment is updated in real time to meet the temporary regulation needs of the system. This interface is mainly used by operators to manually control the state of the equipment, such as controlling the on / off state of the isolation switch or adjusting the voltage value in the system.

[0164] State intervention interface input: Intervention instruction: specifies the type of intervention to be performed, including the device's ID and expected state.

[0165] Status intervention interface output: Execution result: Contains execution feedback of the intervention operation

[0166] (3) Status change event interface: used to transmit device status change information to the upper system or master station in real time. When the device status changes due to external intervention or system operation, this interface sends the change event to the upper system to ensure that its monitoring of the device status is real-time and dynamic.

[0167] State change event interface input: State change data: Contains information about each state change, including device ID, old state, new state, reason for change, and timestamp.

[0168] State change event interface subscription: Subscribe to events in the external subsystem and define corresponding processors. When events occur, the external system can handle them in a timely manner.

[0169] 2. Deploy IEC104 protocol simulation unit and the measured visual grounding software according to the actual network topology on site

[0170] Build a simulation module that complies with the IEC104 communication protocol, simulate the communication between the master station and the subway visual grounding system, and realize real-time data interaction with the power supply system, including the following steps:

[0171] 2.1. Deploy multiple IEC104 protocol simulation units consistent with the on-site deployment plan by using virtual machines or docker containers, and ensure that the network configuration is consistent with the on-site deployment plan.

[0172] 2.2. Deploy multiple visual grounding software consistent with the on-site deployment plan by using virtual machines or docker containers, and ensure that the configuration of each software example is consistent with the on-site deployment plan.

[0173] 2.3. Build a multi-layer local area network to connect the nodes of each IEC104 protocol simulation unit, the nodes of the visual grounding software, and the power supply system real-time simulation unit.

[0174] 3. Create test cases and execute test cases

[0175] In order to fully verify the functions and performance of the visual grounding software, a detailed test case is designed based on its business requirements and expected operations, including the following steps:

[0176] 3.1. Clarify the input conditions, expected outputs and test steps of each test case. The input conditions are the operations or instructions of the automated test management unit to other systems. The expected outputs should include the state change records of the real-time simulation unit of the power supply system, the transmission records of the IEC104 protocol simulation unit, and the UI changes or outputs of the tested visual grounding software. These outputs will be recorded in the database in time sequence. The test steps of the typical test cases of the visual grounding system include two categories: First, when the test management unit adjusts the state of the power supply system, the IEC104 protocol simulation unit should be able to receive the change event and report it to the visual grounding software, and the visual grounding software will undergo corresponding state changes in the user interaction interface. Second, when the test management unit sends a remote control instruction to the visual grounding software, the visual grounding software sends the remote control instruction to the IEC104 protocol simulation unit. The remote control instruction processing module of the IEC104 protocol simulation unit processes the remote control instruction and directly modifies the corresponding device attribute state of the real-time simulation unit of the power supply system, causing the state changes of other devices and then reporting the changes to the visual grounding software layer by layer in the user interaction interface.

[0177] 3.2. Once all test cases have been established and all software environments have been deployed, you can start executing test cases in sequence.

[0178] 4. Analyze the test results and iterate the test after modifying the software

[0179] 4.1. After executing the test case, analyze the generated historical record data to obtain the test results of each case. The overall test result can be obtained based on the passing status of each case.

[0180] 4.2. When the test is completed, the developer or implementer configures the software to be tested or modifies the software itself. After the version is released again, the test cases can be re-executed until all cases pass and meet the requirements for system launch. In this process, there is no need to deploy real equipment on site, which greatly improves the test efficiency.

[0181] By adopting the above technical solution disclosed in the present invention, the following beneficial effects are obtained:

[0182] The present invention provides an automated testing device and method for subway visual grounding software. The present invention describes the device state changes of discrete and continuous properties by using a discrete state mechanism model based on a state machine and a continuous state mechanism model based on a differential equation, thereby achieving accurate simulation of the device without the need for accurate physical layer simulation results, and can reduce the complexity and time cost of debugging. The present invention verifies and optimizes the simulation model based on historical data to improve the accuracy of the simulation model results. The device of the present invention is flexible and lightweight, easy to integrate, and can be directly integrated with the subway visual grounding software through a corresponding interface, quickly accessing the debugging environment, and no real on-site equipment needs to be deployed during the test, thereby improving the test efficiency.

[0183] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be considered as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A subway visual grounding software automatic testing device, characterized by: include, Power supply system real-time simulation unit: Realizes real-time simulation of the subway power supply system by simulating the on-site power supply environment; IEC104 protocol simulation unit: Each station corresponds to an IEC104 protocol simulation unit, which is responsible for simulating the communication link between the master station and each substation; Human-machine interface monitoring and operation unit: monitors the human-machine interface status of the software under test, records changes in the interface, and performs necessary operations during the test to verify the interactive logic and response of the visual grounding software; Automated test management unit: controls the entire testing process, including test case creation, execution, and result collection; Interact with other units to manage the execution order and trigger conditions of tests; The visual grounding software under test: As the master station of the IEC104 protocol, it displays the changes in signal status and the latest status on the human-computer interaction interface according to the real-time changes of the power supply system, receives manual remote control operations, and changes the status of the power supply system.

2. The subway visual grounding software automatic testing device according to claim 1 is characterized by: The power supply system real-time simulation unit comprises: Basic simulation parameter module: defines and initializes each device, device attributes, and topological relationships between devices according to the needs of the power supply system; Discrete state mechanism model based on state machine: describes the state change of discrete attributes; Continuous state mechanism model based on differential equations: describes the dynamic changes of continuous properties; Model interface module: provides a standardized interface for the simulation model, which is used for integration with external systems and supports users to obtain real-time status information of the equipment and dynamic intervention; the interface includes: Full status interface: used to provide the status of all devices in the power supply system to the upper system or master station in the form of snapshots; State intervention interface: used to receive intervention instructions from external systems or humans on power supply system equipment, and update the discrete or continuous state of the equipment in real time after execution to meet the temporary regulation needs of the system; State change event interface: used to transmit device state change information to the upper system or master station in real time; Model optimization module based on historical data: Verify and optimize the simulation model through historical data to improve the accuracy of the simulation model.

3. The subway visual grounding software automatic testing device according to claim 1 is characterized by: In the state machine-based discrete state mechanism model, According to the topological relationship between devices in the power supply system and the definition of device status, a state machine is used to describe the state change of the device. The state transition follows the preset state transition matrix. For a device i with a number of discrete states k, a state transition matrix T of size k×k is defined. i , the element T in the matrix i,ab Indicates the condition for device i to transfer from state a to state b; each non-zero element T i,ab , all define specific transfer conditions, forming the corresponding state transfer logic; In the continuous state mechanism model based on differential equations, The continuous state x of device i i (t) is defined by the differential equation, Among them, h i It is a function that describes the continuous state change of the device and depends on the current state of the device x i (t) and parameter P; t is time.

4. The subway visual grounding software automatic testing device according to claim 3 is characterized by: The model optimization module based on historical data includes: State transfer matrix configuration verification and optimization: Suppose there is a set of discrete states {S1, S2, ..., S n } represents different states of the device, and the state transition matrix T defines the transition rules between each state; the matrix T = [t ij ] ij Indicates state S i To S j The conversion conditions are obtained by historical data statistics. i To S j The actual switching frequency f ij , define an error matrix ΔT = [δ ij ], where δ ij =|t ij -f ij |; If δ ij If it is greater than the set error threshold ∈, then it is considered that t ij There is a configuration error that needs to be corrected; if the frequent switching paths (S i →S j ) is not included in T, then add it to the matrix T and set the corresponding conditions. The optimized matrix is ​​T′; Parameter fitting verification and optimization: For the continuous state of the equipment, through differential equations Indicates that x(t) is the state variable, u(t) is the input variable, and p is the parameter vector; assuming that a series of observations are obtained through historical data Based on these data, the optimal parameter p is fitted * ; The fitting process is to construct an objective function that minimizes the error, optimize the objective function, and define the tolerance δ. Then update the parameters in the model to 5. The subway visual grounding software automatic testing device according to claim 1 is characterized by: The IEC104 protocol simulation unit includes: Data transmission module: realizes two-way data transmission with the master station, supports TCP / IP communication, and ensures real-time data transmission; Bidirectional IEC104 protocol parsing module: parses IEC104 protocol messages and organizes the data to be sent into 104 protocol messages; Event processing module: continuously monitors event notifications from the real-time simulation unit of the power supply system, captures events and performs corresponding processing; Remote control command processing module: receives remote control commands issued by the master station, parses the command content, identifies the specific operations to be performed, calls the interface of the power supply system simulation unit, and implements the specific operations.

6. The subway visual grounding software automatic testing device according to claim 1 is characterized by: The human-machine interaction interface monitoring and operation unit comprises: Interface status monitoring module: monitors changes in the user interface by pre-installing points in the software to be tested or monitoring changes in interface elements, and sends detailed information on the interface response to the automated test management unit; Interface operation module: operates the software user interface by simulating clicks on buttons or input box elements on the interface to complete the operation; Instruction interface module: receives instructions sent by the automated test management unit and passes instructions and parameter information to the instruction operation module.

7. The subway visual grounding software automatic testing device according to claim 1 is characterized by: The automated test management unit includes: Test case management module: supports the creation, editing, storage and organization of test cases, so as to generate test cases for different scenarios according to test requirements; Test task scheduling module: sorts and schedules test cases, specifies the order, trigger conditions and test intervals of test execution, and ensures that the test process complies with the predetermined operation logic; Use case execution interface module: used to send remote control commands to the human-machine interface monitoring and operation unit to simulate user operation and click on the remote control command, and to send state change commands to the power supply system real-time simulation unit to simulate changes in external triggers of the power supply system; Result collection and analysis module: Receives records of interface status changes sent by the machine interface monitoring and operation unit, message records sent by the IEC104 protocol simulation unit, and status change records of the power supply system real-time simulation unit, analyzes the above records in time series and associates them with specific test cases, and fully records the changes of each unit that occur during the execution of the test case to determine whether the test case passes.

8. A subway visual grounding software automated testing method, characterized in that: The method is implemented based on the device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, and the method comprises the following steps: S1. Establish relevant models of real-time simulation units of power supply systems; S2. Deploy multiple IEC104 protocol simulation units and visual grounding software that are consistent with the on-site layout plan by using virtual machines or docker containers, and ensure that the network configuration and software example configuration are consistent with the on-site layout plan; establish a multi-layer local area network to connect the nodes of each IEC104 protocol simulation unit, the nodes of the visual grounding software, and the power supply system real-time simulation unit; S3. Establish test cases and clarify the input conditions, expected outputs and test steps of each test case; After all use cases are established and all software environments are deployed, start executing test cases in sequence; S4. Analyze the historical record data generated by executing the use case to obtain the test result of each use case, and obtain the overall test result according to the passing status of each use case; After the test is completed, the software to be tested is configured or the software itself is modified. After the version is released again, the test cases are re-executed until all cases pass and meet the requirements for system launch.

9. The subway visual grounding software automated testing method according to claim 8 is characterized by: Step S1 specifically includes the following contents: S11. List of equipment related to the maintenance of the power supply system; S12. Maintain a list of equipment attributes of the power supply system and assign initial values; equipment attributes include discrete attributes and continuous attributes; S13. Import existing historical data according to device attributes in the format of <device, attribute, value, time>; S14, configuring the topological relationship matrix between each device; S15, configuring the optional states of the discrete attributes of each device and the transition conditions between states; S16, configuring the calculation function of the continuous attribute of each device to provide a basis for the subsequent calculation of continuous data; S17. Establish external interfaces of the real-time simulation unit of the power supply system, including a full state interface, a state intervention interface, and a state change event interface; S18. Using the historical data of each attribute, call the model optimization module of the historical data to verify and optimize the simulation model.

10. The subway visual grounding software automated testing method according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step S3, The input condition is the operation or instruction of the automated test management unit to other systems; The expected output includes the state change record of the real-time simulation unit of the power supply system, the transmission record of the IEC104 protocol simulation unit, and the UI change or output of the measured visual grounding software; these outputs will be recorded in the database in time sequence; The test steps include two categories: (1) When the test management unit adjusts the power supply system status, the IEC104 protocol simulation unit should be able to receive the change event and report it to the visual grounding software, and the visual grounding software will have a corresponding status change in the user interaction interface; (2) When the test management unit sends a remote control command to the visual grounding software, the visual grounding software sends a remote control command to the IEC104 protocol simulation unit. The remote control command processing module of the IEC104 protocol simulation unit processes the remote control command and directly modifies the corresponding device attribute status of the power supply system real-time simulation unit, causing the status of other devices to change, and then reporting the changes to the visual grounding software layer by layer in the user interaction interface.

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