Energy storage system and method based on fire fighting

Abstract

The invention relates to an energy storage system and method based on fire fighting, and the system comprises a battery system. A smoke exhaust pipeline system and a fire extinguishing pipeline system are respectively arranged on the battery system; the battery pack comprises a battery shell; a plurality of battery cell spacers are arranged in the battery shell and divide a closed inner cavity of the battery shell into a plurality of independent battery chambers for storing lithium iron phosphate battery cells; a communication channel is arranged in the battery shell; the communicating channel comprises a smoke collecting chamber and a medicament fire extinguishing chamber; the smoke collecting chamber is communicated with the medicament fire extinguishing chamber through a common through hole; the smoke collecting chamber and the medicament fire extinguishing chamber are respectively communicated with a smoke discharging pipeline system and a fire extinguishing pipeline system; a VOC composite detector is arranged in the closed inner cavity; the device is reasonable in design, compact in structure and convenient to use.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a fire-fighting-based energy storage system and method. Background Art

[0002] Lithium iron phosphate batteries are currently the most widely used type of batteries in energy storage systems. Their safety issues have not yet been completely resolved, and accidents such as fire and explosion often occur.

[0003] In order to solve the problem of fire and explosion accidents in lithium iron phosphate battery energy storage systems and reduce unnecessary property and personnel losses, the present invention proposes a fire-fighting-based energy storage system, aiming to reduce or suppress the hazards of fire in the energy storage system.

[0004] In addition, in energy storage systems such as lithium iron phosphate batteries, it is more common to use aerosols, heptafluoropropane, and perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing agents. Among these three agents, perfluorohexanone is considered to be a more ideal fire extinguishing medium because of its low toxicity, low pollution, high heat absorption capacity, and large latent heat of vaporization. Currently known energy storage systems mostly use a three-level fire fighting mode, namely battery pack-level fire fighting, battery compartment-level fire fighting, and system-level water fire fighting. This three-level fire fighting method is largely for fighting after a severe fire occurs, which requires multi-level detection and has a large delay. At the same time, the current fire fighting plan is often just a single introduction of fire fighting agents into the battery pack and water into the battery compartment, which is often in the middle and late stages of the fire, increasing the difficulty of extinguishing the fire.

[0005] Thermal runaway of lithium iron phosphate batteries is often caused by thermal runaway of a single battery cell, which then causes a chain reaction, leading to thermal runaway fires in the entire battery pack and battery compartment. Therefore, fire prevention, detection, and fire extinguishing must be carried out at the battery cell and battery pack levels.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention mainly solves the fire extinguishing problem at the battery cell level, confines the fire of lithium iron phosphate battery to a single battery cell, prevents thermal runaway of the battery cell from spreading to the "battery pack", and achieves orderly smoke exhaust and controllable fire extinguishing, thereby making the entire system safe and reliable. Summary of the invention

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is generally to provide an energy storage system and method based on fire protection. This solution is different from the traditional PACK-level and cabin-level fire protection. It collects and discharges the combustible gas in an orderly manner, sprays the fire-fighting liquid on the battery cell explosion-proof valve, and directly acts on the battery cell with thermal runaway, which makes the fire extinguishing more direct and more effective.

[0008] To solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: This solution effectively solves the problem of flammable gas gathering in battery packs and battery compartments, thus causing fires. The flammable gas is creatively processed and discharged in an orderly manner, supplemented by physical cooling with fire-fighting agents to isolate oxygen. This fundamentally solves the safety pain points of the energy storage system. The present invention provides a fire-fighting-based energy storage system, including a battery system; a smoke exhaust pipeline system and a fire extinguishing pipeline system are respectively provided on the battery system; The battery system includes a battery cluster rack; a plurality of storage spaces are formed in the battery cluster rack, and battery packs are stored in the storage spaces; The battery pack includes a battery housing; a plurality of battery cell spacers are arranged in the battery housing to divide the closed inner cavity of the battery housing into a plurality of independent battery chambers for storing lithium iron phosphate batteries; A plurality of battery cell explosion-proof valves are arranged in the battery housing; A communication channel is provided in the battery housing; the communication channel includes a smoke collection chamber and a chemical fire extinguishing chamber; the smoke collection chamber and the chemical fire extinguishing chamber are connected through a common through hole; The smoke collection chamber and the agent fire extinguishing chamber are respectively connected to the smoke exhaust pipeline system and the fire extinguishing pipeline system; An opening and closing stop is provided on the battery housing, and the communication channel is connected to the corresponding battery chamber through the corresponding opening and closing stop; A VOC composite detector is arranged in the closed inner cavity.

[0009] As a further improvement of the above technical solution: In order to improve the fire-fighting effect, a process hole coaxial with the opening and closing stop is provided in the connecting channel; In order to achieve isolation and explosion-proof, the battery cell explosion-proof valve includes a fixed guide blind hole sleeve arranged in the process hole; a spring is arranged in the fixed guide blind hole sleeve, and a sliding guide column is connected to the outer end of the spring; and a sealing sheet is arranged on the outer end side of the sliding guide column; Under the action of the spring, the sliding guide post is at the opening and closing stop; The sealing sheet is sealed at the opening and closing stop.

[0010] In order to realize the nozzle atomization of fire-fighting powder, the agent fire-fighting chamber is connected with a fire-fighting pipeline, and the fire-fighting pipeline is connected with a fire-fighting nozzle through a nozzle conversion piece; The fire-fighting pipeline is connected to the fire-extinguishing pipeline A or the fire-extinguishing pipeline B.

[0011] In order to separate the chambers and realize independent protection of each battery, the connecting channel is arranged along the AA direction, and the connecting channels are distributed along the AB direction; An insulating protective member is provided below the top of the battery housing so as to seal with the top plate of the battery housing to form a communication channel; An elastic sheet is arranged below the insulating protective member; Adjacent communication channels are connected through fire extinguishing pipeline C; Each smoke collection chamber is connected to an external pipe via a collection pipe A.

[0012] In order to realize the fire-fighting power supply and circulation, a fire-fighting system is also arranged on the battery system; the fire-fighting system includes a vacuum pump, a perfluorohexanone fire extinguisher and a fire-fighting water tank respectively arranged on the top of the battery cluster rack; The perfluorohexanone fire extinguisher is connected to a reagent pipeline; a solenoid valve I is arranged on the reagent pipeline; The fire water tank is connected to a solenoid valve II via a fire water pump II; A smoke collection pipe C is connected to the vacuum pump; A filter and an unloading valve are provided on the smoke collection pipe C; The smoke collection pipe C is connected to the transmitter; The battery cluster frame is provided with pipelines D and E respectively; The transmitter is connected to pipeline D; pipeline D is connected to collecting pipeline A; The reagent pipeline is connected to pipeline E; pipeline E is connected to fire extinguishing pipeline A or fire extinguishing pipeline B; The pressure transmitter PT and / or the temperature transmitter TT are electrically connected to a controller, and the controller is electrically connected to the solenoid valve I and the VOC composite detector.

[0013] A one-way valve is connected to the vacuum pump.

[0014] The fire water tank is equipped with a liquid level sensor and an automatic exhaust valve.

[0015] A high voltage box is provided on the battery cluster frame; The vacuum pump adopts a diaphragm vacuum pump; The transmitter includes a pressure transmitter PT and / or a temperature transmitter TT; In the perfluorohexanone fire extinguisher, there is a pump group I.

[0016] In order to provide a more reasonable fire fighting plan, a fire fighting method is provided, using the above-mentioned fire fighting-based energy storage system; the fire fighting method performs the following steps; Step 1: When any VOC composite detector in the battery pack detects that the combustible gas concentration reaches the set threshold, the VOC composite detector sends a command to the controller, and the controller controls the vacuum pump to start, extracting smoke gas through the smoke collection pipe C, and the pressure and / or temperature of the transmitter rise; Step 2, carry out fire fighting steps; Step 3: If the VOC composite detector detects that the combustible gas concentration drops to a specified threshold, the controller enters the standby detection mode.

[0017] As a further improvement of the above technical solution: In step 2, S2.1, when the pressure and / or temperature of the transmitter rises to the specified threshold, it is determined that the battery cell has entered the thermal runaway stage. The controller controls the pump group I and the solenoid valve I to start, and the perfluorohexanone fire-fighting liquid is sprayed into all battery packs to physically cool down and isolate oxygen; S2.2, under the action of the atomization of the agent, the internal pressure of the connecting channel and the fire-fighting pipeline increases, and the collecting pipeline A discharges the combustible gas; In step 2, when the pressure inside the battery chamber is greater than a set value, the sealing sheet is pushed open and separated from the opening and closing stopper to connect the inner cavity of the battery chamber with the communication channel.

[0018] The present invention introduces a three-level fire extinguishing concept of smoke-perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing-water fire extinguishing at the cell level, which can effectively solve the safety problem of battery thermal runaway and inhibit battery thermal runaway. The present invention makes full use of existing structural parts to achieve safe operation of energy storage batteries without increasing parts and costs, and has a high cost-effectiveness. The present invention has a wide range of application environments and can be used in energy storage systems and vehicle-mounted power systems, with a wide range of applications. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is an axonometric schematic diagram of a battery cluster of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the main axonometric structure of the battery cluster of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the smoke collection system and fire extinguishing system structure of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of a fire protection pipeline system of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the movement path of the fire fighting agent of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the sealing valve structure of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 7 It is the PID principle diagram of the fire protection system of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 8 It is the control logic diagram of the fire protection system of the present invention.

[0027] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the battery core explosion-proof valve of the present invention.

[0028] Among them: 6. Battery system; 7. Fire extinguishing pipeline system; 8. Smoke exhaust pipeline system; 9. Fire protection system; 10. Battery explosion-proof valve; 11. Fixed guide blind hole sleeve; 12. Spring; 13. Sliding guide column; 14. Sealing sheet; 15. Fire nozzle; 16. Nozzle conversion piece; 17. Fire pipeline; 18. VOC composite detector; 19. Fire extinguishing pipeline A; 110. Fire extinguishing pipeline B; 111. Fire extinguishing pipeline C; 112. Collection pipeline A; 113. Insulating protective piece; 114. Elastic sheet; 21. Lithium iron phosphate battery cell; 22. Battery cell spacer; 23. Common through hole; 24. Closed inner cavity; 25. Battery shell; 26. Connecting channel; 27. Opening and closing stopper; 28. Agent fire extinguishing chamber; 29 Smoke collection chamber; 31. Battery pack; 32. Battery cluster rack; 33. High-voltage box; 34. Pipeline D; 35. Pipeline E; 36. Perfluorohexanone fire extinguisher; 37. Solenoid valve I; 38. Fire water tank; 39. Automatic exhaust valve; 310. Fire water pump II; 311. Solenoid valve II; 312. Smoke collection pipe C; 313. Transmitter; 314. Filter; 315. Unloading valve; 316. Vacuum pump; 317. Liquid level sensor; 318. One-way valve; 319. Drug pipeline. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] like Figure 1-9 As shown, the fire-fighting energy storage system of this embodiment mainly comprises a sealed smoke exhaust pipe system 8, a fire extinguishing pipe system 7, a sealed insulation component, a fire-fighting system 9, a battery system 6, and a battery cell explosion-proof valve 10; the smoke exhaust pipe system 8 and the fire extinguishing pipe system 7 are respectively arranged on the battery system 6; The battery system 6 includes a battery cluster rack 32; a plurality of storage spaces are formed in the battery cluster rack 32, and the battery packs 31 are stored in the storage spaces; like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the interior is mainly composed of battery cells, electronic components, fire protection pipelines, auxiliary materials, etc., which are the basic units of the battery cluster / stack. The battery pack 31 installed in the battery cluster frame 32, the high-voltage box 33 installed at the bottom of the battery cluster frame 32, and the fire protection system 9 on the top constitute a complete battery energy storage system. Each battery pack 31 collects combustible gas through the pipeline D34 and sprays the fire protection agent through the pipeline E35.

[0030] The battery pack 31 includes a battery housing 25 ; a plurality of battery cell spacers 22 are disposed in the battery housing 25 , dividing the closed inner cavity 24 of the battery housing 25 into a plurality of independent battery chambers for storing the lithium iron phosphate battery cells 21 ; like Figure 6As shown, in the battery pack 31, the cell spacer 22 provides thermal isolation between the lithium iron phosphate cells 21. The common through hole 23 is used by the smoke collection chamber 29 and the agent fire extinguishing chamber 28. This design is to facilitate the fire fighting agent to enter the combustible gas generation area and use the pressure of the fire fighting agent atomization to discharge the combustible mixed gas.

[0031] A plurality of battery cell explosion-proof valves 10 are provided in the battery housing 25; like Figure 1-6 The battery cell explosion-proof valve 10 includes a fixed guide blind hole sleeve 11, a spring 12, a sliding guide column 13 and a sealing sheet 14. The fixed guide blind hole sleeve 11 and the sliding guide column 13 provide sliding guide rails, the spring 12 provides preload force, and the sealing sheet 14 realizes sealing. This structure mainly acts on the explosion-proof valve of the battery cell. The spring applies a certain preload force to press the aluminum valve sheet on the battery cell explosion-proof valve to realize the secondary sealing of the battery cell, so that the smoke exhaust and liquid discharge channels of each battery cell can be independent of each other, thereby reducing the impact of combustible gas and electrolyte on adjacent batteries.

[0032] A communication channel 26 is provided in the battery housing 25; the communication channel 26 includes a smoke collecting chamber 29 and a chemical fire extinguishing chamber 28; the smoke collecting chamber 29 and the chemical fire extinguishing chamber 28 are connected through a common through hole 23; The smoke collection chamber 29 and the agent fire extinguishing chamber 28 are respectively connected to the smoke exhaust pipe system 8 and the fire extinguishing pipe system 7; The battery housing 25 is provided with an opening and closing stopper 27, and the communication channel 26 is connected to the corresponding battery chamber through the corresponding opening and closing stopper 27; A VOC composite detector 18 is disposed in the closed inner cavity 24 .

[0033] A process hole coaxial with the opening and closing stop 27 is provided in the communication channel 26; The battery core explosion-proof valve 10 includes a fixed guide blind hole sleeve 11 arranged in the process hole; a spring 12 is arranged in the fixed guide blind hole sleeve 11, and a sliding guide column 13 is connected to the outer end of the spring 12; a sealing sheet 14 is arranged on the outer end side of the sliding guide column 13; Under the action of the spring 12, the sliding guide post 13 is at the opening and closing stop 27; The sealing sheet 14 is sealed at the opening and closing stop 27 .

[0034] The fire extinguishing chamber 28 is connected to a fire fighting pipe 17, and the fire fighting pipe 17 is connected to a fire fighting nozzle 15 via a nozzle conversion member 16; like Figure 1-4The fire nozzle 15 can realize the atomized spray of the fire-fighting agent at an angle of 45°, diagonally facing the sealing plate, thereby generating a forward and downward force, allowing the agent to diffuse better and enter the inner cavity. The nozzle conversion part 16 realizes the connection between the nozzle and the pipeline 17. The fire-fighting pipeline 17 and the VOC composite detector 18 can detect the concentration of combustible substances such as CO, H2 or electrolyte as a judgment signal for the start of fire fighting. Once a battery cell has thermal runaway, the high-pressure and high-temperature gas will break through the sealing plate 14. At the same time, the upper sliding guide column 1 enters the closed chamber, and the VOC composite detector 18 will detect the concentration of the combustible substance in time, thereby issuing an early warning.

[0035] The fire fighting pipeline 17 is connected to a fire extinguishing pipeline A19 or a fire extinguishing pipeline B110.

[0036] like Figure 1-4 The fire extinguishing pipeline A19, the fire extinguishing pipeline B110 and the fire extinguishing pipeline C111 are made of SUS201 and are used for spraying fire fighting agents. The combustible gas collecting pipeline A111 and the insulating protective member 112 are used for collecting combustible gases.

[0037] The communication channel 26 is arranged along the AA direction, and a plurality of the communication channels 26 are distributed along the AB direction; An insulating protective member 113 is provided below the top of the battery housing 25 so as to be sealed with the top plate of the battery housing 25 to form a communication channel 26; like Figure 1-5 The insulating protective member 113 is used to realize the insulation protection between the metal member and the battery cell. The elastic sheet 114 is made of silicone and is used to realize the sealing between the battery cell and the battery cell explosion-proof valve 10. It has high temperature resistance and flame retardancy.

[0038] An elastic sheet 114 is provided below the insulating protective member 113; Adjacent communication channels 26 are connected via a fire extinguishing pipeline C111; Each smoke collecting chamber 29 is connected to an external pipe via a collecting pipe A112.

[0039] A fire fighting system 9 is also provided on the battery system 6; the fire fighting system 9 includes a vacuum pump 316, a perfluorohexanone fire extinguisher 36 and a fire fighting water tank 38, which are respectively provided on the top of the battery cluster frame 32; The perfluorohexanone fire extinguisher 36 is connected to a reagent pipeline 319; a solenoid valve I37 is provided on the reagent pipeline 319; The fire water tank 38 is connected to a solenoid valve II311 via a fire water pump II310; A smoke collection pipe C312 is connected to the vacuum pump 316; A filter 314 and an unloading valve 315 are provided on the smoke collecting pipe C312; The smoke collection pipe C312 is connected to the transmitter 313; The battery cluster frame 32 is provided with a pipeline D34 and a pipeline E35 respectively; Transmitter 313 is connected to pipeline D34; pipeline D34 is connected to collection pipeline A112; The reagent pipeline 319 is connected to the pipeline E35; the pipeline E35 is connected to the fire extinguishing pipeline A19 or the fire extinguishing pipeline B110; The pressure transmitter PT and / or the temperature transmitter TT is electrically connected to a controller, and the controller is electrically connected to the solenoid valve I37 and the VOC composite detector 18.

[0040] like Figure 4 As indicated by the middle arrow, after the combustible gas is collected in the middle sealed cavity, it is discharged to the outside of the battery pack in an orderly manner after passing through the VOC composite detector and collected through the external pipeline. This will avoid the disorderly diffusion of combustible gas or electrolyte inside the battery pack, thereby reducing the thermal impact of the thermal runaway cell on the adjacent cells. Good sealing between cells helps reduce the possibility of electric sparks igniting combustible gas, further enhancing safety performance.

[0041] like Figure 5 The middle arrow indicates that the fire-fighting agent is sprayed in the position shown in the figure, and is sprayed directionally to the top of the battery cell where thermal runaway occurs, cooling the source of the battery cell and isolating oxygen, thus achieving a timely fire-fighting effect. In addition, the present invention creatively adopts a common pipeline design for smoke collection and fire-fighting. When thermal runaway occurs, the fire-fighting agent is sprayed while the smoke is collected, and the combustible gas is discharged through the atomization pressure generated by the agent, thereby isolating the remaining oxygen in the space.

[0042] A check valve 318 is connected to the vacuum pump 316 .

[0043] The fire water tank 38 has a liquid level sensor 317 and an automatic exhaust valve 39 .

[0044] A high voltage box 33 is provided on the battery cluster frame 32; The vacuum pump 316 adopts a diaphragm vacuum pump; The transmitter 313 includes a pressure transmitter PT and / or a temperature transmitter TT; In the perfluorohexanone fire extinguisher 36, a pump group I is provided.

[0045] like Figure 1-3 As shown, the perfluorohexanone fire extinguisher 36 has 3-5 kg ​​of perfluorohexanone agent and a booster pump connected to a perfluorohexanone agent pipeline 319. A solenoid valve 137 is provided on the perfluorohexanone agent pipeline 319 to control the spraying of the perfluorohexanone agent.

[0046] The fire water tank 38 stores about 8-10 kg of fire water. The automatic exhaust valve 39 is used to balance the pressure inside and outside the fire water tank. The liquid level sensor 317 is set on the fire water tank 38 to detect the liquid level of the fire water tank and prompt timely water replenishment when the liquid level is insufficient. The fire water pump II 310 is connected to the fire water tank 38 to provide fire water pressure; the solenoid valve II311 controls the release of fire water. The outside of the fire water tank 38 can be connected in series with the municipal water tank to maintain sufficient water level all year round. The above constitutes a fire extinguishing system.

[0047] The integrated temperature and pressure transmitter 313 is installed on the smoke collection pipe C312. It is used to detect the temperature and pressure of the combustible gas on the smoke collection pipeline as a judgment signal for starting the spraying of fire-fighting agents. The filter 314 is used to filter and adsorb particles, impurities, and organic electrolytes in the combustible gas to prevent clogging of the vacuum pump 316. The unloading valve 315 is used to ensure that the pipeline operates at the rated pressure. Once the pipeline is blocked and the internal pressure increases, the unloading valve releases the pressure in time. The diaphragm vacuum pump 316 is used to extract the combustible gas and discharge it out of the pipeline in time. The one-way valve 318 only allows the gas to be discharged in one direction, and does not allow external gas or electric sparks to enter. The above configuration smoke collection system.

[0048] Thus, the above constitutes a smoke collection system and a fire extinguishing system.

[0049] The fire fighting method of this embodiment, with the aid of the above-mentioned fire fighting-based energy storage system, performs the following steps: Step 1: When any VOC composite detector 18 in the battery pack 31 detects that the combustible gas concentration value reaches the set threshold, the VOC composite detector 18 sends a command to the controller, and the controller controls the vacuum pump 316 to start, and extracts smoke gas through the smoke collection pipe C312, then the pressure and / or temperature of the transmitter 313 increases; Step 2, carry out fire fighting steps; Step 3: If the VOC composite detector 18 detects that the combustible gas concentration drops to a specified threshold, the controller enters a standby detection mode.

[0050] In step 2, S2.1, when the pressure and / or temperature of the transmitter 313 rises to a specified threshold, it is determined that the battery cell has entered the thermal runaway stage, and the controller controls the pump group I and the solenoid valve I37 to start, spraying the perfluorohexanone fire-fighting liquid into all battery packs 31 to physically cool down and isolate oxygen; S2.2, under the action of the atomization of the agent, the internal pressure of the connecting channel 26 and the fire fighting pipeline 17 increases, and the collecting pipeline A112 discharges the combustible gas; In step 2, when the pressure inside the battery chamber is greater than a set value, the sealing sheet 14 is pushed open and separated from the opening and closing stop 27 to connect the inner cavity of the battery chamber with the connecting channel 26 .

[0051] like Figure 7 As shown, it mainly consists of perfluorohexanone fire-fighting device, pump group I, solenoid valve I, fire-fighting water tank, liquid level sensor, automatic vent valve, pump group II, solenoid valve II, battery pack, VOC composite detector, temperature and pressure integrated transmitter, filter, safety valve, diaphragm vacuum pump, check valve, pipeline, etc. The gas circuit, fire-fighting agent and fire-fighting water are designed as a common pipeline inside the battery pack.

[0052] like Figure 8 As shown, it is the control logic diagram of the fire protection pipeline system. When any VOC composite detector in the 7 battery packs detects that the combustible gas concentration value reaches the set threshold, it sends a command to the controller, and the controller controls the diaphragm vacuum pump to start, extracts the gas in the smoke collection pipe, and the pressure of the temperature and pressure integrated transmitter increases, and the temperature rises. When the pressure or temperature rises to the specified threshold, it is determined that the battery cell has entered the thermal runaway stage. The controller controls the pump group I and the solenoid valve I to start, and the perfluorohexanone fire fighting liquid is sprayed into the 7 battery packs for physical cooling and isolation of oxygen. This time, under the action of the atomization of the agent, the internal pressure of the pipeline increases, and the combustible gas will be discharged. If the VOC composite detector detects that the combustible gas concentration drops to the specified threshold, it enters the standby detection mode. Once the VOC composite detector detects that the combustible gas concentration rises to the specified threshold, it starts the pump group II and the solenoid valve II to extinguish the fire with fire water for further physical cooling.

[0053] This invention innovatively proposes a dual fire extinguishing idea at the cell level based on the technology that increases battery costs and manufacturing difficulty on a small scale. The present invention can effectively form an independent physical isolation for each cell to prevent the flammable gas and electrolyte generated by thermal runaway of one cell from spreading to adjacent cells. Construct a flammable gas collection channel shared by multiple battery packs to collect the flammable gas and pump it to the outside of the battery to prevent the flammable gas from gathering inside the battery. The built-in VOC composite detector detects the thermal runaway signal of the cell as soon as possible, thereby achieving low-latency fire extinguishing.

[0054] The battery pack is designed with a common pipeline for smoke collection and fire-fighting agents. The pressure of the fire-fighting agent atomization spray can discharge the combustible gas, thereby isolating the oxygen.

[0055] The smoke exhaust pipeline is equipped with built-in temperature and pressure transmitters to further increase the judgment signal of fire start-up and prevent false operation. The smoke exhaust pipeline has redundant safety designs such as filtration and pressure relief.

[0056] The present invention adopts three-level fire extinguishing, namely smoke exhaust - perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing - water fire extinguishing. Fire is extinguished from the source of the fire at the battery cell level, and the fire-fighting agent is directly introduced into the battery cell explosion-proof valve to improve the timeliness and effect of fire extinguishing. Perfluorohexanone is used as the main fire-fighting agent to participate in fire extinguishing, and water is used as the final line of defense for fire extinguishing. Through clever control logic, the fire control process is optimized to achieve safe and rapid response, and physical isolation and fire extinguishing at the battery cell level are introduced to achieve thorough fire fighting and avoid spread. Through the creative design of smoke collection pipelines and dual-way fire extinguishing management, the two share a pipeline design to achieve reasonable use of pressure, thereby achieving full utilization of pipelines within a limited design space and reducing energy consumption.

[0057] The pipeline design of the present invention is not limited to the above 7 parallel forms. Seven or more battery packs can be used to design smoke exhaust pipelines and fire extinguishing pipelines, respectively, and multiple solenoid valves can be used to realize the spraying of fire fighting agents and the exhaust of smoke from a single battery pack. This is mainly based on the consideration of fire extinguishing effect and product cost.

[0058] The valve components and parts of the present invention are not limited to the forms described herein, and other auxiliary valves and detectors may also be added to achieve higher-precision control and a safer effect.

[0059] The present invention is fully described for a clearer disclosure, and the prior art is not listed one by one.

[0060] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some of the technical features therein with equivalents; it is obvious for those skilled in the art to combine multiple technical solutions of the present invention. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention. The technical contents not described in detail in the present invention are all known technologies.

Claims

1. A fire-fighting based energy storage system, characterized in that: It comprises a battery system (6); a smoke exhaust pipeline system (8) and a fire extinguishing pipeline system (7) are respectively arranged on the battery system (6); The battery system (6) comprises a battery cluster frame (32); a plurality of storage spaces are formed in the battery cluster frame (32), and battery packs (31) are stored in the storage spaces; The battery pack (31) comprises a battery housing (25); a plurality of battery cell spacers (22) are arranged in the battery housing (25) to divide the closed inner cavity (24) of the battery housing (25) into a plurality of independent battery chambers for storing lithium iron phosphate batteries (21); A plurality of battery cell explosion-proof valves (10) are arranged in the battery housing (25); A communication channel (26) is provided in the battery housing (25); the communication channel (26) includes a smoke collection chamber (29) and a chemical fire extinguishing chamber (28); the smoke collection chamber (29) and the chemical fire extinguishing chamber (28) are connected via a common through hole (23); The smoke collection chamber (29) and the chemical fire extinguishing chamber (28) are respectively connected to the smoke exhaust pipeline system (8) and the fire extinguishing pipeline system (7); An opening and closing stop (27) is provided on the battery housing (25), and the communication channel (26) is connected to the corresponding battery chamber via the corresponding opening and closing stop (27); A VOC composite detector (18) is arranged in the closed inner cavity (24).

2. The fire-fighting energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A process hole coaxial with the opening and closing stop (27) is provided in the communication channel (26); The battery core explosion-proof valve (10) comprises a fixed guide blind hole sleeve (11) arranged in a process hole; a spring (12) is arranged in the fixed guide blind hole sleeve (11), and a sliding guide column (13) is connected to the outer end of the spring (12); and a sealing sheet (14) is provided on the outer end side of the sliding guide column (13); Under the action of the spring (12), the sliding guide post (13) is at the opening and closing stop (27); The sealing sheet (14) is sealed at the opening and closing stop (27).

3. The fire-fighting based energy storage system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The chemical fire extinguishing chamber (28) is connected to a fire fighting pipeline (17), and the fire fighting pipeline (17) is connected to a fire fighting nozzle (15) via a nozzle conversion member (16); The fire-fighting pipeline (17) is connected to a fire-extinguishing pipeline A (19) or a fire-extinguishing pipeline B (110).

4. The fire-fighting based energy storage system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The connecting channel (26) is arranged along the AA direction, and a plurality of connecting channels (26) are distributed along the AB direction; An insulating protective member (113) is provided below the top of the battery housing (25), thereby sealing with the top plate of the battery housing (25) to form a communication channel (26); An elastic sheet (114) is provided below the insulating protective member (113); Adjacent communication channels (26) are connected via a fire extinguishing pipeline C (111); Each smoke collection chamber (29) is connected to an external pipeline via a collection pipeline A (112).

5. The fire-fighting based energy storage system according to claim 4, characterized in that: A fire fighting system (9) is also provided on the battery system (6); the fire fighting system (9) comprises a vacuum pump (316), a perfluorohexanone fire extinguisher (36) and a fire fighting water tank (38) which are respectively provided on the top of the battery cluster frame (32); The perfluorohexanone fire extinguisher (36) is connected to a chemical pipeline (319); a solenoid valve I (37) is provided on the chemical pipeline (319); The fire water tank (38) is connected to a solenoid valve II (311) via a fire water pump II (310); A smoke collecting pipe C (312) is connected to the vacuum pump (316); A filter (314) and a relief valve (315) are provided on the smoke collecting pipe C (312); The smoke collecting pipe C (312) is connected to the transmitter (313); A pipeline D (34) and a pipeline E (35) are respectively provided on the battery cluster frame (32); The transmitter (313) is connected to the pipeline D (34); the pipeline D (34) is connected to the collection pipeline A (112); The reagent pipeline (319) is connected to the pipeline E (35); the pipeline E (35) is connected to the fire extinguishing pipeline A (19) or the fire extinguishing pipeline B (110); The pressure transmitter PT and / or the temperature transmitter TT are electrically connected to a controller, and the controller is electrically connected to the solenoid valve I (37) and the VOC composite detector (18).

6. The fire-fighting based energy storage system according to claim 5, characterized in that: A one-way valve (318) is connected to the vacuum pump (316).

7. The fire-fighting based energy storage system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The fire water tank (38) has a liquid level sensor (317) and an automatic exhaust valve (39).

8. The fire-fighting based energy storage system according to claim 5, characterized in that: A high voltage box (33) is arranged on the battery cluster frame (32); The vacuum pump (316) adopts a diaphragm vacuum pump; The transmitter (313) includes a pressure transmitter PT and / or a temperature transmitter TT; In the perfluorohexanone fire extinguisher (36), there is a pump group I.

9. A fire fighting method, characterized in that: With the aid of the fire-fighting-based energy storage system according to claim 1; the fire-fighting method performs the following steps; Step 1: When any VOC composite detector (18) in the battery pack (31) detects that the combustible gas concentration value reaches a set threshold value, the VOC composite detector (18) sends a command to the controller, and the controller controls the vacuum pump (316) to start, extracting smoke gas through the smoke collection pipe C (312), and the pressure and / or temperature of the transmitter (313) rises; Step 2, carry out fire fighting steps; Step 3: If the VOC composite detector (18) detects that the combustible gas concentration drops to a specified threshold, the controller enters a standby detection mode.

10. The fire fighting method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 2, S2.1, when the pressure and / or temperature of the transmitter (313) rises to a specified threshold value, it is determined that the battery cell has entered a thermal runaway stage, and the controller controls the pump group I and the solenoid valve I (37) to start, spraying the perfluorohexanone fire-fighting liquid into all battery packs (31) to physically cool down and isolate oxygen; S2.2, under the action of the atomization of the agent, the internal pressure of the connecting passage (26) and the fire fighting pipeline (17) increases, and the collecting pipeline A (112) discharges the combustible gas; In step 2, when the pressure in the battery chamber is greater than a set value, the sealing sheet (14) is pushed open and separated from the opening and closing stop (27), thereby connecting the battery chamber interior with the connecting channel (26).

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