Antenna and electronic equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of microwave antennas, in particular to an antenna and electronic equipment. The invention provides an antenna. The antenna comprises a feed unit and a plurality of branches, the feed unit is provided with a plurality of coupling points, the plurality of coupling points are in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of branches, and the branches are electromagnetically coupled with the feed unit through the coupling points; a gap is formed between every two adjacent branches; the plurality of branches are provided with independent grounding points for grounding. According to the antenna, local SAR hot spots are reduced, ultra-wideband coverage and low SAR are achieved without depending on an SAR sensor and a tuner and switching circuits, multi-band superposition can be flexibly supported, the cost is low, different band requirements can be met by adjusting branch parameters, and the performance expansibility is good. According to the design, multi-band coverage can be realized, and the antenna performance, the SAR value standard and low cost can be considered in a compact space by controlling the SAR value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of microwave antennas, and in particular to an antenna and electronic equipment. Background Art

[0002] In order to avoid the harm of electromagnetic radiation generated by electronic equipment to human health, the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) and the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) have established limits on the specific absorption rate (SAR) of mobile communication equipment. The US standard is: the specific absorption rate of 1 gram of biological tissue is ≤1.6W / kg; the EU standard is: the specific absorption rate of 10 grams of biological tissue is ≤2.0W / kg.

[0003] The conventional solutions to the problem of excessive SAR values ​​in the prior art are mainly to reduce the output power in software scenarios or to reduce the output power through sensor induction triggering to meet the SAR value standard. However, both methods will affect the actual performance of the antenna and user experience, and the solution of using SAR sensors to reduce SAR will lead to increased costs and affect product competitiveness.

[0004] At present, the competition for terminal electronic consumer products is fierce, and the requirements for appearance and functional integration are getting higher and higher, and the space layout is becoming more and more compact. Therefore, the antenna layout environment is getting worse and worse, and the flexibility of antenna solutions is also limited by space constraints. Therefore, how to balance antenna performance, SAR value standards and low cost in a compact structure space has become a difficulty in antenna design. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide an antenna and an electronic device to simultaneously meet the requirements of ultra-wideband and low SAR value in a compact space.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides an antenna, the antenna of the present invention comprises a feeding unit and a plurality of branches;

[0007] The feed unit is provided with a plurality of coupling points, the plurality of coupling points correspond to the plurality of branches one by one, and the branches are electromagnetically coupled to the feed unit through the coupling points;

[0008] There is a gap between two adjacent branches;

[0009] The plurality of branches have independent grounding points for grounding.

[0010] Furthermore, the feed unit is provided with a plurality of slots to form a plurality of coupling points, one end of the branch is a coupling end and is inserted into the slot, and a coupling distance is provided between the coupling end and an inner wall surface of the slot.

[0011] Furthermore, the coupling interval is 0.2-0.7 mm.

[0012] Furthermore, the gap between two adjacent branches is 0.7-1.3 mm.

[0013] Furthermore, the plurality of branches include at least one of a low-frequency branch, a medium-frequency branch and a high-frequency branch.

[0014] Furthermore, the plurality of branches include low-frequency branches, medium-frequency branches and high-frequency branches.

[0015] Furthermore, the frequency band covered by the low-frequency branch includes 700-960 MHz, and the frequency band covered by the medium-frequency branch and the high-frequency branch includes 1710-2700 MHz.

[0016] Furthermore, the plurality of branches include three low-frequency branches, one medium-frequency branch and two high-frequency branches.

[0017] Furthermore, three coupling points are respectively arranged on both sides of the feed unit, wherein the three coupling points on one side are coupled with the three low-frequency branches respectively, and the three coupling points on the other side are coupled with one intermediate-frequency branch and two high-frequency branches, and the two high-frequency branches are arranged adjacent to each other.

[0018] The present invention also provides an electronic device, comprising the antenna as described in any one of the above technical solutions.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0020] This application proposes an antenna with a multi-branch coupling structure. Specifically, each branch covers a different frequency band and is coupled with a feed unit by electromagnetic coupling. Multiple coupling points and multiple independent grounding points are set. The spatial dispersion field strength is used to optimize the current distribution, and the electromagnetic energy is dispersed to multiple branches, thereby reducing local SAR hot spots. It does not rely on SAR sensors and tuners, and does not require switching circuits. It achieves ultra-wideband coverage and low SAR, and can flexibly support multi-band superposition at a low cost. It can also adapt to different frequency band requirements by adjusting branch parameters, and has good performance scalability. This design can not only achieve multi-band coverage, but also control the SAR value, thereby taking into account antenna performance, SAR value standards and low cost in a compact space. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of an antenna of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is an S11 waveform effect diagram of one embodiment of the antenna of the present application;

[0023] Figure 3This is the S11 waveform effect diagram of a conventional antenna;

[0024] Figure 4 This is the simulation diagram of the field strength of a conventional antenna in the B41 frequency band;

[0025] Figure 5 A simulation diagram of the field strength of one embodiment of the antenna of the present application in the B41 frequency band;

[0026] Figure 6 This is the simulation diagram of the field strength of a conventional antenna in the B40 frequency band;

[0027] Figure 7 A simulation diagram of the field strength of one embodiment of the antenna of the present application in the B40 frequency band;

[0028] Figure 8 This is the simulation diagram of the field strength of a conventional antenna in the B1 frequency band;

[0029] Fig. 9 A simulation diagram of the field strength of one embodiment of the antenna of the present application in the B1 frequency band;

[0030] Fig.10 This is the simulation diagram of the field strength of a conventional antenna in the B3 frequency band;

[0031] Fig.11 A simulation diagram of the field strength of one embodiment of the antenna of the present application in the B3 frequency band;

[0032] Fig.12 This is the simulation diagram of the field strength of a conventional antenna in the B8 frequency band;

[0033] Fig.13 This is a simulation diagram of the field strength of one embodiment of the antenna of the present application in the B8 frequency band.

[0034] Reference numerals:

[0035] 1. Feed unit; 2. Coupling point; 3. Grounding point; 4. Main board; 5. First low-frequency branch; 6. Second low-frequency branch; 7. Third low-frequency branch; 8. Intermediate-frequency branch; 9. First high-frequency branch; 10. Second high-frequency branch; 11. Gap. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The antenna and electronic device of the present invention will be described below in conjunction with schematic diagrams, wherein preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown. It should be understood that those skilled in the art can modify the present invention described herein while still achieving the advantageous effects of the present invention. Therefore, the following description should be understood as being widely known to those skilled in the art, and not as a limitation of the present invention.

[0037] The serial numbers of the components herein, such as "first", "second", etc., are only used to distinguish the objects described and do not have any order or technical meaning. The "connection" and "coupling" mentioned in this application, unless otherwise specified, include direct and indirect connections (couplings). In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation to the present invention.

[0038] The present invention is described in more detail in the following paragraphs by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings. The advantages and features of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description and claims. It should be noted that the drawings are in very simplified form and in non-precise proportions, and are only used to facilitate and clearly assist in illustrating the purpose of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0039] Below is the accompanying drawing of the specification Figures 1 to 13 The antenna and electronic equipment according to the present invention are described.

[0040] In order to solve the technical problem of antenna performance and SAR value standard in a compact space, the present application proposes an antenna, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes a feeding unit 1 and multiple branches. Multiple coupling points 2 are set on the feeding unit 1 to correspond to the branches for electromagnetic coupling. Signal transmission is achieved through electromagnetic coupling. Gaps 11 are set between adjacent branches, and each branch has an independent grounding point 3.

[0041] Among them, the feed unit 1 refers to the part of the antenna used to provide electromagnetic energy, which can be implemented by microstrip lines, coaxial lines or other suitable transmission line structures. The branch refers to the radiating element extending from the feed unit 1, which can be implemented by a radiating structure made of metal strips, metal sheets or other conductive materials. The coupling point 2 refers to the position where electromagnetic energy is transferred between the feed unit 1 and the branch, which can be implemented by openings, gaps or other forms of electromagnetic field coupling structures. The gap 11 refers to the gap between adjacent branches, which can be implemented by appropriate distance separation. The grounding point 3 refers to the position where the branch is connected to the mainboard 4 of the electronic device, which can be implemented by welding, bolting or other electrical connection methods.

[0042] The core innovation of this application is to propose an antenna with a multi-branch coupling structure. Specifically, each branch covers a different frequency band and is coupled with a feed unit 1 by electromagnetic coupling. Multiple coupling points 2 and multiple independent grounding points 3 are set. The spatially dispersed field strength is used to optimize the current distribution, and the electromagnetic energy is dispersed to multiple branches, thereby reducing local SAR hot spots. It does not rely on SAR sensors and tuners, and does not require switching circuits. It achieves ultra-wideband coverage and low SAR, and can flexibly support multi-band superposition at a low cost. It can also adapt to different frequency band requirements by adjusting branch parameters, and has good performance scalability. This design can not only achieve multi-band coverage, but also control the SAR value, thereby taking into account antenna performance, SAR value standards and low cost in a compact space.

[0043] The design of the coupling point 2 determines the efficiency of energy transmission from the feed unit 1 to the branch. By adjusting the shape and size of the coupling point 2, energy transmission can be optimized and antenna efficiency can be improved. The gap 11 between adjacent branches helps to reduce mutual interference between branches and improve the independence of each frequency band. The size of the gap 11 needs to be carefully designed, which should be large enough to reduce interference, but not too large to avoid wasting space.

[0044] The number and size of branches can be designed according to the frequency bands to be covered. For example, longer branches can be designed for low frequency bands and shorter branches for high frequency bands. By properly arranging the position and shape of branches, multi-band coverage can be achieved in a limited space.

[0045] The advantage of this design is that it can flexibly adapt to different frequency band requirements and space constraints by adjusting the parameters of each component. For example, the operating frequency band can be adjusted by changing the length of the branch, the energy transmission efficiency can be optimized by adjusting the position of the coupling point 2, and the SAR value can be controlled by adjusting the position of the grounding point 3.

[0046] The antenna involved in the embodiments of the present application can be applied to electronic devices with wireless communication functions, which may be handheld devices, vehicle-mounted devices, wearable devices, computing devices, or other processing devices connected to a wireless modem, as well as various forms of user equipment (UE), such as mobile phones, mobile stations (MS), etc.

[0047] As a preferred embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, the antenna of the present application can be implemented as follows:

[0048] The feeding unit 1 adopts a microstrip line structure and is made of copper. Three coupling points 2 are respectively arranged on both sides of the microstrip line.

[0049] The branches are made of copper sheets, and a total of six branches are provided, including three low-frequency branches, one medium-frequency branch 8 and two high-frequency branches. The three low-frequency branches are respectively the first low-frequency branch 5, the second low-frequency branch 6 and the third low-frequency branch 7, and the two high-frequency branches are respectively the first high-frequency branch 9 and the second high-frequency branch 10.

[0050] There is a gap 11 between adjacent branches, and one end of each branch is connected to a mainboard 4 of the electronic device to form an independent grounding point 3 .

[0051] The low frequency branch is arranged on one side of the feed unit 1, and the medium frequency and high frequency branches are arranged on the other side. By adjusting the specific position and shape of the branches, the frequency band coverage of 700-960MHz and 1710-2700MHz can be achieved.

[0052] In practical applications, the above parameters can be appropriately adjusted according to the specific device size and performance requirements to obtain the best antenna performance and SAR value control effect.

[0053] In some of the above embodiments, in order to achieve effective electromagnetic coupling between the feed unit 1 and the branch, a plurality of slots are provided on the feed unit 1 to form a plurality of coupling points 2, one end of the branch is a coupling end and is inserted into the slot, and there is a coupling distance between the coupling end and the inner wall surface of the slot.

[0054] The slot design can be in many forms, such as rectangular, circular or other geometric shapes. The size and shape of the slot can be optimized according to the specific frequency requirements and coupling effect. The size of the coupling spacing is also a key parameter, which directly affects the coupling effect. Too small spacing may cause short circuits, while too large spacing may reduce coupling efficiency.

[0055] Furthermore, the design of the coupling end can also have multiple variations. For example, the coupling end can be a simple straight line, or it can be designed into a specific shape to increase the coupling area. The material selection of the coupling end will also affect the coupling effect, and metal materials with good electrical conductivity are usually selected.

[0056] This design not only solves the electromagnetic coupling problem between the feed unit 1 and the branch, but also provides a flexible adjustment mechanism. By adjusting the size, shape and coupling spacing of the slot, the performance of the antenna can be optimized to adapt to different frequency requirements and application scenarios. For example, for frequency bands that require stronger coupling, the coupling spacing can be reduced; for frequency bands that require weaker coupling, the coupling spacing can be increased.

[0057] As a preferred embodiment, the coupling spacing can be set in the range of 0.2-0.7 mm, and the selection of this range can provide a good coupling effect in most application scenarios and achieve a low SAR value. Specifically, the coupling spacing can be set in the range of 0.3-0.6 mm, for example, 0.3 mm, 0.5 mm or 0.6 mm.

[0058] In some of the above embodiments, in order to reduce mutual interference between branches and optimize antenna performance, a gap 11 is provided between two adjacent branches, and the gap 11 is 0.7-1.3 mm.

[0059] Specifically, the gap 11 can be set in the range of 0.6-1.2 mm, for example, it can be 0.6 mm, 0.8 mm or 1.2 mm.

[0060] In practical applications, the size of the gap 11 can be fine-tuned according to the specific antenna size and operating frequency band. For example, for branches operating in a lower frequency band, a gap 11 in the range of 1.0-1.3 mm can be selected to further reduce mutual interference. For branches operating in a higher frequency band, a gap 11 in the range of 0.7-1.0 mm can be selected to maximize space utilization while ensuring isolation.

[0061] In some of the above embodiments, in order to achieve multi-band coverage in a limited space, the plurality of branches include at least one of a low-frequency branch, a medium-frequency branch and a high-frequency branch.

[0062] Among them, the low frequency branch can cover the lower frequency band, the medium frequency branch covers the medium frequency band, and the high frequency branch covers the higher frequency band. The multiple branches can include only any one of the low frequency branch, the medium frequency branch and the high frequency branch, or any two of the low frequency branch, the medium frequency branch and the high frequency branch, or all of the low frequency branch, the medium frequency branch and the high frequency branch to cover more frequency bands.

[0063] Furthermore, the antenna design of the present application can adapt to different frequency band requirements by adjusting the number, size and shape of branches. For example, three low-frequency branches, one medium-frequency branch and two high-frequency branches can be designed to cover a wider frequency range. The low-frequency branch can cover the frequency band of 700-960MHz, while the medium-frequency branch and the high-frequency branch can cover the frequency band of 1710-2700MHz.

[0064] The design of the coupling point 2 on the feed unit 1 can also be flexibly adjusted. For example, three coupling points 2 can be set on both sides of the feed unit 1, wherein the three coupling points 2 on one side are coupled with three low-frequency branches, and the three coupling points 2 on the other side are coupled with one medium-frequency branch and two high-frequency branches, and the two high-frequency branches are arranged adjacent to each other. This layout can effectively utilize limited space while ensuring the performance of each frequency band.

[0065] Among them, the low-frequency branch can be designed as a longer branch to cover the lower frequency band, such as 700-960MHz. The intermediate frequency branch can be designed as a medium-length branch to cover the intermediate frequency band, such as 1710-2200MHz. The high-frequency branch can be designed as a shorter branch to cover the higher frequency band, such as 2300-2700MHz. The other end of each branch is provided with an independent grounding point 3, which can be connected to the motherboard 4 of the electronic device by metal screws or welding.

[0066] Through this multi-branch design, the antenna can achieve multi-band coverage in a limited space. The gaps 11 between the branches can help reduce mutual coupling and improve the overall performance of the antenna. At the same time, each branch has an independent grounding point 3. This design can better control the current distribution and help reduce the SAR value.

[0067] in, Figure 2 This is an S11 waveform effect diagram of one embodiment of the antenna of the present application. Figure 3 is a S11 waveform effect diagram of a conventional antenna, and Table 1 below is a comparison table of the total radiated power (TRP) of one embodiment of the antenna of the present application and a conventional antenna under the same SAR value and input power. Figure 2 , Figure 3 It can be found from the following Table 1 that the impedance matching of the antenna of the present application is better and the radiation efficiency of the antenna is higher.

[0068] Table 1

[0069]

[0070] Figure 4 This is the simulation diagram of the field strength of a conventional antenna in the B41 frequency band. Figure 5 This is a simulation diagram of the field strength of one embodiment of the antenna of the present application in the B41 frequency band. Figure 6 This is the simulation diagram of the field strength of a conventional antenna in the B40 frequency band. Figure 7 This is a simulation diagram of the field strength of one embodiment of the antenna of the present application in the B40 frequency band. Figure 8 This is the simulation diagram of the field strength of a conventional antenna in the B1 frequency band. Fig. 9This is a simulation diagram of the field strength of one embodiment of the antenna of the present application in the B1 frequency band. Fig.10 This is the simulation diagram of the field strength of a conventional antenna in the B3 frequency band. Fig.11 This is a simulation diagram of the field strength of one embodiment of the antenna of the present application in the B3 frequency band. Fig.12 This is the simulation diagram of the field strength of a conventional antenna in the B8 frequency band. Fig.13 This is a simulation diagram of the field strength of one embodiment of the antenna of the present application in the B8 frequency band. By comparison, it can be found that the field strength of one embodiment of the antenna of the present application is lower in the B41 frequency band, the B40 frequency band, the B1 frequency band, the B3 frequency band and the B8 frequency band.

[0071] Table 2 below is a SAR comparison table of one embodiment of the antenna of the present application and a conventional antenna. By comparison, it can be found that at the same input power, in the B41 band, B40 band, B1 band, B3 band and B8 band, when the electronic device is in contact with 1g and 10g biological tissue, the SAR value of one embodiment of the antenna of the present application is lower.

[0072] Table 2

[0073]

[0074] The present application also provides an electronic device, including an antenna, the structure of which is the same as the antenna in any one of the above technical solutions, and will not be repeated here. The electronic device can be a handheld device, a vehicle-mounted device, a wearable device, a computing device, or other processing device connected to a wireless modem, as well as various forms of user equipment (UE), such as a mobile phone, a mobile station (MS), etc.

[0075] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. An antenna, characterized in that: comprising a feeding unit and a plurality of branches; The feed unit is provided with a plurality of coupling points, the plurality of coupling points correspond to the plurality of branches one by one, and the branches are electromagnetically coupled to the feed unit through the coupling points; There is a gap between two adjacent branches; The plurality of branches have independent grounding points for grounding.

2. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that The feed unit is provided with a plurality of slots to form a plurality of coupling points. One end of the branch is a coupling end and is inserted into the slot. There is a coupling distance between the coupling end and the inner wall surface of the slot.

3. The antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that: The coupling spacing is 0.2-0.7 mm.

4. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gap between two adjacent branches is 0.7-1.3 mm.

5. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plurality of branches include at least one of a low frequency branch, a medium frequency branch and a high frequency branch.

6. The antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that The multiple branches include low-frequency branches, medium-frequency branches and high-frequency branches.

7. The antenna according to claim 6, characterized in that The frequency band covered by the low-frequency branch includes 700-960 MHz, and the frequency band covered by the medium-frequency branch and the high-frequency branch includes 1710-2700 MHz.

8. The antenna according to claim 6, characterized in that The multiple branches include three low-frequency branches, one medium-frequency branch and two high-frequency branches.

9. The antenna according to claim 8, characterized in that Three coupling points are respectively arranged on both sides of the feed unit, wherein the three coupling points on one side are coupled with the three low-frequency branches respectively, and the three coupling points on the other side are coupled with one intermediate-frequency branch and two high-frequency branches, and the two high-frequency branches are arranged adjacent to each other.

10. An electronic device, characterized in that: Comprising the antenna as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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