Novel microstrip antenna with directional diagram cut-off characteristic and aircraft

Abstract

The invention provides a novel microstrip antenna with a directional diagram cut-off characteristic and an aircraft, the novel microstrip antenna comprises a microwave dielectric plate, a feed hole, a microstrip radiation patch and a plurality of short-circuit pins, the microstrip radiation patch is a rectangular patch, two long sides of the microstrip radiation patch are radiation sides, two short sides of the microstrip radiation patch are non-radiation sides, and the short-circuit pins are arranged in the microwave dielectric plate. The feed hole is located on the center line of the two radiation edges and is arranged close to one radiation edge, the microstrip radiation patch is loaded with a linear slot, is arranged close to the other radiation edge and is parallel to the radiation edge, the plurality of short circuit pins are loaded on the microstrip radiation patch, and the plurality of short circuit pins are loaded on the microstrip radiation patch. The radiation edges are uniformly arranged at intervals along the length direction of the linear slot and are positioned between the linear slot and the other radiation edge; the length of the linear gap is 0.85-0.95 times of the length of the radiation edge, and the distance between the linear gap and the other radiation edge is 1 / 5-1 / 3 of the working wavelength; and the distance between the adjacent short-circuit pins is 0.15-0.35 time of the length of the radiation edge. The coupling effect between the antennas is effectively improved, and the isolation degree is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of antennas, and in particular relates to a novel microstrip antenna with a directional pattern cutoff characteristic and an aircraft. Background Art

[0002] Interference problems between telemetry and passive radar systems have already occurred in various platforms. With the continuous equipment of wireless RF systems, interference problems between telemetry systems and the above RF systems may occur frequently. Existing solutions mainly focus on introducing high-suppression filters at the receiving front end of the system to suppress telemetry signals, but this will deteriorate the performance of other systems such as passive and data links, and will also increase the size of the equipment. The antenna is located at the front end of the system, and the coupling between antennas is one of the important factors causing electromagnetic interference problems in the system. How to solve problems such as electromagnetic interference between telemetry systems and other wireless systems is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art.

[0004] To this end, the present invention provides a novel microstrip antenna and an aircraft with a pattern cutoff characteristic. The present invention shapes the pattern of the microstrip telemetry antenna to achieve rapid cutoff of the non-key angular pattern, thereby solving the electromagnetic interference problem between the telemetry system and other wireless systems.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0006] According to one aspect, a novel microstrip antenna with a directional pattern cutoff characteristic is provided, the microstrip antenna comprising: a microwave dielectric plate, a feeding hole, a microstrip radiation patch and a plurality of short-circuit pins, the microstrip radiation patch being a rectangular patch, wherein the two long sides of the rectangular patch are radiation sides, and the two short sides are non-radiation sides, the feeding hole is located on the center line of the two radiation sides and is arranged close to one of the radiation sides, the microstrip radiation patch is loaded with a linear gap, the linear gap is arranged close to the other radiation side and is arranged parallel to the radiation side, the plurality of short-circuit pins are loaded on the microstrip radiation patch, and the plurality of short-circuit pins are arranged along the linear gap. The linear slots are evenly spaced in the length direction and are located between the linear slot and another radiating edge; the length of the linear slot is 0.85 to 0.95 times the length of the radiating edge, and the distance between the linear slot and the other radiating edge is one-fifth to one-third of the working wavelength; the spacing between any adjacent short-circuit pins is 0.15 to 0.35 times the length of the radiating edge; wherein the designed sizes and positions of the linear slots and short-circuit pins are used to achieve the excitation of TM10 and TM20 radiation modes in the same desired frequency band, and the superposition of the TM10 and TM20 modes makes the antenna have a sharp cutoff characteristic of the directional pattern.

[0007] Furthermore, the cutoff level of the antenna is greater than 20 dB.

[0008] Furthermore, the plurality of short-circuit pins are 4 short-circuit pins.

[0009] Furthermore, the distance between the linear gap and the other radiation edge minus the distance between the short-circuit pin and the other radiation edge is less than or equal to 3 mm.

[0010] Furthermore, the width of the linear gap is the same as the diameter of the short-circuit pin.

[0011] Furthermore, the width of the linear gap and the diameter of the short-circuit pin are both 1 mm.

[0012] Furthermore, the length of the linear gap is 42 mm, and the distance from the other radiating edge is 13 mm; a plurality of short-circuit pins are arranged at an equal interval of 15 mm, and the distance from the other radiating edge is 10 mm.

[0013] According to another aspect, an aircraft is provided, the aircraft comprising the above-mentioned microstrip antenna.

[0014] The above technical solution can achieve the excitation of two radiation modes, TM10 and TM20, in the same desired frequency band by jointly adjusting the length of the linear gap and the spacing of the short-circuit pins, and then change the sharp cutoff angle of the radiation pattern after the two modes are superimposed by adjusting the positions of the linear gap and the short-circuit pins, so as to achieve the sharp cutoff characteristics of the antenna pattern in the required working frequency band and direction, improve the isolation between antennas, and improve the coupling effect. That is, the present invention innovatively chooses to make the resonant frequencies of the two modes the same by reducing the resonant frequency of the TM20 mode and increasing the resonant frequency of the TM10 mode, and adds linear gaps and short-circuit pins on the rectangular radiation patch to perform capacitive and inductive loading to adjust the resonant frequencies of different modes, and reduces the radiation pattern gain of the antenna in the pointing direction of the other antenna, and reduces the radiation energy received by the other antenna to achieve the improvement of the isolation between antennas.

[0015] It can be seen that the novel microstrip antenna with a directional pattern cutoff characteristic proposed in the present invention is based on the principle of mode superposition. By introducing gaps and short-circuit pins, the directional pattern of one side of the microstrip patch antenna close to another antenna can achieve a sharp cutoff effect. The antenna decoupling method of the directional pattern control technology is used to reduce the gain of the microstrip patch antenna in the direction pointing to another antenna, thereby effectively improving the coupling effect between antennas. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The included drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, which constitute a part of the specification, are used to illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, and together with the text description, explain the principles of the present invention. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a novel microstrip antenna with a directional pattern cutoff characteristic of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 It is the simulation result of the standing wave ratio of the novel microstrip antenna with the cut-off characteristic of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 It is the simulation result of the directional pattern of the novel microstrip antenna with directional pattern cutoff characteristics of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 It is a comparison of the simulation results of the isolation between the novel microstrip antenna with pattern cutoff characteristics of the present invention and the passive antenna, and the isolation between the traditional telemetry antenna and the passive antenna. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments in this application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative and is by no means intended to limit the present invention and its application or use. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0023] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement of the parts and steps described in these embodiments, numerical expressions and numerical values ​​do not limit the scope of the present invention. At the same time, it should be understood that, for ease of description, the sizes of the various parts shown in the accompanying drawings are not drawn according to the actual proportional relationship. The technology, method and equipment known to ordinary technicians in the relevant field may not be discussed in detail, but in appropriate cases, the technology, method and equipment should be regarded as a part of the authorization specification. In all examples shown and discussed here, any specific value should be interpreted as being merely exemplary, rather than as a limitation. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, so once a certain item is defined in an accompanying drawing, it does not need to be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0024] like Figure 1 As shown, in one embodiment of the present invention, a novel microstrip antenna with a directional pattern cutoff characteristic is provided, the microstrip antenna comprising: a microwave dielectric plate 1, a feeding hole 3, a microstrip radiation patch 2 and a plurality of short-circuit pins 5, the microstrip radiation patch 2 is a rectangular patch, wherein the two long sides of the rectangular patch are radiation sides, and the two short sides are non-radiation sides, the feeding hole 3 is located on the center line of the two radiation sides and is arranged close to one of the radiation sides, the microstrip radiation patch 2 is loaded with a linear slot 4, the linear slot 4 is arranged close to the other radiation side and is arranged parallel to the radiation side, the plurality of short-circuit pins 5 are loaded on the microstrip radiation patch 2, and the plurality of short-circuit pins 5 are arranged close to the other radiation side. The linear slots 4 are evenly spaced along the length direction and are located between the linear slot 4 and another radiating edge; the length of the linear slot 4 is 0.85 to 0.95 times the length of the radiating edge, and the distance between the linear slot 4 and the other radiating edge is one-fifth to one-third of the working wavelength; the spacing between any adjacent short-circuit pins 5 is 0.15 to 0.35 times the length of the radiating edge; wherein the designed sizes and positions of the linear slots 4 and the short-circuit pins 5 are used to achieve the excitation of TM10 and TM20 radiation modes in the same desired frequency band, and the superposition of the TM10 and TM20 modes makes the antenna have a sharp cutoff characteristic of the directional pattern.

[0025] In the embodiment of the present invention, the cutoff level of the antenna is greater than 20 dB.

[0026] It can be seen that the embodiment of the present invention can achieve the excitation of two radiation modes, TM10 and TM20, in the same desired frequency band by jointly adjusting the length of the linear gap and the spacing of the short-circuit pins, and then change the sharp cutoff angle of the radiation pattern after the superposition of the two modes by adjusting the positions of the linear gap and the short-circuit pins, so as to achieve the sharp cutoff characteristics of the antenna pattern in the required working frequency band and direction, improve the isolation between antennas, and improve the coupling effect. That is, the embodiment of the present invention innovatively chooses to make the resonant frequencies of the two modes the same by lowering the resonant frequency of the TM20 mode and increasing the resonant frequency of the TM10 mode, and add linear gaps and short-circuit pins to the rectangular radiation patch to perform capacitive and inductive loading to adjust the resonant frequencies of different modes, and to improve the isolation between antennas by reducing the radiation pattern gain of the antenna in the pointing direction of the other antenna and reducing the radiation energy received by the other antenna.

[0027] That is, the novel microstrip antenna with a directional pattern cutoff characteristic proposed in the embodiment of the present invention is based on the principle of mode superposition. By introducing gaps and short-circuit pins, the directional pattern of the microstrip patch antenna on one side close to another antenna can achieve a sharp cutoff effect. The antenna decoupling method of the directional pattern control technology is used to reduce the gain of the microstrip patch antenna in the direction pointing to another antenna, thereby effectively improving the coupling effect between antennas.

[0028] The design principle of the embodiment of the present invention is further explained. In order to reduce the mutual coupling effect between antennas, this embodiment proposes that the isolation between antennas can be improved by reducing the radiation pattern gain of the antenna in the direction of the other antenna and reducing the radiation energy received by the other antenna. For commonly used microstrip antennas, its main working mode is the TM10 mode, which is a hemispherical radiation pattern of a lobe. By changing the working mode of the microstrip antenna, such as TM20, TM01 and other modes, radiation patterns of different shapes can be generated, wherein the radiation pattern of the TM20 mode is two lobes, and there is a null in the normal direction, which can achieve the gain reduction at this angle, but the null angle is fixed and cannot be adjusted according to the actual situation, and the use scenario is limited. On this basis, this embodiment takes into account that the directional patterns of the TM10 mode and the TM20 mode present one lobe and two lobes respectively, and the directions of the electric fields on the two lobes are opposite, and the directional patterns of the TM10 and TM20 modes are superimposed, and the electric field directions of the two modes are different in one side area and are offset, so as to achieve the gain reduction of the radiation pattern at a certain angle, that is, the sharp cutoff characteristic of the directional pattern. That is, this embodiment uses the sharp cutoff characteristic of the radiation pattern at a specific angle to cause a null in the radiation pattern of the antenna in the direction of another antenna, thereby effectively reducing the mutual coupling between antennas and improving the electromagnetic interference problem between systems.

[0029] In order to better realize the sharp cutoff characteristics of the antenna, the following optimization designs are also performed:

[0030] Preferably, the number of the plurality of short-circuit pins 5 is four.

[0031] Preferably, the distance between the linear gap 4 and another radiating edge minus the distance between the short-circuit pin 5 and another radiating edge is less than or equal to 3 mm.

[0032] Preferably, the width of the linear gap 4 is the same as the diameter of the short-circuit pin 5 .

[0033] Further preferably, the length of the linear gap 4 is 42 mm, and the spacing from the other radiating edge is 13 mm; the width of the linear gap 4 and the diameter of the short-circuit pin 5 are both 1 mm, and multiple short-circuit pins 5 are arranged at equal intervals of 15 mm, and the spacing from the other radiating edge is 10 mm.

[0034] In summary, the resonant frequencies of the TM10 and TM20 modes of the traditional microstrip patch antenna are not the same, resulting in the inability to excite these two radiation modes at the same frequency. In the overall structural design of the antenna, this embodiment first adjusts the resonant frequencies of the two modes so that the two radiation modes TM10 and TM20 can be simultaneously excited in the desired frequency band, and finally realizes the design of a microstrip patch antenna with a sharp cutoff characteristic by superimposing the directional diagrams of these two modes. The resonant frequency of the TM20 mode of the traditional microstrip patch antenna is about twice the resonant frequency of the TM10 mode. In order to excite these two radiation modes in the same frequency band to radiate and superimpose to obtain an antenna with a sharp cutoff characteristic, in the design of this embodiment, the resonant frequencies of the two modes are made the same by lowering the resonant frequency of the TM20 mode and increasing the resonant frequency of the TM10 mode. In this embodiment, straight line gaps and short-circuit pins are added to the rectangular radiation patch to perform capacitive and inductive loading to adjust the mode resonant frequency. By jointly adjusting the length and position of the linear slot and the spacing of the short-circuit pins, it is possible to stimulate two radiation modes, TM10 and TM20, in the same desired frequency band, so as to achieve the superposition of the directional patterns in this working frequency band and realize the sharp cutoff characteristics of the directional patterns.

[0035] According to another embodiment, an aircraft is provided, the aircraft comprising the above-mentioned microstrip antenna.

[0036] The method of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to a specific embodiment.

[0037] In the embodiment of the present invention, the antenna operates in the S frequency band, the dimensions of the microwave dielectric plate 1 are 80 mm in length, 80 mm in width, and 5 mm in thickness; the dimensions of the microstrip radiation patch 2 are 49 mm in length and 47 mm in width; the distance between the feed hole 3 and the radiation edge on one side is 9 mm; the length of the linear slot 4 is 42 mm, the width is 1 mm, and the distance from the radiation edge on the other side is 13 mm; the short-circuit pins 5 have a diameter of 1 mm, and there are 4 of them, which are arranged at an equal interval of 15 mm, and the distance from the radiation edge on the other side is 10 mm.

[0038] The simulation results of the standing wave ratio of the embodiment of the present invention are as follows: Figure 2 As shown, the standing wave ratio is less than 2.5.

[0039] The directional pattern simulation results of the embodiment of the present invention are as follows: Figure 3 As shown, the cut-off angle of the directivity pattern is greater than 35 degrees and the cut-off level is greater than 22dB.

[0040] The isolation simulation results of the embodiment of the present invention are as follows: Figure 4 As shown in the figure, the isolation improvement of the new telemetry antenna is better than 15dB compared with the original telemetry antenna.

[0041] In summary, the present invention proposes to superimpose the directional patterns of the two modes of the microstrip antenna so that the electric field directions of the two modes are different in one side area and are offset, thereby realizing a sharp cutoff characteristic of the directional pattern; the present invention adds linear gaps and short-circuit pins on the rectangular radiation patch to perform capacitive and inductive loading, thereby realizing the adjustment of the resonant frequencies of the two different radiation modes; and the present invention also changes the sharp cutoff angle domain of the directional pattern by adjusting the linear gaps and short-circuit pins, thereby realizing a sharp cutoff characteristic of the directional pattern in a required direction, reducing the radiation energy of the antenna in the corresponding direction, and thus improving the coupling effect between antennas.

[0042] The novel microstrip antenna with pattern cutoff characteristics realized by the present invention reduces the gain of the microstrip patch antenna in the direction pointing to another antenna through an antenna decoupling method based on the pattern control technology, and realizes rapid cutoff of the non-key angular pattern by shaping the pattern of the microstrip telemetry antenna, effectively improving the coupling effect between antennas to solve the problems of electromagnetic interference between the telemetry system and other wireless systems.

[0043] Features described and / or illustrated above for one embodiment may be used in the same or similar manner in one or more other embodiments, and / or combined with or used in place of features in other embodiments.

[0044] It should be emphasized that the term "include / comprises" when used herein refers to the presence of features, integers, steps or components, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, components or combinations thereof.

[0045] The above method of the present invention can be implemented by hardware, or by hardware combined with software. The present invention relates to such a computer-readable program, which, when executed by a logic component, enables the logic component to implement the above-mentioned device or component, or enables the logic component to implement the above-mentioned various methods or steps. The present invention also relates to a storage medium for storing the above program, such as a hard disk, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a DVD, a flash memory, etc.

[0046] The many features and advantages of these embodiments are apparent from this detailed description, and thus the appended claims are intended to cover all such features and advantages of these embodiments that fall within their true spirit and scope. Furthermore, since numerous modifications and changes will readily occur to those skilled in the art, it is not intended that the embodiments of the invention be limited to the exact construction and operation illustrated and described, but rather all suitable modifications and equivalents falling within the scope thereof are intended to be covered.

[0047] Parts of the present invention that are not described in detail are well known to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A novel microstrip antenna with a directional pattern cutoff characteristic, characterized in that: The microstrip antenna comprises: a microwave dielectric plate, a feeding hole, a microstrip radiation patch and a plurality of short-circuit pins, wherein the microstrip radiation patch is a rectangular patch, wherein the two long sides of the rectangular patch are radiation sides, and the two short sides are non-radiation sides, the feeding hole is located on the center line of the two radiation sides and is arranged close to one of the radiation sides, the microstrip radiation patch is loaded with a linear gap, the linear gap is arranged close to the other radiation side and is arranged parallel to the radiation side, the plurality of short-circuit pins are loaded on the microstrip radiation patch, and the plurality of short-circuit pins are evenly spaced along the length direction of the linear gap and are located between a straight-line slot and another radiating edge; the length of the straight-line slot is 0.85 to 0.95 times the length of the radiating edge, and the distance between the straight-line slot and the other radiating edge is one-fifth to one-third of the working wavelength; the spacing between any adjacent short-circuit pins is 0.15 to 0.35 times the length of the radiating edge; wherein the designed sizes and positions of the straight-line slot and the short-circuit pins are used to achieve the excitation of two radiation modes, TM10 and TM20, within the same desired frequency band, and after the two modes of TM10 and TM20 are superimposed, the antenna has a sharp cutoff characteristic of the directional pattern.

2. A novel microstrip antenna with a directional pattern cutoff characteristic according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cutoff level of the antenna is greater than 20dB.

3. A novel microstrip antenna with a directional pattern cutoff characteristic according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The plurality of short-circuit pins are 4 short-circuit pins.

4. A novel microstrip antenna with a directional pattern cutoff characteristic according to claim 3, characterized in that: The distance between the linear gap and the other radiation edge minus the distance between the short-circuit pin and the other radiation edge is less than or equal to 3 mm.

5. A novel microstrip antenna with a directional pattern cutoff characteristic according to claim 4, characterized in that: The width of the linear gap is the same as the diameter of the short-circuit pin.

6. A novel microstrip antenna with a directional pattern cutoff characteristic according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: The width of the linear gap and the diameter of the short-circuit pin are both 1 mm.

7. A novel microstrip antenna with a directional pattern cutoff characteristic according to claim 6, characterized in that: The length of the linear gap is 42 mm, and the distance from the other radiating edge is 13 mm; a plurality of short-circuit pins are arranged at an equal interval of 15 mm, and the distance from the other radiating edge is 10 mm.

8. An aircraft, characterized in that: The aircraft comprises the microstrip antenna according to claims 1-7.

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