Method and device for harvesting rice on floating bed in coal mining subsidence water area

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for harvesting rice on a floating bed in a coal mining subsidence water area. The method comprises the following steps that S1, an operation area and a floating bed passing area are built; the operation area comprises a harvesting area, and the lower portion of the harvesting area is empty. The floating bed passing area is in a curve shape and penetrates through the lower portion of the harvesting area. S2, floating bed connection; the floating beds are connected end to end, and the front end of the first floating bed is connected with a traction ship; s3, machine entrance; the combine harvester is arranged in the harvesting area, and a header of the combine harvester is adjusted to be above the water surface and located at the root position of rice on the floating bed. S4, the floating beds are dragged by the traction ship to pass through the floating bed passing areas in sequence; s5, rice is harvested in sequence till harvesting is completed. The invention further discloses a coal mining subsidence area floating bed rice harvesting device. The floating bed rice harvester has the advantages that a traditional harvesting mode is broken through, the floating bed rice harvester is suitable for the special environment of coal mining subsidence water areas, and floating bed rice can be effectively harvested in the irregular and high-water-depth water body environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of planting in coal mining subsidence areas, and in particular to a method for harvesting rice on a floating bed in coal mining subsidence waters. Background Art

[0002] The traditional method of planting rice is usually to transplant seedlings into fertile soil to provide sufficient nutrients, and the soil needs a stable water source for irrigation, which is suitable for areas near rivers, lakes or areas with sufficient rainfall. For coal mining subsidence waters, due to long-term underground coal mining, the water depth in the subsidence area is often unevenly distributed and changes with the seasons, making it difficult to meet the needs of traditional rice planting.

[0003] Floating bed rice is an innovative agricultural technology for growing rice on the water surface, usually using a floating bed as a platform for plant growth, with rice planted in a culture matrix on the floating bed. This technology can reduce eutrophication of water bodies and promote self-purification of water bodies by absorbing nutrients from the water through the rice root system. In addition, growing rice in subsidence areas can reduce the occupation of other land resources, while bringing economic benefits to the local area and increasing farmers' income.

[0004] Traditional rice harvesting often uses a combine harvester, which is currently the most common harvesting method with high efficiency and low labor intensity, but it cannot meet the harvesting needs of floating bed rice. Floating bed rice is a relatively new technology, and currently relies more on manual harvesting, which is labor-intensive and inefficient; a large amount of straw scattered in the water will cause water pollution. The combine harvester has poor applicability and cannot harvest floating bed rice on the water. There are also floating bed rice harvesters in the prior art, such as CN113079813A-floating bed rice harvester, but the harvesting method is that the harvester moves to the floating bed and harvests through the floating bed. On the one hand, the floating bed has poor stability. On the other hand, as the weight of the harvester increases, the harvester sinks, and the harvesting position will change, resulting in different heights of rice stubble.

[0005] Therefore, there is currently no efficient and mature harvesting method, and there is an urgent need to study an efficient and environmentally friendly method and device for harvesting rice on floating beds in coal mining subsidence waters.

[0006] The information disclosed in this background technology section is only intended to enhance the understanding of the overall background of the invention and should not be regarded as an acknowledgment or any form of suggestion that the information constitutes the prior art known to a person skilled in the art. Summary of the invention

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is how to solve the problem that the floating bed rice floats on the water and is harvested manually, which has high labor intensity, and the existing combine harvester cannot meet the requirements of floating bed rice harvesting.

[0008] The present invention solves the above technical problems through the following technical means:

[0009] The method for harvesting rice on a floating bed in coal mining subsidence waters comprises the following steps:

[0010] Step S1: constructing the working area and the floating bed passing area;

[0011] The operation area includes a harvesting area, and the bottom of the harvesting area is empty; the floating bed passing area is curved and passes through the bottom of the harvesting area;

[0012] Step S2: floating bed connection;

[0013] Connect multiple floating beds end to end, and connect the front end of the floating bed at the first position to a tugboat;

[0014] Step S3: Machine entry;

[0015] The combine harvester is arranged in the harvesting area, and the header of the combine harvester is adjusted to be above the water surface and located at the root position of the rice on the floating bed;

[0016] Step S4: The floating bed is towed by the towing ship and passes through the floating bed passing area in sequence;

[0017] Step S5: harvesting rice in sequence until the harvesting is completed.

[0018] The present invention solves the problems of low manual harvesting efficiency of floating bed rice and easy scattering in water bodies to cause pollution, and provides a method for harvesting floating bed rice in coal mining subsidence waters, which changes the method from harvesting stationary rice with a traditional moving combine harvester to harvesting moving rice with a stationary combine harvester, breaking the traditional harvesting method.

[0019] Preferably, the operation area also includes a road, which extends along the shore toward the water area, and the harvesting area is located at the end of the road.

[0020] Preferably, the working area further includes a straw stacking area, which is located at the end of the road and adjacent to the harvesting area.

[0021] Preferably, the floating bed passing area includes a floating bed inlet, a floating bed bend, and a floating bed outlet which are connected in sequence, and the floating bed bend is located below the harvesting area.

[0022] Preferably, the floating bed inlet is trumpet-shaped, the floating bed outlet is extended along the tangent direction of the end of the floating bed curve, and the floating bed outlet is in a straight line shape.

[0023] Preferably, a plurality of turning rollers are installed at intervals on both sides of the floating bed curve.

[0024] The floating bed curve is semicircular, and steering rollers are installed on both sides of the floating bed curve to facilitate turning and guiding.

[0025] Preferably, in step S3, the machine further comprises a grain transport vehicle and a belt conveyor, wherein the grain transport vehicle is arranged at the grain outlet of the combine harvester; one end of the belt conveyor is arranged at the straw outlet of the combine harvester, and the other end is arranged in the straw stacking area.

[0026] Preferably, the combine harvester is placed near the water, and the harvesting table of the combine harvester is adjusted to be above the water surface and located at the root position of the rice on the floating bed. When the floating bed moves to the combine harvester, the grain transport truck is deployed at the grain outlet of the combine harvester. When the rice is harvested, the grain transport truck catches the rice grains, and the belt conveyor catches the straw discharged by the combine harvester and transports it to the straw stacking area.

[0027] Preferably, in step S4, the floating bed connected by the towing boat passes through the floating bed passing area in sequence. When the floating bed reaches the floating bed bend in the floating bed passing area, the position of the harvester's cutting table is adjusted to the rice roots above the water surface and located on the floating board, and the rice is harvested in sequence. The grain truck transports the harvested rice, and the belt conveyor continuously transports the discharged straw for stacking.

[0028] The floating bed rice harvesting device for coal mining subsidence waters of the present invention comprises an operating area, a floating bed passing area, a combine harvester, a grain transport vehicle, a belt conveyor, and a traction boat. A harvesting area is arranged on the operating area, the operating area is located at the shore of the waters of the coal mining subsidence area, the floating bed passing area is located below the harvesting area, the combine harvester is located on the harvesting area, the grain transport vehicle is located on one side of the combine harvester and on the harvesting area, one side of the belt conveyor is adjacent to one side of the combine harvester; and the traction boat is located in the waters.

[0029] The advantages of the present invention are:

[0030] The present invention solves the problem of low manual harvesting efficiency of floating bed rice and easy scattering in water bodies to cause pollution, and provides a method for harvesting floating bed rice in coal mining subsidence waters, which changes the traditional method of harvesting stationary rice by a moving combine harvester to a method of harvesting moving rice by a stationary combine harvester, breaking the traditional harvesting method. In the present invention, the combine harvester does not need to move to the water surface, and there is no problem of draft change. The rice stubble after harvesting is consistent, which is convenient for later processing of the floating bed. Furthermore, the floating bed is moved to the combine harvester by a tugboat, and the floating bed is limited by the floating bed passing area. The position of the floating bed is stable during relative movement, which is convenient for harvesting.

[0031] The present invention has strong adaptability and is particularly suitable for special environments such as coal mining subsidence waters. It can effectively harvest floating rice in irregular and deep water environments. It has high operating efficiency and significantly improves the harvesting speed and overall operating efficiency by replacing manual harvesting with mechanized operations. It has low labor intensity and reduces the workload of manual labor directly involved in harvesting, reduces labor intensity, and improves working conditions. It has high safety and reduces the number of people working in water bodies, reducing safety risks such as drowning and heat stroke. It is environmentally friendly and avoids rice straw from scattering in water bodies, reduces the risk of eutrophication and pollution of water bodies, and protects the ecological environment of water bodies. It has high economic benefits and turns waste into treasure by collecting straw and using straw as a resource to broaden farmers' income channels.

[0032] The floating bed curve is semicircular, and steering rollers are installed on both sides of the floating bed curve to facilitate turning and guiding. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a method for harvesting rice on a floating bed in coal mining subsidence waters according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a floating bed bend according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 The floating bed of the embodiment of the present invention is towed by a towing boat through the floating bed passing area.

[0036] Figure 4 This is a process flow chart of a method for harvesting rice on a floating bed in coal mining subsidence waters according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Numbers in the figure:

[0038] 1. Water area of ​​coal mining subsidence area; 2. Floating bed; 3. Working area; 31. Road; 32. Harvesting area; 33. Straw stacking area; 4. Floating bed passing area; 41. Floating bed entrance; 42. Floating bed curve; 421. Turning roller; 43. Floating bed exit; 5. Grain transport truck; 6. Belt conveyor; 7. Towing boat; 8. Combine harvester. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in combination with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] Embodiment 1:

[0041] like Figure 1As shown, a plurality of floating beds 2 are floating in the water area 1 of the coal mining subsidence area, and rice is planted on the floating beds 2.

[0042] The method for harvesting rice on a floating bed in coal mining subsidence waters comprises the following steps:

[0043] like Figure 4 As shown, step S1: constructing the working area 3 and the floating bed passing area 4.

[0044] In the floating bed rice planting area, a harvesting-related operation area 3 and a floating bed passing area 4 are constructed from the shore to the water area. The operation area 3 includes a road 31, a harvesting area 32 and a straw stacking area 33, and the floating bed passing area 4 includes a floating bed entrance 41, a floating bed bend 42 and a floating bed exit 43. The bottom of the harvesting area 32 is empty, so that the floating bed bend 42 can pass through from below.

[0045] The working area 3 is mainly used for transportation, harvesting and stacking. The road 31 is extended and built along the coal mining subsidence area 1 towards the water area, and a straw stacking area 33 is built at the end of the road 31. The road 31 and the straw stacking area 33 are built with materials such as earth and stone. The harvesting area 32 is supported by concrete pillars at the bottom and the pillars are arranged outside the floating bed bend 42. Concrete is poured on the top to form a stable and reliable harvesting area 32, so that the bottom of the harvesting area 32 is about 1 decimeter above the water surface.

[0046] The road 31 provides transportation conditions for the combine harvester 8 and the grain transport vehicle 5. The straw stacking area 33 is a rice straw stacking place, and a belt conveyor 6 is placed. The harvesting area 32 is a place where the combine harvester 8 and the grain transport vehicle 5 are arranged.

[0047] The floating bed entrance 41 is trumpet-shaped and can be formed by vertically placing planks or other plate members to facilitate the entry of the traction boat 7 and the floating bed 2. Figure 2 As shown, the floating bed bend 42 is semicircular, and steering rollers 421 are installed on both sides of the interior to facilitate turning. The floating bed outlet 43 is extended along the tangent direction of the end of the floating bed bend 42, in a straight line shape, which is convenient for exiting.

[0048] The floating beds 2 float on the water area and are arranged at intervals to provide a culture medium and a floating platform for rice. The traction boat 7 provides traction for harvesting rice on the floating bed.

[0049] Step S2: Floating bed connection.

[0050] When harvesting rice on the floating bed 2, the floating bed 2 is first unfastened and then connected end to end in series in a row with ropes, and the front end is tied to the traction boat 7.

[0051] If it is inconvenient to connect all the floating beds 2 in a series, some of the floating beds 2 may be connected adaptively.

[0052] Step S3: Machine entry.

[0053] like Figure 3 As shown, the combine harvester 8 with straw baling function is arranged on the harvesting area 32, just above the floating bed bend 42, the grain transport vehicle 5 is arranged at the grain outlet of the combine harvester 8, one end of the belt conveyor 6 is arranged at the straw outlet of the combine harvester 8, and the other end is arranged at a suitable position in the straw stacking area 33.

[0054] The combine harvester 8 is placed facing the water with its back to the road 31, and the cutting platform is adjusted to the position above the water surface and at the root of the rice on the floating bed 2, and the floating bed 2 and the rice are moved to the combine harvester 8. The grain transport vehicle 5 is arranged at the grain outlet of the combine harvester 8, and receives the rice grains when the rice is harvested. The belt conveyor 6 receives the straw discharged by the combine harvester 8 and transports it to a suitable position in the straw stacking area 33.

[0055] Step S4: The floating bed 2 is towed by the towing vessel 7 to pass through the floating bed passing area 4 in sequence.

[0056] The floating bed 2 connected by the tugboat 7 passes through the floating bed passing area 4 in turn. When the floating bed 2 reaches the floating bed bend 42, the harvester 8 is adjusted to the position of the cutting platform above the water surface, and the rice roots on the floating bed 2 are harvested in turn. The grain transport vehicle 5 transports the harvested rice in time, and the belt conveyor 6 continuously transports the discharged straw for stacking.

[0057] Step S5: harvesting rice in sequence until the harvesting is completed.

[0058] The rice on the floating bed 2 is harvested in sequence until all the rice is harvested. During the harvesting process, the grain transport vehicle 5 can transport the grain to the shore as needed.

[0059] In this embodiment, when the rice on the floating bed 2 is ripe and ready to be harvested, a harvesting-related operation area is constructed to provide a water operation platform for the harvesting machine, and a floating bed passing area 4 is constructed to provide a fixed channel for the rice floating bed. The rice floating bed is then towed by a traction boat 7 into the fixed channel. At this time, a combine harvester 8 located above the fixed channel performs a harvesting operation, and the generated straw is packaged and stacked in the stacking area, thereby avoiding potential pollution caused by scattering into the water body.

[0060] In this embodiment, the combine harvester 8 does not need to move to the water surface, and there is no problem of draft change. The rice stubble after harvesting is consistent, which is convenient for later processing of the floating bed. Furthermore, the floating bed is moved to the combine harvester 8 by the tugboat 7. The floating bed is limited by the floating bed passing area 4. The position of the floating bed is stable during relative movement, which is convenient for harvesting.

[0061] This embodiment solves the problem that the manual harvesting of floating bed rice is inefficient and easy to scatter in the water body to form pollution, and provides a method for harvesting floating bed rice in coal mining subsidence waters, which changes from the traditional moving combine harvester 8 to harvesting static rice to the moving rice being harvested by the static combine harvester 8, breaking the traditional harvesting concept. This embodiment has strong adaptability and is particularly suitable for the special environment of coal mining subsidence waters, and can effectively harvest floating bed rice in irregular and deep water environments. High operating efficiency, mechanized operation replaces manual harvesting, significantly improving the harvesting speed and overall operating efficiency. Low labor intensity, reducing the workload of manual direct participation in harvesting, reducing labor intensity, and improving working conditions. High safety, reducing the work of personnel in the water body, reducing safety risks such as drowning and heat stroke. Environmentally friendly, avoiding rice straw scattering in the water body, reducing the risk of eutrophication and pollution of the water body, and protecting the ecological environment of the water body. High economic benefits, turning waste into treasure through straw collection, and treating straw as a resource broadens the income channel for farmers.

[0062] Embodiment 2:

[0063] A floating bed rice harvesting device in coal mining subsidence waters comprises an operation area 3, a floating bed passing area 4, a combine harvester 8, a grain transport vehicle, a belt conveyor 6, and a traction boat 7. A harvesting area 32 is provided on the operation area 3, the operation area is located on the shore of the waters of the coal mining subsidence area, the floating bed passing area 4 is located below the harvesting area 32, the combine harvester 8 is located on the harvesting area 32, the grain transport vehicle 5 is located on one side of the combine harvester 8 and on the harvesting area 32, one side of the belt conveyor 6 is adjacent to one side of the combine harvester 8; the traction boat 7 is located in the waters.

[0064] The road 31 and the straw stacking area 33 are built with materials such as earth and stone. The harvesting area 32 is supported by concrete pillars at the bottom and the pillars are arranged outside the floating bed bend 42. Concrete is poured on the top to form a stable and reliable harvesting area 32, so that the bottom of the harvesting area 32 is about 1 decimeter above the water surface.

[0065] The floating bed entrance 41 is trumpet-shaped and can be formed by vertically placing planks or other plate members, so as to facilitate the entry of the tugboat 7 and the floating bed 2. The floating bed bend 42 is semicircular, and steering rollers 421 are installed on both sides of the inside to facilitate turning and movement. The floating bed exit 43 is extended along the tangent direction of the end of the floating bed bend 42, forming a straight line, so as to facilitate the exit of the tugboat 7.

[0066] The combine harvester 8, the grain transport vehicle 5, the belt conveyor 6 and the tractor boat 7 can be selected appropriately according to the needs.

[0067] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments may still be modified, or some of the technical features may be replaced by equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for harvesting rice on a floating bed in coal mining subsidence waters, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step S1: constructing the working area and the floating bed passing area; The operation area includes a harvesting area, and the bottom of the harvesting area is empty; the floating bed passing area is curved and passes through the bottom of the harvesting area; Step S2: floating bed connection; Connect multiple floating beds end to end, and connect the front end of the floating bed at the first position to a tugboat; Step S3: Machine entry; The combine harvester is arranged in the harvesting area, and the header of the combine harvester is adjusted to be above the water surface and located at the root position of the rice on the floating bed; Step S4: The floating bed is towed by the towing ship and passes through the floating bed passing area in sequence; Step S5: harvesting rice in sequence until the harvesting is completed.

2. The method for harvesting rice on a floating bed in coal mining subsidence waters according to claim 1, characterized in that: The operation area also includes a road, which extends along the shore toward the water area, and the harvesting area is located at the end of the road.

3. The method for harvesting rice on a floating bed in coal mining subsidence waters according to claim 1, characterized in that: The working area also includes a straw stacking area, which is located at the end of the road and adjacent to the harvesting area.

4. The method for harvesting rice on a floating bed in coal mining subsidence waters according to claim 1, characterized in that: The floating bed passing area includes a floating bed entrance, a floating bed bend, and a floating bed exit which are connected in sequence, and the floating bed bend is located below the harvesting area.

5. The method for harvesting rice on a floating bed in coal mining subsidence waters according to claim 4, characterized in that: The floating bed inlet is in a trumpet shape, and the floating bed outlet is extended along the tangent direction of the end of the floating bed bend, and the floating bed outlet is in a straight line shape.

6. The method for harvesting rice on a floating bed in coal mining subsidence waters according to claim 4, characterized in that: A plurality of turning rollers are installed at intervals on both sides of the floating bed curve.

7. The method for harvesting rice on a floating bed in coal mining subsidence waters according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the machine also includes a grain transport vehicle and a belt conveyor. The grain transport vehicle is arranged at the grain outlet of the combine harvester; one end of the belt conveyor is arranged at the straw outlet of the combine harvester, and the other end is arranged in the straw stacking area.

8. The method for harvesting rice on a floating bed in coal mining subsidence waters according to claim 7, characterized in that: The combine harvester is placed near the water, and the harvesting table of the combine harvester is adjusted to be above the water surface and located at the root of the rice on the floating bed. The floating bed is moved to the combine harvester, and the grain transport truck is deployed at the grain outlet of the combine harvester. After the rice harvesting is completed, the grain transport truck catches the rice grains, and the belt conveyor catches the straw discharged by the combine harvester and transports it to the straw stacking area.

9. The method for harvesting rice on a floating bed in coal mining subsidence waters according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step S4, the floating bed connected by the towing boat passes through the floating bed passing area in sequence. When the floating bed reaches the floating bed bend in the floating bed passing area, the position of the harvester's cutting table is adjusted to the rice root above the water surface and located on the floating board, and the rice is harvested in sequence. The grain truck transfers the harvested rice, and the belt conveyor continuously transports the discharged straw for stacking.

10. A floating bed rice harvesting device for coal mining subsidence waters, characterized in that: It includes an operating area, a floating bed passing area, a combine harvester, a grain transport vehicle, a belt conveyor, and a traction boat. A harvesting area is set on the operating area. The operating area is located on the shore of the water area in the coal mining subsidence area. The floating bed passing area is located below the harvesting area. The combine harvester is located on the harvesting area. The grain transport vehicle is located on one side of the combine harvester and on the harvesting area. One side of the belt conveyor is adjacent to one side of the combine harvester. The traction boat is located in the water area.

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