DC voltage switching device with integrated interruption mechanism

Abstract

The invention relates to a DC voltage switching device (100) for coupling a DC voltage load (200) to a DC voltage source (4) via a positive conductor (8) and / or a negative conductor (10), wherein the DC switching device has a housing or is at least partially surrounded by the housing. In the housing, at least one first switching element (101), in particular a semiconductor-based electronically controllable switching element, is accommodated and integrated into the positive conductor (8) and / or the negative conductor (10) for coupling and decoupling the DC voltage load (200). The DC voltage device is characterized in that the housing has at least two housing parts (100-1, 100-2) mechanically coupled to each other and movable relative to each other, whereby in a first position of the two housing parts movable relative to each other, the housing is closed, and in a second position of the two housing parts movable relative to each other, the housing is closed. And in a second position of the housing part movable relative to each other, the housing is open and at least one of the positive conductor (8) and the negative conductor (10) is interrupted due to the second position.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a DC voltage switching device for coupling a DC voltage load to a DC voltage source via a positive conductor and / or a negative conductor. Background Art

[0002] In order to couple a DC voltage load, that is, in particular to electrically couple or connect the DC voltage load to a DC voltage source, and in order to electrically disconnect the DC voltage load, a DC voltage switching device is generally used. Both the positive conductor and / or the negative conductor can be wired through the DC voltage switching device, and the DC voltage load is coupled to the DC voltage source via the positive conductor and the negative conductor. Within the scope of the present invention, the DC voltage load does not have to be a single load, but can also be composed of a group of DC voltage loads, or designed as a DC network having a plurality of DC voltage loads operated via it. In a practical embodiment, the positive conductor and the negative conductor are therefore each preferably extended between the input connection of the DC switching device and the output connection of the DC switching device. Therefore, the two conductors are first electrically connected to a DC voltage source, such as a DC voltage bus, in particular via two input terminals of the DC switching device, so as to apply an external DC voltage, and in addition, are electrically connected to the DC voltage load in particular via two output terminals of the DC switching device in order to be connected to the DC voltage. In order to electrically switch the DC voltage load on and off (i.e., connect and disconnect), the DC switching device includes at least a first switching element. Controllable semiconductor switching elements are usually used for this purpose, which switching elements are therefore integrated in the positive conductor extending between the DC voltage source and the DC voltage load (or in practical embodiments, in particular between the corresponding input terminal and the output terminal of the DC voltage switching device for the positive conductor), and / or are therefore integrated in the negative conductor extending between the DC voltage source and the DC load (or in practical embodiments, in particular between the corresponding input terminal and the output terminal of the DC switching device for the negative conductor). In addition, in a supplementary advantageous embodiment, at least one further switching element, in particular an electromechanical switching element, can also be arranged in the positive conductor and / or the negative conductor. If the semiconductor switching element is conductively switched and each of the at least one further switching element arranged in the positive conductor and / or the negative conductor (if present) is in the closed state, a current flow occurs between the DC voltage source and the DC voltage load. This current flow can be prevented or interrupted in particular by switching off or disconnecting the first switching element, i.e. in particular the semiconductor switching element.

[0003] In practical embodiments, such universal DC switchgear conventionally has a housing in which the electronic and / or electrical components of the DC switchgear are at least partially accommodated, i.e. at least the first switching element. As is known, such a housing provides protection against external influences, i.e. in particular mechanical and other environmental influences, but also protects the environment (including humans) from potential damage and injury caused by these components, e.g. the housing must protect humans, in particular from accidental contact with the enclosed device.

[0004] In particular, if the housing is designed to be maintenance-friendly, for example in order to replace individual components, these components are therefore usually subject to strict safety requirements with regard to the protection of the environment (including humans). Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is therefore to provide a DC voltage switchgear of the same type, which in particular has a housing which can be maintained and in particular can be maintained in a simple and cost-effective manner, providing a further improved highly effective protection of the environment (including humans).

[0006] This problem is solved according to the invention by a DC voltage switching device having the features of claim 1. Useful embodiments or further developments are subject matter of the claims dependent on claim 1.

[0007] Therefore, for a DC voltage switching device which is configured to couple a DC voltage load to a DC voltage source via a positive conductor and / or a negative conductor and has a housing or is at least partially surrounded by a housing, within which at least a first switching element, in particular a semiconductor-based electronically controllable switching element, is accommodated and integrated into the positive conductor and / or the negative conductor for coupling and decoupling the DC voltage load, it is proposed according to the present invention that the housing has at least two housing parts which are mechanically connected to each other and can be moved relative to each other, wherein in a first position of the two housing parts which can be moved relative to each other, the housing is closed, and in a second position of the housing parts which can be moved relative to each other, the housing is open, and at least one of the positive conductor and the negative conductor is interrupted due to the second position.

[0008] The DC switching device is therefore designed to have an integrated interruption mechanism which is functionally arranged in such a way that a closed housing is achieved by means of or due to the relative position of the two movable housing parts or at least one of the positive conductor and the negative conductor is interrupted when the housing is open.

[0009] In other words, the integrated interruption mechanism is arranged in a specific way so that when the housing is opened, the possibility of electrical connection (i.e. coupling of the DC voltage load) is no longer possible or is effectively prevented even by at least the first switching element. When the housing is opened, the DC voltage load is always in an electrically disconnected (i.e. disconnected) state. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] The present invention is described in more detail below with respect to some preferred embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. The accompanying drawings show:

[0011] Figure 1 According to a highly simplified first preferred embodiment of a DC voltage switchgear according to the invention, in which the partially opened housing is in the closed state,

[0012] Figure 2 Figure 1 A highly simplified sketch of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 with the housing open,

[0013] Figure 3 : According to a highly simplified second preferred embodiment of the DC voltage switchgear according to the invention, in which the partially opened housing is in the closed state,

[0014] Figure 4 according to Figure 3 A highly simplified sketch of an embodiment of the invention with the housing open, and

[0015] Figure 5 : A highly simplified circuit diagram of a further preferred embodiment of a DC voltage switching device according to the invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to preferred embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0017] Figure 1 and Figure 3 A first and a second embodiment of a DC switchgear 100 according to the invention are shown in respectively greatly simplified form, with the housing being partially cut away in the closed state. Figure 5 A highly simplified circuit diagram of a further preferred embodiment of a DC switching device 100 according to the present invention is shown.

[0018] In detail, Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 5, shows a DC voltage switching device 100, which is provided for coupling a DC voltage load 200 to a DC voltage source 4 via a positive conductor 8 and / or a negative conductor 10. The positive conductor 8 and the negative conductor 10 are each conveniently routed through the DC voltage switching device 100. The DC voltage branch 2 is provided between the DC voltage source 4 and the DC voltage load 200 by means of the DC voltage switching device 100. The positive conductor 8 and the negative conductor 10 can also be arranged on a printed circuit board, i.e. can in particular be designed as conductor tracks.

[0019] As shown, the DC voltage switchgear 100 has a housing constructed from at least two housing parts 100-1, 100-2, 100-3, or is at least partially surrounded by such a housing. Figure 1 In the embodiment, the housing is therefore composed of at least two housing parts 100-1, 100-2 and Figure 3 For example, it is composed of three housing parts 100-1, 100-2 and 100-3. Figure 5 , the dashed line S indicates the transition or “boundary” between the two housing parts 100 - 1 and 100 - 2 of the DC voltage switchgear 100 .

[0020] In the corresponding housing, such as Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 5 As further shown, at least one first switching element 101, suitably a semiconductor-based electronically controllable switching element, is included (i.e., accommodated) and integrated in the positive conductor 8 and / or the negative conductor 10 for coupling and decoupling of the DC voltage load 200. Figure 1 In the embodiment, only the first switching element 101 is integrated into the positive conductor 8, and Figure 3 and Figure 5 , integrated in the negative electrode conductor 10.

[0021] In addition, if Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, at least one fuse 103 can be integrated in the positive conductor 8 and / or the negative conductor 10. Such a fuse is particularly integrated at least in the conductor in which the first switching element 101 is not integrated. Figure 1 In the embodiment, the fuse 103, in particular the melting type fuse, is integrated in the negative conductor 10 and Figure 3 and Figure 5 In the positive conductor 8, this Figure 5 Such a fuse 103 is conveniently replaceable and is therefore conveniently arranged so that it is accessible from outside the housing when the housing is opened, so that it can thus be easily replaced, especially in the event of a "breakage".

[0022] Therefore, the switching element 101 is particularly used for operating switches of the DC switching device 100, but can also be used for grounding protection of conductors in which the switching element is integrated, in particular, it is designed as a semiconductor switching element and Figure 5 HS is additionally marked in the figure. Thus, even in the case of a ground fault, the fault location can be disconnected from the rest of the network very quickly, preferably within a few microseconds, so that the current to be disconnected does not become too high. Therefore, the first switching element can conveniently disconnect the conductor in which it is integrated within a few microseconds and thus disconnect the DC voltage source from the fault location before the current becomes too high. Therefore, as the first switching element 101, in a practical implementation, in particular, a semiconductor-based electronically controllable switching element, such as designed as a MOSFET ("Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor") or an IGBT ("Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor"), is suitable for quickly decoupling the DC voltage load 200 from the DC voltage source 4. On the other hand, a fuse with sufficient short-circuit strength is also available, so that the conductor in which the fuse 103 is integrated can be disconnected quickly enough. Therefore, if both the positive and negative poles have a voltage relative to the ground potential, which would lead to a very large fault current in the case of a ground fault, the DC voltage switchgear according to the invention has a mechanism for safely disconnecting the positive branch and the negative branch even in the case of such a fault.

[0023] The DC switchgear according to the invention is characterized in that the housing has at least two housing parts which are mechanically coupled to each other and can be moved relative to each other, i.e. Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 5 In the embodiment of the present invention, at least two housing parts among the housing parts 100 - 1 , 100 - 2 , 100 - 3 are designed as housing parts which are mechanically coupled to each other and can move relative to each other.

[0024] Furthermore, at least two of the housing parts 100-1, 100-2, 100-3 are mechanically coupled to one another and are arranged to be movable relative to one another in a specific manner, such that in a first position in which the housing parts are movable relative to one another, the housing is closed (see, for example, Figure 1 and Figure 3 ), and in a second position in which the housing parts are movable relative to each other, the housing is open and at least one of the positive conductor 8 and the negative conductor 10 is interrupted by the second position. This second position is particularly Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown in the figure, each of these figures greatly simplifies the Figure 1 and Figure 3but with the housing open and also only in sketch form. In particular, for the sake of clarity, the above references to Figure 1 and Figure 3 Electrical and electronic components discussed.

[0025] However, it can be seen in particular that Figure 1 The uninterrupted line shown is routed between the DC voltage source 4, in fact starting from the DC voltage branch 2 up to the DC voltage load 200 (i.e. comprising the conductor 8 via the components marked 111, 112 and / or comprising the conductor 10 via the fuse 103 and the components marked 111 and 112) Figure 2 The second position shown is interrupted by this second position and is therefore not possible. Figure 3 The uninterrupted line shown is routed between the DC voltage source 4, in fact starting from the DC voltage branch 2 up to the DC voltage load 200 (i.e. comprising the conductor 10 via the components marked 111, 112 and / or comprising the conductor 8 via the fuse 103 and the components marked 111 and 112) Figure 4 The second position shown is interrupted by this second position and is therefore not possible.

[0026] Therefore, by means of or due to the relative positions of the at least two movable housing parts 110-1 and 100-2, the DC switching device is designed to have an integrated interruption mechanism, which is functionally configured to interrupt at least one of the positive conductor and the negative conductor in a closed housing (i.e., in the first position) or in an open housing (i.e., in the second position).

[0027] Therefore, this integrated interruption mechanism is arranged in a specific way so that in the second position in which the housing parts 100-1 and 100-2 are movable relative to each other, when the housing is open, the possibility of electrical connection (i.e. coupling of the DC voltage load 200) is no longer possible or is effectively prevented even by at least the first switching element 101. When the housing is open, the DC voltage load 200 is always in an electrically disconnected (i.e. decoupled) state. In particular, in the open position, the DC voltage load 200 is not only electrically disconnected from the DC voltage source 4, but also galvanically decoupled, which is advantageous for both the positive conductor 8 and the negative conductor 10 in a practical implementation.

[0028] In order to interrupt at least one of the positive and negative conductors, two complementary electrical contact elements 111 and 112 are conveniently arranged on two housing parts 100-1 and 100-2 that can be moved relative to each other, which are in electrical contact with each other when the housing is closed and are electrically and galvanically isolated from each other when the housing is open. In particular, Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 5 The components referenced 111, 112 in the figure thus comprise a first electrical contact element 111, for example a contact plug, located on one of the two housing parts 100-1 and 100-2 that can be moved relative to each other, and a second electrical contact element 112, for example a contact socket, complementary thereto, located on the other of the two housing parts 100-1 and 100-2 that can be moved relative to each other, such as can be particularly Figure 2 and Figure 4 This means that, in actual implementation, Figures 1 to 5 The components referenced 111 , 112 in the drawing comprise two complementary electrical contact elements 111 and 112 , to each of which the positive conductor 8 and the negative conductor 10 are electrically connected.

[0029] Alternatively or additionally, in particular from Figures 1 to 4 As can be seen schematically in the figure, it can therefore also be conveniently provided that each of the two positive conductors 8 and negative conductors 10 is interrupted when the shell is opened, is routed through the shell, and is electrically connected to a corresponding first conductor 111 in a complementary electrical contact element in a first shell part 100-1 or 100-2 of the two shell parts that can be moved relative to each other, and is electrically connected to a corresponding second contact element 112 in a complementary electrical contact element in a second shell part 100-1 or 100-2 of the two shell parts that can be moved relative to each other, wherein the corresponding first electrical contact element and the corresponding second electrical contact element are in electrical contact with each other when the shell is closed and are electrically and galvanically isolated from each other when the shell is opened.

[0030] Furthermore, it is advantageous if additionally at least one signal generator 114 is included which is arranged and configured to signal an opening movement in response to a movement of the two housing parts movable relative to each other from the first position in the direction of the second position.

[0031] Thus, when the housing is opened, i.e. before the housing is completely opened, if the signal contact 114 has already opened before the contact elements 111, 112 in the positive conductor path 8 and / or the negative conductor path 10, the signal emitted or received by the signal contact 114 can be used to first open the first switching element 101, which signal thus in particular signals the opening movement. This ensures that no arcing occurs in the positive conductor path 8 and / or the negative conductor path 10 when the contacts in the power path contact elements 111, 112 are subsequently opened.

[0032] For this purpose, the DC voltage switchgear may in particular have an evaluation device 118 connected to the signal generator 114 and the first switching element 101, which is arranged to control at least the first switching element 101 to decouple the DC voltage load in response to an opening movement signaled by the signal generator 114. Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 5 In FIG. 1 , a preferred control path of such an evaluation device 118 is shown by dashed lines.

[0033] If you can Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 5 As can be seen in the figure, a second switching element 106, in particular an electromechanical switching element, in particular a relay contact, for coupling and decoupling the DC voltage load 200 can optionally be accommodated, in particular accommodated in the housing, the second switching element being integrated into one of the positive conductor 8 and the negative conductor 10. However, as can also be seen in the figure, a third switching element 106, in particular an electromechanical switching element, in particular a relay contact, for coupling and decoupling the DC voltage load 200 is also accommodated, in particular accommodated in the housing, the third switching element being integrated into the other of the positive conductor 8 and the negative conductor 10.

[0034] In this case, it is also advantageous if the evaluation device 118 is also connected to the second switching element 106 or also to the third switching element 106. By opening the signal generator 114 in advance, the signal for signaling the opening movement can therefore be used not only to first open the first switching element 101, but also additionally or alternatively to first open the second switching element and, if necessary, also to open the third switching element 106. This also ensures that no arcs are generated when the contacts in the power path contact elements 111, 112 in the positive pole conductor path 8 and / or the negative pole conductor path 10 subsequently open.

[0035] In order to move at least two housing parts 100-1, 100-2, 100-3 that can be moved relative to each other from a first position to a second position and vice versa, it is therefore further advantageous to include an actuating mechanism 115a, 115b, 115c, which is arranged and configured accordingly for this purpose, in particular can be manually operated. Based on the embodiment outlined in the accompanying drawings, the actuating mechanism for manual operation can therefore have, for example, a manual actuator 115a, which is mechanically coupled to at least two housing parts 100-1, 100-2, 100-3 that can be moved relative to each other via appropriately arranged bearings 115b. However, as an alternative to the manual actuator design outlined in the accompanying drawings, such a manual actuator or a similar manual actuator can also be mechanically coupled to at least two housing parts 100-1, 100-2, 100-3 that can be moved relative to each other in a different way, or the actuating mechanism can also be designed differently as a whole, for example, electric, hydraulic or pneumatic. In addition, the actuating mechanism can also be appropriately designed to include suitable bearings 115c between at least two housing parts 100-1, 100-2, 100-3 that can move relative to each other, so that they can move relative to each other between a first position and a second position without having to be completely physically separated from each other in order to open the housing.

[0036] The evaluation device 118 can also be connected to a sensor 116 for evaluating the detected current flow, which sensor is conveniently connected at least for detecting the current flow of the conductor in which the first switching element 101 is integrated. Figure 5 According to an advantageous embodiment, such a sensor 116 has a sensor element arranged in series with a first switching element 101 for detecting a current flow of the conductor. The sensor element detecting the current flow is additionally marked with "CS". In a practical embodiment, the evaluation device 118 can therefore also be arranged to compare the detected current flow with a threshold value and activate at least one switching element 101. For this purpose, the evaluation device 118 can have, for example, an analog circuit, a discrete circuit or preferably also a μC (microcontroller). Depending on the embodiment and / or the field of application, the first switching element 101 for decoupling the load 200 from the source 4 is at least first appropriately activated, i.e., in particular switched off, if the current flow exceeds or falls below a threshold value, in particular a predetermined threshold value.

[0037] Therefore, if a second switching element and possibly a third switching element 106 are also included for coupling and decoupling the DC voltage load 200, this can additionally provide a galvanic decoupling of the load 200 from the source 4, in particular likewise by means of the evaluation device 118. Therefore, the second switching element and the third switching element 106 can also have relay contacts for this purpose, in Figure 5In the example, the relay contacts are additionally marked with K1 or K2. However, such relay contacts are not suitable for disconnection because the time until separation is in the ms range.

[0038] Thus, if the current flow detected and evaluated by the evaluation device 118 exceeds a predetermined critical value, then, depending on the value exceeded and the particular design, the first switching element 101 or additionally the second switching element and the third switching element 106 can be switched off by the evaluation device 118, and the DC voltage branch can thus be electrically disconnected or galvanically decoupled from the DC voltage source 4. Furthermore, switching off the second switching element and the third switching element 106 prevents current from flowing in both directions, whereas switching off only the first switching element 101 prevents current from flowing in only one direction. Thus, the second switching element and the third switching element 106 always ensure safe galvanic isolation of the DC output from the DC input. Furthermore, the evaluation device 118 is preferably arranged to consider switching off at least the first switching element 101 when a current flow rate, a current amplitude and / or a current direction predetermined by a threshold value is exceeded. In other words, as an alternative or in addition to the current amplitude, in particular, the rate of change of the current flow and / or the current direction can also be compared with a threshold value and lead to switching off the first switching element (101) when the threshold value is exceeded. When evaluating against a threshold value, in addition to comparing the current amplitude, it is also advantageous to compare the rate of change of the current flow and / or the current direction, thereby leading to a switch-off if the threshold value is exceeded.

[0039] In an advantageous further development, the evaluation device 118 also has a message output or a communication interface, i.e., for outputting 119 a message signal in the event of a threshold value being exceeded and / or in the event of a current flow being detected which has an amplitude greater than a second threshold value, the amplitude of which is less than the threshold value. This means that, by comparison with the threshold value, for example, permissible current variations, fluctuations and / or losses of the DC voltage load during operation can also be taken into account in a universal and flexible manner. Furthermore, the evaluation device 118 is not only suitably designed and arranged to electrically decouple or additionally also galvanically decouple the DC voltage load 200 or the entire DC voltage branch 2 from the DC voltage source 4 by means of a corresponding activation command to the first switching element 101 or to the other switching element 106, i.e., to switch it off, but also to electrically and / or galvanically couple the DC voltage load 200 or the entire DC voltage branch 2 to the DC voltage source 4 by means of a corresponding activation command to one or more switching elements, i.e., to switch it on. In particular, depending on a suitable embodiment of the evaluation device 118 , a command to the evaluation device 118 for switching on based thereon may also be received, for example via a communication interface as described above or via another input interface, in particular a digital input.

[0040] By means of the DC voltage switching device as described above in various embodiments, a switching system can therefore also be particularly realized, wherein the positive conductor 8 and the negative conductor 10 are connected to the DC voltage source 4 at the input terminals IN+, IN- of the DC voltage switching device 100, and the DC voltage branch and the DC voltage load 200 can be connected and disconnected at the output terminals OUT+, OUT- of the DC voltage switching device 100 via the positive conductor 8 and the negative conductor 10 (see Figure 5 ). Typically, the DC voltage of the DC voltage source 4 is supplied from a three-phase AC network having L1, L2, L3, typically by means of a rectifier GR, whereby the rectification may be performed actively with power electronic circuits or passively with diodes.

[0041] Even though not shown in the drawings, the electromechanical switch element may optionally be installed in parallel with the first switch element 101 and arranged to be in a closed state in the coupled state of the first switch element 101. With this configuration, if the first switch element 101 is in a conductive state when another electromechanical switch element arranged in parallel with the first switch element 101 is closed, the other electromechanical switch element arranged in parallel can reduce power loss. In particular, by additionally connecting the other electromechanical switch, when the first switch element 101 is in a conductive state, the conduction loss of the first switch element can also be reduced.

[0042] In view of the above description, the DC voltage load does not have to be a single load but may consist of a group of DC voltage loads or be designed as a DC flow network having a large number of DC voltage loads operated via it.

[0043] In summary, it can therefore be particularly stated that the present invention proposes an additional disconnection function or an additional interruption mechanism. This is particularly advantageous, for example, if the specification requirements of the DC voltage switch device, i.e., the specification requirements of the circuit breaker in general, cannot be met. At least two parts of the device housing are designed to be movable relative to each other and mechanically coupled to each other, so that there is a closed housing position in the first position and an open housing position in the second position. At least two of these movable housing parts each contain electrical contact elements designed to complement each other, so that when the housing is closed, the electrical contact elements are also closed, and the current flow from the device input to the device output is basically possible. When the housing is opened, the electrical contact elements are also opened and therefore in any case, the current flow from the device input to the device output is no longer possible, because the device input is electrically isolated and galvanically isolated from the device output due to the open contact elements. In addition to these contact elements in the positive branch and / or the negative branch, it is desirable to provide at least one additional signal contact or signal generator, which guides the electrical contact elements in the positive branch and / or the negative branch during the opening process.

[0044] By opening the signal contact or the signal generator, therefore, an early deactivation, in particular individual and flexible deactivation, of the switching elements contained in the DC voltage device, i.e. in particular one or more semiconductor switches and / or relay contacts, can be controlled. This ensures that during the opening process, an electrical shutdown occurs before the electrical contact elements in the positive branch and / or the negative branch open, thus preventing an electric arc.

[0045] Reference numerals list

[0046] 2 DC voltage branch

[0047] 4 DC voltage source

[0048] 8 Positive conductor

[0049] 10 Negative conductor

[0050] 100 DC voltage switchgear

[0051] 100-1, 100-2, 100-3 DC voltage switchgear housing

[0052] 101 first switching element

[0053] 103 Fuse

[0054] 106 second switch element, third switch element

[0055] 111, 112 Electrical contact elements

[0056] 114 Signal Generator

[0057] 115a, 115b, 115c Actuating mechanism

[0058] 116 Sensors

[0059] 118 Evaluation Device

[0060] 119 Output from the signal output terminal or communication interface

[0061] 200DC voltage load

[0062] The transition or boundary between two housing parts of an SDC voltage switchgear.

Claims

1. A DC voltage switchgear (100) for coupling a DC voltage load (200) to a DC voltage source (4) via a positive conductor (8) and / or a negative conductor (10), wherein the DC switchgear has a housing or is at least partially surrounded by a housing, and wherein inside the housing, at least one first switching element (101), in particular a semiconductor-based electronically controllable switching element, is included and integrated into the positive conductor (8) and / or the negative conductor (10) for coupling and decoupling the DC voltage load (200), - It is characterized by The housing has at least two housing parts (100-1, 100-2) which are mechanically coupled to each other and can move relative to each other, wherein in a first position of the two housing parts which can move relative to each other, the housing is closed, and in a second position of the housing parts which can move relative to each other, the housing is open and at least one of the positive conductor (8) and the negative conductor (10) is interrupted due to the second position.

2. The DC voltage switch according to claim 1, wherein, in order to interrupt at least one of the positive conductor and the negative conductor, complementary electrical contact elements (111, 112) are arranged on the two housing parts (100, 100a) which are movable relative to each other, the electrical contact elements being in electrical contact with each other when the housing is closed and being electrically and galvanically isolated from each other when the housing is open, and / or - wherein each of the two positive conductors (8) and the negative conductor (10) which are interrupted when the shell is opened is led through the shell (100, 100a) and is electrically connected to a corresponding first contact element (111) of the complementarily formed electrical contact elements in a first shell part (100-2) of the two shell parts that can move relative to each other, and is electrically connected to a corresponding second contact element (112) of the complementary electrical contact elements in a second shell part (100-1) of the two opposite shell parts that can move relative to each other, wherein the corresponding first electrical contact elements and the corresponding second electrical contact elements are in contact with each other when the shell is closed and are electrically and galvanically isolated from each other when the shell is opened.

3. The DC voltage switching device according to any one of claims 1 to 2 further includes at least one signal generator (114), which is arranged and configured to signal an opening movement in response to the movement of the two relatively movable shell parts from the first position toward the second position.

4. The DC voltage switching device according to claim 3 further comprises an evaluation device (118) connected to the signal generator (114) and the first switching element (101), the evaluation device being configured to control at least the first switching element (101) to decouple the DC voltage load in response to an opening movement signaled by the signal generator (114).

5. A DC voltage switching device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a second switching element (106), in particular an electromechanical switching element, for coupling and decoupling the DC voltage load (200) is accommodated, in particular in the housing, wherein the second switching element (106) is integrated into one of the positive conductor (8) and the negative conductor (10).

6. A DC voltage switching device according to claim 5, wherein a third switching element (106), in particular an electromechanical switching element, for coupling and decoupling the DC voltage load (200) is accommodated, in particular in the housing, and the third switching element is integrated into the other of the positive conductor (8) and the negative conductor (10).

7. The DC voltage switchgear according to claims 4 and 5, wherein the evaluation device (118) is also connected to the second switching element (106).

8. The DC voltage switchgear according to claims 4 and 6, wherein the evaluation device (118) is also connected to the third switching element (106).

9. A DC voltage switching device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein a fuse (103) is integrated in the positive conductor (8) and / or the negative conductor (10), in particular at least in the conductor in which the first switching element (101) is not integrated, the fuse being particularly integrated in the housing and being replaceable and accessible from outside the housing when the housing is open.

10. A DC voltage switching device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, - comprising an actuating mechanism (115a, 115b, 115c) arranged and configured, in particular manually operable, for moving the two housing parts (100-1, 100-2) movable relative to each other from the first position to the second position and vice versa, and / or The electromechanical switch element is connected in parallel with the first switch element (101) and is arranged to be in a closed state when the first switch element is in a coupled state.

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