Flood wave continuous self-correction extraction method and system and medium

Abstract

The invention relates to a flood wave continuous self-correction extraction method and system and a medium. The method comprises the steps that a time sequence of flow / water level fluctuation slopes is formed; respectively carrying out statistical analysis on time interval maximum value series of upstream and downstream stations of the section; judging whether the m continuous flood peaks are independent or not; aiming at the independent flood process, taking the flood peak position as a starting point, respectively searching the starting time and the ending time of the flood process forwards and backwards, and segmenting a complete flood process; preliminarily drawing up flood propagation time of upstream and downstream sites of the section; and calculating flood propagation characteristic information such as flood propagation time and expansion difference coefficients of upstream and downstream sites of the section, and correcting the flood propagation time of the upstream and downstream sites of the section according to a calculation result. According to the method, analysis of flood propagation characteristics among massive sites on a drainage basin surface can be effectively realized, and the understanding of a drainage basin flood propagation rule is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of autonomous extraction and analysis of flood waves, and more specifically, to a method, system and medium for continuous self-correction extraction of flood waves. Background Art

[0002] Climate change and strong human activities have significantly changed the evolution of floods in the Yangtze River Basin. Research on the evolution of floods under the new environment is of great significance to improving the understanding of the development and evolution of floods in the Yangtze River Basin. However, traditional flood evolution analysis mainly uses graphical analysis, that is, first mapping the water level / flow process of upstream and downstream stations on the section, and then selecting the relevant flood processes of upstream and downstream stations based on visual or empirical judgment, and finally analyzing the characteristic parameters of flood evolution. Although this research method is accurate, it takes a lot of time and is not conducive to batch research on flood processes between large-scale stations. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to provide a method, system and medium for continuous self-correction extraction of flood waves, so as to realize automatic extraction and analysis of flood processes in hydrological sequences.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following technical solutions:

[0005] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for extracting flood waves by continuous self-correction, comprising the following specific steps:

[0006] S1, select any river section, identify the hydrological / water level stations upstream and downstream of the section, use the flood reporting data of the station, arbitrarily select the flow / water level process data within a period of time, use time as the horizontal axis and flow / water level as the vertical axis, make a flow / water level development process diagram, calculate the flow / water level slope between two adjacent time nodes, form a time series of flow / water level fluctuation slope, select the maximum / minimum value of the flow / water level sequence of the upstream and downstream stations of the section, and transfer to S2 for the next step of calculation;

[0007] S2, respectively statistically analyze the maximum value series of the two stations in the upper and lower reaches of the section, set the flood peak thresholds of the upper and lower stations at three levels: small and medium floods, large floods, and super-standard floods, extract samples exceeding the flood peak threshold of a certain level from the maximum value of the flow / water level sequence as the flood peak flow, and transfer to S4 for the next step of calculation;

[0008] S3, if there are m consecutive flood peak flows / water levels, that is, there are no other non-flood peak maximum points between the flood peaks, determine whether these m consecutive flood peaks are independent, and regard the non-independent consecutive flood peak flows / water level processes as several flood peaks of an independent flood process, and go to S5 to enter the next step of calculation;

[0009] S4, for the independent flood process, take the flood peak position as the starting point, search forward and backward for the start and end time of the flood process respectively, segment the complete flood process, and go to S6 to enter the next step of calculation;

[0010] S5. Preliminarily determine the flood propagation time of the upstream and downstream stations on the cross section, and conduct similarity sliding analysis on the flood process of the upstream and downstream stations on the cross section. If the flood events of the two upstream and downstream stations on the cross section are similar, the flood process of the downstream station is transmitted by the upstream flood;

[0011] S6. Calculate flood propagation characteristics such as flood propagation time and rise difference coefficient of upstream and downstream stations on the section, and correct the flood propagation time of upstream and downstream stations on the section in S5 based on the calculation results.

[0012] The implementation method of S1 is: select the flow / water level process of the upstream station of the section Flow / water level process at downstream stations of the section Calculate the flow / water level fluctuation slope between two adjacent time nodes to form a time series of the slope, the flow / water level fluctuation slope of the upstream station of the section Flow / water level fluctuation slope at downstream station of section in, or or Determine the time period extreme value according to the following formula:

[0013]

[0014] The implementation method of S2 is: the maximum flow / water level point of the upstream station of the section [Q′1,Q′2,...,Q′ i ,,Q′ n ] / [Z′1,Z′2,...,Z′ i ,...,Z′ n ], the maximum flow / water level point of the downstream station of the section [q′1,q′2,…,q′ i ,...,q′ n ] / [z′1,z′2,…,z′ i ,...,z′ n ]; According to the design flood data of upstream and downstream stations, the design flood flow / water level corresponding to small and medium floods, large floods and super-standard floods shall be determined respectively. Statistical analysis of the section upstream and downstream stations to select the flow / water level maximum point within the time to which category of flood,

[0015]

[0016] or

[0017]

[0018] or

[0019] The implementation method of S3 is as follows: Based on the above analysis, all flood peaks in the study period can be selected. If m consecutive maximum points all belong to the flood category, it is necessary to determine whether these m consecutive flood peaks are independent. Assuming that the consecutive flood peaks are [Q′ i+1 ,Q′ i+2 ,...,Q′ i+j ,...,Q′ i+m ], and the corresponding peak time is [t′ i+1 ,t′ i+2 ,...,t′ i+j ,...,t′ i+m ], the peak time difference between two adjacent flood peaks in a series of continuous flood peaks is [Δt i ' +1 ,Δt i ' +2 ,...,Δt i ' +j ,...,Δt i ' +m-1 ], where Δt i ' +j =t i ' +j+1 -t i ' +j , if the following equation is satisfied, then the m consecutive flood peaks are not independent and can be regarded as the same flood,

[0020]

[0021] Where Q0 is the base flow of station A; Δt i ' +j Refers to continuous peak Q i ' +j+1 and Q i ' +j The interval time; [Q i ' +j ,Q i ' +j+1 ] are two adjacent continuous flood peak flows; Q min It refers to the minimum flow value between two flood peaks; α and β represent empirical parameters.

[0022] The implementation method of S4 is as follows: for an independent flood process, take the flood peak position as the starting point, search forward and backward for the start and end time of the flood process respectively, and segment the complete flood process. The starting point of the flood process is determined as follows: if the flood peak is a single peak type and the flood peak flow is Q H, the corresponding peak time is t H , then search the adjacent independent flood peaks backwards in the reverse time axis, and count all the maximum points [Q1″,Q2″,...,Q i ″,...,Q k ″], where Q1″ represents the target peak Q H , calculate the slope between the two adjacent flow maximum points like If both are greater than 0, then The corresponding minimum point Q adjacent to the left side of the maximum point P is the starting point of the flood, and the corresponding starting time is t P ; Search for adjacent independent flood peaks along the time axis in Representative target peak Q H , calculate the slope between the two adjacent flow maximum points If the slopes between the two adjacent maximum flow points are both less than 0, then The corresponding minimum point Q adjacent to the right side of the maximum q is the flood retreat point, and the corresponding retreat time is t q ,

[0023] max(Q p ,Q q )≤γQ H and t q -t p ≤θ*min(t H -t P ,t q -t H )

[0024] Where γ and θ are empirical parameters, γ∈(0,1), θ≥2.

[0025] If the target flood peak is multi-peak, take the first peak as the starting point, and search for adjacent independent flood peaks backward along the time axis. If the searched independent flood peak is also a single peak, use the above method to analyze the rising point between the two peaks. If the searched independent flood peak is multi-peak, take the last peak in the multi-peak as the object, and use the above method to analyze the rising point between the two peaks. If the target flood peak is multi-peak, take the last peak as the starting point, and search for adjacent independent flood peaks forward along the time axis. If the searched independent flood peak is a single peak, use the above method to analyze the receding point between the two peaks. If the searched independent flood peak is multi-peak, take the first peak in the multi-peak as the object, and use the above method to analyze the receding point between the two peaks. According to the time corresponding to the flood rising and receding points, the complete flood process is divided.

[0026] The flood flow / water level process of the downstream stations of the section is segmented in the same way.

[0027] The implementation method of S5 is as follows: for the flood flow / water level process divided by the upstream and downstream stations of the section, the peak occurrence time corresponding to the flood process upstream of the section is t up 、Hongfeng Q up 、Flood volume up Based on the preliminarily proposed upstream and downstream flood propagation time t, the downstream station of the analysis section at t down =t up The flood process corresponding to the independent flood peak near time +t, where the flood peak occurs at time t down 、Hongfeng Q down 、Flood volume down , the following formula is used to analyze the similarity of the two characteristic indicators of flood peak and flood volume of the two floods at the upstream and downstream stations of the section:

[0028]

[0029] λ1+λ2=1

[0030] In the formula, λ1 and λ2 represent empirical factors, λ1∈(0,1), λ2∈(0,1); the closer U is to 1, the higher the similarity of the two flood peaks and quantities, and vice versa.

[0031] If the length of the flood sequence at the upstream and downstream stations on the section is the same, the flood process at the upstream station can be expressed as The flood process at the downstream site can be expressed as The following formula is used to calculate the process similarity of the two floods:

[0032]

[0033] The smaller w is, the higher the similarity between the two floods is, and vice versa.

[0034] If the lengths of flood sequences at upstream and downstream stations on the section are inconsistent, the flood process at the upstream station can be expressed as The flood process of the downstream station can be expressed as The dynamic time adjustment algorithm is used to calculate the process similarity of the two floods.

[0035] After completing the flood similarity analysis of the upstream and downstream stations, slide the downstream section time axis forward by another Δt, continue to analyze the flood similarity of the upstream and downstream sections, and compare t down =t up +t and t down =t up The similarity between the downstream flood process of the section at time +t+Δt and the upstream flood process is taken, and the closest flood is taken as the flood process transmitted from the upstream section to the downstream section.

[0036] The implementation method of S6 is: calculate the flood propagation characteristic information such as the flood propagation time and the rise difference coefficient of the upstream and downstream stations, substitute the newly obtained flood propagation time into the time initially planned by S5, take the average of the two, and replace the flood propagation time initially planned by S5, and re-conduct a similarity analysis of a new round of flood process.

[0037] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a flood wave continuous self-correction extraction system, the system comprising: a memory and a processor, the memory comprising a program of a flood wave continuous self-correction extraction method, the program of the flood wave continuous self-correction extraction method being executed by the processor to implement the following steps: S1, select any river section, clarify the upstream and downstream hydrological / water level stations of the section, use the site flood reporting data, arbitrarily select the flow / water level process data within a period of time, use time as the horizontal axis and the flow / water level as the vertical axis, make a flow / water level development process diagram, calculate the flow / water level slope between two adjacent time nodes, form a time series of the flow / water level fluctuation slope, select the time period maximum / minimum value of the flow / water level sequence of the upstream and downstream stations of the section, and proceed to S2 for the next step of calculation;

[0038] S2, respectively statistically analyze the maximum value series of the two stations in the upper and lower reaches of the section, set the flood peak thresholds of the upper and lower stations at three levels: small and medium floods, large floods, and super-standard floods, extract samples exceeding the flood peak threshold of a certain level from the maximum value of the flow / water level sequence as the flood peak flow, and transfer to S4 for the next step of calculation;

[0039] S3, if there are m consecutive flood peak flows / water levels, that is, there are no other non-flood peak maximum points between the flood peaks, determine whether these m consecutive flood peaks are independent, and regard the non-independent consecutive flood peak flows / water level processes as several flood peaks of an independent flood process, and go to S5 to enter the next step of calculation;

[0040] S4, for the independent flood process, take the flood peak position as the starting point, search forward and backward for the start and end time of the flood process respectively, segment the complete flood process, and go to S6 to enter the next step of calculation;

[0041] S5. Preliminarily determine the flood propagation time of the upstream and downstream stations on the cross section, and conduct similarity sliding analysis on the flood process of the upstream and downstream stations on the cross section. If the flood events of the two upstream and downstream stations on the cross section are similar, the flood process of the downstream station is transmitted by the upstream flood;

[0042] S6. Calculate flood propagation characteristics such as flood propagation time and rise difference coefficient of upstream and downstream stations on the section, and correct the flood propagation time of upstream and downstream stations on the section in S5 based on the calculation results.

[0043] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores program code, and when the program code is executed by a processor, the steps of the flood wave continuous self-correction extraction method as described above are implemented.

[0044] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0045] By developing an automated and standardized flood wave (including single-peak and multi-peak types) extraction method and adopting the self-correction technology of key parameters, a simple, efficient and accurate analysis of multi-site and long-sequence hydrological processes can be achieved. Compared with the existing technology, the present invention proposes a continuous self-correction extraction method for flood waves for the first time, which can effectively realize the analysis of flood propagation characteristics between a large number of sites on the surface of the basin and enhance the understanding of the flood propagation law of the basin. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0046] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments of the present application will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0047] Figure 1 The figure is a flow chart of the method of the present invention.

[0048] Figure 2 It is the flow sequence diagram of the upstream site A and the downstream site B of the section.

[0049] Figure 3 Results are selected for the flow series at upstream station A and the flood peak at downstream station B of the section.

[0050] Figure 4 It is the flow sequence of the upstream site A and the downstream site B of the section.

[0051] Figure 5 Determine the rising point of the upstream station A of the section. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, so once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in the subsequent drawings.

[0053] The terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof are intended to encompass non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that includes a list of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. In the absence of further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a ..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes the element.

[0054] The terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance, nor should they be understood as requiring or implying any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations.

[0055] See also Figure 1 , a flood wave continuous self-correction extraction method, comprising the following steps:

[0056] S1. Calculation of flow / hydrological extreme values ​​at upstream stations of the section

[0057] Take the flow process as an example, the same below.

[0058] The flow sequence of the upstream site A and the downstream site B of the section are as follows Figure 2 As shown, the flow / water level fluctuation slope between two adjacent time nodes is calculated to form a time series of slopes, the flow fluctuation slope of the upstream station of the section, and then transferred to S2 for the next step of calculation.

[0059]

[0060] S2. Selection of peak flow

[0061] Assume that the stratified flood thresholds of upstream stations A and B of the section are as shown in the following table

[0062] Site Small and medium floods The Great Flood Super flood A 5000 10000 20000 B 6000 12000 15

[0063] The peak values ​​of stations A and B are selected as follows: Figure 3 Shown

[0064] S3. Determination of flood peak independence

[0065] like Figure 4, taking the peak flow of upstream site A as an example, assuming that the four maximum values ​​are continuous peaks, their values ​​are 10000m3 / s, 11000m3 / s, 8000m3 / s, and 10000m3 / s, and the time of peak occurrence is 3h, 12h, 36h, and 48h, respectively. There are three extremely low values ​​between the four peaks, which are 6000m3 / s, 2000m3 / s, and 2000m3 / s, respectively. Assuming α is and β is 0.5, determine whether the following formula is satisfied. From the calculation results, it can be seen that the peaks 10000m3 / s and 11000m3 / s are not independent, and the two are double peaks. The other peaks 8000m3 / s and 10000m3 / s are independent and can be regarded as two independent peaks.

[0066]

[0067] S4. Flood process segmentation

[0068] like Figure 5 , the method is introduced by taking the flood flow process segmentation of the upstream station A of the section as an example. Assuming that the first peak flow of the double peak is 10000m3 / s, the corresponding flood peak time is 8:30, and the flow of the first three maximum points is 3500m3 / s, 3000m3 / s, and 8000m3 / s, and the corresponding flood peak time is 6:30, 4:30, and 1:30, calculate the slope between the two adjacent flow maximum points:

[0069]

[0070] Therefore, the rising point is the first minimum point on the left of the flood peak of 3000m3 / s. Assuming the corresponding flow is 2000m3 / s, the occurrence time is 4:00. The first performance value point after the second peak of the double peak is the ebb point. Assuming the corresponding flow is 2000m3 / s, the occurrence time is 10:30, assuming γ = 0.5; θ = 2, it satisfies:

[0071] max(2000,2000)≤0.5×10000and 10:30-4:00≤2*min(8:30-4:00,10:30-8:30)

[0072] The flood flow / water level process of the downstream stations of the section is segmented in the same way.

[0073] Similarity analysis of flood processes in upper and lower sections of S5

[0074] Assuming that the peak flow rate of the upstream section is 10000m3 / s and the corresponding peak flow rate of the downstream section is 10500m3 / s, calculate the flood volume of the upstream and downstream sections W1 = ∫Q up dt up , W2=∫Q downdt down ; The following formula is used to analyze the similarity of the two characteristic indicators of flood peak and flood volume of two floods at the upstream and downstream stations of the section, assuming

[0075]

[0076] λ1+λ2=1

[0077] In the formula, Q up represents the flood process sequence of the upstream section, t up represents the time series of the flood process in the upstream section, Q down represents the flood process sequence of the downstream section, t down Represents the time series of the flood process in the downstream section; λ1 and λ2 represent empirical factors, λ1∈(0,1), λ2∈(0,1); the closer U is to 1.

[0078] Assume Q up , Q down If the sequence lengths are consistent, the flood process of the upstream site can be expressed as [2000, 3000, 2000, 3500, 2000, 10000, 6000, 11000, 2000], and the flood process of the downstream site can be expressed as [2500, 3500, 2500, 4000, 2500, 10500, 6500, 11500, 2500]. The following formula is used to calculate the process similarity of the two floods:

[0079]

[0080] The smaller w is, the higher the similarity between the two floods, and vice versa.

[0081] After completing the flood similarity analysis of upstream and downstream stations on the section, slide the time axis of the downstream section forward by another t, continue to analyze the flood similarity of the upstream and downstream sections, and take the closest flood as the flood process transmitted from the upstream section to the downstream section.

[0082] S6 parameter iterative update

[0083] Calculate the flood propagation characteristics of upstream and downstream stations, such as flood propagation time and rise difference coefficient, substitute the newly obtained flood propagation time into the time initially planned by S5, take the average of the two, and replace the flood propagation time initially planned by S5. Re-conduct similarity analysis of the new round of flood process.

[0084] An embodiment of the present application provides a flood wave continuous self-correction extraction system, the system comprising: a memory and a processor, the memory comprising a program of a flood wave continuous self-correction extraction method, and the program of the flood wave continuous self-correction extraction method, when executed by the processor, implements the steps of the flood wave continuous self-correction extraction method as described above.

[0085] An embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores program code, and when the program code is executed by a processor, the steps of the flood wave continuous self-correction extraction method as described above are implemented.

[0086] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the embodiments of the present application may be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present application may adopt the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment, or an embodiment in combination with software and hardware. Moreover, the present application may adopt the form of a computer program product implemented in one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) that include computer-usable program code.

[0087] The present application is described with reference to the flowcharts and / or block diagrams of the methods, devices (systems), and computer program products according to the embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that each process and / or box in the flowchart and / or block diagram, as well as the combination of the processes and / or boxes in the flowchart and / or block diagram, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing device to generate a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device generate instructions for implementing the processes in the flowchart and / or block diagram. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in a block or multiple blocks.

[0088] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory capable of directing a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising an instruction device, which implements the process Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A function specified in one or more boxes.

[0089] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device so that a series of operating steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions for implementing the process in the computer or other programmable device. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps for the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0090] In a typical configuration, a computing device includes one or more processors (CPU), input / output interfaces, network interfaces, and memory.

[0091] The memory may include non-permanent memory in a computer-readable medium, random access memory (RAM) and / or non-volatile memory in the form of read-only memory (ROM) or flash RAM. The memory is an example of a computer-readable medium.

[0092] Computer readable media include permanent and non-permanent, removable and non-removable media that can be implemented by any method or technology to store information. Information can be computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase change memory (PRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), other types of random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technology, compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), digital versatile disk (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices or any other non-transmission media that can be used to store information that can be accessed by a computing device. As defined herein, computer readable media does not include temporary computer readable media (transitory media), such as modulated data signals and carrier waves.

[0093] The above description is only an embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the protection scope of the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for extracting flood waves by continuous self-correction, characterized in that: The specific steps include: S1, select any river section, identify the hydrological / water level stations upstream and downstream of the section, use the flood reporting data of the station, arbitrarily select the flow / water level process data within a period of time, use time as the horizontal axis and flow / water level as the vertical axis, make a flow / water level development process diagram, calculate the flow / water level slope between two adjacent time nodes, form a time series of flow / water level fluctuation slope, select the maximum / minimum value of the flow / water level sequence of the upstream and downstream stations of the section, and transfer to S2 for the next step of calculation; S2, respectively statistically analyze the maximum value series of the two stations in the upper and lower reaches of the section, set the flood peak thresholds of the upper and lower stations at three levels: small and medium floods, large floods, and super-standard floods, extract samples exceeding the flood peak threshold of a certain level from the maximum value of the flow / water level sequence as the flood peak flow, and transfer to S4 for the next step of calculation; S3, if there are m consecutive flood peak flows / water levels, that is, there are no other non-flood peak maximum points between the flood peaks, determine whether these m consecutive flood peaks are independent, and regard the non-independent consecutive flood peak flows / water level processes as several flood peaks of an independent flood process, and go to S5 to enter the next step of calculation; S4, for the independent flood process, take the flood peak position as the starting point, search forward and backward for the start and end time of the flood process respectively, segment the complete flood process, and go to S6 to enter the next step of calculation; S5. Preliminarily determine the flood propagation time of the upstream and downstream stations on the cross section, and conduct similarity sliding analysis on the flood process of the upstream and downstream stations on the cross section. If the flood events of the two upstream and downstream stations on the cross section are similar, the flood process of the downstream station is transmitted by the upstream flood; S6. Calculate flood propagation characteristics such as flood propagation time and rise difference coefficient of upstream and downstream stations on the section, and correct the flood propagation time of upstream and downstream stations on the section in S5 based on the calculation results.

2. A flood wave continuous self-correction extraction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The implementation method of S1 is: select the flow / water level process of the upstream station of the section Flow / water level process at downstream stations of the section Calculate the flow / water level fluctuation slope between two adjacent time nodes to form a time series of the slope, the flow / water level fluctuation slope of the upstream station of the section Flow / water level fluctuation slope at downstream station of section in, or or Determine the time period extreme value according to the following formula:

3. A flood wave continuous self-correction extraction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The implementation method of S2 is: the maximum flow / water level point of the upstream station of the section [Q′1,Q′2,...,Q′ i ,...,Q′ n ] / [Z′1,Z′2,…,Z′ i ,…,Z′ n ], the maximum flow / water level point of the downstream station of the section [q′1,q′2,…,q′ i ,…,q′ n ] / [z′1,z′2,…,z′ i ,…,z′ n ]; According to the design flood data of upstream and downstream stations, the design flood flow / water level corresponding to small and medium floods, large floods and super-standard floods shall be determined respectively [Q * 1. Q * 2. Q * 3] / [Z * 1,Z * 2,Z * 3]、[q * 1,q * 2,q * 3] / [z * 1,z * 2,z * 3], statistically analyze the flood category of the maximum flow / water level point at the upstream and downstream stations within the selected time. or or 4. A flood wave continuous self-correction extraction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The implementation method of S3 is as follows: Based on the above analysis, all flood peaks in the study period can be selected. If m consecutive maximum points all belong to the flood category, it is necessary to determine whether these m consecutive flood peaks are independent. Assuming that the consecutive flood peaks are [Q′ i+1 ,Q′ i+2 ,...,Q′ i+j ,...,Q′ i+m ], and the corresponding peak time is [t′ i+1 ,t′ i+2 ,…,t′ i+j ,...,t′ i+m ], the peak time difference between two adjacent flood peaks in a series of continuous flood peaks is [Δt′ i+1 ,Δt′ i+2 ,...,Δt′ i+j , ..., Δt′ i+m-1 ], where Δt′ i+j =t′ i+j+1 -t′ i+j , if the following equation is satisfied, then the m consecutive flood peaks are not independent and can be regarded as the same flood, Where Q0 is the base flow of station A; Δt i ' +j Refers to continuous peak Q i ' +j+1 and Q i ' +j The interval time; [Q i ' +j ,Q i ' +j+1 ] are two adjacent continuous flood peak flows; Q min It refers to the minimum flow value between two flood peaks; α and β represent empirical parameters.

5. A flood wave continuous self-correction extraction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The implementation method of S4 is as follows: for an independent flood process, take the flood peak position as the starting point, search forward and backward for the start and end time of the flood process respectively, and segment the complete flood process. The starting point of the flood process is determined as follows: if the flood peak is a single peak type and the flood peak flow is Q H , the corresponding peak time is t H , then search the adjacent independent flood peaks backwards in the reverse time axis, and count all the maximum points [Q1″,Q2″,...,Q i ″,,Q k ″], where Q1″ represents the target peak Q H , calculate the slope between the two adjacent flow maximum points like If both are greater than 0, then The corresponding minimum point Q adjacent to the left side of the maximum point P is the starting point of the flood, and the corresponding starting time is t P ; Search for adjacent independent flood peaks along the time axis in Representative target peak Q H , calculate the slope between the two adjacent flow maximum points If the slopes between the two adjacent maximum flow points are both less than 0, then The corresponding minimum point Q adjacent to the right side of the maximum value q is the flood retreat point, and the corresponding retreat time is t q , max(Q p ,Q q )≤γQ H and t q -t p ≤θ*min(t H -t P ,t q -t H ) Where γ and θ are empirical parameters, γ∈(0,1), θ≥2. If the target flood peak is multi-peak, take the first peak as the starting point, and search for adjacent independent flood peaks backward along the time axis. If the searched independent flood peak is also a single peak, use the above method to analyze the rising point between the two peaks. If the searched independent flood peak is multi-peak, take the last peak in the multi-peak as the object, and use the above method to analyze the rising point between the two peaks. If the target flood peak is multi-peak, take the last peak as the starting point, and search for adjacent independent flood peaks forward along the time axis. If the searched independent flood peak is a single peak, use the above method to analyze the receding point between the two peaks. If the searched independent flood peak is multi-peak, take the first peak in the multi-peak as the object, and use the above method to analyze the receding point between the two peaks. According to the time corresponding to the flood rising and receding points, the complete flood process is divided. The flood flow / water level process of the downstream stations of the section is segmented in the same way.

6. A flood wave continuous self-correction extraction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The implementation method of S5 is as follows: for the flood flow / water level process divided by the upstream and downstream stations of the section, the peak occurrence time corresponding to the flood process upstream of the section is t up , Hongfeng Q up 、Flood volume up Based on the preliminarily proposed upstream and downstream flood propagation time t, the downstream station of the analysis section at t down =t up The flood process corresponding to the independent flood peak near time +t, where the flood peak occurs at time t down , Hongfeng Q down 、Flood volume down , the following formula is used to analyze the similarity of the two characteristic indicators of flood peak and flood volume of the two floods at the upstream and downstream stations of the section: λ1+λ2=1 In the formula, λ1 and λ2 represent empirical factors, λ1∈(0,1), λ2∈(0,1); the closer U is to 1, the higher the similarity of the two flood peaks and quantities, and vice versa. If the length of the flood sequence at the upstream and downstream stations on the section is the same, the flood process at the upstream station can be expressed as The flood process at the downstream site can be expressed as The following formula is used to calculate the process similarity of the two floods: The smaller w is, the higher the similarity between the two floods is, and vice versa. If the lengths of flood sequences at upstream and downstream stations on the section are inconsistent, the flood process at the upstream station can be expressed as The flood process of the downstream station can be expressed as The dynamic time adjustment algorithm is used to calculate the process similarity of the two floods. After completing the flood similarity analysis of the upstream and downstream stations, slide the downstream section time axis forward by another Δt, continue to analyze the flood similarity of the upstream and downstream sections, and compare t down =t up +t and t down =t up The similarity between the downstream flood process of the section at time +t+Δt and the upstream flood process is taken, and the closest flood is taken as the flood process transmitted from the upstream section to the downstream section.

7. A flood wave continuous self-correction extraction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The implementation method of S6 is: calculate the flood propagation characteristic information such as the flood propagation time and the rise difference coefficient of the upstream and downstream stations, substitute the newly obtained flood propagation time into the time initially planned by S5, take the average of the two, and replace the flood propagation time initially planned by S5, and re-conduct a similarity analysis of a new round of flood process.

8. A flood wave continuous self-correction extraction system, characterized in that: The system comprises: a memory and a processor, wherein the memory comprises a program of a method for extracting a flood wave continuously self-correcting, and when the program of the method for extracting a flood wave continuously self-correcting is executed by the processor, the following steps are implemented: S1, selecting any river section, clarifying the hydrological / water level stations upstream and downstream of the section, using the flood reporting data of the station, arbitrarily selecting the flow / water level process data within a period of time, taking time as the horizontal axis and the flow / water level as the vertical axis, making a flow / water level development process diagram, calculating the flow / water level slope between two adjacent time nodes, forming a time series of the flow / water level fluctuation slope, selecting the maximum / minimum value of the time period of the flow / water level sequence of the upstream and downstream stations of the section, and transferring to S2 for the next step of calculation; S2, respectively statistically analyze the maximum value series of the two stations in the upper and lower reaches of the section, set the flood peak thresholds of the upper and lower stations at three levels: small and medium floods, large floods, and super-standard floods, extract samples exceeding the flood peak threshold of a certain level from the maximum value of the flow / water level sequence as the flood peak flow, and transfer to S4 for the next step of calculation; S3, if there are m consecutive flood peak flows / water levels, that is, there are no other non-flood peak maximum points between the flood peaks, determine whether these m consecutive flood peaks are independent, and regard the non-independent consecutive flood peak flows / water level processes as several flood peaks of an independent flood process, and go to S5 to enter the next step of calculation; S4, for the independent flood process, take the flood peak position as the starting point, search forward and backward for the start and end time of the flood process respectively, segment the complete flood process, and go to S6 to enter the next step of calculation; S5. Preliminarily determine the flood propagation time of the upstream and downstream stations on the cross section, and conduct similarity sliding analysis on the flood process of the upstream and downstream stations on the cross section. If the flood events of the two upstream and downstream stations on the cross section are similar, the flood process of the downstream station is transmitted by the upstream flood; S6. Calculate flood propagation characteristics such as flood propagation time and rise difference coefficient of upstream and downstream stations on the section, and correct the flood propagation time of upstream and downstream stations on the section in S5 based on the calculation results.

9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium stores program codes, and when the program codes are executed by a processor, the steps of the flood wave continuous self-correction extraction method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 are implemented.

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