Double-layer tower type grate, biomass gasifier and use method

Abstract

The invention discloses a double-layer tower-type grate, a biomass gasifier and a using method, and relates to the technical field of biomass gasifiers, the double-layer tower-type grate comprises an outer-layer grate, an inner-layer grate and an air inlet main pipeline, the outer-layer grate is of a tower-type structure, the edge of the bottom end of the outer-layer grate is used for being fixedly connected with the top face of an ash tray in a sealed mode, and a plurality of air outlet holes are formed in the top face of the outer-layer grate; the inner-layer grate is of a tower structure and located on the inner side of the outer-layer grate, the edge of the bottom end of the inner-layer grate is used for being fixedly connected with the top face of the ash tray in a sealed mode so that an air cooling space can be formed between the outer-layer grate and the inner-layer grate, and the air outlet holes communicate with the air cooling space. The air inlet main pipeline is rotationally connected with the inner-layer grate in a sealed mode, one end of the air inlet main pipeline is communicated with the air cooling space, the other end of the air inlet main pipeline is communicated with an air source, the structure is simple, use is convenient, and the grate is effectively cooled.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of biomass gasifiers, and in particular to a double-layer tower grate, a biomass gasifier and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The biomass gasifier is a device that produces combustible gas by high-temperature cracking and reduction reaction of agricultural and forestry waste such as wood chips, bamboo, rice husks, and fruit shells. The biomass raw materials enter the gasifier body through the conveying device, and produce clean and environmentally friendly biomass gas through oxidation, reduction, pyrolysis, drying and other stages. The biomass gasifier is equipped with a blower to send air as a gasifying agent into the gasifier to participate in the reduction reaction to generate biomass gas.

[0003] The grate is an important part of the biomass gasifier. The conventional tower grate can discharge the ash and slag produced by the oxidation of the biomass raw materials in the gasifier in time by rotating relative to the gasifier body. The air as the gasifying agent enters the gasifier body from the upper air holes of the conventional tower grate to participate in the oxidation and reduction reactions. However, in actual operation, the top and side connections of the grate are directly in contact with the high-temperature oxidation layer of the biomass raw materials in the gasifier. Due to the characteristics of the conventional tower grate structure design, the gasification air cannot be effectively cooled, which often leads to high-temperature deformation of the top and side connections of the grate. In severe cases, the grate is burned; the gap between the surface of the conventional tower grate and the side wall of the gasifier body is large, and the ash and slag in the oxidation layer cannot be removed in time. After the large pieces of ash and slag are intertwined, the normal slag discharge of the gasifier is hindered. The above problems often lead to the failure and shutdown of the biomass gasifier, affecting the normal operation of the gasification heating system, causing production accidents or economic losses. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a double-layer tower grate, a biomass gasification furnace and a method of use, so as to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, with simple structure, convenient use and effective cooling of the grate.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0006] The present invention provides a double-layer tower grate, comprising: an outer grate, an inner grate and an air inlet main duct, the outer grate is a tower structure, the bottom edge of the outer grate is used for sealing and fixing connection with the top surface of the ash pan, and the top surface of the outer grate is provided with a plurality of air outlet holes; the inner grate is a tower structure and is located on the inner side of the outer grate, the bottom edge of the inner grate is used for sealing and fixing connection with the top surface of the ash pan to form an air cooling space between the outer grate and the inner grate, and each of the air outlet holes is connected to the air cooling space; the air inlet main duct is sealed and rotatably connected to the inner grate, and one end of the air inlet main duct is connected to the air cooling space, and the other end is connected to the air source.

[0007] Preferably, it further includes a plurality of ash retaining members, each of the air outlets is evenly arranged on the top surface of the outer grate, one of the ash retaining members is arranged above one of the air outlets and is fixedly connected to the outer grate, an air outlet is arranged on one side of the ash retaining member, and the air outlet is connected to the air outlet.

[0008] Preferably, the air outlet faces a side away from the axial center line of the outer grate.

[0009] Preferably, it also includes a plurality of annular ribs and a plurality of radial ribs, each of the annular ribs and each radial rib is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer grate, one annular rib is arranged between two adjacent air outlet holes in the annular direction, and one radial rib is arranged between two adjacent air outlet holes in the radial direction.

[0010] Preferably, it further comprises a high temperature resistant stainless steel protection ring, which is fixedly connected to the connection position between the top surface of the outer grate and the outer side wall.

[0011] Preferably, the axial lines of the outer grate, the inner grate and the main air inlet duct are arranged in a colinear manner.

[0012] Preferably, it further comprises a first seal and a second seal, wherein the first seal is fixedly connected to the inner grate, the second seal is fixedly connected to the main air inlet duct, and the first seal and the second seal are sealingly rotatably connected.

[0013] Preferably, the first sealing member is a sealing cylinder, an opening is provided at the top of the inner grate, the sealing cylinder is sealingly connected and communicated with the opening, the second sealing member is a sealing barrel, the sealing barrel is sealingly fixed to the outside of the air inlet main duct, and the sealing cylinder extends into the space between the sealing barrel and the air inlet main duct to form a water-sealed space between the sealing barrel, the sealing cylinder and the air inlet main duct, and the water-sealed space is used to place water to seal the space between the sealing cylinder and the air inlet main duct and the space between the sealing cylinder and the sealing barrel.

[0014] The present invention also provides a biomass gasifier, comprising: a gasifier body, an ash pan, the double-layer tower grate as described above, and a blower, wherein the gasifier body is fixedly connected to the ground by a bracket; the ash pan is arranged below the gasifier body; the top of the outer grate extends into the gasifier body; and the blower is connected to the main air inlet duct.

[0015] The present invention provides a method for using the above-mentioned biomass gasifier, comprising the following steps:

[0016] During the operation of the gasifier body, the blower delivers air into the air cooling space through the air inlet main duct. The air flows in the air cooling space as a cooling medium and flows out from the air outlet, so as to cool the top surface of the outer grate. The air flowing out from the air outlet can be used as a gasifying agent for the biomass raw materials in the gasifier.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has achieved the following technical effects:

[0018] The present invention provides a double-layer tower grate, a biomass gasifier and a method of using the same. An outer grate and an inner grate are arranged above an ash tray and an air cooling space is formed between the outer grate and the inner grate, so that air can flow in the space between the inner and outer grate to provide cooling for the outer grate, thereby effectively preventing the outer grate from being deformed or melted due to high temperature. At the same time, the sealed rotating connection between the air inlet main duct and the inner grate ensures the stable delivery of air and improves the stability of the gasifier system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a double-layer tower grate provided by the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 A front cross-sectional view of the double-layer tower grate provided by the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 A front cross-sectional view of the biomass gasifier provided by the present invention;

[0023] In the figure: 1. Double-layer tower grate; 2. Gasification furnace body; 3. Ash tray; 4. Main air inlet duct; 5. Air delivery duct; 6. Blower; 7. Outer grate; 8. Inner grate; 9. High-temperature resistant stainless steel protection ring; 10. Annular rib plate; 11. Ash retaining piece; 12. Sealing cylinder; 13. Sealing barrel; 14. Air outlet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a double-layer tower grate, a biomass gasification furnace and a method of use, so as to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, with simple structure, convenient use and effective cooling of the grate.

[0026] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0027] Embodiment 1

[0028] This embodiment provides a double-layer tower grate 1, such as Figures 1-2 As shown, it includes: an outer grate 7, an inner grate 8 and an air inlet main duct 4, the outer grate 7 is a tower structure, the bottom edge of the outer grate 7 is used to be sealed and fixedly connected to the top surface of the ash pan 3, and the top surface of the outer grate 7 is provided with a plurality of air outlet holes 14; the inner grate 8 is a tower structure and is located on the inner side of the outer grate 7, the bottom edge of the inner grate 8 is used to be sealed and fixedly connected to the top surface of the ash pan 3 to form an air cooling space between the outer grate 7 and the inner grate 8, and each air outlet hole 14 is connected to the air cooling space; the air inlet main duct 4 is sealed and rotatably connected to the inner grate 8, and one end of the air inlet main duct 4 is connected to the air cooling space, and the other end is connected to the air source,

[0029] In a preferred scheme of the present embodiment, the double-layer tower grate 1 also includes a plurality of ash keepers 11, and each air outlet 14 is evenly arranged on the top surface of the outer grate 7. One ash keeper 11 is arranged above one air outlet 14 and is fixedly connected to the outer grate 7. An air outlet is arranged on one side of the ash keeper 11, and the air outlet is connected to the air outlet 14. The setting of the ash keepers 11 can prevent the ash produced by the oxidation layer of the biomass raw material above the grate from falling into the inside of the double-layer grate through the air outlet 14, thereby ensuring the cleanliness of the air cooling space and avoiding the influence of ash accumulation on the cooling effect and the quality of the gasifier.

[0030] In a preferred solution of the present embodiment, the air outlet is directed toward the side away from the axial centerline of the outer grate 7. Directing the air outlet toward the side away from the axial centerline allows the air to be more evenly distributed in the gasifier when it flows out, thereby improving the effect of the gasifier. It also helps to avoid direct impact of air on the structure inside the furnace and extend the service life of the equipment.

[0031] In a preferred scheme of the present embodiment, the double-layer tower grate 1 also includes a plurality of annular ribs 10 and a plurality of radial ribs, each annular rib 10 and each radial rib are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer grate 7, an annular rib 10 is arranged between two adjacent air outlet holes 14 in the annular direction, and a radial rib is arranged between two adjacent air outlet holes 14 in the radial direction. The arrangement of the annular ribs 10 and the radial ribs strengthens the structural strength of the outer grate 7. In a high-temperature environment where the outer grate 7 is in direct contact with the oxidation layer of the gasifier, the biomass raw materials in the gasifier above the outer grate 7 can be prevented from squeezing and deforming the outer grate 7, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the grate.

[0032] In a preferred scheme of the present embodiment, the double-layer tower grate 1 also includes a high-temperature resistant stainless steel protection ring 9, which is fixedly connected to the connection position between the top surface of the outer grate 7 and the outer wall. The high-temperature resistant stainless steel protection ring 9 protects the right-angle connection part of the outer grate 7 to prevent the part from being burned by the high temperature of the oxide layer, thereby improving the overall durability of the grate.

[0033] In a preferred solution of the present embodiment, the axial lines of the outer grate 7, the inner grate 8 and the main air inlet duct 4 are arranged in a collinear manner. The collinear arrangement of the axial lines makes the air flow smoother, reduces the resistance of the air flow, and improves the cooling effect and the transportation efficiency of the gasification agent.

[0034] In a preferred scheme of the present embodiment, the double-layer tower grate 1 also includes a first seal and a second seal, the first seal is fixedly connected to the inner grate 8, the second seal is fixedly connected to the main air inlet duct 4, the first seal and the second seal are sealed and rotatably connected, and the setting of the first seal and the second seal ensures the sealing between the main air inlet duct 4 and the inner grate 8, prevents air leakage, ensures the pressure stability in the gasification furnace, and improves the gasification efficiency.

[0035] In a preferred scheme of the present embodiment, the first sealing member is a sealing cylinder 12, an opening is provided at the top of the inner grate 8, the sealing cylinder 12 is sealingly connected and communicated with the opening, and the second sealing member is a sealing barrel 13, the sealing barrel 13 is sealingly fixed to the outer side of the air inlet main duct 4, and the sealing cylinder 12 extends into the space between the sealing barrel 13 and the air inlet main duct 4 to form a water-sealed space between the sealing barrel 13, the sealing cylinder 12 and the air inlet main duct 4, and the water-sealed space is used to place water to seal the space between the sealing cylinder 12 and the air inlet main duct 4 and the space between the sealing cylinder 12 and the sealing barrel 13. By setting the water-sealed space, the sealing performance is further improved, ensuring that the gasified air does not leak, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the gasifier.

[0036] The present invention also provides a biomass gasifier, comprising: a gasifier body 2, an ash pan 3, the above double-layer tower grate 1 and a blower 6, the gasifier body 2 is fixedly connected to the ground by a bracket; the ash pan 3 is arranged below the gasifier body 2; the top of the outer grate 7 extends into the gasifier body 2; the blower 6 is connected to the air inlet main duct 4 through the air delivery pipe 5. The biomass gasifier combines the advantages of the double-layer tower grate 1, can effectively convert agricultural and forestry waste into combustible gas, improves energy utilization efficiency, and at the same time reduces shutdown accidents caused by the inability to effectively cool the grate, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the gasification heating system.

[0037] The present invention provides a method for using a biomass gasifier, comprising the following steps:

[0038] 1. Installation Preparation

[0039] The gasifier body 2 is fixedly connected to the ground through a bracket to ensure its stability;

[0040] The ash pan 3 is arranged below the gasification furnace body 2;

[0041] The double-layer tower grate 1 is installed on the ash pan 3, wherein the bottom edge of the outer grate 7 is sealed and fixedly connected to the top surface of the ash pan 3, and the inner grate 8 is also sealed and fixedly connected to the ash pan 3 in a nested form, so that an air cooling space is formed between the outer grate 7 and the inner grate 8;

[0042] The air inlet main duct 4 is sealed and rotatably connected to the inner grate 8 to ensure a tight connection to prevent air leakage. At the same time, the other end of the air inlet main duct 4 is connected to an air source (usually a blower 6);

[0043] 2. Start operation

[0044] The blower 6 is started, and the blower 6 delivers air into the air cooling space between the inner grate 8 and the outer grate 7 through the air inlet main duct 4;

[0045] After the air enters the air cooling space, it first cools the top of the outer grate 7 of the double-layer tower grate 1, and then cools down other positions of the outer grate 7 in sequence. During the air flowing in the air cooling space, it effectively cools the outer grate 7 to prevent the outer grate 7 from being deformed or melted due to high temperature.

[0046] The air flows out from the air outlet 14 on the top surface of the outer grate 7 and enters the gasifier body 2. On the one hand, the air flowing out from the air outlet 14 acts as a gasifying agent for the biomass raw materials in the gasifier, participates in the oxidation and reduction reactions, and converts agricultural and forestry wastes into combustible gas; on the other hand, the ash blocking member 11 above the air outlet 14 prevents the ash produced by the oxidation layer of the biomass raw materials above the grate from falling into the double-layer grate through the air outlet 14, thereby ensuring the cleanliness of the air cooling space;

[0047] The annular ribs 10 and radial ribs on the inner side of the outer grate 7 strengthen the structural strength of the outer grate 7 to prevent it from being squeezed and deformed by the biomass raw materials. At the same time, the high-temperature resistant stainless steel protection ring 9 protects the right-angle connection part of the outer grate 7 to prevent it from being burned by high temperature;

[0048] 3. Sealing and stability guarantee during operation

[0049] The first seal (sealing cylinder 12) is fixedly connected to the inner grate 8, the second seal (sealing barrel 13) is fixedly connected to the air inlet main duct 4, and the first seal is rotatably connected to the second seal to form a good sealing structure to prevent air leakage, ensure the pressure stability in the gasifier, and improve the gasification efficiency;

[0050] The water-tight space formed between the first sealing member and the second sealing member further improves the sealing performance, ensuring that the gasified air does not leak.

[0051] 4. Maintenance and precautions

[0052] During the operation of the gasifier, the various components of the double-layer tower grate 1 should be checked regularly to ensure that they are tightly connected and have no looseness, damage or leakage;

[0053] Check whether the ash retaining member 11 is working properly. If there is ash accumulation, it should be cleaned up in time to ensure the air cooling effect and the quality of the gasifier;

[0054] Pay attention to the high temperature of the outer grate 7. If the temperature is abnormally high, check the operating status of the blower 6 and the ventilation of the air cooling space in time to ensure a good cooling effect.

[0055] Regularly check the status of the high temperature resistant stainless steel protection ring 9. If damaged, it should be replaced in time to protect the right angle connection part of the outer grate 7;

[0056] When maintaining and overhauling the gasifier, the blower 6 and other equipment should be turned off first to ensure safe operation. The present invention uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only used to help understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the ideas of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. A double-layer tower grate (1), characterized in that: include: An outer grate (7), the outer grate (7) being of a tower structure, the bottom edge of the outer grate (7) being used for sealing and fixed connection with the top surface of the ash pan (3), and the top surface of the outer grate (7) being provided with a plurality of air outlet holes (14); an inner grate (8), the inner grate (8) being of a tower structure and being located inside the outer grate (7), the bottom edge of the inner grate (8) being used for being sealed and fixedly connected to the top surface of the ash pan (3) to form an air cooling space between the outer grate (7) and the inner grate (8), and each of the air outlet holes (14) being connected to the air cooling space; as well as An air inlet main duct (4), the air inlet main duct (4) is sealed and rotatably connected to the inner grate (8), and one end of the air inlet main duct (4) is connected to the air cooling space, and the other end is connected to the air source.

2. The double-layer tower grate (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a plurality of ash retaining members (11), each of the air outlet holes (14) being evenly arranged on the top surface of the outer grate (7), one of the ash retaining members (11) being arranged above one of the air outlet holes (14) and being fixedly connected to the outer grate (7), and an air outlet being arranged on one side of the ash retaining member (11), and the air outlet being connected to the air outlet hole (14).

3. The double-layer tower grate (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that: The air outlet faces a side away from the axis of the outer grate (7).

4. The double-layer tower grate (1) according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes a plurality of annular ribs (10) and a plurality of radial ribs, each of the annular ribs (10) and each of the radial ribs are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer grate (7), one annular rib (10) is arranged between two adjacent air outlet holes (14) in the annular direction, and one radial rib is arranged between two adjacent air outlet holes (14) in the radial direction.

5. The double-layer tower grate (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also comprises a high temperature resistant stainless steel protection ring (9), which is fixedly connected to the connection position between the top surface and the outer side wall of the outer grate (7).

6. The double-layer tower grate (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that: The axis lines of the outer grate (7), the inner grate (8) and the main air inlet duct (4) are arranged colinearly.

7. The double-layer tower grate (1) according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes a first seal and a second seal, wherein the first seal is fixedly connected to the inner grate (8), and the second seal is fixedly connected to the main air inlet duct (4), and the first seal and the second seal are sealingly rotatably connected.

8. The double-layer tower grate (1) according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first sealing member is a sealing cylinder (12), the top of the inner grate (8) is provided with an opening, the sealing cylinder (12) is sealed and connected to the opening, and the second sealing member is a sealing barrel (13), the sealing barrel (13) is sleeved and sealed and fixed on the outer side of the air inlet main duct (4), and the sealing cylinder (12) extends into the space between the sealing barrel (13) and the air inlet main duct (4) to form a water-tight space between the sealing barrel (13), the sealing cylinder (12) and the air inlet main duct (4), and the water-tight space is used to place water to seal the space between the sealing cylinder (12) and the air inlet main duct (4) and the space between the sealing cylinder (12) and the sealing barrel (13).

9. A biomass gasifier, characterized in that: include: A gasifier body (2), wherein the gasifier body (2) is fixedly connected to the ground via a bracket; An ash tray (3), the ash tray (3) being arranged below the gasification furnace body (2); The double-layer tower grate (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the top of the outer grate (7) extends into the gasifier body (2); and A blower (6), wherein the blower (6) is connected to the main air inlet duct (4).

10. A method for using the biomass gasifier according to claim 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: During the operation of the gasifier body (2), the blower (6) delivers air into the air cooling space through the air inlet main duct (4). The air flows in the air cooling space as a cooling medium and flows out from the air outlet (14), thereby cooling the top surface of the outer grate (7). The air flowing out from the air outlet (14) can be used as a gasifying agent for the biomass raw materials in the gasifier.

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