Method for inhibiting growth of alien invasive plants based on biological control technology

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for inhibiting growth of alien invasive plants based on a biological control technology, and relates to the technical field of biological control. The method comprises the following steps: S1, soil preparation; s2, making a planting scheme: selecting seedlings of two tree species of ficus hispida and paper mulberry, and designing a ficus hispida and paper mulberry mixed forest planting scheme; s3, vegetation reconstruction: according to the planting scheme in S2, mixed planting of ficus hispida and broussonetia papyrifera is carried out in spring and autumn, the ratio of ficus hispida to broussonetia papyrifera is (1-2): 1, planting holes are dug according to plant spacing, base fertilizer is put into each hole, the base fertilizer and hole bottom soil are uniformly mixed, and planting is carried out after the planting holes are drenched by raining; s4, scientific management: after planting, performing regular watering, fertilization, weeding and pest control on the seedlings, and performing trunk cutting and pruning on the paper mulberry to keep healthy growth of the seedlings; s5, ecological environment regulation and control: in the middle and later periods of nursery stock growth, wood chips are applied to the soil of the planting land to increase the carbon content of the soil; controlling the total phosphorus of the water source of the irrigation water to be less than 5mg / L; and S6, regularly monitoring.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of biological control technology, in particular to a method for inhibiting the growth of alien invasive plants based on biological control technology. Background Art

[0002] Alien species refer to species that appear in areas outside the historically known natural range due to intentional or unintentional human activities or accidental events. The invasion of alien species, whether man-made or accidental, will change the ecological characteristics of the original ecosystem. They often reproduce in large numbers and occupy ecological niches, excluding original species. The invasion of alien species sometimes causes the extinction of some local species. Some alien species are intentionally introduced by humans, called "alien species", and some invade naturally or are brought in accidentally by humans, called "invasive species". In either case, there will be devastating consequences.

[0003] Chamomile, also known as small-flowered creeper or small-flowered false zedoaria, is a perennial herb or shrub-like climbing vine of the Asteraceae family. Chamomile is one of the first invasive alien species in China. It has caused huge economic losses and serious biosecurity threats to local agricultural and forestry production, ecological environment and biodiversity.

[0004] The control methods for invasive plants mainly include physical removal, chemical removal and biological control. Physical removal mainly uses mechanical and manual methods to remove invasive plants. Chemical removal removes or controls invasive plants by applying pesticides such as herbicides. Biological control usually controls invasive plants by introducing associated natural enemies. The current physical, chemical and biological control technologies often achieve good results for a while, but they face the problem of repeated outbreaks of invasive plants. Physical removal is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and it is impossible to control recurrence. For example, after artificial removal of invasive plants such as spotted knapweed and chamomile, invasive plants still recur periodically, which is a problem that plagues ecological management. Chemical removal is difficult to kill plant roots, and not only cannot curb repeated outbreaks, but will cause environmental pollution and habitat degradation. While biological control prevents and removes invasive plants, there are certain ecological risks and more serious invasion consequences. Therefore, we propose a method based on biological control technology to inhibit the growth of alien invasive plants in order to solve the above problems.

[0005] The above information disclosed in this background technology is only used to increase the understanding of the background technology of the present invention and therefore, it may include information that does not constitute the prior art known to ordinary technicians in this field. Summary of the invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide a method for inhibiting the growth of alien invasive plants based on biological control technology to solve the problems raised by the above background technology.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a method for inhibiting the growth of alien invasive plants based on biological control technology, comprising the following steps:

[0008] S1. Land preparation: clear the land in the area invaded by Microchamomile;

[0009] S2. Formulate a planting plan: Select seedlings of two tree species, Ficus microcarpa and Broussonetia papyrifera, and design a planting plan for a mixed forest of Ficus microcarpa and Broussonetia papyrifera;

[0010] S3. Vegetation reconstruction: According to the planting plan of S2, mixed planting of Ficus microcarpa and Broussonetia papyrifera was carried out in spring and autumn, with the ratio of Ficus microcarpa to Broussonetia papyrifera being 1-2:1. Planting holes were dug according to the plant spacing, basal fertilizer was added to each hole, the basal fertilizer was mixed with the soil at the bottom of the hole, and planting was carried out after the planting hole was soaked by rain;

[0011] S4. Scientific management: After planting, the seedlings should be watered, fertilized, weeded and pest-controlled regularly, and the paper mulberry trees should be pruned to keep the seedlings growing healthily;

[0012] S5. Ecological environment regulation: In the middle and late stages of seedling growth, add sawdust to the soil of the planting area to increase soil carbon content; control the total phosphorus content of irrigation water to less than 5 mg / L;

[0013] S6. Regular monitoring: Regularly observe the ecological environment changes of mixed forests to prevent the recurrence of invasive plants.

[0014] Preferably, in S2, the height of the seedlings is 60 to 70 cm.

[0015] Preferably, the planting scheme in S2 is: the row spacing of Ficus microcarpa is 80-100 cm×160-200 cm, the row spacing of Broussonetia papyrifera is 120-150 cm×160-200 cm, and the Ficus microcarpa and Broussonetia papyrifera are planted alternately in rows.

[0016] Preferably, the planting scheme in S2 is: the row spacing of Ficus microcarpa is 80-100 cm×160-200 cm, the row spacing of Broussonetia papyrifera is 120-150 cm×160-200 cm, and the Ficus microcarpa and Broussonetia papyrifera are planted alternately in rows.

[0017] Preferably, in S3, the planting hole is 30 cm×30 cm, and the base fertilizer is organic compound fertilizer.

[0018] Preferably, in S4, the first fertilization in the planting year is in late April, with 0.3-0.5 kg of compound fertilizer applied per plant; the second fertilization is in early July, with 0.5-0.8 kg of compound fertilizer applied per plant; the third fertilization is in mid-to-late October, with 0.8-1 kg of compound fertilizer applied per plant.

[0019] Preferably, in S4, pest control is mainly focused on preventing two pests: thrips and moths.

[0020] Preferably, in S4, three new branches of the paper mulberry tree that are vigorous, evenly distributed and not in the same trajectory are selected as main branches for cultivation, and the remaining branches are all thinned out, and the selected main branches are lightly pruned in late autumn; in the second year, two side branches are selected from each main branch, and the side branches are medium-pruned in late autumn.

[0021] Preferably, in S5, wood chips are applied once in August and once in September, with 0.2-0.5 kg applied to the soil near each seedling.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] The present invention can quickly reduce the invasion of microchamomile through the prevention and control means of mixed planting of ficus and paper mulberry and control of indigenous plants, and can also generate economic benefits. By regulating the ecological environment of the planting site, increasing the soil carbon content and controlling the phosphorus content of irrigation water, the phosphorus nutrient enrichment of the soil is prevented, thereby effectively inhibiting the spread of microchamomile.

[0024] The above summary is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to be limiting in any way. In addition to the illustrative aspects, embodiments and features described above, further aspects, embodiments and features of the present invention will be readily apparent by reference to the accompanying drawings and the following detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of planting in Example 1 and Example 3 of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a planting schematic diagram of Example 2 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] Example 1

[0029] This embodiment takes the woodland invaded by Microchamomile in Qingyuan District, Ji'an City as an example.

[0030] In March 2022, 10 mu of forest land was selected in the forest for prevention and control, including the following steps:

[0031] S1. Land preparation: Clear the land in the area invaded by chamomile, remove chamomile and dead trees and shrubs and other weeds, and retain the native plants that survive in the forest;

[0032] S2. Develop a planting plan: Select seedlings of two tree species, Ficus microcarpa and Broussonetia papyrifera, with a seedling height of 60 cm, and design a planting plan for a mixed forest of Ficus microcarpa and Broussonetia papyrifera: the row spacing of Ficus microcarpa is 80 cm × 160 cm, and the row spacing of Broussonetia papyrifera is 120 cm × 160 cm. Ficus microcarpa and Broussonetia papyrifera are planted in alternating rows, such as Figure 1 As shown;

[0033] S3. Vegetation reconstruction: According to the planting plan of S2, mixed planting of Ficus microcarpa and Broussonetia papyrifera was carried out in spring, with the ratio of Ficus microcarpa to Broussonetia papyrifera being 1.7:1. 30 cm × 30 cm planting holes were dug according to the row spacing, and organic compound fertilizer was put into each hole as basal fertilizer. The basal fertilizer was mixed with the soil at the bottom of the hole, and the planting was carried out after the planting hole was soaked by rain;

[0034] S4. Scientific management: After planting, the seedlings should be watered, fertilized, weeded and pest-controlled regularly to keep them growing healthily, and the dead seedlings should be removed and replanted in time;

[0035] The first fertilization in the planting year is in late April, with 0.3kg of compound fertilizer per plant; the second fertilization is in early July, with 0.5kg of compound fertilizer per plant; the third fertilization is in mid-to-late October, with 0.8kg of compound fertilizer per plant;

[0036] Pest control focuses on preventing two pests: thrips and moths;

[0037] Prune the tree trunks and branches. Select three strong, evenly distributed and non-same-track branches from the new branches of the tree as main branches. Remove all other branches and perform light pruning on the selected main branches in late autumn. In the second year, select two side branches from each main branch and perform medium-short pruning on the side branches in late autumn.

[0038] S5. Ecological environment regulation: In the middle and late stages of seedling growth, apply sawdust to the soil of the planting area to increase soil carbon content; apply sawdust once in August and September, and apply 0.3 kg of sawdust to the soil near each seedling;

[0039] Control the total phosphorus content of irrigation water to less than 5 mg / L;

[0040] S6. Regular monitoring: Regularly observe the ecological environment changes of mixed forests to prevent the recurrence of invasive plants.

[0041] Control effect: In August 2024, an investigation was conducted on the forest land, and it was found that there was no more invasion and damage caused by Microchamomile. While controlling the invasion of Microchamomile, the healthy development of the forest land was restored and the recurrence of Microchamomile was effectively prevented.

[0042] Example 2

[0043] This embodiment takes the bamboo forest invaded by Microchamomile in Qingyuan District, Ji'an City as an example.

[0044] In March 2022, 10 mu of bamboo forest was selected in the bamboo forest for prevention and control, including the following steps:

[0045] S1. Land preparation: Clear the land in the area invaded by chamomile, remove chamomile, dead bamboo and other weeds, and retain the native plants that survive in the bamboo forest;

[0046] S2. Develop a planting plan: Select seedlings of two tree species, Ficus microcarpa and Broussonetia papyrifera, with a seedling height of 70 cm, and design a planting plan for a mixed forest of Ficus microcarpa and Broussonetia papyrifera: Plant them wherever there are gaps in the bamboo forest, keeping the average spacing between Ficus microcarpa and Broussonetia papyrifera at 100 cm × 200 cm and the average spacing between Ficus microcarpa and Broussonetia papyrifera at 150 cm × 200 cm. Plant Ficus microcarpa and Broussonetia papyrifera in rows in an alternating pattern, such as Figure 2 As shown;

[0047] S3. Vegetation reconstruction: According to the planting plan of S2, mixed planting of Ficus microcarpa and Broussonetia papyrifera was carried out in spring, with the ratio of Ficus microcarpa to Broussonetia papyrifera being 1.7:1. 30 cm × 30 cm planting holes were dug according to the row spacing, and organic compound fertilizer was put into each hole as basal fertilizer. The basal fertilizer was mixed with the soil at the bottom of the hole, and the planting was carried out after the planting hole was soaked by rain;

[0048] S4. Scientific management: After planting, the seedlings should be watered, fertilized, weeded and pest-controlled regularly to keep them growing healthily;

[0049] The first fertilization in the planting year is in late April, with 0.4 kg of compound fertilizer per plant; the second fertilization is in early July, with 0.6 kg of compound fertilizer per plant; the third fertilization is in mid-to-late October, with 0.9 kg of compound fertilizer per plant;

[0050] Pest control focuses on preventing two pests: thrips and moths;

[0051] Prune the tree trunks and branches. Select three strong, evenly distributed and non-same-track branches from the new branches of the tree as main branches. Remove all other branches and perform light pruning on the selected main branches in late autumn. In the second year, select two side branches from each main branch and perform medium-short pruning on the side branches in late autumn.

[0052] S5. Ecological environment regulation: In the middle and late stages of seedling growth, apply sawdust to the soil of the planting area to increase soil carbon content; apply sawdust once in August and September, and apply 0.4 kg of sawdust to the soil near each seedling;

[0053] Control the total phosphorus content of irrigation water to less than 5 mg / L;

[0054] S6. Regular monitoring: Regularly observe the ecological environment changes of mixed forests to prevent the recurrence of invasive plants.

[0055] Control effect: In June 2024, an investigation was conducted on the bamboo forest and it was found that there was no more invasion and damage caused by Microchamomile.

[0056] Example 3

[0057] This embodiment takes the natural secondary forest invaded by Microchamomile in Qingyuan District, Ji'an City as an example.

[0058] In March 2022, 10 mu of natural secondary forest was selected for prevention and control, including the following steps:

[0059] S1. Land preparation: Clear the land in the area invaded by chamomile, remove chamomile and dead trees and shrubs and other weeds, and retain the native plants that survive in the natural secondary forest;

[0060] S2. Formulate a planting plan: select seedlings of two tree species, Ficus microcarpa and Broussonetia papyrifera, with a seedling height of 60 to 70 cm, and design a planting plan for a mixed forest of Ficus microcarpa and Broussonetia papyrifera: the row spacing of Ficus microcarpa is 80 cm × 160 cm, and the row spacing of Broussonetia papyrifera is 120 cm × 160 cm, and Ficus microcarpa and Broussonetia papyrifera are planted in alternating rows;

[0061] S3. Vegetation reconstruction: According to the planting plan of S2, mixed planting of Ficus microcarpa and Broussonetia papyrifera was carried out in spring, with the ratio of Ficus microcarpa to Broussonetia papyrifera being 1.7:1. 30 cm × 30 cm planting holes were dug according to the row spacing, and organic compound fertilizer was put into each hole as basal fertilizer. The basal fertilizer was mixed with the soil at the bottom of the hole, and the planting was carried out after the planting hole was soaked by rain;

[0062] S4. Scientific management: After planting, the seedlings should be watered, fertilized, weeded and pest-controlled regularly to keep them growing healthily;

[0063] The first fertilization in the planting year is in late April, with 0.5 kg of compound fertilizer per plant; the second fertilization is in early July, with 0.8 kg of compound fertilizer per plant; the third fertilization is in mid-to-late October, with 1 kg of compound fertilizer per plant;

[0064] Pest control focuses on preventing two pests: thrips and moths;

[0065] Prune the tree trunks and branches. Select three strong, evenly distributed and non-same-track branches from the new branches of the tree as main branches. Remove all other branches and perform light pruning on the selected main branches in late autumn. In the second year, select two side branches from each main branch and perform medium-short pruning on the side branches in late autumn.

[0066] S5. Ecological environment regulation: In the middle and late stages of seedling growth, apply sawdust to the soil of the planting area to increase soil carbon content; apply sawdust once in August and September, and apply 0.5 kg of sawdust to the soil near each seedling;

[0067] Control the total phosphorus content of irrigation water to less than 5 mg / L;

[0068] S6. Regular monitoring: Regularly observe the ecological environment changes of mixed forests to prevent the recurrence of invasive plants.

[0069] Control effect: In August 2024, a survey was conducted on the natural secondary forest, and it was found that there was no more invasion and harm from chamomile, and the forest vegetation community was finally restored.

[0070] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example" or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, unless they are contradictory.

[0071] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and are not to be construed as limitations of the present invention. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, replace and vary the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for inhibiting the growth of invasive alien plants based on biological control technology, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. Land preparation: clear the land in the area invaded by Microchamomile; S2. Formulate a planting plan: Select seedlings of two tree species, Ficus microcarpa and Broussonetia papyrifera, and design a planting plan for a mixed forest of Ficus microcarpa and Broussonetia papyrifera; S3. Vegetation reconstruction: According to the planting plan of S2, mixed planting of Ficus microcarpa and Broussonetia papyrifera was carried out in spring and autumn, with the ratio of Ficus microcarpa to Broussonetia papyrifera being 1-2:

1. Planting holes were dug according to the plant spacing, basal fertilizer was added to each hole, the basal fertilizer was mixed with the soil at the bottom of the hole, and planting was carried out after the planting hole was soaked by rain; S4. Scientific management: After planting, the seedlings should be watered, fertilized, weeded and pest-controlled regularly, and the paper mulberry trees should be pruned to keep the seedlings growing healthily; S5. Ecological environment regulation: In the middle and late stages of seedling growth, add sawdust to the soil of the planting area to increase soil carbon content; control the total phosphorus content of irrigation water to less than 5 mg / L; S6. Regular monitoring: Regularly observe the ecological environment changes of mixed forests to prevent the recurrence of invasive plants.

2. The method for inhibiting the growth of invasive alien plants based on biological control technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S2, the height of the seedlings is 60 to 70 cm.

3. The method for inhibiting the growth of invasive alien plants based on biological control technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The planting scheme in S2 is: the row spacing of Ficus microcarpa is 80-100cm×160-200cm, the row spacing of Broussonetia scoparia is 120-150cm×160-200cm, and the Ficus microcarpa and Broussonetia scoparia are planted alternately in rows.

4. The method for inhibiting the growth of invasive alien plants based on biological control technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S3, the planting hole is 30 cm×30 cm, and the base fertilizer is organic compound fertilizer.

5. The method for inhibiting the growth of invasive alien plants based on biological control technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S4, the first fertilization in the planting year is in late April, with 0.3-0.5 kg of compound fertilizer applied per plant; the second fertilization is in early July, with 0.5-0.8 kg of compound fertilizer applied per plant; the third fertilization is in mid-to-late October, with 0.8-1 kg of compound fertilizer applied per plant.

6. The method for inhibiting the growth of invasive alien plants based on biological control technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S4, the pest control is mainly to prevent two pests, thrips and moths.

7. The method for inhibiting the growth of invasive alien plants based on biological control technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S4, three new branches of the paper mulberry tree that are strong, evenly distributed and not in the same trajectory are selected as main branches for cultivation, and the remaining branches are all thinned out. The selected main branches are lightly pruned in late autumn; in the second year, two side branches are selected on each main branch, and the side branches are medium-shortened in late autumn.

8. The method for inhibiting the growth of invasive alien plants based on biological control technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S5, wood chips are applied once in August and once in September, with 0.2-0.5 kg applied to the soil near each seedling.

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