Typical protection forest system for oasis in arid region

Abstract

The invention provides a typical protection forest system for an oasis in an arid region, and relates to the technical field of oasis wind prevention and sand fixation. The typical protection forest system for the oasis in the arid region is characterized in that a grass grid shrub sand fixation region, a high vertical sand barrier region, a photovoltaic green plant sand blocking region and a protection forest net region are sequentially constructed from an arid region abdominal land to an arid region desert and oasis junction zone, and a sand soil planting region and a living and breeding region are respectively constructed in the oasis zone. According to the constructed protection forest system, through system configuration, a multi-layer three-dimensional ecological system is constructed, sand dunes can be effectively prevented from moving to erode an oasis, desertification extension is prevented, the microclimate environment of an oasis area is improved, and meanwhile, the protection forest system gives consideration to efficient utilization of water and electricity resources, development of ecological products and promotion of sustainable development of regional economy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of arid oasis ecological protection, and in particular to a typical oasis protection forest system in an arid area. Background Art

[0003] my country's oases are mainly distributed in Xinjiang, Gansu and Inner Mongolia, such as the oasis on the northern slope of the Tianshan Mountains and the Tarim River oasis. Gansu's oases are mainly distributed in the Hexi Corridor, which is an important channel oasis connecting the Central Plains and the Western Regions. At the same time, oases are also an important support for local economic and social development and natural ecosystems. However, population expansion, global warming, strong winds brought by extreme weather, accelerated desertification, and the gradual erosion of oases by the movement of sand dunes have brought severe challenges to the sustainable development of oasis ecosystems. In order to fully exert the ecological and economic benefits of oases, people have tried to use deserts and sandy land to produce crops and develop oasis agriculture by building oasis shelter forests. However, the oasis environment in arid areas is complex, and conventional oasis shelter forests are mainly single poplar forests. The tree species in the shelter forest system are single and easily damaged by pests. The overall configuration of the system structure is unscientific, lacking systematicity and integrity, and the ecological protection effect is poor and difficult to maintain. The sustainable development of the regional economy has also achieved little results. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present application provides a typical shelterbelt system for oasis in arid areas to improve at least some of the above problems.

[0005] A typical shelterbelt system for an arid oasis comprises: constructing grass grid shrub sand fixation areas, high vertical sand barrier areas, photovoltaic green plant sand blocking areas, and shelterbelt network areas in sequence from the hinterland of the arid desert to the boundary between the arid desert and the oasis; and constructing sand soil planting areas and residential and breeding areas in the oasis area.

[0006] According to the characteristics of oasis structure in arid areas and the differences in the characteristics of different plants, different forest types are set up in different zones. A variety of herbaceous plants, shrubs and trees with drought resistance, cold resistance, high temperature resistance and salt-alkali resistance are mixed in the grass grid shrub sand fixation area, high vertical sand barrier area, photovoltaic green sand prevention area and shelterbelt network area (for example, Haloxylon ammodendron, Caragana korshinskii, Flower stick, Tumbleweed, Salicornia herba, Gnaphalium sphaerocephalum, Artemisia ordosum and Cistanche deserticola are mixed in the grass grid shrub sand fixation area; Ophiopogon japonicus, Haloxylon ammodendron, Flower stick, Alfalfa and Gnaphalium sphaerocephalum are mixed in the photovoltaic green plant sand prevention area; Elaeagnus angustifolia, Larix gmelinii, and Populus euphratica are mixed planted in the forest protection network area, combined with a variety of protective barriers to form a stable three-dimensional ecological system, improve the sandy environment, and have economic benefits. At the same time, a variety of cash crops are introduced into the system, and cash crops are planted in the sandy soil planting area. The growth height of the planted cash crops decreases from the edge of the oasis to the center (for example, apples, pears, corn, sorghum, sunflowers, oats, watermelons, potatoes, and forage are mixed planted in the sandy soil planting area), forming a sustainable development system for oases in arid areas.

[0007] Preferably, the shelterbelt system is selected in arid areas with an annual precipitation of 100 mm or more, such as desert areas in Xinjiang, Inner Mongolia, Gansu and other regions.

[0008] Preferably, the method for constructing a grass grid shrub sand-fixing area in the shelterbelt system includes: laying out grass grid sand barriers and planting sand-fixing shrubs, wherein the size of the grass grid sand barriers is 1m*1m, and the ground part of the grass grid retains 10-20cm exposed from the sand surface, and a sand-fixing shrub plant is planted in a grass grid and salt horn grass, sago, and wormwood plants are evenly sown, and the sand-fixing shrub plants are planted in a mixed planting manner, and the sand-fixing shrub plants include Haloxylon ammodendron, Caragana korshinskii, Elaeagnus tumbleweed, and Tumbleweed.

[0009] Preferably, the Haloxylon ammodendron in the grass grid shrub sand fixation area of ​​the shelterbelt system is inoculated with Cistanche deserticola when the Haloxylon ammodendron grows to 2-3 years old.

[0010] Preferably, the method for constructing a high vertical sand barrier area in the shelterbelt system includes: laying out sand barrier baffles to separate the grass grid sand fixation area from the photovoltaic green plant sand blocking area.

[0011] Preferably, the method for constructing the photovoltaic green plant sand-blocking area of ​​the protective forest body includes: laying photovoltaic panels, and planting shrub sand-blocking plants under the photovoltaic panels, and the shrub sand-blocking plant species include fern, saxaul, sedge, alfalfa, and sago.

[0012] Preferably, the method for constructing a shelterbelt network area of ​​the shelterbelt system includes: adopting a staggered planting method to plant Elaeagnus angustifolia, Larix gmelinii and Populus euphratica to form an Elaeagnus angustifolia belt, Larix gmelinii belt and Populus euphratica belt respectively; wherein, Elaeagnus angustifolia is planted near the photovoltaic green plant sand-blocking area, planted in two rows, with a plant spacing of 2.5m, to form an Elaeagnus angustifolia outer belt; Larix gmelinii is planted behind the Elaeagnus angustifolia belt, planted in two rows, with a plant spacing of 2.5m, to form a Larix gmelinii middle belt; Populus euphratica is planted behind the Larix gmelinii middle belt, planted in two rows, with a plant spacing of 5m, to form a Populus euphratica belt.

[0013] Preferably, cash crops are planted in the sandy soil planting area of ​​the shelterbelt system, and a 3-6m corridor is reserved between each cash crop belt. The cash crop species include: pear, apple, corn, sorghum, sunflower, oat, watermelon, potato, and forage grass; among them, apple and pear are planted near the shelterbelt network area, with an apple plant spacing of 2m and a row spacing of 4m, and a pear plant row spacing of 4m, which together constitute the economic fruit tree wind and sand protection area in the sandy soil planting area; corn is planted near the economic fruit tree wind and sand protection area , sorghum, sunflower, oats, watermelon, potatoes, and forage grass: corn plant spacing is 30-40cm, row spacing is 50cm, sorghum plant spacing is 25-35cm, row spacing is 60-65cm, sunflower plant spacing is 60-80cm, row spacing is 60-100cm, oat row and hole spacing is 15-20cm, 5-6 seeds are sown in each hole, row spacing is 20-25cm, watermelon plant spacing is 40-50cm, row spacing is 1.6-2.2m, potato plant spacing is 20-25cm, row spacing is 60-70cm.

[0014] Preferably, firebreaks are arranged inside the shelterbelt network area and at the junction with the photovoltaic green plant sand-blocking area. The firebreaks at the junction of the shelterbelt network area and the photovoltaic green plant sand-blocking area are arranged at a spacing of 5-10m, separating the photovoltaic green plant sand-blocking area from the shelterbelt network area; a firebreak is left between each tree species in the shelterbelt network area.

[0015] This application aims to build a comprehensive, multi-level ecological protection system based on the characteristics of the oasis environment in arid areas, forming a typical desert oasis protection system with integrated governance and economy. The multi-level three-dimensional shelterbelt system constructed on this basis can effectively prevent the movement of sand dunes from eroding the oasis, prevent the expansion of desertification, and improve the microclimate environment of the oasis area. At the same time, the shelterbelt system takes into account the efficient use of water and electricity resources, develops ecological products, and promotes the sustainable development of the regional economy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the shelterbelt system in an embodiment of the present application.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a top view of the shelterbelt system in an embodiment of the present application.

[0019] Reference numerals: 1-Grass grid shrub sand fixation area, 2-High vertical sand barrier area, 3-Photovoltaic green plant sand blocking area, 4-Firebreak belt, 5-Protective forest network area, 6-Sandy soil planting area, 7-Residential and breeding area. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application. Example

[0021] like Figure 1 , 2 As shown, a typical shelterbelt system for arid oasis comprises: a grass grid shrub sand fixation area 1, a high vertical sand barrier area 2, a photovoltaic green plant sand blocking area 3, and a shelterbelt network area 5 are successively constructed from the hinterland of the arid desert to the boundary area between the arid desert and the oasis; and a sandy soil planting area 6 and a residential and breeding area 7 are respectively constructed in the oasis area.

[0022] Through the above six-belt configuration, a complete set of shelterbelt system combining prevention and production has been constructed for arid areas. Various varieties of sand-fixing plants are mixed in the sand-fixing area and the shelterbelt network area 5. When the shelterbelt network area 5 extends to the sandy soil planting area 6, the height of trees in the shelterbelt area increases from the outside to the inside, and the height of the planting area decreases from the outside to the inside, effectively weakening the harm of the main harmful wind in bad weather invading the interior of the shelterbelt. Economic crops are planted in the shelterbelt network area 5 and the sandy soil planting area 6, and the crops complement each other, making full use of the desert oasis resources in the arid area to create ecological and economic value. In addition, the system also gives full play to the development of desert green tourism, bringing new ideas for the accounting and transformation of ecological product value and the increase of GEP total amount.

[0023] Specifically, the typical shelterbelt system of the arid oasis includes: The first zone - grass grid shrub sand fixation area 1: Select grass grids with a length and width of 1m to lay out grass grid sand barriers. It is best if the grass grid is exposed 10-20cm above the sand surface. In the grass grid, a mixed planting method is adopted to plant sand-fixing plants such as Haloxylon ammodendron, Caragana korshinskii, Flower Stick, and Tumbleweed, with one plant planted in one grass grid; in addition, since Haloxylon ammodendron is the host of Cistanche deserticola, Cistanche deserticola can be inoculated when Haloxylon ammodendron grows to 2-3 years old. After mixed planting, plants such as Artemisia ordosica, Salicornia herba, and Psammophyllum are evenly planted in the grass grid area by sowing seeds. Grass grids are also called grass walls for sand fixation. The part exposed to the ground can weaken the kinetic energy of airflow and reduce the flow rate, achieving "an inch of grass blocking a foot of wind". Around April to May, some drought-resistant, cold-resistant, salt-alkali-resistant and sand-fixing shrub plants with developed root systems are sown or transplanted in the grass grids, which can effectively enhance the sand fixation effect of the sand fixation area, increase the roughness of the near-ground layer, and prevent the movement of sand dunes to erode the oasis. In addition, drought-tolerant plants such as sago, wormwood and salt-alkali resistant plants such as salina are sown and planted in the grass grids. The adoption of equidistant mixed planting of various low windbreak and sand-fixing tree species can not only increase the biodiversity of the area, prevent insect pests, and mix salt-secreting plants with salt-absorbing plants to avoid sand salinization, but also the planted drought-tolerant plants and salt-alkali resistant plants will gradually decompose the grass grids in the area, forming a soil crust in the sand-fixing area, which helps to retain water and maintain the sand. The sand in the sand-fixing area is improved, combined with the role of sand barriers, the sand-fixing effect is improved, and a grass grid small ecosystem is gradually formed. It expands outward with the improvement of the local ecological environment, realizing ecological complementarity. When the plants and shrubs in the grass grid shrub sand-fixing area 1 grow up, they can not only prevent wind and fix sand, but also be used as food, feed, and medicine. By sowing Cistanche deserticola under Haloxylon ammodendron 2-3 years after planting Haloxylon ammodendron, it can bring good economic benefits. After the overall effect is improved, due to their characteristics, tumbleweeds will "roll" to the heart of the desert and spread their seeds when the wind blows, and the sand-fixing area outside the oasis will naturally expand.

[0024] The second zone - high vertical sand barrier area 2: sand barrier baffles made of materials such as reed bundles, nylon nets and cotton cloth are laid in the high vertical sand barrier area 2 to separate the grass grid sand fixation area from the photovoltaic green plant sand blocking area 3. The sand barrier baffle can increase the roughness of the desert surface, artificially change the wind speed profile, effectively reduce the surface wind speed, reduce the impact of wind force, increase the humidity of the sand layer, and ultimately improve the survival rate of sand fixation plants. In the early stage of the construction of the fence system, the sand barrier baffle not only protects the plants in the sand barrier, but also prevents wild animals from entering to forage and destroy the newly established fragile protection system. In addition, considering the water needs of oasis wild animals, a wild animal water intake can be set outside the sand barrier in the water source area.

[0025] Furthermore, the method for constructing the photovoltaic green plant sand-blocking area 3 of the protective forest body includes: laying photovoltaic panels near the sand barrier baffle area, and planting shrub sand-blocking plants under the photovoltaic panels. The shrub sand-blocking plant species include fern, saxaul, sedge, alfalfa, and sago.

[0026] The third zone - photovoltaic green plant sand-blocking zone 3: photovoltaic panels are laid near the sand barrier baffle area, and shrub sand-blocking plants such as sheep firewood, haloxylon ammodendron, flower stick, alfalfa, and sand rice are planted under the photovoltaic panels. Solar energy is a clean energy and has gradually become a new favorite in the global energy field. The vast desert area not only has a large amount of unused land, but also has sufficient solar energy. It is undoubtedly a very good emerging choice and can optimize my country's energy structure. Desert photovoltaic power generation projects can effectively reduce wind speed, reduce water evaporation, improve local microclimate, and promote vegetation growth by building photovoltaic panels in desert areas, thereby achieving the effects of wind-proof sand fixation and ecological restoration. The shielding effect of photovoltaic panels reduces soil water evaporation, improves soil fertility, increases vegetation coverage, and helps improve the desert ecological environment. Planting sand-fixing plants or pastures under photovoltaic panels can not only fix sand, but also prevent strong winds from blowing away the sand under the photovoltaic panels and exposing the base of the photovoltaic panels. After the soil is improved, economic crops can be planted, and pastures under the panels can also be used for grazing to prevent plants from blocking the photovoltaic panels too high. The water used to clean the photovoltaic panels flows directly to the bottom of the panels to irrigate the green plant area. The new model of "generating electricity on panels and planting crops under panels" not only protects the ecological environment, but also outputs green energy, achieving synergistic improvements in economic, social and ecological benefits.

[0027] Furthermore, the method for constructing the shelterbelt network area 5 of the shelterbelt system includes: adopting a staggered planting method to plant Elaeagnus angustifolia, Larix gmelinii, and Populus euphratica to form an Elaeagnus angustifolia belt, Larix gmelinii belt, and Populus euphratica belt respectively; wherein, Elaeagnus angustifolia is planted in two rows near the photovoltaic green plant sand-blocking area 3, with a plant spacing of 2.5m per row, forming an Elaeagnus angustifolia outer belt; Larix gmelinii is planted behind the Elaeagnus angustifolia belt, with a plant spacing of 2.5m per row, forming a Larix gmelinii middle belt; Populus euphratica is planted behind the Larix gmelinii middle belt, with two rows planted, with a plant spacing of 5m per row, forming a Populus euphratica belt.

[0028] The fourth zone - Shelterbelt Network Area 5: Shelterbelt Network Area 5 selects Elaeagnus angustifolia, Scots pine and Populus euphratica for staggered planting. The area close to the photovoltaic green plant sand-blocking area 3 belongs to the outer zone, with two rows planted, and the spacing between rows and plants is 2.5m. Elaeagnus angustifolia is planted in two rows, forming the Elaeagnus angustifolia outer zone; Scots pine is planted behind the Elaeagnus angustifolia belt, with two rows planted, and the two rows are planted in a staggered manner, with a spacing of 2.5m, forming the Scots pine middle zone; Populus euphratica is planted behind the Scots pine middle zone, with two rows planted, and the spacing between rows and plants is 5m, and the two rows are planted in a staggered manner, forming the Populus euphratica belt. Elaeagnus angustifolia is drought-resistant and cold-resistant, and its fruit is not only edible and medicinal, but can also be used as animal feed; Pinus sylvestris, as a fast-growing tree species, is not only suitable for wood production, greening protection and soil and water conservation, but can also be used as a building and furniture material, and its trunk can be used to cut resin, extract rosin and turpentine, and its bark can be used to extract baked gum; Populus euphratica is cold-resistant, drought-resistant, salt-alkali-resistant and wind-sand-resistant, and can be used as an ornamental plant. Its wood can be used for a variety of purposes and can also be used as animal feed and medicinal materials. The design of the shelterbelt network area 5 constructs a two-layer structure from low to high from the periphery to the center, effectively resisting wind and sand invasion, forming a good biological microclimate, and preventing secondary salinization of the soil.

[0029] The fifth zone - sandy soil planting zone 6: cash crops are planted in the sandy soil planting zone 6, and a 3-6m corridor is reserved between each cash crop zone. The cash crop species include: pear, apple, corn, sorghum, sunflower, oat, watermelon, potato, and forage grass; among them, apple and pear are planted near the shelterbelt network zone 5, with an apple plant spacing of 2m and a row spacing of 4m, and a pear plant row spacing of 4m, which together constitute a sand-proof zone for economic fruit trees in the sandy soil; the corn plant spacing is 30-40cm (the specific plant spacing depends on the planting season), The row spacing is 50cm; the row spacing of oats is 15-20cm, 5-6 seeds are sown in each hole, and the row spacing is between 20-25cm; the sorghum plant spacing is 25-35cm, and the row spacing is 60-65cm; the sunflower plant spacing is 60-80cm, and the row spacing is 60-100cm (the specific row spacing depends on the growth height of the sunflower variety); the watermelon plant spacing is 40-50cm, and the row spacing is 1.6-2.2m; the potato plant spacing is 20-25cm, and the row spacing is 60-70cm; forage grass is sown evenly according to the actual situation and type. It should be noted that due to climatic factors, precipitation is scarce in arid areas, and the soil specific heat capacity in desert areas is low, and the temperature in summer is extremely high. These conditions jointly intensify the evaporation of water. The soil in these areas is usually thin and loose in structure, making it difficult to retain water and nutrients, making crop planting extremely difficult. By applying technologies such as chemical sand improvement, the ability of sand to retain water, fertilizer and soil can be significantly improved, giving the sand soil similar characteristics to soil, and then economic crops can be planted in the soilified sand planting area to develop oasis agriculture. By rationally arranging crops in the sandy soil planting area 6, fruit trees are planted on the outermost periphery, which not only has the effect of preventing wind and fixing sand, but also can obtain high-quality fruits with high sugar content. From the periphery to the inside, the height of crops gradually decreases, and crops such as corn, oats, sorghum, sunflowers, watermelons, potatoes and forage are planted in turn to develop oasis agriculture. In addition, the sandy soil planting area 6 can be irrigated with drip irrigation technology, concentrated and continuous planting, which is convenient for drones to carry out modern fertilization operations. Through the rotation system, soil fertility can be continuously improved. Combining multiple methods can significantly improve the ecological environment and microclimate of the oasis.

[0030] The sixth zone - residential and breeding area 7: Residential and breeding area 7 is for residential areas and livestock and poultry breeding. The oasis pasture is used to raise sheep and other livestock, so as to realize the on-site utilization of resources and create economic value. After fermentation, livestock manure becomes a high-quality organic fertilizer, which can improve the soil and effectively prevent land hardening. In addition, sheep and other livestock can graze in the greening and sand prevention area under the photovoltaic panels, which helps to control the growth of shrubs and herbaceous plants, preventing them from being too high and blocking the photovoltaic panels, thereby reducing the power generation efficiency. At the same time, road land is reserved in each economic crop planting area to facilitate the passage of subsequent machinery and vehicles.

[0031] Furthermore, firebreaks 4 are arranged inside the shelterbelt network area 5 and at the junction with the photovoltaic green plant sand-blocking area 3. The firebreaks 4 arranged at the junction of the shelterbelt network area 5 and the photovoltaic green plant sand-blocking area 3 are spaced 5-10m apart, separating the photovoltaic green plant sand-blocking area 3 from the shelterbelt network area 5. A firebreak 4 is left between each tree species in the shelterbelt network area 5, which can not only prevent the spread of fire, but also can be used as a road to facilitate the passage of machinery and vehicles, and also reserve space for the development of future tourism and viewing activities.

[0032] Finally, it should be clearly pointed out that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A typical shelterbelt system for oasis in arid areas, characterized by: include: In the hinterland of the arid desert to the junction of the arid desert and the oasis, grass grid shrub sand fixation areas, high vertical sand barrier areas, photovoltaic green plant sand control areas, and protective forest network areas are constructed in sequence; and sand soil planting areas and residential and breeding areas are constructed in the oasis area.

2. The shelterbelt system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grass grid shrub sand fixation area, high vertical sand barrier area, photovoltaic green sand control area, and protective forest network area are respectively planted with a variety of herbaceous plants, shrubs, and trees that are drought-resistant, cold-resistant, high-temperature-resistant, and salt-alkali-resistant. The sandy soil planting area is planted with economic crops, and the growth height of the economic crops planted decreases from the edge of the oasis to the center.

3. The shelterbelt system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method for constructing a grass grid shrub sand-fixing area in the shelterbelt system includes: laying out grass grid sand barriers and planting sand-fixing shrubs, wherein the size of the grass grid sand barriers is 1m*1m, and the ground part of the grass grid retains 10-20cm exposed from the sand surface, and a sand-fixing shrub plant is planted in a grass grid and salt horn grass, sago, and wormwood plants are evenly sown, and the sand-fixing shrub plants are planted in a mixed planting method, and the sand-fixing shrub plants include Haloxylon ammodendron, Caragana korshinskii, Elaeagnus tumbleweed, and Tumbleweed.

4. The shelterbelt system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method in the shelterbelt system includes: laying sand barrier baffles to separate the grass grid sand fixation area from the photovoltaic green plant sand blocking area.

5. The shelterbelt system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method for constructing the photovoltaic green plant sand-blocking area of ​​the protective forest body includes: laying photovoltaic panels, and planting shrub sand-blocking plants under the photovoltaic panels. The shrub sand-blocking plant species include fern, saxaul, sedge, alfalfa, and sago.

6. The shelterbelt system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method for constructing a shelterbelt network area of ​​the shelterbelt system includes: adopting a staggered planting method to plant Elaeagnus angustifolia, Larix gmelinii and Populus euphratica to form an Elaeagnus angustifolia belt, Larix gmelinii belt and Populus euphratica belt respectively; wherein, Elaeagnus angustifolia is planted near the photovoltaic green plant sand-blocking area, with two rows planted and a row spacing of 2.5m, forming an Elaeagnus angustifolia outer belt; Larix gmelinii is planted behind the Elaeagnus angustifolia belt, with two rows planted and a row spacing of 2.5m, forming a Larix gmelinii middle belt; Populus euphratica is planted behind the Larix gmelinii middle belt, with two rows planted and a row spacing of 5m, forming a Populus euphratica belt.

7. The shelterbelt system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Cash crops are planted in the sandy soil planting area of ​​the shelterbelt system, and a 3-6m corridor is reserved between each cash crop belt. The cash crop species include: pear, apple, corn, sorghum, sunflower, oat, watermelon, potato, and forage grass; among them, apple and pear are planted near the shelterbelt network area, with a plant spacing of 2m and a row spacing of 4m, and a plant and row spacing of 4m for pears, which together constitute the economic fruit tree wind and sand protection area in the sandy soil planting area; corn and sorghum are planted near the economic fruit tree wind and sand protection area. Sorghum, sunflower, oats, watermelon, potato, and forage grass: corn plant spacing is 30-40cm, row spacing is 50cm, sorghum plant spacing is 25-35cm, row spacing is 60-65cm, sunflower plant spacing is 60-80cm, row spacing is 60-100cm, oat row hole spacing is 15-20cm, 5-6 seeds are sown in each hole, row spacing is 20-25cm, watermelon plant spacing is 40-50cm, row spacing is 1.6-2.2m, potato plant spacing is 20-25cm, row spacing is 60-70cm.

8. The shelterbelt system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Firebreaks are arranged inside the shelterbelt network area and at the junction with the photovoltaic green plant sand-blocking area. The firebreaks at the junction of the shelterbelt network area and the photovoltaic green plant sand-blocking area are arranged at a spacing of 5-10m, separating the photovoltaic green plant sand-blocking area from the shelterbelt network area; a firebreak is left between each tree species in the shelterbelt network area.

9. The shelterbelt system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shelterbelt system is selected in arid areas with an annual precipitation of 100 mm or more, such as desert areas in Xinjiang, Inner Mongolia, Gansu and other regions.

10. The shelterbelt system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The shelterbelt system according to claim 2 is characterized in that the grass grid shrub sand-fixing area is mixed with Haloxylon ammodendron, Caragana korshinskii, Coleus chinensis, Tumbleweed, Salicornia herba, Gnaphalium serrata, and Artemisia ordosus; the photovoltaic green plant sand-blocking area is mixed with Fructus sylvestris, Haloxylon ammodendron, Coleus chinensis, Alfalfa, and Gnaphalium serrata; the shelterbelt network area is mixed with Elaeagnus angustifolia, Larix gmelinii, and Populus euphratica; the sandy soil planting area is mixed with apples, pears, corn, sorghum, sunflowers, oats, watermelons, potatoes, and forage.

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