Broadband low-profile high-efficiency high-isolation antenna

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a broadband low-profile high-efficiency high-isolation antenna, which comprises a base, a radiation assembly and a plurality of first laminated structures, and is characterized in that the thickness direction of the base is a first direction; the radiation assembly is arranged on the base; the first laminated structure is arranged on the base, and the multiple laminated structures are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the radiation assembly; the first laminated structure comprises a plurality of first metal plates, and the first metal plates are arranged at intervals in the first direction. A plurality of first laminated structures are arranged, and each first laminated structure comprises a plurality of first metal plates which are arranged at intervals along the first direction. Therefore, the base and the first laminated structure provided with the plurality of first metal plates can provide more equivalent equipotential surfaces, so that more rotation-free electric fields are closed into rotation electric fields through the equivalent equipotential surfaces, and the antenna efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of antenna technology, and specifically relates to a broadband, low-profile, high-efficiency, and high-isolation antenna. Background Art

[0002] An antenna is a device that can convert electromagnetic waves, which can receive or transmit electromagnetic wave signals.

[0003] In the related art, the antenna includes a base and a radiation component disposed on the base, the radiation component is used to receive or transmit electromagnetic wave signals (hereinafter referred to as signals), and the base can provide an equivalent equipotential surface to close the irrotational electric field into a rotational electric field, thereby improving the antenna efficiency. However, the base is usually a flat plate structure, which can only provide one equivalent equipotential surface, resulting in low antenna efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present application aims to provide a broadband, low-profile, high-efficiency, high-isolation antenna to solve the problem that the base of the existing antenna can only provide one equivalent equipotential surface, resulting in low antenna efficiency.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, this application is implemented as follows:

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application discloses a broadband, low-profile, high-efficiency, high-isolation antenna, comprising: a base, a radiation component, and a plurality of first stacked structures, wherein the thickness direction of the base is a first direction;

[0007] The radiation component is arranged on the base;

[0008] The first stacked structure is disposed on the base, and a plurality of the first stacked structures are spaced apart along the circumference of the radiation component;

[0009] The first stacked structure includes a plurality of first metal plates, and the plurality of first metal plates are spaced apart along the first direction.

[0010] Optionally, the cross-section of the base perpendicular to the first direction is a rectangle, and the base includes a central area and four vertex areas located around the central area;

[0011] The radiation component is arranged in the central area;

[0012] Four first stacked structures are provided, and one first stacked structure is provided in one of the top corner regions.

[0013] Optionally, the first stacked structure further includes: a metal pillar extending along the first direction, wherein one end of the metal pillar close to the base is fixedly connected to the base, and one end of the metal pillar away from the base is fixedly connected to the plurality of first metal plates.

[0014] Optionally, the first metal plates have the same shape.

[0015] Optionally, the first metal plate is in the shape of an isosceles right triangle.

[0016] Optionally, the broadband, low-profile, high-efficiency, high-isolation antenna further includes: a plurality of second stacked structures, wherein the plurality of second stacked structures are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the radiation component and one second stacked structure is located between two adjacent first stacked structures.

[0017] Optionally, the second stacked structure includes: a plurality of second metal plates, the second metal plates are fixedly connected to the base and the plurality of second metal plates are distributed at intervals along the circumference of the base.

[0018] Optionally, the plurality of second metal plates have the same shape.

[0019] Optionally, the second metal plate is rectangular.

[0020] Optionally, the radiation component includes: a radio frequency connector, a feeding structure, a plurality of dielectric pads and a radiation sheet;

[0021] The feeding structure is arranged on the base, and the feeding structure is electrically connected to the RF connector;

[0022] The medium pad is arranged on the base, and a plurality of the medium pads are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the base;

[0023] A plurality of the radiation plates are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the base, one of the radiation plates is fixedly connected to one of the dielectric pads, and the radiation plate is electrically connected to the feeding structure.

[0024] Optionally, the feeding structure comprises: a feeding network and a feeding probe;

[0025] The feed network comprises an output end and an input end, wherein the input end is electrically connected to the RF connector;

[0026] The feeding probe comprises an input connection portion and an output connection portion, the input connection portion is electrically connected to the output end, and the output connection portion is electrically connected to the radiation sheet.

[0027] Optionally, the base includes a first surface and a second surface arranged away from each other along the first direction;

[0028] The feeding network includes a first feeding network and a second feeding network, one of the first feeding network and the second feeding network is disposed on the first surface, and the other of the first feeding network and the second feeding network is disposed on the second surface.

[0029] Optionally, the radiation sheet includes a first radiation sheet and a second radiation sheet;

[0030] The feeding probe comprises a first feeding probe and a second feeding probe;

[0031] The first feeding probe comprises a first input connection portion and a first output connection portion, the first input connection portion is electrically connected to the first feeding network, and the first output connection portion is electrically connected to the first radiation sheet;

[0032] The second feeding probe includes a second input connection portion and a second output connection portion, the second input connection portion is electrically connected to the second feeding network, and the second output connection portion is electrically connected to the second radiation plate.

[0033] Optionally, the first radiation sheet and the second radiation sheet have different shapes and / or sizes.

[0034] Optionally, the radiation sheet is arranged at an angle to the base.

[0035] Optionally, the input connection portion is a columnar connection portion, and the columnar connection portion extends along the first direction;

[0036] The output connection portion is a sheet-shaped connection portion, and the sheet-shaped connection portion is parallel to the radiation sheet.

[0037] Optionally, the broadband, low-profile, high-efficiency, high-isolation antenna further includes an isolation structure, which is fixedly connected to the base and disposed around at least a portion of the feeding probe.

[0038] Optionally, the isolation structure comprises: a first sleeve and a second sleeve, the second sleeve is sleeved on the first sleeve and has a gap with the first sleeve, and the feeding probe is inserted into the first sleeve.

[0039] Optionally, the medium pad is provided with a weight-reducing groove.

[0040] Optionally, the radiation component further includes: a parasitic sheet connected to a side of the dielectric spacer facing away from the base.

[0041] Optionally, a cross-shaped gap is opened in the middle area of ​​the parasitic sheet.

[0042] In the embodiment of the present application, since a plurality of first stacked structures are provided, and each first stacked structure includes a plurality of first metal plates spaced apart along the first direction, the base and the first stacked structure provided with a plurality of first metal plates can provide more equivalent equipotential surfaces, so that more irrotational electric fields are closed into rotational electric fields through equivalent equipotential surfaces, which is beneficial to improving antenna efficiency.

[0043] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description and in part will be obvious from the following description, or will be learned through practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and easily understood from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0045] Figure 1 It is a radiation principle diagram of a broadband, low-profile, high-efficiency, high-isolation antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0046] Figure 2 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of a broadband, low-profile, high-efficiency, high-isolation antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0047] Figure 3 This is the second structural schematic diagram of a broadband, low-profile, high-efficiency, high-isolation antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0048] Figure 4 This is the third structural schematic diagram of a broadband, low-profile, high-efficiency, high-isolation antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0049] Figure 5 This is the fourth structural schematic diagram of a broadband, low-profile, high-efficiency, high-isolation antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0050] Figure 6 This is the fifth structural schematic diagram of a broadband, low-profile, high-efficiency, high-isolation antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0051] Figure 7 It is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the base provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0052] Figure 8 This is the second structural schematic diagram of the base provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0053] Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the radiation sheet provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0054] Fig.10 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the medium pad provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0055] Fig.11 This is the second structural schematic diagram of the medium pad provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0056] Fig.12 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a parasitic sheet provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0057] Fig.13 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the feeding probe provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0058] Fig.14 This is the second structural schematic diagram of the feeding probe provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0059] Fig.15 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a feeding network provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0060] Fig.16 Schematic diagram of the impedance of the feeding network provided in the embodiment of the present application.

[0061] Figure numerals: 1. base, 11. first surface, 12. second surface, 13. isolation structure, 14. first stacked structure, 141. first metal plate, 142. metal pillar, 15. second stacked structure, 151. second metal plate, 2. radiation plate, 21. first radiation plate, 22. second radiation plate, 3. dielectric pad, 31. weight reduction groove, 32. mounting surface, 4. parasitic plate, 41. cross gap, 5. feeding structure, 51. feeding network, 511. first feeding network, 512. second feeding network, 52. feeding probe, 521. first feeding probe, 522. second feeding probe, 523. input connection part, 524. output connection part, X. first direction. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0062] Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0063] The term "first" or "second" in the specification and claims of the present application may include one or more of the features explicitly or implicitly. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more. In addition, "and / or" in the specification and claims means at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally means that the objects connected before and after are in an "or" relationship.

[0064] In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms “center”, “longitudinal”, “lateral”, “length”, “width”, “thickness”, “up”, “down”, “front”, “back”, “left”, “right”, “vertical”, “horizontal”, “top”, “bottom”, “inside”, “outside”, “clockwise”, “counterclockwise”, “axial”, “radial”, “circumferential”, etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0065] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0066] The embodiment of the present application provides a broadband, low-profile, high-efficiency, high-isolation antenna. The broadband, low-profile, high-efficiency, high-isolation antenna of the present application is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0067] Reference Figure 1 , showing a radiation principle diagram of a broadband, low-profile, high-efficiency, high-isolation antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application, referring to Figures 2 to 6 , showing a schematic diagram of the structure of a broadband, low-profile, high-efficiency, high-isolation antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application, with reference to Figures 7 and 8 , showing a schematic diagram of the structure of the base provided in the embodiment of the present application, referring to Fig. 9 , showing a schematic diagram of the structure of the radiation sheet provided in the embodiment of the present application, referring to Figure 10 to Figure 11 , showing a schematic diagram of the structure of the medium pad provided in the embodiment of the present application, referring to Fig.12 , showing a schematic diagram of the structure of the parasitic sheet provided in the embodiment of the present application, referring to Figure 13 to Figure 14 , showing a schematic diagram of the structure of the feeding probe provided in the embodiment of the present application, referring to Fig.15 , showing a schematic diagram of the structure of the feeding network provided in the embodiment of the present application, referring to Fig.16 , shows an impedance schematic diagram of the feeding network provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0068] like Figures 2 to 6As shown, the present application provides a broadband, low-profile, high-efficiency, high-isolation antenna, comprising: a base 1, a radiation component, and a plurality of first stacked structures 14, wherein the thickness direction of the base 1 is a first direction X; the radiation component is disposed on the base 1; the first stacked structure 14 is disposed on the base 1, and the plurality of stacked structures are spaced apart along the circumferential direction of the radiation component; wherein the first stacked structure 14 comprises a plurality of first metal plates 141, and the plurality of first metal plates 141 are spaced apart along the first direction X.

[0069] In the embodiment of the present application, a plurality of first laminated structures 14 are provided, and each first laminated structure 14 includes a plurality of first metal plates 141 spaced apart along the first direction X. In this way, the base 1 and the first laminated structure 14 provided with a plurality of first metal plates 141 can provide more equivalent equipotential surfaces, so that more irrotational electric fields are closed into rotational electric fields through equivalent equipotential surfaces, which is beneficial to improving antenna efficiency. It should be noted that the base 1 of the embodiment of the present application is made of metal, including but not limited to copper, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, etc. In one embodiment, the base 1 can be made of aluminum alloy 2A12 material.

[0070] In practical applications, such as Figure 1 As shown, according to the antenna radiation principle in Baranis' antenna theory, there is an equivalent equipotential surface at the intersection of the dipoles, which causes the wave to close, thereby breaking away from the constraints of the antenna to form radiation. The common antenna equivalent equipotential surface is the metal ground, that is, the base 1. Since the base 1 is a flat plate structure, it can only provide one equivalent equipotential surface, resulting in the inability to form more closed waves. In the embodiment of the present application, since a first stacked structure 14 is provided, and each first stacked structure 14 includes a plurality of first metal plates 141, that is, the base 1 and the first stacked structure 14 provided with a plurality of first metal plates 141 can provide more equivalent equipotential surfaces, so that the irrotational electric field that has not separated from the antenna is converted into a rotational electric field as much as possible, thereby improving the antenna efficiency under low-profile conditions.

[0071] In some optional embodiments of the present application, the cross-sectional shape of the base 1 perpendicular to the first direction X is rectangular, and the base 1 includes a central area and four vertex areas located around the central area; the radiation component is arranged in the central area; four first laminated structures 14 are arranged, and one first laminated structure 14 is arranged in one vertex area. In this way, through reasonable layout, on the one hand, the four first laminated structures 14 can be evenly distributed around the radiation component, thereby improving the symmetry of the antenna beam rotation. On the other hand, the space of the base 1 can be fully utilized, which is conducive to miniaturization of the antenna.

[0072] In some optional embodiments of the present application, the first stacked structure 14 also includes: a metal pillar 142 extending along the first direction X, the end of the metal pillar 142 close to the base 1 is fixedly connected to the base 1, and the end of the metal pillar 142 away from the base 1 is fixedly connected to multiple first metal plates 141.

[0073] In the embodiment of the present application, since a metal pillar 142 is provided, by fixing one end of the metal pillar 142 to the base 1 and the other end to the multiple first metal plates 141, reliable fixation of the multiple first metal plates 141 can be achieved, which is beneficial to improving the stability and reliability of the antenna.

[0074] It should be noted that the embodiment of the present application does not limit the number of first metal plates 141 and the distance between two adjacent first metal plates 141, and those skilled in the art can adjust according to actual needs. In one embodiment, a first stacked structure 14 includes four first metal plates 141, each of which is provided with a connection hole, and the metal pillar 142 is penetrated through the connection holes of the four first metal plates 141 and welded to the hole wall of the connection hole, thereby achieving a fixed connection between the four first metal plates 141 and the metal pillar 142.

[0075] In some optional embodiments of the present application, the shapes of the multiple first metal plates 141 are the same. In this way, since the shapes of the multiple first metal plates 141 are the same, on the one hand, the symmetry and consistency of the antenna structure can be enhanced, which is conducive to improving the directivity and gain of the antenna. On the other hand, the structure of the antenna can be simplified, which is conducive to reducing the processing difficulty and processing cost of the antenna.

[0076] It should be noted that the embodiment of the present application does not limit the shape of the first metal plate 141, and the sizes of multiple first metal plates 141 of the same shape can be the same or different, and those skilled in the art can adjust them according to actual needs. In one embodiment, the first metal plate 141 is an isosceles right triangle, so that the vertex area of ​​the base 1 can be more fully utilized, making the structure of the antenna more compact, which is conducive to further miniaturization of the antenna. Specifically, the first metal plate 141 includes two mutually perpendicular first edges, and the first edges are parallel to the edges of the base 1.

[0077] In some optional embodiments of the present application, the broadband low-profile high-efficiency high-isolation antenna further includes: a plurality of second laminated structures 15, the plurality of second laminated structures 15 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the radiation component and one second laminated structure 15 is located between two adjacent first laminated structures 14. Further, the second laminated structure 15 includes: a plurality of second metal plates 151, the second metal plates 151 are fixedly connected to the base 1 and the plurality of second metal plates 151 are distributed at intervals along the circumference of the base 1.

[0078] In the embodiment of the present application, a second stacked structure 15 is provided between two adjacent first stacked structures 14, and the second stacked structure 15 includes a plurality of second metal plates 151. In this way, not only can more equivalent equipotential surfaces be provided, which is beneficial to further improve the antenna efficiency, but also the space of the base 1 can be fully utilized, so that the antenna structure is compact, which is beneficial to further realize the miniaturization of the antenna.

[0079] It should be noted that the embodiment of the present application does not limit the number of second laminated structures 15, and those skilled in the art can adjust it according to actual needs. It is understandable that the number of second laminated structures 15 should be consistent with the number of first laminated structures 14. In one embodiment, four first laminated structures 14 and four second laminated structures 15 are respectively provided, and the four first laminated structures 14 are respectively provided at the four vertex areas of the base 1, and one second laminated structure 15 is provided between two adjacent first laminated structures 14. In addition, the embodiment of the present application does not limit the number of second metal plates 151 and the spacing between two adjacent second metal plates 151, and those skilled in the art can adjust it according to actual needs. In one embodiment, a second laminated structure 15 includes two second metal plates 151, and the two second metal plates 151 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the base 1 and are respectively welded to the base 1.

[0080] In some optional embodiments of the present application, the shapes of the plurality of second metal plates 151 are the same. Thus, since the shapes of the plurality of second metal plates 151 are the same, on the one hand, the symmetry and consistency of the antenna structure can be enhanced, which is beneficial to improving the directivity and gain of the antenna. On the other hand, the structure of the antenna can be simplified, which is beneficial to reducing the processing difficulty and processing cost of the antenna.

[0081] It should be noted that the embodiment of the present application does not limit the shape of the second metal plate 151, and the sizes of multiple second metal plates 151 of the same shape can be the same or different, and those skilled in the art can adjust according to actual needs. In one embodiment, the second metal plate 151 is rectangular, and the second metal plate 151 is parallel to the edge of the base 1.

[0082] In some optional embodiments of the present application, the radiation component includes: an RF connector, a feeding structure 5, a plurality of dielectric pads 3 and a radiation sheet 2; the feeding structure 5 is arranged on the base 1, and the feeding structure 5 is electrically connected to the RF connector; the dielectric pad 3 is arranged on the base 1, and a plurality of dielectric pads 3 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the base 1; a plurality of radiation sheets 2 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the base 1, one radiation sheet 2 is fixedly connected to one dielectric pad 3, and the radiation sheet 2 is electrically connected to the feeding structure 5. It should be noted that in the embodiments of the present application, "electrical connection" can be an electromagnetic coupling connection or an electrical connection, which is not limited here, and those skilled in the art can adjust it according to actual needs.

[0083] In the embodiment of the present application, since the radiation sheet 2 and the feeding structure 5 are provided, the radiation sheet 2 is electrically connected to the feeding structure 5, and the feeding structure 5 is electrically connected to the RF connector, so that the signal reception and transmission can be achieved. In addition, since the dielectric pad 3 is provided, the radiation sheet 2 can be reliably fixed by fixing the radiation sheet 2 to the dielectric pad 3.

[0084] In one embodiment, four dielectric pads 3 and four radiation sheets 2 are provided, and the four dielectric pads 3 are arranged at even intervals along the circumference of the base 1, and one radiation sheet 2 is fixedly connected to one dielectric pad 3. Specifically, threaded holes are provided at corresponding positions of the dielectric pad 3 and the radiation sheet 2, and reliable connection between the dielectric pad 3 and the radiation sheet 2 is achieved by the matching connection between the screws and the threaded holes.

[0085] In some optional embodiments of the present application, the feeding structure 5 includes: a feeding network 51 and a feeding probe 52; the feeding network 51 includes an output end and an input end, and the input end is electrically connected to the RF connector; the feeding probe 52 includes an input connection portion 523 and an output connection portion 524, the input connection portion 523 is electrically connected to the output end, and the output connection portion 524 is electrically connected to the radiation sheet 2. In this way, the energy of the feeding structure 5 can be effectively transmitted to the radiation sheet 2 by electrically connecting the input connection portion 523 of the feeding probe 52 to the output end of the feeding network 51, and by electrically connecting the output connection portion 524 of the feeding probe 52 to the radiation sheet 2.

[0086] It should be noted that the present embodiment does not limit the material of the feeding probe 52, and those skilled in the art can adjust it according to actual needs. In one embodiment, the feeding probe 52 is made of H62 brass with gold plating.

[0087] In some optional embodiments of the present application, the base 1 includes a first surface 11 and a second surface 12 disposed away from each other along a first direction X; the feeding network 51 includes a first feeding network 511 and a second feeding network 512, one of which is disposed on the first surface 11, and the other of which is disposed on the second surface 12. Further, the radiation sheet 2 includes a first radiation sheet 21 and a second radiation sheet 22; the feeding probe 52 includes a first feeding probe 521 and a second feeding probe 522; the first feeding probe 521 includes a first input connection portion 523 and a first output connection portion 524, the first input connection portion 523 is electrically connected to the first feeding network 511, and the first output connection portion 524 is electrically connected to the first radiation sheet 21; the second feeding probe 522 includes a second input connection portion 523 and a second output connection portion 524, the second input connection portion 523 is electrically connected to the second feeding network 512, and the second output connection portion 524 is electrically connected to the second radiation sheet 22. The first feeding network 511 is disposed between the base 1 and the dielectric spacer 3 .

[0088] In the embodiment of the present application, on the one hand, due to the provision of the first feeding network 511 and the second feeding network 512, two signals with equal amplitude and a phase difference of 180° can be output. On the other hand, since one of the first feeding network 511 and the second feeding network 512 is provided on the first surface 11, and the other is provided on the second surface 12, that is, the first feeding network 511 and the second feeding network 512 are provided at different heights, the isolation between the output ends of the two feeding networks 51 can be effectively increased. In addition, since the first feeding probe 521 and the second feeding probe 522 are provided, the first input connection portion 523 of the first feeding probe 521 is electrically connected to the first feeding network 511, the first output connection portion 524 is electrically connected to the first radiation plate 21, and the second input connection portion 523 of the second feeding probe 522 is electrically connected to the second feeding network 512, and the second output connection portion 524 is electrically connected to the second radiation plate 22, so that two signals with different polarization directions can be fed to the first radiation plate 21 and the second radiation plate 22 respectively, so that the antenna has a dual-polarization characteristic.

[0089] In one embodiment, the first feeding network 511 and the second feeding network 512 have the same structure, wherein the first feeding network 511 includes a first input terminal and two first output terminals, and the second feeding network 512 includes a second input terminal and two second output terminals; two first feeding probes 521 and two second feeding probes 522 are respectively provided, and the first input connection part 523 and the first output connection part 524 of a first feeding probe 521 are respectively electrically connected to a first output terminal and a first radiation plate 21, and the second input connection part 523 and the second output connection part 524 of a second feeding probe 522 are respectively electrically connected to a second output terminal and a second radiation plate 22, and the center lines of the two first feeding probes 521 and the center lines of the two second feeding probes 522 are perpendicular to each other.

[0090] In some optional embodiments of the present application, the first radiation sheet 21 and the second radiation sheet 22 have different shapes and / or sizes. That is, the boundary conditions of the first radiation sheet 21 and the second radiation sheet 22 are different, and the efficiency of the two ports can be optimized separately by optimizing the first radiation sheet 21 and the second radiation sheet 22 separately. In one embodiment, the first radiation sheet 21 and the second radiation sheet 22 have the same shape and different sizes, so that the first radiation sheet 21 and the second radiation sheet 22 have different boundary conditions.

[0091] In some optional embodiments of the present application, the radiation sheet 2 is arranged at an angle with the base 1. Specifically, the dielectric pad 3 includes a mounting surface 32, the mounting surface 32 is arranged at an angle with the first surface 11 of the base 1, and the radiation sheet 2 is attached to the mounting surface 32, so that the radiation sheet 2 and the base 1 are arranged at an angle.

[0092] In the embodiment of the present application, since the radiation sheet 2 is arranged at an angle with the base 1, that is, the radiation sheet 2 is arranged tilted relative to the base 1, the radiation sheet 2 can reduce the ability of the radiation sheet 2 to bind electromagnetic waves, and effectively expand the bandwidth. It should be noted that the embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific value of the angle, and those skilled in the art can adjust it according to actual needs.

[0093] In some optional embodiments of the present application, the input connection part 523 is a columnar connection part extending along the first direction X; the output connection part 524 is a sheet connection part parallel to the radiation sheet 2. That is, the columnar connection part and the sheet connection part are arranged at an angle.

[0094] In the embodiment of the present application, on the one hand, since the feeding network 51 is disposed on the surface of the base 1 (including the first surface 11 and the second surface 12), the surface of the base 1 is perpendicular to the first direction X, so that when the input connection portion 523 is a columnar connection portion extending along the first direction X, the feeding probe 52 is electrically connected to the feeding network 51. On the other hand, since the output connection portion 524 is a sheet-shaped connection portion and is parallel to the radiation sheet 2, the feeding probe 52 is electrically connected to the inclined radiation sheet 2.

[0095] Furthermore, first threaded holes are respectively provided at corresponding positions of the sheet-shaped connection part and the dielectric gasket, and the broadband low-profile high-efficiency high-isolation antenna further includes a first screw, and the feeding probe 52 can be fixed by the cooperation connection of the first screw and the first threaded hole. In addition, one end of the sheet-shaped connection part away from the columnar connection part is welded to the radiation sheet 2, so that the energy of the feeding network 51 can be reliably transmitted to the radiation sheet 2.

[0096] In some optional embodiments of the present application, the broadband low-profile high-efficiency high-isolation antenna further includes an isolation structure 13, which is fixedly connected to the base 1 and surrounds at least a portion of the feeding probe 52. Specifically, the isolation structure 13 includes: a first sleeve and a second sleeve, the second sleeve is sleeved in the first sleeve and has a gap with the first sleeve, and the feeding probe 52 is passed through the first sleeve.

[0097] In the embodiment of the present application, since an isolation structure 13 is provided, the isolation structure 13 includes a first sleeve and a second sleeve with a gap, and the feeding probe 52 is inserted into the first sleeve, so that a dual-conductor structure can be formed. In this way, the feeding probe 52 can be protected and the polarization isolation of the antenna can be improved.

[0098] It should be noted that the number of isolation structures 13 should be consistent with the number of feeding probes 52 and the positions should correspond. In addition, since the first feeding network 511 is arranged on the first surface 11 of the base 1, in order to realize the electrical connection between the output end of the first feeding network 511 and the first feeding probe 521 arranged inside the isolation structure 13, the corresponding peripheral walls of the first sleeve and the second sleeve are respectively provided with openings, thereby forming a C-type double sleeve structure, so that the output end of the first feeding network 511 extends to the inside of the first sleeve, and a reliable electrical connection between the first feeding network 511 and the first feeding probe 521 is realized. In addition, in order to avoid interference between the isolation structure 13 and the first feeding network 511, the first feeding network 511 is provided with a C-shaped groove at the corresponding position of the isolation structure 13, and the first sleeve and the second sleeve of the isolation structure 13 are both penetrated into the C-shaped groove.

[0099] In some optional embodiments of the present application, the dielectric spacer 3 is provided with a weight-reducing groove 31. In this way, the weight of the antenna can be reduced, which is conducive to the lightweight of the antenna.

[0100] In some optional embodiments of the present application, the radiation component further includes: a parasitic sheet 4, which is connected to the side of the dielectric pad 3 facing away from the base 1. In this way, since the parasitic sheet 4 is provided, the radiation sheet 2 couples energy to the parasitic sheet 4 for radiation, which can effectively reduce the antenna resonant frequency and antenna profile. In addition, the increase in coupling paths can also increase the equivalent equipotential surface, effectively increasing the antenna efficiency.

[0101] In practical applications, the parasitic sheet 4 is provided with a second threaded hole at the corresponding position of the dielectric pad 3, and the broadband low-profile high-efficiency high-isolation antenna further includes a second screw, and the second screw is connected with the second threaded hole, so that the parasitic sheet 4 can be reliably fixed to the dielectric pad 3. The dielectric pad 3, the feed network 51 and the base 1 are respectively provided with a third threaded hole at the corresponding position, and the broadband low-profile high-efficiency high-isolation antenna further includes a third screw, and the third screw is connected with the third threaded hole, so that the dielectric pad 3 and the feed network 51 can be reliably fixed to the base 1. In addition, in one embodiment, the radiation sheet 2, the feed network 51, the parasitic sheet 4 and the dielectric pad 3 are all made of Rogers 4350B plate.

[0102] In some optional embodiments of the present application, a cross-shaped gap 41 is provided in the middle area of ​​the parasitic sheet 4. In this way, the electromagnetic field distribution can be regulated, and the radiation efficiency and bandwidth characteristics of the radiation component are improved. It should be noted that the "middle area" in the embodiment of the present application refers to the area close to the center of the parasitic sheet 4.

[0103] In summary, the resonant frequency of the antenna is mainly constrained by the size of the radiation plate 2, the angle between the radiation plate 2 and the base 1, the size of the feeding probe 52, the size of the parasitic plate 4, the size of the cross gap and the height of the parasitic plate 4. The antenna efficiency is mainly constrained by the size of the first laminated structure 14, the second laminated structure 15 and the size of the isolation structure 13. In addition, after the optimized antenna efficiency reaches the maximum value, the resonant frequency of the antenna will shift. Therefore, it is only necessary to adjust the parameters that have a greater impact on the resonant frequency of the antenna first, so that the antenna resonates, and then adjust the parameters that have a greater impact on the efficiency. At this time, the frequency offset that occurs can be optimized again by fine-tuning the parameters that affect the resonant frequency.

[0104] Based on the above theory, a method for manufacturing a broadband, low-profile, high-efficiency, and high-isolation antenna according to an embodiment of the present application is provided below:

[0105] Step S1: Optimize the initial size of the first radiation plate 21 and the angle between it and the base 1, or the initial size of the second radiation plate 22 and the angle between it and the base 1, the initial size of the parasitic plate 4, the initial size of the cross-shaped gap 41, and the height of the parasitic plate 4 (i.e., the distance between the parasitic plate 4 and the first feeding network 511 or the second feeding network 512) to obtain a first optimized structure, so that the first optimized structure operates in the target resonant frequency band.

[0106] In general, for the design of the antenna, the simulation software is first used as the basis, and the relationship between the size and structure of each component is input for simulation testing. After the design requirements are met, the corresponding components are made with the obtained size and then installed and fixed to obtain the antenna required by the design. Based on this theory, it is first necessary to make the antenna work in the target resonant frequency band. For example, the target resonant frequency band is 690MHz~960MHz, so the initial size of the first radiation plate 21 and its angle with the base 1 or the initial size of the second radiation plate 22 and its angle with the base 1, the initial size of the parasitic plate 4, the initial size of the cross-shaped gap 41 and the height of the parasitic plate 4 (that is, the distance between the parasitic plate 4 and the first feeding network 511 or the second feeding network 512) are optimized to obtain a first optimized structure, so that the first optimized structure works at 690MHz~960MHz. A better simulation test software may be HFSS (High Frequency Structure Simu l ator, a three-dimensional electromagnetic simulation software launched by Ansoft). HFSS may be used to perform the initial size of the first radiation plate 21 and the angle between it and the base 1 or the initial size of the second radiation plate 22 and the angle between it and the base 1, the initial size of the parasitic plate 4, the initial size of the cross-shaped gap 41, and the height of the parasitic plate 4 (i.e., the distance between the parasitic plate 4 and the first feeding network 511 or the second feeding network 512) to obtain a first optimized structure.

[0107] Step S2: Based on the first optimized structure, the number, size and height of each layer of the first metal plates 141 of the first laminated structure 14 of the base 1 after the first optimization (i.e., the height of each first metal plate 141 relative to the first surface 11 of the base 1), as well as the number and size of the second metal plates 151 of the second laminated structure 15, and the size of the four isolation structures 13 (i.e., the first sleeve and the second sleeve) are optimized to obtain a second optimized structure, so that the efficiency and isolation of the second optimized structure reach the maximum value, and the operating frequency band of the second optimized structure is slightly biased towards the target resonant frequency band.

[0108] After obtaining the first optimized structure, the number, size and height of each layer of the first metal plate 141 of the first laminated structure 14 of the base 1 after the first optimization, as well as the number and size of the second metal plate 151 of the second laminated structure 15 and the size of the four isolation structures 13 are optimized for the second time to obtain the second optimized structure, so that the efficiency of the second optimized structure can reach the maximum value. Due to the characteristics of the antenna itself, when the efficiency reaches the maximum value, the resonant frequency of the antenna is offset, that is, the working frequency band of the second optimized structure is slightly biased towards the target resonant frequency band, so a third optimization is required.

[0109] Step S3: Based on the second optimized structure, the dimensions of the first radiating plate 21 or the second radiating plate 22 after the first optimization, the initial dimensions of the parasitic plate 4, the initial dimensions of the cross-shaped gap 41, the height of the parasitic plate 4 (i.e., the distance between the parasitic plate 4 and the first feeding network 511 or the second feeding network 512), and the diameter of the columnar connecting portion of the feeding probe 52 are optimized to obtain a third optimized structure, so that the efficiency of the third optimized structure reaches the maximum value, and the third optimized structure operates in the target resonant frequency band.

[0110] Step S4: Based on the center frequency of the target resonant frequency band, the thickness and dielectric constant of the dielectric spacer 3 , the impedance matching requirements and the feeding point position, the line width and line length of each microstrip line in the feeding network 51 are determined, thereby determining the size of the feeding network 51 .

[0111] The method for determining the impedance, line width and line length of the feed network 51 includes:

[0112] First, determine the center frequency of the feeding network 51 (determined based on the target frequency band); then determine the thickness and dielectric constant of the dielectric plate (which can be determined by conventional means); finally, match the input port and output port impedance to 50Ω.

[0113] With an initial value of 50Ω impedance, line width and line length, after optimization through HFSS simulation test, the line width and line length of each microstrip line can be obtained according to the center frequency, the thickness of the dielectric plate, the dielectric constant of the dielectric plate, the input impedance, the output impedance and the feeding point position (i.e., the position where the feeding probe 52 is connected to the feeding network 51).

[0114] Assume that the center frequency of the feed network 51 is set at 825MHz, and the sweep frequency range is: 690MHz~960MHz, combined with Fig.15 The schematic diagram of the structure of the feeding network 51 shown in FIG. Fig.16 From the impedance diagram of the feeding network 51 shown, it can be seen that:

[0115] The input signal of the input end of the feed network 51 is divided into two paths through the Wilkins power divider. The resistor R is an absorption resistor, which increases the isolation of the port and reduces the cross polarization of the antenna. The two signals output by the Wilkins power divider produce a 180° phase difference through a 180° phase shifter. It is designed on Rogers board RO4350B with a thickness of 0.762mm and a dielectric constant of 3.66.

[0116] The impedance values, line widths and line lengths of the feed network 51 are:

[0117] λg=216.6mm

[0118] Z1 = 70.71Ω, microstrip line width 0.85mm;

[0119] Z2 = 63Ω, microstrip line width 1mm;

[0120] Z3 = 81Ω, microstrip line width 0.6mm;

[0121] Z4=50Ω, microstrip line width 1.6mm.

[0122] The above values ​​are set as initial values. After optimization through HFSS simulation test, the actual line width and line length of each microstrip line are obtained according to the index requirements and the feeding point position.

[0123] The above process of determining the actual line width and line length of each section of microstrip line can be implemented by referring to conventional technology and will not be elaborated in detail.

[0124] The optimized first feeding network 511 and the second feeding network 512 are completely identical, but are respectively mounted on the first surface 11 and the second surface 12 of the base 1. After the feeding network 51 is mounted on the base 1, the antenna frequency and efficiency change, which is caused by the impedance mismatch after the antenna radiator is added with the feeding network 51.

[0125] Step S5: Based on the third optimized structure, after assembling the optimized feeding network 51, the first radiating plate 21 or the first optimized size of the first radiating plate 21, the initial size of the parasitic plate 4, the initial size of the cross-shaped gap 41, the height of the parasitic plate 4 (i.e., the distance between the parasitic plate 4 and the first feeding network 511 or the second feeding network 512), and the diameter of the columnar connecting portion of the feeding probe 52 are optimized. It should be noted that since the first feeding network 511 and the feeding network 51 are respectively assembled on the first surface 11 and the second surface 12 of the base 1, 12. The two first radiating plates 21 are distributed along the diagonal of the base 1, and the two first radiating plates 21 are electrically connected to the two first output ends of the first feeding network 511, respectively. The two second radiating plates 22 are distributed along the diagonal of the base 1, and the two second radiating plates 22 are electrically connected to the two second output ends of the second feeding network 512, respectively. Due to different boundary conditions, the first radiating plates 21 and the second radiating plates 22 can be optimized separately to obtain a fourth optimized structure, so that the efficiency of the fourth optimized structure reaches the maximum value, and the fourth optimized structure operates in the target resonant frequency band.

[0126] In this way, the size of the first radiation plate 21 and its angle with the base 1 or the size of the second radiation plate 22 and its angle with the base 1, the size of the parasitic plate 4, the size of the cross-shaped gap 41 and the height of the parasitic plate 4 (i.e., the distance between the parasitic plate 4 and the first feeding network 511 or the second feeding network 512), the number, size and height of each layer of the first metal plates 141 of the first stacked structure 14 (i.e., the height of each first metal plate 141 relative to the first surface 11 of the base 1), and the number and size of the second metal plates 151 of the second stacked structure 15, as well as the size of the four isolation structures 13 (i.e., the first sleeve and the second sleeve), and the diameter of the columnar connecting portion of the feeding probe 52 can be finally determined. The height of the parasitic plate 4 is determined, that is, the height of the dielectric pad 3 is determined, so all parameters are determined. The broadband, low-profile, high-efficiency and high-isolation antenna of the embodiment of the present application can be obtained by manufacturing and assembling based on the above parameters. After testing, the broadband, low-profile, high-efficiency, high-isolation antenna of the embodiment of the present application has an operating frequency band covering 690MHz to 960MHz, and the total antenna efficiency is greater than 85%, and the isolation is less than -20dB, which is extremely practical.

[0127] In summary, the broadband, low-profile, high-efficiency, and high-isolation antenna provided by the embodiments of the present application has at least the following advantages:

[0128] In the embodiment of the present application, since a plurality of first stacked structures are provided, and each first stacked structure includes a plurality of first metal plates spaced apart along the first direction, the base and the first stacked structure provided with a plurality of first metal plates can provide more equivalent equipotential surfaces, so that more irrotational electric fields are closed into rotational electric fields through equivalent equipotential surfaces, which is beneficial to improving antenna efficiency.

[0129] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "illustrative embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0130] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A broadband, low-profile, high-efficiency, high-isolation antenna, characterized in that: include: A base, a radiation component and a plurality of first stacked structures, wherein the thickness direction of the base is a first direction; The radiation component is arranged on the base; The first stacked structure is disposed on the base, and a plurality of the first stacked structures are spaced apart along the circumference of the radiation component; The first stacked structure includes a plurality of first metal plates, and the plurality of first metal plates are spaced apart along the first direction.

2. The broadband, low-profile, high-efficiency, high-isolation antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross-section of the base perpendicular to the first direction is a rectangle, and the base includes a central area and four vertex areas located around the central area; The radiation component is arranged in the central area; Four first stacked structures are provided, and one first stacked structure is provided in one of the top corner regions.

3. The broadband, low-profile, high-efficiency, high-isolation antenna according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The first stacked structure further includes: a metal pillar extending along the first direction, wherein one end of the metal pillar close to the base is fixedly connected to the base, and one end of the metal pillar away from the base is fixedly connected to the plurality of first metal plates.

4. The broadband, low-profile, high-efficiency, high-isolation antenna according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The first metal plates have the same shape.

5. The broadband, low-profile, high-efficiency, high-isolation antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first metal plate is in the shape of an isosceles right triangle.

6. The broadband, low-profile, high-efficiency, high-isolation antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The broadband, low-profile, high-efficiency, high-isolation antenna further includes: a plurality of second stacked structures, wherein the plurality of second stacked structures are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the radiation component and one second stacked structure is located between two adjacent first stacked structures.

7. The broadband, low-profile, high-efficiency, high-isolation antenna according to claim 6, characterized in that: The second stacked structure includes: a plurality of second metal plates, the second metal plates are fixedly connected to the base and the plurality of second metal plates are distributed at intervals along the circumference of the base.

8. The broadband, low-profile, high-efficiency, high-isolation antenna according to claim 7, characterized in that: The plurality of second metal plates have the same shape.

9. The broadband, low-profile, high-efficiency, high-isolation antenna according to claim 8, characterized in that: The second metal plate is rectangular.

10. The broadband, low-profile, high-efficiency, high-isolation antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radiation component includes: a radio frequency connector, a feeding structure, a plurality of dielectric pads and a radiation sheet; The feeding structure is arranged on the base, and the feeding structure is electrically connected to the RF connector; The medium pad is arranged on the base, and a plurality of the medium pads are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the base; A plurality of the radiation plates are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the base, one of the radiation plates is fixedly connected to one of the dielectric pads, and the radiation plate is electrically connected to the feeding structure.

11. The broadband, low-profile, high-efficiency, high-isolation antenna according to claim 10, characterized in that: The feeding structure comprises: a feeding network and a feeding probe; The feed network comprises an output end and an input end, wherein the input end is electrically connected to the RF connector; The feeding probe comprises an input connection portion and an output connection portion, the input connection portion is electrically connected to the output end, and the output connection portion is electrically connected to the radiation sheet.

12. The broadband, low-profile, high-efficiency, high-isolation antenna according to claim 11, characterized in that: The base comprises a first surface and a second surface which are arranged away from each other along the first direction; The feeding network includes a first feeding network and a second feeding network, one of the first feeding network and the second feeding network is disposed on the first surface, and the other of the first feeding network and the second feeding network is disposed on the second surface.

13. The broadband, low-profile, high-efficiency, high-isolation antenna according to claim 12, characterized in that: The radiation sheet includes a first radiation sheet and a second radiation sheet; The feeding probe comprises a first feeding probe and a second feeding probe; The first feeding probe comprises a first input connection portion and a first output connection portion, the first input connection portion is electrically connected to the first feeding network, and the first output connection portion is electrically connected to the first radiation sheet; The second feeding probe includes a second input connection portion and a second output connection portion, the second input connection portion is electrically connected to the second feeding network, and the second output connection portion is electrically connected to the second radiation plate.

14. The broadband, low-profile, high-efficiency, high-isolation antenna according to claim 13, characterized in that: The first radiation plate and the second radiation plate have different shapes and / or sizes.

15. The broadband, low-profile, high-efficiency, high-isolation antenna according to any one of claims 11 to 14, characterized in that: The radiation sheet is arranged at an angle to the base.

16. The broadband, low-profile, high-efficiency, high-isolation antenna according to claim 15, characterized in that: The input connection portion is a columnar connection portion, and the columnar connection portion extends along the first direction; The output connection portion is a sheet-shaped connection portion, and the sheet-shaped connection portion is parallel to the radiation sheet.

17. The broadband, low-profile, high-efficiency, high-isolation antenna according to any one of claims 11 to 14, characterized in that: The broadband, low-profile, high-efficiency, high-isolation antenna further includes an isolation structure, which is fixedly connected to the base and disposed around at least a portion of the feeding probe.

18. The broadband, low-profile, high-efficiency, high-isolation antenna according to claim 17, characterized in that: The isolation structure comprises: a first sleeve and a second sleeve, wherein the second sleeve is sleeved on the first sleeve and has a gap with the first sleeve, and the feeding probe is passed through the first sleeve.

19. The broadband, low-profile, high-efficiency, high-isolation antenna according to any one of claims 10 to 14, characterized in that: The medium cushion block is provided with a weight-reducing groove.

20. The broadband, low-profile, high-efficiency, high-isolation antenna according to any one of claims 10 to 14, characterized in that: The radiation component further includes a parasitic sheet connected to a side of the dielectric spacer facing away from the base.

21. The broadband, low-profile, high-efficiency, high-isolation antenna according to claim 20, characterized in that: A cross-shaped gap is formed in the middle area of ​​the parasitic sheet.

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