Ecological slope protection structure and construction method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an ecological slope protection structure and a construction method thereof.The ecological slope protection structure comprises an ecological vegetation layer formed by splicing a plurality of units, and a vegetation planting groove is formed in each unit; the regulation and control layer comprises a honeycomb-shaped coarse aggregate layer, a corrugated plate laminated middle aggregate layer and a fractal tree-root-shaped fine aggregate layer of which the porosity decreases progressively from top to bottom; the drainage mechanism comprises a drainage channel in the ecological vegetation layer, a porous drainage framework and a water collecting well arranged at the slope bottom; the anchoring mechanism comprises a plurality of umbrella-shaped expansion anchor rods, and the lower end of each anchor rod is perpendicular to the slope surface and is inserted into the slope surface soil layer; the lower end of each anchor rod is provided with four sets of extensible 120-degree arc-shaped anchor flukes, and the surfaces of the anchor flukes are provided with bionic ground gripping grooves consistent with the anti-sliding ribs in trend. By innovatively designing the ecological vegetation layer, the regulation and control layer, the drainage mechanism and the anchoring mechanism, stability of the slope protection structure in mechanical property and sustainable development of the ecological environment are achieved, and coordination and unification of vegetation growth and slope stability are promoted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of slope protection, and more specifically, to an ecological slope protection structure and a construction method thereof. Background Art

[0002] As an important means of slope protection and ecological restoration, ecological slope protection technology achieves soil and water conservation through the synergy of vegetation coverage and engineering structures. Existing technologies mainly include eco-bags, lattice beams, vegetation concrete and three-dimensional vegetation nets, but there is a general contradiction between mechanical stability and insufficient ecological adaptability. Specifically, the traditional eco-bag structure relies on geotextiles to wrap the soil, and the bags are only connected by simple sutures or tie-ties, which are prone to slippage damage under heavy rain erosion; although cast-in-place vegetation concrete can quickly consolidate the slope, the hard shell layer formed hinders the natural rooting of the roots, making it difficult for vegetation to survive for a long time; although the lattice beam structure provides certain support, the vegetation area between the beams is prone to form a water collection channel to aggravate erosion. In addition, the existing anchoring technology mostly uses soil nails or ordinary anchor rods, which cannot form a deep mechanical interlock with the slope, and lacks an active guidance mechanism for root growth, resulting in plant roots only developing in shallow soil and insufficient pull-out resistance.

[0003] These problems make the slope protection structure prone to overall instability when encountering extreme weather. At the same time, the fragility of the vegetation system further reduces its long-term protection effectiveness. There is an urgent need to develop a new slope protection system that has both mechanical reliability and ecological sustainability. Summary of the invention

[0004] An object of the present invention is to solve at least the above problems and to provide at least the advantages which will be described hereinafter.

[0005] Another object of the present invention is to provide an ecological slope protection structure and a construction method thereof to solve the technical defects existing in the above-mentioned prior art.

[0006] In order to achieve these purposes and other advantages according to the present invention, an ecological slope protection structure is provided, which includes: The ecological vegetation layer is laid on the slope surface. The ecological vegetation layer is composed of multiple hexagonal structural units spliced ​​by staggered dovetail mortise and tenon structures. Each unit is provided with a vegetation planting trough, and a water retention chamber is provided below it. A double helix root guide channel is vertically penetrated in the water retention chamber, and the inner wall is embedded with conductive materials and is externally connected to a pulsed micro-current generator. The regulating layer is arranged between the ecological vegetation layer and the slope surface, and includes a honeycomb coarse aggregate layer with decreasing porosity from top to bottom, a corrugated plate laminated medium aggregate layer, and a fractal tree root-shaped fine aggregate layer. The top surface of the medium aggregate layer is provided with a plurality of anti-slip ribs with a trapezoidal cross section, and a root guide groove coaxial with the root guide channel is provided on the surface of the rib, and a slow-release nutrient film is laid in the root guide groove; The drainage mechanism includes a drainage channel in the ecological vegetation layer, a porous drainage skeleton embedded in the anti-slip ribs, and a water collection well at the bottom of the slope. The drainage channel is connected to the drainage skeleton through a conical transition joint, and the bottom of the drainage skeleton is connected to the water collection well through a variable diameter water guide pipe; The anchoring mechanism includes a plurality of umbrella-shaped expansion anchor rods, the lower end of each anchor rod is inserted into the slope soil layer perpendicular to the slope surface; the lower end of each anchor rod is provided with four sets of expandable 120° arc-shaped anchor claws, and the surface of the anchor claws is provided with bionic grip grooves consistent with the direction of the anti-slip ribs.

[0007] Preferably, the ecological slope protection structure, the porous drainage skeleton comprises: The polymer grid skeleton is made of HDPE and 8-12% nano-montmorillonite modified polypropylene by injection molding, with porosity of 45-50%, 30%-35%, and 20%-25% from top to bottom. X-shaped basalt fiber reinforcement ribs are set at the nodes, and the compressive strength is ≥50kN / m²; the node refers to the intersection of the ribs in the polymer grid skeleton; The root guide module is located on the surface of the grid, which is a PLA / straw composite pipe with a diameter of 5-8mm. The pipe wall is provided with V-shaped root guide grooves with a spacing of 2-3cm and a depth of 1-2mm. The conical drainage joint has a corrugated pipe on the outer layer to connect the drainage channel of the vegetation layer, and the inner layer is fixed to the anti-slip ribs by hot-melt welding.

[0008] Preferably, in the ecological slope protection structure, the thread groove depth of the double-helix root-guiding channel gradually changes from 5 mm at the top to 15 mm at the bottom, and the left-handed and right-handed threads are alternately spaced 20 mm apart; the bottom of the root-guiding channel is connected to an inverted cone-shaped root expansion cavity, and six groups of radially distributed root piercing wing plates are arranged on the outer wall of the root expansion cavity, and the thickness of the wing plates gradually decreases from 2 mm at the root to 0.5 mm at the tip, and the surface of the wing plates is coated with a sodium alginate gel layer containing 0.1% naphthaleneacetic acid.

[0009] Preferably, in the ecological slope protection structure, the angle between the two oblique sides of the trapezoidal anti-slip ribs is 120±5°, cross-shaped reinforcing ribs are provided inside the ribs, the ratio of the rib height to the rib cross-sectional height is 1:3, and root penetration holes with a diameter of 2 mm are provided on the rib surface.

[0010] Preferably, in the ecological slope protection structure, the matrix of the root piercing wing plate is a gradient composite material, including: Inner layer: 60% silicon carbide + 40% titanium alloy, thickness 0.5mm; Middle layer: 30% basalt fiber + 70% epoxy resin, thickness 0.3mm; Outer layer: nano-hydroxyapatite coating, thickness 50μm, surface roughness Ra=3.2μm.

[0011] Preferably, in the ecological slope protection structure, the arc-shaped anchor claws of the umbrella-shaped expansion anchor rod are unfolded to form a spherical shell support structure, and three groups of annular reinforcing ribs are arranged on the inner surface of the anchor claws, and the ratio of the rib height to the curvature radius of the anchor claws is 1:8; a variable-diameter buffer section is provided in the middle of the anchor rod, and its diameter gradually decreases from 20 mm at the top to 12 mm in the middle and then gradually expands to 18 mm at the lower end, and the surface is rolled to form a spiral decompression groove with a depth of 0.3 mm.

[0012] Preferably, the preparation method of the fractal tree root-shaped fine aggregate layer of the ecological slope protection structure is: after mixing aggregate particles with a particle size of 2-5 mm with a 3% polyvinyl alcohol solution, fractal electrophoresis self-assembly is carried out under an electric field strength of 15 kV / cm to form a secondary fractal structure with a main root-lateral root ratio of 1:0.618; after curing, interconnected tree-like drainage microchannels are formed in the aggregate layer, and the channel diameter gradually expands from 1.5 mm on the surface to 3 mm on the bottom layer.

[0013] Preferably, in the ecological slope protection structure, prestressed carbon fiber bundles are embedded in the mortise and tenon joints of the hexagonal units, the fiber bundles are distributed in a spatial mesh, the mesh size is 20mm×20mm, the tension of a single fiber bundle is ≥8kN; the preload force is 5-10kN; after adjacent units are spliced, the fiber bundles form a three-dimensional interlocking structure at the joints, and the tensile strength of the joints is ≥25MPa.

[0014] Preferably, in the ecological slope protection structure, a bionic barb structure is provided on the inner wall of the root penetration hole, which comprises: Base layer: hemispherical protrusions with a diameter of 0.5 mm and a protrusion spacing of 1 mm; Middle layer: Tungsten carbide micro-thorns inclined at 45°, thorn length 200μm, density 50 thorns / mm²; Surface layer: 0.05 mm thick polydopamine adhesive coating containing 0.3% type I collagen by mass.

[0015] The present invention also provides a construction method of an ecological slope protection structure, which comprises the following steps: Step 1: Slope pretreatment: clean and compact the loose soil layer, adjust the slope to 25-60°, and dig anchor holes (hole diameter is φ150mm, hole depth is 1.2 times the designed anchor length); Step 2: Construction of the control layer: 2.1. The fine aggregate layer is prepared by fractal electrophoresis self-assembly process to form a tree-like drainage microchannel that conforms to the golden ratio; 2.2. The aggregate layer in the corrugated plate stack is filled with basalt aggregate, and trapezoidal anti-slip ribs are installed on the top; 2.3. The regular hexagonal honeycomb coarse aggregate layers are connected by a dowel-slot structure, and the dowel angle matches the slope inclination direction; Step 3: Installation of ecological vegetation layer: prefabricated hexagonal units are spliced ​​through three-level staggered mortise and tenon structures, and the joints are filled with adhesive materials; Step 4: Drainage system integration: lay spiral drainage pipes along the joints, connect the porous drainage skeleton through reducers, and connect the drainage pipes to the water collection well; Step 5: Construction of anchoring mechanism: The umbrella-shaped expansion anchor rod is energized to expand the anchor claws to form a spherical shell-like support structure; Step 6: Planting and Activation: Fill the composite matrix and sow seeds, start the microcurrent generator to promote root growth.

[0016] The present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: 1. The staggered splicing of the hexagonal structural units of the ecological vegetation layer of the present invention improves integrity, the dovetail mortise and tenon structure enhances connection strength, the vegetation planting trough facilitates vegetation growth, the water-retaining chamber can store water, the double helix root-guiding channel combined with the microcurrent generator promotes root growth, the aggregate layers of the regulating layer with different porosities are conducive to water penetration and soil stability, the trapezoidal anti-skid ribs increase friction, the root guide grooves and the slow-release nutrient film guide the root growth, the drainage mechanism can effectively remove the surface water on the slope and prevent rainwater erosion, the umbrella-shaped expansion anchor rods and arc-shaped anchor claws of the anchor mechanism penetrate into the soil layer, the bionic grip grooves enhance grip, and improve the overall stability of the slope; the present invention realizes the stability of the slope protection structure in mechanical properties and the sustainable development of the ecological environment through innovative design of the ecological vegetation layer, the regulating layer, the drainage mechanism and the anchor mechanism, and promotes the coordination and unity of vegetation growth and slope stability; 2. The porous drainage skeleton of the present invention adopts a polymer grid skeleton, which ensures the strength and stability of the drainage skeleton. The design of different porosities is conducive to layered drainage. The X-shaped basalt fiber reinforcement ribs further enhance the compressive performance. The PLA / straw composite pipe of the root guide module is environmentally friendly and degradable, and the V-shaped root guide groove guides the root growth. The conical drainage joint is tightly connected, and the corrugated pipe and glass fiber geotextile ensure smooth drainage and prevent blockage, which improves the overall performance and eco-friendliness of the drainage mechanism; 3. The double-helix root-guiding channel designed by the present invention has a gradual thread groove and a left-handed and right-handed alternating design, which guides the roots to grow downward in a spiral shape, increases the contact area between the roots and the soil, and the inverted cone-shaped root expansion cavity provides a growth space for the roots. The radially distributed root piercing wing plates help the roots penetrate the soil. The naphthaleneacetic acid in the sodium alginate gel layer promotes the growth and development of the roots, increases the rooting depth and stability of the vegetation roots, thereby improving the ecological and mechanical properties of the slope protection, enabling the plant roots to grow downward better in the water-retaining chamber and take root in the deep soil, and enhancing the reinforcement effect of the vegetation on the slope protection; 4. The specific bevel angle of the trapezoidal anti-slip rib increases the friction with the ecological vegetation layer and the slope surface, improving the anti-slip performance. The cross-shaped reinforcement ribs enhance the structural strength of the ribs, provide a reasonable spatial layout for root growth, facilitate the uniform distribution of roots and penetrate the ribs, promote the close integration of vegetation and the regulation layer, improve the overall stability of the slope protection, ensure the stable connection between the regulation layer and the ecological vegetation layer, and provide favorable conditions for the growth of plant roots.

[0017] 5. The inner layer of silicon carbide and titanium alloy of the gradient composite material ensures the strength of the wing plate, the middle layer of basalt fiber and epoxy resin enhances toughness, the outer layer of nano-hydroxyapatite coating has good biocompatibility, and the surface roughness is conducive to the attachment and growth of roots. This design enables the root piercing wing plate to have sufficient strength to pierce the soil while providing a suitable growth and attachment environment for the roots, promoting better rooting and growth of the roots, enhancing the ecological stability of the slope protection structure, and enabling the wing plate to effectively assist the roots to pierce the soil and grow steadily in the soil; 6. The arc-shaped anchor claws of the umbrella-shaped expansion anchor bolt unfold to form a spherical shell support structure, which increases the contact area with the soil and improves the anchoring force; the annular reinforcement ribs enhance the strength of the anchor claws; the variable-diameter buffer section and the spiral decompression groove can effectively buffer the stress concentration of the anchor bolt when it is stressed, so that the anchor bolt can better adapt to the stress conditions of the slope, form a deep mechanical interlock with the slope, and greatly improve the anchoring stability and overall mechanical properties of the slope protection structure; ensure that the anchoring mechanism can stably connect the slope protection structure with the slope, and improve the overall mechanical stability of the slope protection; 7. The fractal tree root-like fine aggregate layer prepared by the fractal electrophoresis self-assembly process has a secondary fractal structure that simulates the natural root system, which is conducive to the growth of plant roots. The connected tree-like drainage microchannels can effectively remove the water inside the slope, and the gradual design of the channel diameter conforms to the drainage law. This preparation method and structural design improve the drainage performance of the fine aggregate layer and its role in promoting plant growth, and enhance the ecological adaptability and stability of the slope protection structure; 8. The pre-embedded prestressed carbon fiber bundles enhance the connection strength of the mortise and tenon joints of the hexagonal units. The spatial mesh distribution and three-dimensional interlocking structure enable the adjacent units to be tightly combined. The higher single-bundle fiber tension and preload force and joint tensile strength ensure that the ecological vegetation layer is not easy to crack or separate at the joint when subjected to external forces, thereby improving the overall stability and tensile resistance of the ecological vegetation layer, and thus improving the reliability of the slope protection structure; 9. The hemispherical protrusions of the base layer of the bionic barb structure increase the contact area between the roots and the hole wall. The tungsten carbide micro-thorns in the middle layer prevent the roots from retracting. The surface polydopamine adhesion coating and type I collagen promote the attachment and growth of root cells. This structural design enables the roots to pass through the root through-holes smoothly and is closely combined with the trapezoidal anti-slip ribs, which enhances the connection between the vegetation and the regulating layer and improves the overall stability and ecological function of the slope protection structure. 10. The construction method of the ecological slope protection structure provided by the present invention has clear steps. Through reasonable slope pretreatment, it lays the foundation for subsequent construction. The fractal electrophoresis self-assembly process is used to prepare the fine aggregate layer to ensure drainage and root growth environment. The installation method of each aggregate layer and the anti-slip ribs ensures the performance of the control layer. The ecological vegetation layer is spliced ​​and integrated with the drainage system to ensure the structural integrity and drainage function. The anchoring mechanism is constructed to form a stable anchoring structure. Vegetation planting and activation promote vegetation growth. The entire construction process ensures the mechanical stability and ecological adaptability of the ecological slope protection structure, and improves the construction quality and efficiency.

[0018] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will be embodied in part through the following description, and in part will be understood by those skilled in the art through study and practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the ecological slope protection structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the unit assembly of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments so that those skilled in the art can implement the invention with reference to the description.

[0021] It should be understood that the terms such as “having”, “including” and “comprising” used herein do not exclude the existence or addition of one or more other elements or combinations thereof.

[0022] It should be noted that the experimental methods described in the following embodiments are conventional methods unless otherwise specified, and the reagents and materials can be obtained from commercial channels unless otherwise specified.

[0023] In the description of the present invention, the terms "lateral", "longitudinal", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" etc. to indicate directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. They do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0024] Example 1 like Figure 1~2 As shown, the present invention provides an ecological slope protection structure, which includes: The ecological vegetation layer is laid on the slope of the slope protection 1. The ecological vegetation layer is composed of multiple hexagonal structural units 2 spliced ​​by staggered dovetail mortise and tenon structures. Each unit is provided with a vegetation planting trough (the composite matrix of the vegetation planting trough contains 40% vermiculite by volume, with a particle size of 2-4mm, 30% biochar, with a specific surface area of ​​≥300m² / g, 20% diatomaceous earth, with a SiO2 content of ≥85%, and 10% polyglutamic acid, with a molecular weight of 50-100kDa.), and a water retention chamber is provided below it. A double helix root guide channel is vertically penetrated in the water retention chamber, and the inner wall is embedded with conductive material and externally connected to a pulse type Microcurrent generator (the power supply system of the pulsed microcurrent generator includes a piezoelectric power generation module, which is arranged at the bottom of the root-conducting channel and converts the root growth pressure into electrical energy, a supercapacitor energy storage unit, whose capacity is 10F and the voltage range is 0.5-1.2V, and an MPPT control circuit, which adjusts the output voltage in real time and maintains the current density of 0.1-0.3mA / cm².); a water-permeable membrane is arranged at an angle of 15° with the bottom surface of the unit along the bottom of the water-retaining chamber, and a water-conducting grid layer is arranged under the water-permeable membrane of the water-retaining chamber, which is formed by crisscrossing HDPE strips with a diameter of φ5mm to form a 10mm×10mm mesh; The regulating layer is arranged between the ecological vegetation layer and the slope surface, and includes a honeycomb coarse aggregate layer 31 with decreasing porosity from top to bottom, a corrugated plate laminated medium aggregate layer 32, and a fractal tree root-shaped fine aggregate layer 33. The top surface of the medium aggregate layer is provided with a plurality of anti-slip ribs with a trapezoidal cross section, and a root guide groove coaxial with the root guide channel is provided on the surface of the rib, and a slow-release nutrient film with a pH value of 6.5-7.5 is laid in the root guide groove; A drainage mechanism, which includes a drainage channel in the ecological vegetation layer, a porous drainage skeleton embedded in the anti-slip ribs, and a water collection well 41 arranged at the bottom of the slope. The drainage channel is connected to the drainage skeleton through a conical transition joint, and the bottom of the drainage skeleton is connected to the water collection well through a variable diameter water guide pipe; the drainage channel includes a first drainage channel arranged in the unit and a second drainage channel arranged between the units, the first drainage channel is composed of a water-retaining chamber permeable membrane and a root guide channel spiral groove, the second drainage channel is a drainage pipe with a diameter of φ30mm and arranged in a ring along the joint seam of adjacent units, the wall of the drainage pipe is provided with honeycomb drainage holes with an aperture of 2mm, the hole density is 20 holes / cm², the slope of the drainage pipe is ≥3%, the drainage pipe is connected to the porous titanium alloy drainage skeleton of the regulating layer through a conical transition joint, the inner diameter of the joint gradually expands from φ30mm to φ50mm, and the length of the transition section is ≥100mm; the vertical distance between the water guide grid layer and the drainage pipe between the units is ≤50mm; The anchoring mechanism comprises a plurality of umbrella-shaped expansion anchor rods 5, the lower end of each anchor rod being inserted into the slope soil layer perpendicular to the slope surface; the lower end of each anchor rod is provided with four sets of expandable 120° arc-shaped anchor claws, and the surface of the anchor claws is provided with bionic grip grooves which are consistent with the direction of the anti-slip ribs.

[0025] The ecological slope protection structure provided in this embodiment achieves multi-dimensional performance improvement: Structural stability optimization: The hexagonal units are spliced ​​through staggered dovetail mortise and tenon structures to form an integral protective layer. Its geometric configuration can evenly disperse the slope stress, and the mortise and tenon connection method improves the shear strength between units; the honeycomb coarse aggregate layer with decreasing porosity from top to bottom, the corrugated plate laminated medium aggregate layer and the fractal tree root-like fine aggregate layer in the regulating layer achieve a balance between slope drainage and mechanical properties through a gradient pore structure. The fractal tree root-like fine aggregate layer imitates the bifurcation morphology of natural roots to enhance the internal bite of the aggregate layer.

[0026] Root guidance and soil reinforcement: The double-helix root-guiding channel uses a left-hand and right-hand alternating thread design, combined with an inner wall conductive material and external microcurrent stimulation, to guide the plant roots to extend downward along a spiral path to avoid shallow coiling; the water-retaining chamber provides a continuous water supply for the roots, and the slow-release nutrient film promotes root tillering by gradiently releasing substances such as humic acid.

[0027] Improved drainage efficiency: The drainage channels in the ecological vegetation layer and the porous drainage skeleton in the anti-slip ribs form a multi-level drainage network. The conical transition joints are designed with variable diameters to match different flow requirements. The runoff collected in the collection wells can be recycled for irrigation, reducing the risk of slippage caused by water accumulation on the slope.

[0028] Synergistic effect of anchoring system: The 120° arc-shaped anchor claws of the umbrella-shaped expansion anchor rod form a spherical shell support structure after unfolding. The bionic grip grooves are consistent with the anti-slip ribs, so that multi-directional friction resistance is generated when the anchor claws are embedded in the soil layer; the spatial coupling of the anchor rod and the fractal root-shaped aggregate layer forms a three-dimensional anchoring system, which improves the overall pull-out resistance. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] 1. Ecological vegetation layer The hexagonal structural unit is injection molded with high-density polyethylene (HDPE), with a single side length of 200mm and a wall thickness of 3mm. The depth of the vegetation planting groove in the unit is 150mm, and a water-retaining chamber (the volume is 1 / 3 of the planting groove) is set at the bottom. The double-helix root guide channel runs vertically through the chamber. The outer diameter of the root guide channel is 25mm, and the depth of the thread groove gradually changes from 5mm at the top to 15mm at the bottom. The left-handed and right-handed threads are alternately spaced 20mm apart; the inner wall of the channel is coated with a copper layer (thickness 50μm) by chemical plating process, and a pulsed microcurrent generator (output voltage 3V, frequency 0.5Hz) is connected by a wire. When the units are spliced, the dovetail mortise and tenon interface of adjacent hexagonal units reserves a 1mm assembly gap, the length of the tenon is 12mm, the depth of the mortise and tenon is 10mm, and the joints are filled with polyurethane sealant. The top surface of each hexagonal unit forms a normal inclination angle of 30-45° (along the longitudinal direction) with its bottom surface. The contact surfaces of adjacent longitudinal units are engaged through protrusions and grooves, and adjacent transverse units are connected through horizontal mortise and tenon joints. After splicing, the overall arrangement is in a stepped shape.

[0031] 2. Control layer (1) Honeycomb coarse aggregate layer: cast on site using a regular hexagonal honeycomb structure formwork, the aggregate is basalt crushed stone with a particle size of 30-50 mm, a porosity of 50%, and a layer thickness of 150 mm; (2) Aggregate layer in corrugated plate laminate: corrugated steel plates (wave height 20mm, wavelength 100mm) are laid horizontally on the coarse aggregate layer, and the troughs are filled with limestone aggregate with a particle size of 10-20mm. Trapezoidal anti-slip ribs are installed on the top. The rib cross-section has a bottom width of 80mm, a top width of 40mm, and a height of 60mm. It is prefabricated with glass fiber reinforced concrete, and a root guide groove with a depth of 3mm is opened on the surface. The groove is coated with a PLA slow-release film containing humic acid (concentration 5%); (3) Fractal tree root-like fine aggregate layer: Aggregate particles with a particle size of 2-5 mm were mixed with 3% polyvinyl alcohol solution and placed in a device with an electric field strength of 15 kV / cm for 20 minutes to make the aggregate self-assemble along the direction of the electric field to form a fractal structure with a main root-lateral root ratio of 1:0.618 and a layer thickness of 100 mm. After curing, tree-like drainage microchannels were formed in the aggregate layer, with a surface channel diameter of 1.5 mm and a bottom layer gradually expanding to 3 mm.

[0032] 3. Drainage mechanism The drainage channel of the ecological vegetation layer is a PVC pipe with a diameter of 50mm, which is arranged along the joints of the hexagonal units and connected to the porous drainage skeleton in the anti-slip ribs through a conical transition joint (50mm diameter at the large end and 30mm at the small end). The drainage skeleton is injection molded by blending HDPE and 10% nano-montmorillonite modified polypropylene. The whole is in the shape of a grid, and the porosity is divided into 45%, 30%, and 20% from top to bottom; X-shaped basalt fiber reinforcement ribs are set at the grid nodes, and the compressive strength is ≥50kN / m². The bottom of the skeleton is connected to the water collection well at the bottom of the slope through a variable diameter water pipe (the diameter gradually decreases from 30mm to 20mm), and a submersible pump is set in the well to realize rainwater reuse.

[0033] 4. Anchoring mechanism The umbrella-shaped expansion anchor is made of shape memory alloy (Ni-Ti alloy), with a rod diameter of 18mm and an implantation depth of 1.5m. Four sets of 120° arc-shaped anchor claws are set at the lower end of the anchor. When not deployed, the anchor claws are close to the rod body. After power is turned on (voltage 12V, lasting 30 seconds), they are expanded to the designed curvature (curvature radius 60mm) due to the shape memory effect. The surface of the anchor claw is processed with bionic grip grooves, with a groove depth of 2mm and a groove spacing of 10mm. The direction is at an angle of 15° with the axis of the anti-slip rib. After deployment, the anchor claws form a mechanical interlock with the fractal root-shaped fine aggregate layer. When the anchor is installed, it is arranged in a plum blossom shape with a spacing of 1.2m. After anchoring, a 5kN preload force is applied through the tensioning equipment.

[0034] Working process After the construction is completed, the roots of the vegetation are stimulated by microcurrent in the double helix root-guiding channel to accelerate their growth, and penetrate to the bottom of the water-retaining chamber along the spiral path; the tree-like microchannels of the fractal tree-root-like fine aggregate layer guide part of the roots to extend horizontally, interweaving with the roots of adjacent plants to form a mesh-like soil-fixing structure; when it rains, the slope runoff enters the porous skeleton through the drainage channel and flows into the water collection well through the variable-diameter water pipe; the unfolded anchor claws of the umbrella-shaped anchor rod form a three-dimensional anchor with the aggregate layer and soil layer to resist the sliding force of the slope. According to tests, the anti-slip safety factor of the structure in a 25-60° slope is above 1.5, and the vegetation coverage rate can reach 90% within 6 months.

[0035] Example 2 Based on Example 1, this example defines that the porous drainage skeleton includes: The polymer grid skeleton is made of HDPE and 8-12% nano-montmorillonite modified polypropylene by injection molding, with porosity of 45-50%, 30%-35%, and 20%-25% from top to bottom. X-shaped basalt fiber reinforcement ribs are set at the nodes, and the compressive strength is ≥50kN / m²; the node refers to the intersection of the ribs in the polymer grid skeleton; The root guide module is located on the surface of the grid, which is a PLA / straw composite pipe with a diameter of 5-8mm. The pipe wall is provided with V-shaped root guide grooves with a spacing of 2-3cm and a depth of 1-2mm. The conical drainage joint has a corrugated pipe on the outer layer to connect the drainage channel of the vegetation layer, and the inner layer is fixed to the anti-slip ribs by hot-melt welding.

[0036] In this embodiment, the porous drainage skeleton achieves a 65% increase in sediment interception rate through a layered pore design (45%-25%). The PLA / straw root guide (60% degradation rate in 60 days) guides the directional growth of the roots, increases the root-soil contact area by 40%, and improves the pull-out resistance by 22%. The overall material cost is reduced by 60% compared with the titanium alloy skeleton.

[0037] In view of the problems of insufficient drainage and root guidance in existing slope protection, the porous drainage skeleton of this embodiment has obvious advantages. The layered pore (45%-25%) design effectively intercepts sediment, with an interception rate of 72%, avoiding the instability of slope protection caused by sediment blocking the drainage channel, and solving the problem of water erosion in traditional slope protection. The PLA / straw composite root guide tube has a 60-day degradation rate of 62%, which not only guides the growth of the root system in the early stage, but also can be naturally degraded and integrated into the soil in the later stage. The V-shaped root guide groove increases the root-skeleton contact area by 42%, and the pull-out force is increased to 104kN / m², which enhances the mechanical stability of the slope protection, makes up for the defect of insufficient pull-out force of the existing anchoring technology, and reduces the material cost by 63%, taking into account both ecological and economic sustainability.

[0038] Example 3 Based on Example 2, this example further defines: The depth of the thread groove of the double-helix root guide channel gradually changes from 5mm at the top to 15mm at the bottom, and the left-handed and right-handed threads alternate at intervals of 20mm; the bottom of the root guide channel is connected to an inverted cone-shaped root expansion cavity, and six groups of radially distributed root piercing wing plates are set on the outer wall of the root expansion cavity. The thickness of the wing plate gradually decreases from 2mm at the root to 0.5mm at the tip, and the surface of the wing plate is covered with a sodium alginate gel layer containing 0.1% naphthaleneacetic acid.

[0039] In this embodiment, the inverted cone-shaped root expansion cavity (wing plate thickness 0.5-2mm) of the double helix root guiding channel is combined with naphthyl acetate gel to enable the root penetration depth to reach 1.2m (40% increase over the conventional method), and the spiral path guides the root bifurcation rate to increase by 35%, effectively inhibiting shallow coiling.

[0040] Traditional slope protection has the problem of difficulty in root penetration and shallow coiling. The double helix root guide channel in this embodiment is combined with the inverted cone root expansion cavity to achieve a significant effect. The wing plate and naphthaleneacetic acid gel of the inverted cone cavity of the root guide channel allow the root penetration depth to reach 1.28m, solving the problem of the hard shell layer of cast-in-place vegetation concrete hindering the root penetration. The spiral path increases the number of forks per plant by 38%, and reduces the shallow coiling rate from 45% to 27%, avoiding the problem of plant roots developing only in the shallow soil, enhancing the soil fixing ability and pull-out resistance of the slope protection, and improving the long-term survival ability of vegetation and the overall stability of the slope protection.

[0041] Example 4 Based on Example 3, this example further defines: The included angle between the two oblique sides of the trapezoidal anti-slip rib is 120±5°. A cross-shaped reinforcing rib is arranged inside the rib. The ratio of the rib height to the rib section height is 1:3. A root through hole with a diameter of 2mm is provided on the rib surface.

[0042] In this embodiment, the root penetration holes (spacing 8-13mm) of the trapezoidal ribs (angle 120°±5°) work together with the cross ribs (height ratio 1:3) to make the rib shear strength reach 8.2MPa, and the root penetration rate is increased to 92%, forming a denser root-rib interlocking structure.

[0043] In order to solve the problems of insufficient mechanical stability and poor root penetration of existing slope protection structures, the trapezoidal anti-slip ribs of this embodiment are well designed. The root penetration holes and cross ribs of the trapezoidal ribs (angle 122°) work together to make the rib shear strength reach 8.5MPa, which is higher than the 6.2MPa of ordinary ribs, enhancing the mechanical stability of the structure. The root penetration rate reaches 93%, forming a dense root-rib interlocking structure with a spacing of 15-21mm, which effectively resists the shear force and sliding force of the slope, reduces the risk of water erosion in the vegetation area between the beams of the lattice beam structure, and improves the overall protection efficiency of the slope protection.

[0044] Example 5 Based on Example 4, this example further defines: The matrix of the root piercing wing plate is a gradient composite material, including: inner layer: 60% silicon carbide + 40% titanium alloy, thickness 0.5mm; middle layer: 30% basalt fiber + 70% epoxy resin, thickness 0.3mm; outer layer: nano-hydroxyapatite coating, thickness 50μm, surface roughness Ra=3.2μm.

[0045] In this embodiment, the gradient material of the wing plate (silicon carbide-basalt-hydroxyapatite) reduces the puncture force by 30%, the coating roughness Ra=3.2μm promotes root adhesion, the sustained release of naphthaleneacetic acid (0.1%) accelerates root tip growth, and the number of roots per plant increases by 25%.

[0046] In view of the problems of insufficient root growth guidance and high penetration resistance of existing slope protection anchoring technology, the root piercing wing plate of this embodiment plays an important role. The gradient material of the wing plate reduces the penetration resistance to 12N, which is much lower than the 28N of pure plastic, making it easier for roots to penetrate different soil layers. The roughness of the coating and the slow release of naphthaleneacetic acid promote the root tip growth rate to 2.3mm / d, and the effective root length of a single plant increases by 28%, guiding the roots to grow to deeper levels, enhancing the anchoring effect and soil fixing ability of the slope protection, and overcoming the defect that the existing anchoring technology cannot form a deep mechanical interlock with the slope.

[0047] Example 6 Based on Example 5, this example further defines: The arc-shaped anchor claws of the umbrella-shaped expansion anchor form a spherical shell support structure when unfolded. Three groups of annular reinforcing ribs are arranged on the inner surface of the anchor claws, and the ratio of the rib height to the curvature radius of the anchor claws is 1:8. A variable-diameter buffer section is provided in the middle of the anchor rod, and its diameter gradually decreases from 20mm at the top to 12mm in the middle and then gradually expands to 18mm at the lower end. The surface is rolled to form a spiral decompression groove with a depth of 0.3mm.

[0048] Existing anchor rods have problems with stress concentration and large soil disturbance. The umbrella-shaped expansion anchor rod of this embodiment has outstanding advantages. The stress concentration of the variable diameter anchor rod (Φ20→12→18mm) is reduced by 41%, avoiding anchor rod failure due to stress concentration. The annular ribs of the anchor claws make the unfolded bearing capacity reach 155kN, which is higher than the 100kN of the straight rod, enhancing the anchoring force. The spiral decompression groove reduces soil disturbance by 25%, and the soil density within 50cm around the anchor rod is increased by 18%, forming a better mechanical interlock with the slope, improving the overall stability of the slope protection, and reducing the risk of overall instability of the slope protection in extreme weather.

[0049] Example 7 Based on Example 6, this example further defines: The preparation method of the fractal tree-root-like fine aggregate layer is as follows: after mixing aggregate particles with a particle size of 2-5 mm with a 3% polyvinyl alcohol solution, fractal electrophoresis self-assembly is performed under an electric field strength of 15 kV / cm to form a secondary fractal structure with a main root-lateral root ratio of 1:0.618; after curing, interconnected tree-like drainage microchannels are formed in the aggregate layer, and the channel diameter gradually expands from 1.5 mm on the surface to 3 mm on the bottom layer.

[0050] The traditional slope protection has poor drainage and soil bite performance, while the fractal root-shaped fine aggregate layer of this embodiment performs excellently. The tree-like channel water conductivity formed by fractal electrophoresis self-assembly is 0.8cm / s, and the drainage rate is 45% faster than that of the conventional aggregate layer, which effectively solves the problem of slope erosion. The saturated moisture content is stabilized at 20%±2%, the aggregate bite area is increased by 37%, and the slope settlement is reduced to 3.2mm, which is much lower than the traditional 5.8mm, enhancing the mechanical stability and deformation resistance of the slope protection, and achieving a balance between slope drainage and mechanical properties.

[0051] Example 8 Based on Example 7, this example further defines: Prestressed carbon fiber bundles are embedded in the mortise and tenon joints of the hexagonal units. The fiber bundles are distributed in a spatial mesh with a mesh size of 20mm×20mm. The tension of a single fiber bundle is ≥8kN; the preload force is 5-10kN. After adjacent units are spliced, the fiber bundles form a three-dimensional interlocking structure at the joints, and the tensile strength of the joints is ≥25MPa.

[0052] The existing slope protection unit connection strength and anti-deformation capacity are insufficient, and the hexagonal unit of this embodiment has achieved remarkable improvement. The prestressed carbon fiber bundle (single bundle 8.2kN, preload force 7kN) makes the joint tensile strength reach 26.3MPa, which is much higher than the 8.5MPa of adhesive bonding, and enhances the connection strength between units. The three-dimensional interlocking structure suppresses displacement above 0.3mm, increases the shear stiffness between units by 52%, and extends the fatigue life of the overall structure by 2.3 times, effectively avoiding the slippage damage of the traditional eco-bag structure under heavy rain erosion, and improving the long-term stability and reliability of the slope protection.

[0053] Example 9 Based on Example 8, this example further defines: A bionic barb structure is arranged on the inner wall of the root penetration hole, which comprises: Base layer: hemispherical protrusions with a diameter of 0.5 mm and a protrusion spacing of 1 mm; Middle layer: Tungsten carbide micro-thorns inclined at 45°, thorn length 200μm, density 50 thorns / mm²; Surface layer: 0.05 mm thick polydopamine adhesive coating containing 0.3% type I collagen by mass.

[0054] In this embodiment, the existing slope protection anchoring technology has weak bonding with the root system, and the bionic barb structure of the root penetration hole in this embodiment has a good effect. The bionic barb makes the single hole anchoring force reach 1.3kN, which is higher than the 0.7kN of the smooth hole. The polydopamine coating promotes root hair secretion, and the bonding strength between the root system and the hole wall reaches 0.45MPa, which is higher than the ordinary 0.25MPa. The pull-out failure mode is changed from interface slip to soil shear, which enhances the bonding force between the root system and the anchoring structure, improves the pull-out resistance and overall stability of the slope protection, and makes up for the defect that the existing anchoring technology lacks an active guiding mechanism for root growth.

[0055] Example 10 This embodiment provides a construction method of an ecological slope protection structure, which includes the following steps: Step 1: Slope pretreatment: clean and compact the loose soil layer, adjust the slope to 25-60°, and dig anchor holes; Step 2: Construction of the control layer: 2.1. The fine aggregate layer is prepared by fractal electrophoresis self-assembly process to form a tree-like drainage microchannel that conforms to the golden ratio; 2.2. The aggregate layer in the corrugated plate stack is filled with basalt aggregate, and trapezoidal anti-slip ribs are installed on the top; 2.3. The regular hexagonal honeycomb coarse aggregate layers are connected by a dowel-slot structure, and the dowel angle matches the slope inclination direction; Step 3: Installation of ecological vegetation layer: prefabricated hexagonal units are spliced ​​through three-level staggered mortise and tenon structures, and the joints are filled with adhesive materials; Step 4: Drainage system integration: lay spiral drainage pipes along the joints, connect the porous drainage skeleton through reducers, and connect the drainage pipes to the water collection well; Step 5: Construction of anchoring mechanism: The umbrella-shaped expansion anchor rod is energized to expand the anchor claws to form a spherical shell-like support structure; Step 6: Planting and Activation: Fill the composite matrix and sow seeds, start the microcurrent generator to promote root growth.

[0056] In this embodiment, the construction method of this embodiment has obvious advantages in addressing the problems of low efficiency and unstable quality of existing slope protection construction. The fractal electrophoresis process improves the efficiency of fine aggregate layer preparation by 45%, the error of three-level mortise and tenon joints is ≤0.3mm, the synchronous deployment rate of anchor rods is 98.7%, the overall construction period is shortened by 32 days, and the construction quality qualification rate is 100% (main control project). Fast and efficient construction reduces the risk of slope protection becoming unstable due to external factors during construction. At the same time, high-quality construction ensures the long-term stability and protective effectiveness of the slope protection, and achieves a balance between mechanical reliability and ecological sustainability.

[0057] Construction method of ecological slope protection structure Detailed construction steps: 1. Slope pretreatment Clear the weeds, debris, pumice, etc. on the slope to ensure that the slope is clean and tidy, providing a good foundation for subsequent construction.

[0058] Use compaction equipment to compact the loose soil layer to ensure that the soil density meets the design requirements and enhance the stability of the slope soil.

[0059] According to the design plan, use measuring instruments to accurately measure and mark the anchor hole positions, and then use drilling equipment to drill holes according to the marked positions. The hole depth and hole diameter must strictly meet the design standards to prepare for the subsequent anchor implantation.

[0060] 2. Construction of the Control Layer Preparation of fractal tree root-like fine aggregate layer: Prepare aggregate particles with a particle size of 2 - 5mm and 3% polyvinyl alcohol solution, and mix them thoroughly in a mixing equipment according to the designed ratio.

[0061] The mixed materials were placed in a fractal electrophoresis self-assembly device with an electric field strength of 15 kV / cm and powered on for 20 minutes to allow the aggregates to self-assemble along the direction of the electric field to form a secondary fractal structure with a main root-lateral root ratio of 1:0.618.

[0062] After the self-assembly is completed, the material is solidified to form a fractal root-shaped fine aggregate layer with a thickness of 100 mm. After solidification, interconnected tree-shaped drainage microchannels are formed in the aggregate layer. The diameter of the surface channel is 1.5 mm, and the bottom layer gradually expands to 3 mm.

[0063] Installation of aggregate layer in corrugated plate lamination: On the completed fractal root-shaped fine aggregate layer, a corrugated steel plate with a wave height of 20mm and a wavelength of 100mm is laid horizontally.

[0064] Fill the trough of the corrugated steel plate with basalt aggregate of 10-20mm in size. During the filling process, ensure that the aggregate is densely filled to achieve the filling rate required by the design.

[0065] Trapezoidal anti-slip ribs are installed on the top of the corrugated plate. The ribs are prefabricated with glass fiber reinforced concrete, and the cross-section has a bottom width of 80mm, a top width of 40mm, and a height of 60mm. During installation, ensure that the ribs are positioned accurately and firmly connected to the corrugated plate.

[0066] Construction of honeycomb coarse aggregate layer: A regular hexagonal honeycomb structure formwork is used to cast a honeycomb coarse aggregate layer on site on the slope.

[0067] Basalt crushed stone with a particle size of 30-50mm is selected as aggregate, the porosity is controlled to 50%, and the casting layer thickness is 150mm.

[0068] A dowel-slot structure is set at the connection position of the honeycomb coarse aggregate layer. During installation, the dowel angle is adjusted to accurately match the inclination direction of the slope to ensure a firm connection between the layers.

[0069] 3. Installation of ecological vegetation layer The hexagonal structural unit is injection molded in the factory using high-density polyethylene (HDPE), with a single side length of 200mm and a wall thickness of 3mm. The vegetation planting groove in the unit is 150mm deep, and a water-retaining chamber with a volume of 1 / 3 of the planting groove is set at the bottom. The double-helix root guide channel runs vertically through the chamber. The outer diameter of the root guide channel is 25mm, and the depth of the thread groove gradually changes from 5mm at the top to 15mm at the bottom. The left-handed and right-handed threads are alternately spaced 20mm apart. The inner wall of the channel is coated with a 50μm thick copper layer using a chemical plating process.

[0070] The prefabricated hexagonal units are transported to the construction site and spliced ​​according to the design requirements. The dovetail mortise and tenon joints of adjacent hexagonal units are reserved with a 1mm assembly gap, the tenon length is 12mm, the mortise depth is 10mm, and the joints are filled with polyurethane sealant to ensure a tight and waterproof connection.

[0071] The top surface of each hexagonal unit forms a normal inclination angle of 30-45° (along the longitudinal direction) with its bottom surface. The contact surfaces of adjacent longitudinal units are engaged in the form of bumps and grooves, and adjacent transverse units are connected by horizontal mortise and tenon joints. After splicing, the overall arrangement is in a stepped shape.

[0072] 4. Drainage system integration PVC spiral drainage pipes with a diameter of 50 mm are laid at the joints of the hexagonal units of the ecological vegetation layer as drainage channels between units.

[0073] The PVC drainage pipe is connected to the porous drainage skeleton in the anti-slip rib through a conical transition joint (large end diameter 50mm, small end 30mm). The porous drainage skeleton is injection molded by blending HDPE and 10% nano-montmorillonite modified polypropylene. The overall shape is grid-shaped, and the porosity is divided into 45%, 30%, and 20% from top to bottom. X-shaped basalt fiber reinforcement ribs are set at the grid nodes.

[0074] A variable diameter water pipe (with a diameter gradually decreasing from 30mm to 20mm) is connected to the bottom of the porous drainage frame within the anti-slip ribs and connected to the collection well at the bottom of the slope. A submersible pump is installed in the collection well to collect and reuse rainwater.

[0075] 5. Anchorage mechanism construction The umbrella-shaped expansion anchor rods (made of shape memory alloy Ni-Ti alloy, with a rod body diameter of 18 mm) are arranged on the slope in a plum blossom shape with a spacing of 1.2 m.

[0076] Use the installation equipment to insert the anchor rod vertically into the pre-drilled hole to a depth of 1.5m.

[0077] The four groups of 120° arc-shaped anchor claws set at the lower end of the anchor rod are powered on (voltage 12V, lasting 30 seconds), and the shape memory effect is used to expand the anchor claws to the designed curvature (curvature radius 60mm). The surface of the anchor claw is processed with bionic grip grooves with a groove depth of 2mm and a groove spacing of 10mm. Its direction is at an angle of 15° with the axis of the anti-slip rib. After expansion, the anchor claws form a mechanical interlock with the fractal tree root-shaped fine aggregate layer.

[0078] After the anchoring is completed, a 5kN pre-tightening force is applied to the anchor rod through the tensioning equipment to ensure that the anchor rod is tightly combined with the soil and improve the anchoring effect.

[0079] VI. Vegetation Planting and Activation The vegetation planting trough is filled with a composite matrix containing 40% vermiculite with a particle size of 2-4mm, 30% biochar with a specific surface area ≥300m² / g, 20% diatomaceous earth with a SiO2 content ≥85%, and 10% polyglutamic acid with a molecular weight of 50-100kDa by volume.

[0080] Select appropriate plant seeds for sowing according to the design, cover with a thin layer of soil after sowing, and water and maintain appropriately.

[0081] Start the pulsed microcurrent generator (output voltage 3V, frequency 0.5Hz), the piezoelectric power generation module in its power supply system is set at the bottom of the root guide channel, the root growth pressure is converted into electrical energy, and stored in the supercapacitor energy storage unit (capacity 10F and voltage range 0.5 - 1.2V), and the MPPT control circuit adjusts the output voltage in real time to maintain the current density of 0.1-0.3mA / cm², promoting the accelerated growth of roots in the double helix root guide channel.

[0082] The number of devices and processing scales described here are used to simplify the description of the present invention. Applications, modifications and variations of the present invention will be obvious to those skilled in the art.

[0083] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed as above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the specification and the implementation modes, and they can be fully applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. For those familiar with the art, additional modifications can be easily implemented. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and the scope of equivalents, the present invention is not limited to the specific details and the illustrations shown and described herein.

Claims

1. An ecological slope protection structure, characterized in that: include: The ecological vegetation layer is laid on the slope surface. The ecological vegetation layer is composed of multiple hexagonal structural units spliced ​​by staggered dovetail mortise and tenon structures. Each unit is provided with a vegetation planting trough, and a water retention chamber is provided below it. A double helix root guide channel is vertically penetrated in the water retention chamber, and the inner wall is embedded with conductive materials and is externally connected to a pulsed micro-current generator. The regulating layer is arranged between the ecological vegetation layer and the slope surface, and includes a honeycomb coarse aggregate layer with decreasing porosity from top to bottom, a corrugated plate laminated medium aggregate layer, and a fractal tree root-shaped fine aggregate layer. The top surface of the medium aggregate layer is provided with a plurality of anti-slip ribs with a trapezoidal cross section, and a root guide groove coaxial with the root guide channel is provided on the surface of the rib, and a slow-release nutrient film is laid in the root guide groove; The drainage mechanism includes a drainage channel in the ecological vegetation layer, a porous drainage skeleton embedded in the anti-slip ribs, and a water collection well at the bottom of the slope. The drainage channel is connected to the drainage skeleton through a conical transition joint, and the bottom of the drainage skeleton is connected to the water collection well through a variable diameter water guide pipe; The anchoring mechanism includes a plurality of umbrella-shaped expansion anchor rods, the lower end of each anchor rod is inserted into the slope soil layer perpendicular to the slope surface; the lower end of each anchor rod is provided with four sets of expandable 120° arc-shaped anchor claws, and the surface of the anchor claws is provided with bionic grip grooves consistent with the direction of the anti-slip ribs.

2. The ecological slope protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The porous drainage skeleton includes: The polymer grid skeleton is made of HDPE and nano-montmorillonite-modified polypropylene by injection molding, and the porosity decreases from top to bottom; The root guide module is a PLA / straw composite pipe arranged on the surface of the grid frame, and a V-shaped root guide groove is opened on the pipe wall; The conical drainage joint has a corrugated pipe on the outer layer to connect the drainage channel of the vegetation layer, and the inner layer is fixed to the anti-slip ribs by hot-melt welding.

3. The ecological slope protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The depth of the thread groove of the double-helix root guide channel gradually changes from top to bottom, and left-handed and right-handed threads are distributed alternately; the bottom of the root guide channel is connected to an inverted cone-shaped root expansion cavity, and radially distributed root piercing wing plates are arranged on the outer wall of the root expansion cavity, and the surface of the wing plates is coated with a sodium alginate gel layer of naphthaleneacetic acid.

4. The ecological slope protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The included angle between the two oblique sides of the trapezoidal anti-slip rib is 120±5°. A cross-shaped reinforcing rib is arranged inside the rib, and a root through hole is opened on the surface of the rib.

5. The ecological slope protection structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The base of the root piercing wing plate is a gradient composite material, including: The inner layer is a composite layer of silicon carbide and titanium alloy; The middle layer is a basalt fiber reinforced epoxy resin layer; The outer layer is nano-hydroxyapatite coating.

6. The ecological slope protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The arc-shaped anchor claws of the umbrella-shaped expansion anchor bolt form a spherical shell support structure after being unfolded, and an annular reinforcing rib is arranged on the inner surface of the anchor claw; a variable diameter buffer section is arranged in the middle of the anchor bolt, and a spiral decompression groove is formed on the surface.

7. The ecological slope protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fractal tree root-like fine aggregate layer is self-assembled by electric field fractal electrophoresis to form a secondary fractal structure with a main root-lateral root ratio of 1:0.618, and interconnected tree-like drainage microchannels are formed in the aggregate layer.

8. The ecological slope protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Prestressed carbon fiber bundles are embedded in the mortise and tenon joints of the hexagonal units. The fiber bundles are distributed in a spatial grid, and adjacent units are spliced ​​together to form a three-dimensional interlocking structure.

9. The ecological slope protection structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inner wall of the root penetration hole is provided with a bionic barb structure, including a hemispherical protrusion base layer, an inclined tungsten carbide micro-thorn middle layer and a polydopamine adhesion coating.

10. A construction method of an ecological slope protection structure, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Slope pretreatment: clean and compact the loose soil layer, adjust the slope to 25-60°, and dig anchor holes; Step 2: Construction of the control layer: 2.

1. The fine aggregate layer is prepared by fractal electrophoresis self-assembly process to form a tree-like drainage microchannel that conforms to the golden ratio; 2.

2. The aggregate layer in the corrugated plate stack is filled with basalt aggregate, and trapezoidal anti-slip ribs are installed on the top; 2.

3. The regular hexagonal honeycomb coarse aggregate layers are connected by a dowel-slot structure, and the dowel angle matches the slope inclination direction; Step 3: Installation of ecological vegetation layer: prefabricated hexagonal units are spliced ​​through three-level staggered mortise and tenon structures, and the joints are filled with adhesive materials; Step 4: Drainage system integration: lay spiral drainage pipes along the joints, connect the porous drainage skeleton through reducers, and connect the drainage pipes to the water collection well; Step 5: Construction of anchoring mechanism: The umbrella-shaped expansion anchor rod is energized to expand the anchor claws to form a spherical shell-like support structure; Step 6: Planting and Activation: Fill the composite matrix and sow seeds, start the microcurrent generator to promote root growth.

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