Structural health monitoring method and system based on mobile wireless power supply and cruise networking

Abstract

The present invention discloses a structural health monitoring method and system based on mobile wireless power supply and cruise networking, which belongs to the technical field of engineering structure health monitoring and includes passive wireless sensors and mobile electromagnetic induction wireless power supply and networking devices; the mobile electromagnetic induction wireless power supply and networking device includes a power supply and networking main control unit, an electromagnetic induction wireless power supply unit, a wireless sensor gateway and a mobile carrier; the mobile electromagnetic induction wireless power supply and networking device cruises with the mobile carrier, the electromagnetic induction wireless power supply unit supplies power to the passive wireless sensors, and the passive wireless sensors and the wireless sensor gateways are grouped and networked for wireless signal transmission. The present invention adopts the above-mentioned structural health monitoring method and system based on mobile wireless power supply and cruise networking. During the cruise, wireless power supply is performed while group networking is performed, which solves the disadvantages of long-term power supply and wired power supply, as well as the problems of wireless sensor monitoring network communication blockage and difficulty in large-scale networking and transmission.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of engineering structure health monitoring, and in particular to a structure health monitoring method and system based on mobile wireless power supply and cruise networking. Background Art

[0002] Health monitoring of existing large-scale engineering structures, such as concrete structures, railways, airport runways, building walls, and bridges, requires the installation of a large number of sensors. These sensors typically use wired connections for power supply and data collection. This wired approach can lead to complex wiring, difficult installation, and susceptibility to damage, especially when a large number of sensors are embedded within the structure. Furthermore, given the large area and numerous locations required for monitoring, long-distance wiring of sensors can lead to significant signal interference and high wiring resistance. Furthermore, the sensors' multi-point transmission requires large amounts of data, limiting network coverage and making communication difficult.

[0003] Therefore, the use of passive wireless sensors in structural health monitoring holds great promise. This approach to structural health monitoring faces two technical challenges: achieving passive or wireless power supply for sensors installed externally and internally in engineering structures, and avoiding obstacles, data congestion, and signal coverage issues associated with deploying a large number of wireless sensors over a large area. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a structural health monitoring method and system based on mobile wireless power supply and cruise networking, which can effectively solve the problems of battery inability to provide long-term power and wired power supply, as well as the communication congestion and difficulty in large-area coverage of wireless sensor monitoring networks.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a structural health monitoring method based on mobile wireless power supply and cruise networking, comprising the following steps:

[0006] S1. The mobile electromagnetic induction wireless power supply and networking device moves with the mobile carrier on the surface of the monitored engineering structure, including runways, railways, bridges, ground, and large structural shells. The mobile electromagnetic induction wireless power supply and networking device passes through the passive wireless sensors installed on the engineering structure along a set route and traverses all the passive wireless sensors.

[0007] S2. During the traversal cruise, the mobile electromagnetic induction wireless power supply and networking device uses electromagnetic wave resonant coupling non-contact method to wirelessly power the passive wireless sensor, including the following steps:

[0008] S21. The power transmitting coil installed on the mobile electromagnetic induction wireless power supply and networking device is non-contactly brought close to the passive wireless sensor installed inside the monitored structure during movement, and the high-frequency oscillation current driving unit is activated by the power supply and networking main control unit to drive the power transmitting coil to transmit electromagnetic wave energy to the passive wireless sensor within the coverage area;

[0009] S22, the wireless power receiving coil of the passive wireless sensor receives the power from the power transmitting coil through electromagnetic coupling, and supplies power to the internal sensor and the wireless data acquisition and transmission unit in the passive wireless sensor through the rectifier and voltage-stabilized power supply unit;

[0010] S23, the passive wireless sensor is activated and powered on after obtaining power;

[0011] S3. The mobile electromagnetic induction wireless power supply and networking device passes through the passive wireless sensors within the coverage of the power transmission coil, wirelessly powers the passive wireless sensors to power them on, and establishes networking communication with the activated passive wireless sensors through the wireless sensor gateway, traversing all passive wireless sensors deployed on the engineering structure;

[0012] S4. The wireless sensor gateway completes group communication with all passive wireless sensors during movement to obtain status information of the detected engineering structure.

[0013] Preferably, during the movement, the wireless sensor gateway transmits the data collected by the internal sensors to the wireless sensor gateway through the nearest group networking mode, and the internal sensors receive the control commands of the wireless sensor gateway.

[0014] The present invention also provides a structural health monitoring system based on mobile wireless power supply and cruise networking, including a mobile electromagnetic induction wireless power supply and networking device and a passive wireless sensor installed on an engineering structure. The mobile electromagnetic induction wireless power supply and networking device includes a power supply and networking main control unit, an electromagnetic induction wireless power supply unit, a wireless sensor gateway and a mobile carrier. The power supply and networking main control unit, the electromagnetic induction wireless power supply unit and the wireless sensor gateway are integrated and installed on the mobile carrier; the electromagnetic induction wireless power supply unit and the wireless sensor gateway are respectively electrically connected to the power supply and networking main control unit, and their working states are controlled by the power supply and networking main control unit; the electromagnetic induction wireless power supply unit provides power supply for the passive wireless sensor, and wireless signals are transmitted between the passive wireless sensor and the wireless sensor gateway through cruise group networking.

[0015] Preferably, the electromagnetic induction wireless power supply unit includes a high-frequency oscillation current driving unit and a power transmitting coil.

[0016] Preferably, the power transmitting coil forms an alternating electromagnetic field to the outside, and the transmission power of the power transmitting coil is controlled by the high-frequency oscillation current driving unit and the power supply and networking main control unit. The mobile carrier includes a robot, a vehicle, a train and a drone.

[0017] Preferably, the passive wireless sensor includes a wireless power receiving coil, a rectifier and voltage-stabilizing power supply unit, an internal sensor and a wireless data acquisition and transmission unit.

[0018] Preferably, the power transmitting coil and the wireless power receiving coil continuously transmit energy through electromagnetic wave resonant coupling to supply power to the passive wireless sensor.

[0019] Preferably, the types of internal sensors include pressure, vibration, strain, displacement, positioning and corrosion.

[0020] Preferably, the wireless sensor gateway includes a 4G / 5G data transceiver unit and a wireless sensor data transceiver control unit.

[0021] Preferably, the communication mode between the passive wireless sensor and the wireless sensor gateway includes WiFi, Bluetooth and LoRa.

[0022] Therefore, the present invention adopts the above-mentioned structural health monitoring method and system based on mobile wireless power supply and cruise networking. During the mobile cruise process, wireless power supply is provided while wireless group networking is provided, which solves the disadvantages of battery and wired power supply that cannot provide long-term power, and avoids the waste of electricity and aging of electronic components caused by long-term power supply; cruise-type group networking can achieve local group communication nearby, with a small network scale and a short coverage distance, effectively solving the problems of communication congestion and difficulty in covering a large area in wireless sensor monitoring networks.

[0023] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 2. It is a schematic diagram of the monitoring system structure of an embodiment of the structural health monitoring method and system based on mobile wireless power supply and cruise networking of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of a mobile electromagnetic induction wireless power supply and networking device according to an embodiment of the structural health monitoring method and system based on mobile wireless power supply and cruise networking of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of functional units of a mobile electromagnetic induction wireless power supply and networking device according to an embodiment of a structural health monitoring method and system based on mobile wireless power supply and cruise networking of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the passive wireless sensor structure of the structural health monitoring method and system embodiment based on mobile wireless power supply and cruise networking of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of an aircraft runway passive wireless sensor structural health monitoring system according to an embodiment of the structural health monitoring method and system based on mobile wireless power supply and cruise networking of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of a trackside passive wireless sensor structural health monitoring system according to an embodiment of the structural health monitoring method and system based on mobile wireless power supply and cruise networking of the present invention.

[0030] Reference numerals

[0031] A. Passive wireless sensor; B. Mobile electromagnetic induction wireless power supply and networking device; 1. Electromagnetic induction wireless power supply unit; 2. Wireless sensor gateway; 3. Power supply and networking main control unit; 4. Mobile carrier. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0033] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in the present invention shall have the usual meanings understood by persons of ordinary skill in the field to which the present invention belongs. The words "first", "second" and similar terms used in the present invention do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. Words such as "include" or "comprise" mean that the elements or objects preceding the word include the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. Words such as "connect" or "connected" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "Up", "down", "left", "right" and the like are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the object being described changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] The present invention provides a structural health monitoring method and system based on mobile wireless power supply and cruise networking. The overall structure of the system is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the structure and function of each component are as follows Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown. The structural health monitoring system based on mobile wireless power supply and cruise networking includes a passive wireless sensor A and a mobile electromagnetic induction wireless power supply and networking device B. The mobile electromagnetic induction wireless power supply and networking device B is as shown. Figure 2 As shown, the system includes an electromagnetic induction wireless power supply unit 1, a wireless sensor gateway 2, a power supply and networking control unit 3, and a mobile carrier 4. The electromagnetic induction wireless power supply unit 1, wireless sensor gateway 2, and power supply and networking control unit 3 are integrated and mounted on the mobile carrier 4. The electromagnetic induction wireless power supply unit 1 and wireless sensor gateway 2 are electrically connected to the power supply and networking control unit 3, respectively. The electromagnetic induction wireless power supply unit 1 provides wireless power to the passive wireless sensor A. The wireless sensor gateway 2 and the passive wireless sensor A transmit wireless signals via cruise-type group networking. The power supply and networking control unit 3 controls the electromagnetic induction wireless power supply unit 1 and wireless sensor gateway 2, respectively, to achieve simultaneous power supply and networking communication.

[0036] The electromagnetic induction wireless power supply unit 1 is as follows Figure 3 As shown, it includes a power transmission coil 12 and a high-frequency oscillating current driving unit 11. The power transmission coil 12 forms an alternating electromagnetic field to the outside, and its transmission power is controlled by the high-frequency oscillating current driving unit 11 and the power supply and networking main control unit 3.

[0037] Wireless sensor gateway 2 Figure 3 As shown, it includes a 4G / 5G data transceiver unit 21 and a wireless sensor data transceiver control unit 22. The communication methods between the passive wireless sensor A and the wireless sensor gateway 2 include WiFi, Bluetooth, and LoRa.

[0038] The mobile carrier 4 includes robots, vehicles, trains, and drones.

[0039] Passive wireless sensor A Figure 4 As shown, the passive wireless sensor A comprises a wireless power receiving coil A1, a rectifier and voltage-stabilizing power supply unit A2, internal sensors A3, and a wireless data acquisition and transmission unit A4. The number of internal sensors A3 is determined by deployment and installation requirements, and includes sensors for pressure, vibration, strain, displacement, positioning, and corrosion. The power transmitting coil 12 and the wireless power receiving coil A1 continuously transmit energy through electromagnetic wave resonant coupling, powering the passive wireless sensor A.

[0040] The method for monitoring engineering structures using the structural health monitoring system based on mobile wireless power supply and cruise networking is as follows:

[0041] S1. Mobile electromagnetic induction wireless power supply and networking device B moves across the surface of the monitored engineering structure, which may include runways, railways, bridges, ground, and large structural shells. Mobile electromagnetic induction wireless power supply and networking device B follows a set route, passing near all passive wireless sensors A installed on the engineering structure, and then traverses all passive wireless sensors A.

[0042] S2. During the traversal cruise, the mobile electromagnetic induction wireless power supply and networking device B uses electromagnetic wave resonant coupling non-contact wireless power supply to each passive wireless sensor A, including the following steps:

[0043] S21. The power transmitting coil 12 installed on the mobile electromagnetic induction wireless power supply and networking device B approaches the passive wireless sensor A installed inside the monitored structure in a non-contact manner during movement, and starts the high-frequency oscillation current driving unit 11 through the power supply and networking main control unit 3 to drive the power transmitting coil 12 to transmit electromagnetic wave energy to all passive wireless sensors A within the coverage area.

[0044] S22, the wireless power receiving coil A1 of the passive wireless sensor A receives power from the power transmitting coil 12 through electromagnetic coupling, and then supplies power to the internal sensor A3 and the wireless data acquisition and transmission unit A4 through the rectifier and voltage stabilization power supply unit A2.

[0045] S23: After receiving power, the passive wireless sensor A is activated and powered on.

[0046] S3. The mobile electromagnetic induction wireless power supply and networking device B passes through the passive wireless sensor A within the coverage of its power transmitting coil 12, wirelessly powers the passive wireless sensor A to power it on, and establishes networking communication with the activated and powered passive wireless sensor A through the wireless sensor gateway 2, traversing all the passive wireless sensors A deployed on the engineering structure.

[0047] S4. During the movement, the wireless sensor gateway 2 completes group communication with all passive wireless sensors A to obtain status information of the detected structure.

[0048] When the wireless sensor gateway 2 communicates with the passive wireless sensor A in a nearby group network during movement, the passive wireless sensor A transmits the data collected by the internal sensor A3 to the wireless sensor gateway 2 through the wireless data collection and transmission unit A4, and can also receive control commands from the wireless sensor gateway 2 at the same time.

[0049] The following uses runways and railway tracks as examples to explain in detail how to monitor engineering structures.

[0050] Aircraft runway passive wireless sensor structural health monitoring system:

[0051] like Figure 5 As shown, the monitoring system consists of an electromagnetic induction wireless power supply unit 1, a wireless sensor gateway 2, a power supply and networking main control unit 3, a mobile carrier 4 and a passive wireless sensor A.

[0052] Passive wireless sensors A are pre-buried under the runway pavement, and a vehicle is used as a mobile carrier 4. Under the control of the power supply and networking main control unit 3, the electromagnetic induction wireless power supply unit 1 and the wireless sensor gateway 2 installed on the vehicle supply power to the passive wireless sensors A covered during the movement through the electromagnetic induction wireless power supply unit 1, and communicate with the passive wireless sensors A activated by power through the wireless sensor gateway 2 in nearby groups to complete data exchange.

[0053] During the traversal cruise, each time the electromagnetic induction wireless power supply unit 1 passes one or more passive wireless sensors A beneath the runway surface, the power supply and networking main control unit 3 activates the high-frequency oscillating current drive unit 11, controlling the power transmission coil 12 to transmit electromagnetic waves toward the covered passive wireless sensor A. The wireless power receiving coil A1 of the passive wireless sensor A receives power from the power transmission coil 12 through electromagnetic coupling. This power is then supplied to the internal sensor A3 and the wireless data acquisition and transmission unit A4 via the rectifier and voltage-stabilizing power supply unit A2. Once powered, the passive wireless sensor A activates and begins operation.

[0054] During the traversal cruise process, each time the electromagnetic induction wireless power supply unit 1 passes through one or more passive wireless sensors A, it wirelessly powers the passive wireless sensors A while establishing networking communication with one or more activated passive wireless sensors A3 through the wireless sensor gateway 2, traversing all passive wireless sensors A deployed on the engineering structure and completing all group communications.

[0055] During the movement, the wireless sensor gateway 2 transmits the data collected by the passive wireless sensor A to the wireless sensor gateway 2 through the above-mentioned nearby group networking, and the passive wireless sensor A receives the control instructions of the wireless sensor gateway 2 to obtain relevant status information of the aircraft runway surface.

[0056] Trackside Passive Wireless Sensor Structural Health Monitoring System:

[0057] like Figure 6 As shown, the monitoring system consists of an electromagnetic induction wireless power supply unit 1, a wireless sensor gateway 2, a power supply and networking control unit 3, a mobile carrier 4, and passive wireless sensors A. Passive wireless sensors A are pre-buried alongside the railway tracks, and a locomotive serves as the mobile carrier 4. Under the control of the power supply and networking control unit 3, the electromagnetic induction wireless power supply unit 1 and wireless sensor gateway 2 mounted on the locomotive power supply unit 1 to the passive wireless sensors A that are covered during movement. Furthermore, the locomotive communicates with the activated passive wireless sensors A via the wireless sensor gateway 2 in a grouped manner, completing data exchange. The locomotive traverses the monitored railway track.

[0058] During the traversal cruise process, the electromagnetic induction wireless power supply unit 1 on the locomotive will power on and start the high-frequency oscillation current driving unit 11 every time it passes one or more passive wireless sensors A beside the rails, and control the power transmitting coil 12 to transmit electromagnetic waves to the covered passive wireless sensors A. The wireless power receiving coil A1 of the passive wireless sensor A receives the power from the power transmitting coil 12 through electromagnetic coupling, and then powers the internal sensor A3 and the wireless data acquisition and transmission unit A4 through the rectifier and voltage-stabilizing power supply unit A2. After obtaining the power, the passive wireless sensor A is activated and starts working.

[0059] During the traversal cruise process, every time the electromagnetic induction wireless power supply unit 1 on the locomotive passes one or more passive wireless sensors A, it wirelessly powers the passive wireless sensors A while establishing network communication with one or more activated passive wireless sensors A through the wireless sensor gateway 2, traversing all passive wireless sensors A deployed beside the track to complete all group communications.

[0060] When the wireless sensor gateway 2 on the locomotive is moving, it transmits the data collected by the passive wireless sensor A beside the railway track to the wireless sensor gateway 2 through the above-mentioned nearby group networking, and the passive wireless sensor A receives the control instructions of the wireless sensor gateway 2 to obtain the status information of the railway track and related projects.

[0061] Therefore, the present invention adopts the above-mentioned structural health monitoring method and system based on mobile wireless power supply and cruise networking. During the mobile cruise process, wireless power supply is provided while wireless group networking is provided, which solves the disadvantages of battery and wired power supply that cannot provide long-term power, and avoids the waste of electricity and aging of electronic components caused by long-term power supply; cruise-type group networking can achieve local group communication nearby, with a small network scale and a short coverage distance, effectively solving the problems of communication congestion and difficulty in covering a large area in wireless sensor monitoring networks.

[0062] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify or replace the technical solutions of the present invention with equivalents, and these modifications or equivalent replacements cannot cause the modified technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A structural health monitoring method based on mobile wireless power supply and cruise networking, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. The mobile electromagnetic induction wireless power supply and networking device moves with the mobile carrier on the surface of the monitored engineering structure, including runways, railways, bridges, ground, and large structural shells. The mobile electromagnetic induction wireless power supply and networking device passes through the passive wireless sensors installed on the engineering structure along a set route and traverses all the passive wireless sensors. S2. During the traversal cruise, the mobile electromagnetic induction wireless power supply and networking device uses electromagnetic wave resonant coupling non-contact method to wirelessly power the passive wireless sensor, including the following steps: S21. The power transmitting coil installed on the mobile electromagnetic induction wireless power supply and networking device is non-contactly brought close to the passive wireless sensor installed inside the monitored structure during movement, and the high-frequency oscillation current driving unit is activated by the power supply and networking main control unit to drive the power transmitting coil to transmit electromagnetic wave energy to the passive wireless sensor within the coverage area; S22, the wireless power receiving coil of the passive wireless sensor receives the power from the power transmitting coil through electromagnetic coupling, and supplies power to the internal sensor and the wireless data acquisition and transmission unit in the passive wireless sensor through the rectifier and voltage-stabilized power supply unit; S23, the passive wireless sensor is activated and powered on after obtaining power; S3. The mobile electromagnetic induction wireless power supply and networking device passes through the passive wireless sensors within the coverage of the power transmission coil, wirelessly powers the passive wireless sensors to power them on, and establishes networking communication with the activated passive wireless sensors through the wireless sensor gateway, traversing all passive wireless sensors deployed on the engineering structure; S4. The wireless sensor gateway completes group communication with all passive wireless sensors during movement to obtain status information of the detected engineering structure.

2. The structural health monitoring method based on mobile wireless power supply and cruise networking according to claim 1 is characterized in that: During the movement, the wireless sensor gateway transmits the data collected by the internal sensors to the wireless sensor gateway through the nearest group networking method, and the internal sensors receive the control commands of the wireless sensor gateway.

3. The structural health monitoring system based on mobile wireless power supply and cruise networking constructed by the structural health monitoring method based on mobile wireless power supply and cruise networking according to claim 1 is characterized in that: It includes a mobile electromagnetic induction wireless power supply and networking device and a passive wireless sensor installed on an engineering structure. The mobile electromagnetic induction wireless power supply and networking device includes a power supply and networking main control unit, an electromagnetic induction wireless power supply unit, a wireless sensor gateway and a mobile carrier. The power supply and networking main control unit, the electromagnetic induction wireless power supply unit and the wireless sensor gateway are integrated and installed on the mobile carrier; the electromagnetic induction wireless power supply unit and the wireless sensor gateway are electrically connected to the power supply and networking main control unit respectively, and their working states are controlled by the power supply and networking main control unit; the electromagnetic induction wireless power supply unit provides power supply for the passive wireless sensor, and wireless signals are transmitted between the passive wireless sensor and the wireless sensor gateway through cruising group networking.

4. The structural health monitoring system based on mobile wireless power supply and cruise networking according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The electromagnetic induction wireless power supply unit includes a high-frequency oscillation current driving unit and a power transmitting coil.

5. The structural health monitoring system based on mobile wireless power supply and cruise networking according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The power transmission coil forms an alternating electromagnetic field externally, and the transmission power of the power transmission coil is controlled by the high-frequency oscillation current drive unit and the power supply and networking main control unit. The mobile carrier includes a robot, a vehicle, a train and a drone.

6. The structural health monitoring system based on mobile wireless power supply and cruise networking according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The passive wireless sensor includes a wireless power receiving coil, a rectifier and voltage-stabilizing power supply unit, an internal sensor and a wireless data acquisition and transmission unit.

7. The structural health monitoring system based on mobile wireless power supply and cruise networking according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The power transmitting coil and the wireless power receiving coil continuously transmit energy through electromagnetic wave resonant coupling to supply power to the passive wireless sensor.

8. The structural health monitoring system based on mobile wireless power supply and cruise networking according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The types of internal sensors include pressure, vibration, strain, displacement, position and corrosion.

9. The structural health monitoring system based on mobile wireless power supply and cruise networking according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The wireless sensor gateway includes a 4G / 5G data transceiver unit and a wireless sensor data transceiver control unit.

10. The structural health monitoring system based on mobile wireless power supply and cruise networking according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The communication modes between the passive wireless sensor and the wireless sensor gateway include WiFi, Bluetooth and LoRa.

Images