Method and device for obtaining the wear between a valve and a valve seat in an engine
By establishing a scaled-down model through finite element analysis and pressure equivalence mechanism, the problem of measuring the wear of valves and valve seats in large-bore engines was solved, and efficient and accurate wear calculation was achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411737984.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-29
- Publication Date
- 2025-10-21
- Estimated Expiration
- 2044-11-29
Smart Images
Figure CN119808457B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present disclosure relates to the fields of mechanical technology and measurement technology, and more particularly, to a method and device for obtaining the amount of wear between a gas valve and a valve seat in an engine. Background Art
[0002] The valve and valve seat are one of the most critical friction pairs in an engine. Their operating conditions are complex. In addition to bearing the intense impact load of valve seating, they also need to withstand the thermal load of corrosive, high-temperature exhaust gas, making them prone to wear and failure. Therefore, predicting the wear between the valve and valve seat is essential.
[0003] In the process of realizing the concept disclosed herein, the inventors discovered that there are at least the following problems in the related art: the wear of the engine's valves and valve seats is usually obtained through experimental measurement, but for engines with larger cylinder diameters, the structural dimensions of the valves and valve seats are also larger and the load-bearing capacity is high, and it is difficult to find a valve and valve seat wear test bench that meets the size and load impact requirements. Summary of the Invention
[0004] In view of this, the present disclosure provides a method and device for obtaining the amount of wear between a valve and a valve seat in an engine.
[0005] One aspect of the present disclosure provides a method for obtaining the amount of wear between a valve and a valve seat in an engine, comprising: obtaining structural parameters of a valve train of the engine, and environmental parameters of the valve and valve seat, wherein the engine satisfies a preset valve head diameter, and the valve train is used to drive the mechanical movement of the valve; performing dynamic calculations on the valve train based on the structural parameters and environmental parameters to obtain a first seating force and a seating velocity, wherein the first seating force is a force generated when the valve hits the valve seat at the seating velocity; performing finite element calculations on the valve and valve seat based on the environmental parameters, structural parameters, and seating velocity to obtain an impact stress, a sliding stress, and a first sliding distance; and performing finite element calculations on the valve and valve seat based on the impact stress and sliding stress to obtain a first sliding distance. The force meets the preset conditions, and the finite element analysis is performed on the scaled model to obtain the simulation parameters of the scaled model. The scaled model is obtained by proportionally reducing the mechanical structure of the air valve and the valve seat; based on the pressure equivalence mechanism, the second seating force of the scaled model is calculated according to the first seating force, the first force area of the air valve and the valve seat, and the second force area of the scaled model; the valve mechanism is redesigned according to the simulation parameters, the second seating force and the seating speed to obtain the target valve mechanism corresponding to the scaled model; the wear amount between the air valve and the valve seat is calculated according to the wear parameters between the air valve and the valve seat, and the wear parameters are obtained by performing a wear test on the scaled model using the target valve mechanism.
[0006] Another aspect of the present disclosure provides a device for obtaining the amount of wear between the valve and the valve seat in an engine, comprising: an acquisition module for obtaining the structural parameters of the engine's valve train, the environmental parameters of the valve and the valve seat, the engine meeting the preset size of the valve head diameter, and the valve train for driving the mechanical movement of the valve and the valve seat; a first calculation module for performing dynamic calculations on the valve train based on the structural parameters and the environmental parameters to obtain a first seating force and a seating speed, the first seating force being the force generated when the valve hits the valve seat at the seating speed; a second calculation module for performing finite element calculations on the valve and the valve seat based on the environmental parameters, the structural parameters and the seating speed to obtain impact stress, sliding stress and a first sliding distance; a finite element analysis module for performing finite element calculations on the valve and the valve seat based on the impact stress, the sliding stress and the first sliding distance; The stress and sliding stress meet the preset conditions, and the finite element analysis is performed on the scaled model to obtain the simulation parameters of the scaled model. The scaled model is obtained by proportionally reducing the mechanical structure of the air valve and the valve seat; the third calculation module is used to calculate the second seating force of the scaled model based on the pressure equivalence mechanism according to the first seating force, first force area and second force area of the scaled model of the air valve and the valve seat; the redesign module is used to redesign the valve mechanism according to the simulation parameters, the second seating force and the seating speed to obtain the target valve mechanism corresponding to the scaled model; the fourth calculation module is used to calculate the wear amount between the air valve and the valve seat according to the wear parameters between the air valve and the valve seat. The wear parameters are obtained by performing a wear test on the scaled model using the target valve mechanism.
[0007] Another aspect of the present disclosure provides an electronic device, comprising:
[0008] one or more processors;
[0009] a memory for storing one or more programs,
[0010] When the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors implement the method described above.
[0011] Another aspect of the present disclosure provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions, which are used to implement the method described above when executed.
[0012] Another aspect of the present disclosure provides a computer program product comprising computer executable instructions, which are used to implement the method described above when the instructions are executed.
[0013] According to the embodiments of the present disclosure, the impact stress and sliding stress are obtained by performing finite element analysis on the air valve and the valve seat; the mechanical structure of the air valve and the valve seat is proportionally reduced to obtain a scaled model. The finite element analysis is performed on the scaled model to obtain the simulation parameters of the scaled model. Based on the pressure equivalence mechanism, the second seating force of the scaled model is calculated according to the first seating force, the first force area and the second force area of the scaled model of the air valve and the valve seat. The valve mechanism is redesigned according to the simulation parameters, the second seating force and the seating speed to obtain the target valve mechanism corresponding to the scaled model. The scaled model is subjected to a wear test using the target valve mechanism to obtain the wear parameters. The amount of wear between the air valve and the valve seat can be calculated based on the wear parameters between the air valve and the valve seat. Therefore, there is no need to find a valve and valve seat wear test bench that meets the size and load impact requirements, and the amount of wear between the air valve and the valve seat in the engine can also be obtained. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0014] The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present disclosure will become more apparent through the following description of the embodiments of the present disclosure with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
[0015] Figure 1 Schematically shows a mechanical motion diagram of a gas valve and a valve seat according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
[0016] Figure 2 A flow chart schematically illustrates a method for obtaining the amount of wear between a valve and a valve seat in an engine according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
[0017] Figure 3 Schematically shows a flow chart of a method for obtaining the amount of wear between a valve and a valve seat in an engine according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;
[0018] Figure 4 A block diagram schematically illustrates a device for obtaining the amount of wear between a valve and a valve seat in an engine according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; and
[0019] Figure 5 A block diagram of an electronic device suitable for implementing a method for obtaining the amount of wear between a valve and a valve seat in an engine according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is schematically shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0020] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, it should be understood that these descriptions are merely exemplary and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. In the detailed description below, for ease of explanation, many specific details are set forth to provide a comprehensive understanding of the embodiments of the present disclosure. However, it is apparent that one or more embodiments may also be implemented without these specific details. In addition, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and technologies are omitted to avoid unnecessary confusion of the concepts of the present disclosure.
[0021] The terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present disclosure. The terms "comprise," "include," etc. used herein indicate the presence of the features, steps, operations, and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, or components.
[0022] All terms used herein (including technical and scientific terms) have the meanings commonly understood by those skilled in the art unless otherwise defined. It should be noted that the terms used herein should be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with the context of this specification and should not be interpreted in an idealized or overly rigid manner.
[0023] When expressions such as "at least one of A, B, and C, etc." are used, they should generally be interpreted in accordance with the meaning commonly understood by those skilled in the art (for example, "a system having at least one of A, B, and C" should include but is not limited to a system having A alone, B alone, C alone, A and B, A and C, B and C, and / or A, B, C, etc.).
[0024] In the embodiments of this disclosure, the collection, updating, analysis, processing, use, transmission, provision, disclosure, and storage of all data involved (including, but not limited to, user personal information) comply with relevant laws and regulations, are used for legitimate purposes, and do not violate public order and good morals. In particular, necessary measures have been taken to prevent unauthorized access to user personal information data and to safeguard the security of user personal information, network security, and national security.
[0025] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the user's authorization or consent is obtained before obtaining or collecting the user's personal information.
[0026] There are two main wear mechanisms between the valve and the valve seat. At the moment the valve seats and closes, the valve has a certain seating speed, which hits the valve seat and causes impact wear. The explosive pressure generated by combustion in the cylinder causes elastic deformation of the valve head, which in turn causes sliding wear between the valve and the valve seat.
[0027] The wear of an engine's valves and valve seats is usually measured through tests. However, for engines with larger cylinder diameters, the valves and valve seats have larger structural dimensions and higher load-bearing capacity, making it difficult to find a valve and valve seat wear test bench that meets the size and load impact requirements.
[0028] An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a method for obtaining the amount of wear between a valve and a valve seat in an engine, comprising: obtaining structural parameters of a valve train of the engine, and environmental parameters of the valve and valve seat, wherein the engine satisfies a preset valve head diameter, and the valve train is used to drive the mechanical movement of the valve; performing dynamic calculations on the valve train based on the structural parameters and environmental parameters to obtain a first seating force and a seating speed, wherein the first seating force is the force generated when the valve hits the valve seat at the seating speed; performing finite element calculations on the valve and valve seat based on the environmental parameters, structural parameters, and seating speed to obtain an impact stress, a sliding stress, and a first sliding distance; and performing finite element calculations on the valve and valve seat based on the impact stress and sliding stress. When the preset conditions are met, a finite element analysis is performed on the scaled model to obtain the simulation parameters of the scaled model. The scaled model is obtained by proportionally reducing the mechanical structure of the air valve and the valve seat. Based on the pressure equivalence mechanism, the second seating force of the scaled model is calculated according to the first seating force, the first force area and the second force area of the scaled model of the air valve and the valve seat. The valve mechanism is redesigned according to the simulation parameters, the second seating force and the seating speed to obtain the target valve mechanism corresponding to the scaled model. The wear amount between the air valve and the valve seat is calculated according to the wear parameters between the air valve and the valve seat. The wear parameters are obtained by performing a wear test on the scaled model using the target valve mechanism.
[0029] Figure 1 The figure schematically shows the mechanical movement of the gas valve and the valve seat according to the embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0030] It should be noted that Figure 1 The examples shown are merely examples of system architectures to which the embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied, to help those skilled in the art understand the technical content of the present disclosure, but do not mean that the embodiments of the present disclosure may not be used in other devices, systems, environments or scenarios.
[0031] like Figure 1 As shown, the valve mechanism 130 is used to drive the mechanical movement of the gas valve 120, that is, the valve mechanism 130 drives the gas valve 120 to impact the valve seat 110 at a seating speed.
[0032] The valve train 130 can have various structural forms, for example, a valve train in which a cam directly drives a rocker arm, a valve train in which a cam, a push rod, and a rocker arm are driven, etc., which is not limited here.
[0033] For example, the valve train 130 is comprised of a spring 131, a valve bridge 132, a rocker arm 133, a push rod 134, a follower arm 135, and a cam 136. The active component of the valve train can be the cam 136. When the cam 136 rotates until its raised portion contacts the follower arm 135, it in turn drives the follower arm 135 in the valve train 130 to rotate, the push rod 134 to rise, and the rocker arm 133 to rotate about its center point, thereby lowering the height of the end near the valve seat 110. This drives the valve bridge 132 to compress the spring 131, opening the valve 120. When the cam 136 rotates to its maximum raised position and contacts the follower arm 135, the valve reaches its maximum opening. Subsequently, the raised portion on the contact surface between the cam 136 and the follower arm 135 gradually decreases, and the valve 120 begins to rise under the action of the compressed spring 131 until it impacts the valve seat 110 at the seating velocity.
[0034] Figure 2 A flow chart schematically illustrates a method for obtaining the amount of wear between a valve and a valve seat in an engine according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0035] like Figure 2 As shown, the method includes operations S210 to S270.
[0036] In operation S210 , structural parameters of a valve train of an engine and environmental parameters of valves and valve seats are acquired.
[0037] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the engine meets a preset valve head diameter. Typically, engine valve head diameters greater than 56 mm can make it difficult to find a suitable wear test bench for valves and valve seats of this size. For example, the preset valve head diameter can be greater than 56 mm. The preset valve head diameter can be set based on actual conditions and is not limited to 56 mm.
[0038] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the valve mechanism is used to drive the mechanical movement of the valve. For example, the valve mechanism can drive the valve to impact the valve seat.
[0039] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the structural parameters of the valve train may include the structural dimensions and material density of each component.
[0040] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the environmental parameters of the gas valve and the valve seat include the temperature field in the working state and the in-cylinder pressure curve, etc.
[0041] In operation S220 , dynamic calculation is performed on the valve train according to the structural parameters and the environmental parameters to obtain a first seating force and a seating speed.
[0042] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the first seating force is a force generated when the gas valve hits the valve seat at a seating speed.
[0043] In operation S230 , finite element calculation is performed on the gas valve and the valve seat according to the environmental parameters, the structural parameters, and the seating speed to obtain the impact stress, the sliding stress, and the first sliding distance.
[0044] According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, finite element calculation, finite element analysis, etc. can be performed in simulation software.
[0045] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, both the impact stress and the sliding stress are calculated under the condition of thermal-engine coupling, that is, the temperature in the environmental parameters is the same as the temperature when the engine is operating normally.
[0046] In operation S240 , based on the impact stress and the sliding stress satisfying preset conditions, a finite element analysis is performed on the scaled model to obtain simulation parameters of the scaled model.
[0047] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the scaled model is obtained by proportionally reducing the mechanical structure of the gas valve and the valve seat. For example, a scale factor is first determined, and then the mechanical structure of the gas valve and the valve seat is proportionally reduced to obtain the scaled model.
[0048] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the preset condition may be that the impact stress and the sliding stress remain unchanged. For example, when the impact stress and the sliding stress remain unchanged, the finite element analysis of the scaled model can be performed to reversely obtain the state information of each component in the scaled model, for example, Figure 1 Valve sliding distance, spring preload, cylinder pressure, etc.
[0049] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the simulation parameters may include status information of each component in the scaled model, status information of each component of the valve train, and the like.
[0050] In operation S250 , based on a pressure equivalent mechanism, a second seating force of the scaled model is calculated according to the first seating force of the gas valve and the valve seat, the first force-bearing area, and the second force-bearing area of the scaled model.
[0051] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, pressure is the ratio of the seating force to the force-bearing area. The pressure equivalence mechanism indicates that under the condition of constant pressure, the second seating force of the scaled model can be calculated based on the second force-bearing area of the scaled model.
[0052] In operation S260 , the valve train is redesigned according to the simulation parameters, the second seating force, and the seating speed to obtain a target valve train corresponding to the scaled model.
[0053] According to the embodiments of the present disclosure, dynamic calculations can be performed on the valve mechanism based on the simulation parameters and the second seating force, and the structural parameters of each component in the valve mechanism can be obtained by reverse deduction, so as to redesign the valve mechanism.
[0054] In operation S270 , the wear amount between the gas valve and the valve seat is calculated based on the wear parameters between the gas valve and the valve seat.
[0055] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the wear parameters are obtained by performing a wear test on a scaled model of a target valve train. For example, the wear of the scaled model can be measured using a wear test bench for valves and valve seats.
[0056] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the method for obtaining the amount of wear between the air valve and the valve seat in the engine can be executed by a server.
[0057] According to the embodiments of the present disclosure, the impact force and sliding stress are obtained by performing finite element analysis on the air valve and the valve seat; the mechanical structure of the air valve and the valve seat is proportionally reduced to obtain a scaled model. The finite element analysis is performed on the scaled model to obtain the simulation parameters of the scaled model. Based on the pressure equivalence mechanism, the second seating force of the scaled model is calculated according to the first seating force, the first force area and the second force area of the scaled model of the air valve and the valve seat. The valve mechanism is redesigned according to the simulation parameters, the second seating force and the seating speed to obtain the target valve mechanism corresponding to the scaled model. The scaled model is subjected to a wear test using the target valve mechanism to obtain the wear parameters. The amount of wear between the air valve and the valve seat can be calculated based on the wear parameters between the air valve and the valve seat. Therefore, there is no need to find a valve-valve seat wear test bench that meets the size and load impact requirements, and the amount of wear between the air valve and the valve seat in the engine can also be obtained.
[0058] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the structural parameters include the structural size, material and mass of the valve mechanism, and the environmental parameters include the temperature of the valve and the valve seat in the working state and the first cylinder pressure.
[0059] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the structural dimensions may include the dimensions of various components in the valve mechanism, for example, the base circle radius of the cam in the valve mechanism, the rocker arm ratio, the valve clearance, etc.
[0060] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the material may include material density, elasticity, etc.
[0061] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, finite element calculation is performed on the air valve and the valve seat according to the environmental parameters, structural parameters and seating speed to obtain the impact stress, sliding stress and the first sliding distance, including: according to the temperature, seating speed, the first cylinder pressure and the first spring preload, finite element calculation is performed on the air valve and the valve seat to obtain the impact stress, sliding stress and the first sliding distance, the boundary conditions of the impact stress include temperature, gravity acceleration, the first spring preload and seating speed, the boundary conditions of the sliding stress and the first sliding distance include temperature, gravity acceleration, the first cylinder pressure and the first spring preload, and the first spring preload is the preload of the first spring in the valve mechanism.
[0062] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the preset condition is that the impact stress and the sliding stress remain unchanged, and the boundary conditions of the impact stress and part of the boundary conditions of the sliding stress also remain unchanged.
[0063] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the simulation parameters include a second spring preload corresponding to the impact stress, a second cylinder pressure corresponding to the sliding stress, and a second sliding distance.
[0064] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the first slip distance may be a slip distance of a large-bore engine valve corresponding to the amount of sliding wear, and the second slip distance may be a slip distance of a scaled-down model corresponding to the amount of sliding wear.
[0065] According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the same temperature field and seating speed. The impact stress and sliding stress remain unchanged and the boundary conditions of the impact stress and some boundary conditions of the sliding stress also remain unchanged. First, the impact stress of the scaled model is calculated under thermal-mechanical coupling. The boundary conditions of the impact stress include the temperature, gravitational acceleration, the first spring preload and the seating speed remain unchanged. According to the result of the maximum impact stress, which should be the same as the impact stress, the value of the second spring preload of the scaled model is inversely calculated. Then, the sliding stress of the scaled model is calculated under thermal-mechanical coupling, and the boundary conditions are temperature, gravitational acceleration, the first cylinder pressure and the second spring preload. According to the result of the maximum sliding stress, which is the same as the sliding stress, the value of the second cylinder pressure of the scaled model is inversely calculated, and the second slip distance of the scaled model is obtained.
[0066] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the valve mechanism is redesigned according to the simulation parameters, the second seating force and the seating speed to obtain a target valve mechanism corresponding to the scaled model, including: redesigning the valve mechanism to obtain a target valve mechanism corresponding to the scaled model while keeping the second spring preload, the second seating force and the seating speed unchanged.
[0067] like Figure 1 As shown, the exemplary valve train 130 is redesigned. While maintaining the second spring preload, second seating force, and seating speed, the cam profile, spring stiffness, and other factors can be adjusted to obtain a target valve train corresponding to the scaled-down model. The target valve train structure can differ from that of a large-bore engine valve train, and this is not a limitation.
[0068] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the target valve mechanism drives the air valve in the scaled model to hit the valve seat in the scaled model at a seating speed to form a second seating force, and the value of the preload force of the second spring in the scaled model is the second spring preload force.
[0069] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the formula of the pressure equivalent mechanism is as follows:
[0070] F1 / A1=F2 / A2 (1)
[0071] F1 is the first seating force, A1 is the first contact area between the air valve and the valve seat. F2 is the second seating force, and A2 is the second contact area between the scaled air valve and the scaled valve seat in the scaled model.
[0072] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the wear parameters include an impact wear coefficient, an impact wear constant and a sliding wear coefficient; calculating the wear amount between the air valve and the valve seat based on the wear parameters between the air valve and the valve seat includes: calculating the impact wear amount between the air valve and the valve seat based on the impact wear coefficient and the impact wear constant between the air valve and the valve seat, the impact wear coefficient and the impact wear constant are obtained by performing an impact wear test on a scaled model using a target valve mechanism; calculating the sliding wear amount between the air valve and the valve seat based on the sliding wear coefficient between the air valve and the valve seat, the sliding wear coefficient is obtained by performing a sliding wear test on a scaled model using a target valve mechanism; determining the wear amount between the air valve and the valve seat based on the impact wear amount and the sliding wear amount.
[0073] According to the embodiments of the present disclosure, impact wear testing was conducted using a target valvetrain and a scaled-down model. The test employed a temperature field consistent with normal operation of a large-bore engine. After the test, wear of the valves and valve seats on the scaled-down model was measured. At least three repeatable tests were performed to ensure stable and reproducible wear data.
[0074] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the formula for the impact wear amount is as follows:
[0075]
[0076] (2)
[0077]
[0078] W C is the impact wear, w c is the impact wear mass, K is the wear coefficient, N is the number of cycles, m is determined according to the mass of the valve in the valve mechanism, the mass of the valve follower in the valve mechanism and the mass of the first spring, v is the seating speed, n is the wear constant, and ρ is the material density of the mechanical structure of the valve and valve seat.
[0079] For example, m is the sum of the valve mass, the follower mass, and half the spring mass.
[0080] For example, the follower can be a spring lock clip, a spring upper seat, etc. in the valve mechanism. The follower can be determined according to the actual conditions of the actual valve mechanism, the air valve, and the valve seat.
[0081] The impact wear amount predicted by the impact wear formula for the scaled model is compared with the actual impact wear amount obtained from the impact wear test. The cause of any impact wear error is carefully analyzed. If the impact wear error does not meet the requirements, the wear coefficient K and wear constant n in the wear formula are corrected until they are within the error range. This results in a corrected impact wear formula. This corrected impact wear formula is used to calculate the impact wear between the valve and valve seat based on the mass of the valve and valve seat components.
[0082] According to the embodiments of the present disclosure, a sliding wear test is conducted using a scaled-down model. The test utilizes a second spring preload, a second cylinder pressure, and a temperature field consistent with normal operation of a large-bore engine. After the test, the sliding wear between the valve and valve seat in the scaled-down model is measured. At least three repeatable tests are performed to ensure stable and reproducible sliding wear data.
[0083] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the formula for sliding wear is as follows:
[0084] (3)
[0085] W H is the sliding wear, λ is the wear coefficient, P is the normal load, L is the sliding distance, and H is the material hardness of the mechanical structure. The sliding distance is obtained from the sliding stress finite element calculation. The first sliding distance is used for wear calculation of large-cylinder engines, while the second sliding distance is used for wear calculation of scaled models.
[0086] The sliding wear formula is used to calculate the predicted sliding wear of the scaled model and compare it with the actual sliding wear obtained from the sliding wear test. The cause of any sliding wear error is carefully analyzed. If the sliding wear error does not meet the requirements, the wear coefficient λ in the wear formula is corrected until it is within the error range. This results in a corrected sliding wear formula. This corrected sliding wear formula is used to calculate the sliding wear between the valve and valve seat based on factors such as the material hardness of the valve and valve seat.
[0087] (4)
[0088] Wear amount W Z It is equal to the sum of impact wear and sliding wear. The formula for calculating total wear can be obtained according to the revised formula.
[0089] Figure 3 The flowchart schematically shows a method for obtaining the amount of wear between a valve and a valve seat in an engine according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0090] like Figure 3 As shown, the method includes operations S301 to S314.
[0091] In operation S301 , structural parameters of a valve train of an engine and environmental parameters of valves and valve seats are acquired.
[0092] In operation S302 , the valve train dynamics is calculated to obtain a first seating force and a seating speed.
[0093] In operation S303 , a finite element calculation of thermal-mechanical coupling is performed on the gas valve and the valve seat to obtain impact stress, sliding stress, and a first sliding distance.
[0094] In operation S304 , a model reduction coefficient is determined, and the mechanical structure of the gas valve and the valve seat is reduced in proportion to obtain a reduced model.
[0095] In operation S305 , a finite element analysis is performed on the scaled model to obtain a second spring preload force, a second cylinder pressure, and a second slip distance corresponding to the scaled model.
[0096] In operation S306 , the temperature is ensured to be consistent with that of the large-bore engine, and a sliding wear test is performed on the scaled model with a second spring preload and a second cylinder pressure.
[0097] In operation S307 , the actual sliding wear amount of the scaled model is compared and analyzed with the sliding wear amount calculated by formula (3).
[0098] In operation S308 , it is determined whether the error of the sliding wear amount meets the requirement. If so, operation S316 is performed; if not, operation S309 is performed.
[0099] In operation S309 , the sliding wear coefficient is adjusted.
[0100] In operation S310, a second seating force corresponding to the scaled model is calculated using formula (1).
[0101] In operation S311 , the valve train is redesigned with the second spring preload, the seating speed, and the second seating force unchanged.
[0102] In operation S312 , the impact wear test is performed on the scaled model while ensuring that the temperature is consistent with that of the large-bore engine.
[0103] In operation S313 , the actual impact wear amount of the scaled model is compared with the impact wear amount calculated by formula (2).
[0104] In operation S314 , it is determined whether the error of the impact wear amount meets the requirement. If so, operation S316 is performed; if not, operation S315 is performed.
[0105] In operation S315 , the impact wear coefficient and the impact wear constant are adjusted.
[0106] In operation S316 , the wear amount between the valve and the valve seat in the engine is calculated according to formula (4).
[0107] By combining a wear formula with scaled-down model wear testing, a highly efficient and accurate formula for predicting valve-seat wear in large-bore engines has been developed. This method overcomes the significant errors caused by the lack of precision in traditional formulas and addresses the difficulty in finding test benches for large, high-load valve and seat wear. While reducing model testing costs and environmental requirements, it also improves the calculation accuracy of the wear formula, enabling precise prediction of valve-seat wear in large-bore engines.
[0108] Figure 4 A block diagram schematically shows a device for acquiring the amount of wear between a valve and a valve seat in an engine according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0109] like Figure 4 As shown, the device 400 for acquiring the wear amount between the gas valve and the valve seat in the engine includes an acquisition module 410, a first calculation module 420, a second calculation module 430, a finite element analysis module 440, a third calculation module 450, a redesign module 460 and a fourth calculation module 470.
[0110] The acquisition module 410 is used to obtain the structural parameters of the engine's valve train, and the environmental parameters of the valve and valve seat. The engine meets the preset size of the valve head diameter, and the valve train is used to drive the mechanical movement of the valve.
[0111] The first calculation module 420 is used to perform dynamic calculation on the valve train according to the structural parameters and the environmental parameters to obtain a first seating force and a seating velocity. The first seating force is the force generated when the valve hits the valve seat at the seating velocity.
[0112] The second calculation module 430 is used to perform finite element calculation on the valve and the valve seat according to the environmental parameters, structural parameters and seating speed to obtain the impact stress, sliding stress and the first sliding distance.
[0113] The finite element analysis module 440 is used to perform finite element analysis on the scaled model based on the impact stress and sliding stress meeting the preset conditions to obtain simulation parameters of the scaled model. The scaled model is obtained by proportionally reducing the mechanical structure of the gas valve and the valve seat.
[0114] The third calculation module 450 is used to calculate the second seating force of the scaled model based on the pressure equivalent mechanism according to the first seating force of the gas valve and the valve seat, the first force-bearing area and the second force-bearing area of the scaled model.
[0115] The redesign module 460 is used to redesign the valve mechanism according to the simulation parameters, the second seating force and the seating speed to obtain a target valve mechanism corresponding to the scaled model.
[0116] The fourth calculation module 470 is used to calculate the wear amount between the gas valve and the valve seat according to the wear parameters between the gas valve and the valve seat, where the wear parameters are obtained by performing a wear test on a scaled model using a target valve train.
[0117] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the wear parameters are obtained by performing a wear test on a scaled model using a target valve train.
[0118] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the structural parameters include the structural size, material and mass of the valve mechanism, and the environmental parameters include the temperature of the valve and the valve seat in the working state and the first cylinder pressure.
[0119] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the second calculation module 430 includes a first finite element calculation submodule. The first finite element calculation submodule is used to perform finite element calculation on the valve and valve seat based on temperature, seating velocity, first cylinder pressure, and first spring preload to obtain impact stress, sliding stress, and first sliding distance. The boundary conditions of the impact stress include temperature, gravity acceleration, first spring preload, and seating velocity. The boundary conditions of the sliding stress and the first sliding distance include temperature, gravity acceleration, first cylinder pressure, and first spring preload. The first spring preload is the preload of the first spring in the valve train.
[0120] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the preset condition is that the impact stress and the sliding stress remain unchanged and the boundary conditions of the impact stress and some boundary conditions of the sliding stress also remain unchanged, and the simulation parameters include the second spring preload corresponding to the impact stress, the second cylinder pressure corresponding to the sliding stress, and the second sliding distance.
[0121] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the redesign module 460 includes a redesign submodule for redesigning the valve train to obtain a target valve train corresponding to the scaled model while keeping the second spring preload, the second seating force, and the seating speed unchanged.
[0122] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the wear parameters include an impact wear coefficient, an impact wear constant, and a sliding wear coefficient; the fourth calculation module includes a first calculation submodule, a second calculation submodule, and a determination module. The first calculation submodule is used to calculate the impact wear amount between the gas valve and the valve seat based on the impact wear coefficient and the impact wear constant between the gas valve and the valve seat. The impact wear coefficient and the impact wear constant are obtained by performing an impact wear test on a scaled model using a target gas distribution structure. The second calculation submodule is used to calculate the sliding wear amount between the gas valve and the valve seat based on the sliding wear coefficient between the gas valve and the valve seat. The sliding wear coefficient is obtained by performing a sliding wear test on a scaled model using a target gas distribution structure. The determination module is used to determine the wear amount between the gas valve and the valve seat based on the impact wear amount and the sliding wear amount.
[0123] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the formula for the impact wear amount is shown in formula (2).
[0124] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the formula for the sliding wear amount is shown in formula (3).
[0125] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the formula of the pressure equivalent mechanism is shown in formula (1).
[0126] According to the embodiments of the present invention, any number of modules, sub-modules, units, and sub-units, or at least part of the functions of any number of them, can be implemented in one module. According to the embodiments of the present invention, any one or more of the modules, sub-modules, units, and sub-units can be split into multiple modules for implementation. According to the embodiments of the present invention, any one or more of the modules, sub-modules, units, and sub-units can be at least partially implemented as a hardware circuit, such as a field programmable gate array (FPGA), a programmable logic array (PLA), a system on a chip, a system on a substrate, a system on a package, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or can be implemented by hardware or firmware in any other reasonable way of integrating or packaging the circuit, or can be implemented in any one of the three implementation methods of software, hardware, and firmware, or in any appropriate combination of any of them. Alternatively, according to the embodiments of the present invention, one or more of the modules, sub-modules, units, and sub-units can be at least partially implemented as a computer program module, which can perform the corresponding functions when the computer program module is executed.
[0127] For example, any multiple of the fetch module 410, the first calculation module 420, the second calculation module 430, the finite element analysis module 440, the third calculation module 450, the redesign module 460, and the fourth calculation module 470 can be combined into one module / unit / sub-unit for implementation, or any one of these modules / units / sub-units can be split into multiple modules / units / sub-units. Alternatively, at least part of the functionality of one or more of these modules / units / sub-units can be combined with at least part of the functionality of other modules / units / sub-units and implemented in one module / unit / sub-unit. According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, at least one of the fetch module 410, the first computing module 420, the second computing module 430, the finite element analysis module 440, the third computing module 450, the redesign module 460, and the fourth computing module 470 may be at least partially implemented as a hardware circuit, such as a field programmable gate array (FPGA), a programmable logic array (PLA), a system on a chip, a system on a substrate, a system on a package, an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or may be implemented in hardware or firmware by any other reasonable means of circuit integration or packaging, or implemented in any one of software, hardware, and firmware, or in any appropriate combination of any of these. Alternatively, at least one of the fetch module 410, the first computing module 420, the second computing module 430, the finite element analysis module 440, the third computing module 450, the redesign module 460, and the fourth computing module 470 may be at least partially implemented as a computer program module, which, when executed, may perform the corresponding function.
[0128] It should be noted that the part of the device for obtaining the amount of wear between the air valve and the valve seat in the engine in the embodiment of the present disclosure corresponds to the part of the method for obtaining the amount of wear between the air valve and the valve seat in the engine in the embodiment of the present disclosure. The description of the part of the device for obtaining the amount of wear between the air valve and the valve seat in the engine specifically refers to the part of the method for obtaining the amount of wear between the air valve and the valve seat in the engine, which will not be repeated here.
[0129] Figure 5 A block diagram of an electronic device suitable for implementing a method for obtaining the amount of wear between a valve and a valve seat in an engine according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is schematically shown.
[0130] Figure 5 The electronic device shown is only an example and should not limit the functions and scope of use of the embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0131] like Figure 5As shown, the electronic device 500 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes a processor 501, which can perform various appropriate actions and processes according to a program stored in a read-only memory (ROM) 502 or a program loaded from a storage unit 508 into a random access memory (RAM) 503. The processor 501 may include, for example, a general-purpose microprocessor (e.g., a CPU), an instruction set processor and / or a related chipset and / or a special-purpose microprocessor (e.g., an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC)), etc. The processor 501 may also include onboard memory for caching purposes. The processor 501 may include a single processing unit or multiple processing units for performing different actions of the method flow according to the embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0132] Various programs and data required for the operation of the electronic device 500 are stored in the RAM 503. The processor 501, ROM 502, and RAM 503 are connected to each other via a bus 504. The processor 501 executes the various operations of the method flow according to the embodiment of the present disclosure by executing the programs in the ROM 502 and / or RAM 503. It should be noted that the programs may also be stored in one or more memories other than the ROM 502 and RAM 503. The processor 501 may also execute the various operations of the method flow according to the embodiment of the present disclosure by executing the programs stored in the one or more memories.
[0133] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, electronic device 500 may further include an input / output (I / O) interface 505, which is also connected to bus 504. Electronic device 500 may also include one or more of the following components connected to I / O interface 505: an input section 506 including a keyboard, mouse, etc.; an output section 507 including devices such as a cathode ray tube (CRT), liquid crystal display (LCD), and speakers; a storage section 508 including a hard disk; and a communication section 509 including a network interface card such as a LAN card or modem. Communication section 509 performs communication processing via a network such as the Internet. A drive 510 is also connected to I / O interface 505 as needed. Removable media 511, such as a magnetic disk, optical disk, magneto-optical disk, semiconductor memory, etc., is installed in drive 510 as needed, so that computer programs read from the removable media can be installed into storage section 508 as needed.
[0134] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the method flow according to an embodiment of the present disclosure can be implemented as a computer software program. For example, an embodiment of the present disclosure includes a computer program product, which includes a computer program carried on a computer-readable storage medium, and the computer program includes a program code for executing the method shown in the flowchart. In such an embodiment, the computer program can be downloaded and installed from the network through the communication part 509, and / or installed from the removable medium 511. When the computer program is executed by the processor 501, the above-mentioned functions defined in the system of the embodiment of the present disclosure are executed. According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the system, equipment, device, module, unit, etc. described above can be implemented by a computer program module.
[0135] The present disclosure also provides a computer-readable storage medium, which may be included in the device / apparatus / system described in the above embodiments, or may exist independently and not be incorporated into the device / apparatus / system. The computer-readable storage medium carries one or more programs, and when executed, implements the method according to the embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0136] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a computer-readable storage medium may be a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium. Examples include, but are not limited to, a portable computer disk, a hard disk, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), a portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination thereof. In the present disclosure, a computer-readable storage medium may be any tangible medium containing or storing a program that can be used by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.
[0137] For example, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the computer-readable storage medium may include the ROM 502 and / or the RAM 503 described above and / or one or more memories other than the ROM 502 and the RAM 503 .
[0138] An embodiment of the present disclosure also includes a computer program product, which includes a computer program containing program code for executing the method provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure. When the computer program product is run on an electronic device, the program code is used to enable the electronic device to implement the method for obtaining the amount of wear between the air valve and the valve seat in the engine provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0139] When the computer program is executed by the processor 501, the above functions defined in the system / device of the embodiment of the present disclosure are performed. According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the system, device, module, unit, etc. described above can be implemented by a computer program module.
[0140] In one embodiment, the computer program may be stored on a tangible storage medium such as an optical storage device or a magnetic storage device. In another embodiment, the computer program may be transmitted and distributed in the form of a signal on a network medium, downloaded and installed via the communication portion 509, and / or installed from a removable medium 511. The program code contained in the computer program may be transmitted using any appropriate network medium, including but not limited to wireless, wired, or any suitable combination thereof.
[0141] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the program code for executing the computer program provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure can be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. Specifically, these computer programs can be implemented using high-level procedural and / or object-oriented programming languages, and / or assembly / machine languages. Programming languages include, but are not limited to, languages such as Java, C++, Python, "C" or similar programming languages. The program code can be executed entirely on the user computing device, partially on the user device, partially on a remote computing device, or entirely on a remote computing device or server. In cases involving a remote computing device, the remote computing device can be connected to the user computing device through any type of network, including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN), or can be connected to an external computing device (for example, using an Internet service provider to connect via the Internet).
[0142] The flowcharts and block diagrams in the accompanying drawings illustrate the possible architectures, functions, and operations of the systems, methods, and computer program products according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. In this regard, each box in the flowchart or block diagram can represent a module, program segment, or part of the code, which contains one or more executable instructions for implementing the specified logical functions. It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions marked in the boxes can also occur in an order different from that marked in the accompanying drawings. For example, two boxes shown in succession can actually be executed substantially in parallel, and they can sometimes be executed in the opposite order, depending on the functions involved. It should also be noted that each box in the block diagram or flowchart, as well as the combination of boxes in the block diagram or flowchart, can be implemented using a dedicated hardware-based system that performs the specified functions or operations, or can be implemented using a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the features described in the various embodiments of the present disclosure can be combined and / or combined in various ways, even if such combinations or combinations are not explicitly described in the present disclosure. In particular, without departing from the spirit and teachings of the present disclosure, the features described in the various embodiments of the present disclosure may be combined and / or coupled in various ways, and all of these combinations and / or couplings fall within the scope of the present disclosure.
[0143] The above describes the embodiments of the present disclosure. However, these embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Although each embodiment has been described separately above, this does not mean that the measures in each embodiment cannot be advantageously used in combination. Without departing from the scope of the present disclosure, those skilled in the art may make various substitutions and modifications, which should all fall within the scope of the present disclosure.
Claims
1. A method for obtaining the wear amount between the gas valve and the valve seat in the engine, characterized in that: The method comprises: Obtaining structural parameters of a valve train of an engine, and environmental parameters of a valve and a valve seat, wherein the engine meets a preset valve head diameter, and the valve train is used to drive the mechanical movement of the valve; Performing dynamic calculation on the valve mechanism according to the structural parameters and the environmental parameters to obtain a first seating force and a seating speed, wherein the first seating force is a force generated when the valve hits the valve seat at the seating speed; Performing finite element calculation on the gas valve and the valve seat according to the environmental parameters, the structural parameters, and the seating speed to obtain impact stress, sliding stress, and a first sliding distance; Based on the impact stress and the sliding stress satisfying preset conditions, finite element analysis is performed on the scaled model to obtain simulation parameters of the scaled model, where the scaled model is obtained by proportionally reducing the mechanical structure of the gas valve and the valve seat; Based on a pressure equivalence mechanism, a second seating force of the scaled model is calculated according to the first seating force and the first force-bearing area of the gas valve and the valve seat and the second force-bearing area of the scaled model; redesigning the valve train according to the simulation parameters, the second seating force, and the seating speed to obtain a target valve train corresponding to the scaled model; The amount of wear between the gas valve and the valve seat is calculated based on wear parameters between the gas valve and the valve seat, wherein the wear parameters are obtained by performing a wear test on the scaled model using the target valve train.
2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The structural parameters include the structural dimensions, materials and mass of the valve mechanism, and the environmental parameters include the temperature of the valve and valve seat in a working state and the first cylinder pressure.
3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The performing of finite element calculation on the gas valve and the valve seat according to the environmental parameters, the structural parameters, and the seating speed to obtain the impact stress, the sliding stress, and the first sliding distance includes: Finite element calculation is performed on the valve and the valve seat based on the temperature, the seating speed, the first cylinder pressure and the first spring preload force to obtain the impact stress, the sliding stress and the first sliding distance. The boundary conditions of the impact stress include the temperature, the acceleration of gravity, the first spring preload force and the seating speed. The boundary conditions of the sliding stress and the first sliding distance include the temperature, the acceleration of gravity, the first cylinder pressure and the first spring preload force. The first spring preload force is the preload force of the first spring in the valve mechanism.
4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The preset condition is that the impact stress and the sliding stress remain unchanged and the boundary conditions of the impact stress and part of the boundary conditions of the sliding stress also remain unchanged, and the simulation parameters include a second spring preload corresponding to the impact stress, a second cylinder pressure corresponding to the sliding stress, and a second sliding distance.
5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The redesigning of the valve mechanism according to the simulation parameters, the second seating force, and the seating speed to obtain a target valve mechanism corresponding to the scaled model comprises: When the second spring preload force, the second seating force and the seating speed remain unchanged, the valve mechanism is redesigned to obtain the target valve mechanism corresponding to the scaled model.
6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The wear parameters include impact wear coefficient, impact wear constant and sliding wear coefficient; Calculating the amount of wear between the gas valve and the valve seat according to the wear parameters between the gas valve and the valve seat includes: calculating the impact wear amount between the gas valve and the valve seat according to the impact wear coefficient and the impact wear constant between the gas valve and the valve seat, wherein the impact wear coefficient and the impact wear constant are obtained by performing an impact wear test on the scaled model using the target valve structure; Calculating the amount of sliding wear between the valve and the valve seat according to the sliding wear coefficient between the valve and the valve seat, wherein the sliding wear coefficient is obtained by performing a sliding wear test on the scaled model using the target valve structure; The wear amount between the gas valve and the valve seat is determined based on the impact wear amount and the sliding wear amount.
7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that The formula for the impact wear amount is as follows: W C is the impact wear amount, w c is the impact wear mass, K is the wear coefficient, N is the number of cycles, m is determined according to the mass of the valve in the valve mechanism, the mass of the valve follower in the valve mechanism and the mass of the first spring, v is the seating speed, n is the wear constant, and ρ is the material density of the mechanical mechanism of the valve and the valve seat.
8. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that The formula for the sliding wear amount is as follows: W H is the sliding wear amount, λ is the wear coefficient, P is the normal load, L is the sliding distance, and H is the material hardness of the mechanical mechanism.
9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The formula for the pressure equivalent mechanism is as follows: F1 / A1=F2 / A2 F1 is the first seating force, A1 is the first contact area between the gas valve and the valve seat, F2 is the second seating force, and A2 is the second contact area between the scaled gas valve and the scaled valve seat in the scaled model.
10. A device for obtaining the amount of wear between a valve and a valve seat in an engine, characterized in that: The device comprises: an acquisition module, configured to acquire structural parameters of a valve train of an engine, and environmental parameters of a valve and a valve seat, wherein the engine has a valve head diameter that meets a preset size, and the valve train is configured to drive the mechanical movement of the valve; a first calculation module, configured to perform a dynamic calculation on the valve mechanism according to the structural parameters and the environmental parameters to obtain a first seating force and a seating speed, wherein the first seating force is a force generated when the valve hits the valve seat at the seating speed; a second calculation module, configured to perform finite element calculation on the gas valve and the valve seat according to the environmental parameters, the structural parameters, and the seating speed, to obtain impact stress, sliding stress, and a first sliding distance; a finite element analysis module, configured to perform finite element analysis on the scaled model based on the impact stress and the sliding stress satisfying preset conditions, to obtain simulation parameters of the scaled model, wherein the scaled model is obtained by proportionally reducing the mechanical structure of the gas valve and the valve seat; a third calculation module, configured to calculate, based on a pressure equivalence mechanism, a second seating force of the scaled model according to the first seating force and the first force-bearing area of the gas valve and the valve seat and the second force-bearing area of the scaled model; a redesign module, configured to redesign the valve mechanism according to the simulation parameters, the second seating force, and the seating speed, to obtain a target valve mechanism corresponding to the scaled model; A fourth calculation module is used to calculate the amount of wear between the gas valve and the valve seat based on wear parameters between the gas valve and the valve seat, wherein the wear parameters are obtained by performing a wear test on the scaled model using the target valve mechanism.
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