Supercritical carbon dioxide energy storage device and use method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a supercritical carbon dioxide energy storage power generation device and a using method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of compressed carbon dioxide energy storage. The problem that the pressure and the temperature of the storage tank are reduced to affect release is solved. The heat exchanger comprises a pressure-bearing shell unit, a flow guide buffer unit, heat exchange assembly units and hanging guide units, the flow guide buffer unit is arranged in the pressure-bearing shell unit, a plurality of heat exchange assembly units are arranged in the flow guide buffer unit, a plurality of hanging guide units are arranged in the pressure-bearing shell unit, and the hanging guide units are arranged in the pressure-bearing shell unit. The flow guide buffer unit and the heat exchange assembly unit are respectively connected with the pressure-bearing shell unit through the hanging guide unit, the pressure-bearing shell unit is provided with a carbon dioxide working medium inlet and outlet, a warm flow working medium inlet and outlet and a detection interface, and the warm flow working medium inlet and the warm flow working medium outlet are both communicated with the heat exchange assembly unit. The device is mainly used for supercritical carbon dioxide working medium and energy storage of a carbon dioxide energy storage system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of compressed carbon dioxide energy storage, and in particular relates to a supercritical carbon dioxide energy storage device and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In order to cope with the challenges brought by global climate change and the shortage of fossil energy, my country has always adhered to the energy transformation strategy. With a high proportion of new energy connected to the power grid, the randomness, high volatility and strong intermittency of new energy have posed serious challenges to the regulation, support and stability capabilities of the power system. The development of large-scale and efficient energy storage systems has become a necessary path for the development of my country's new power system. The use of transcritical storage of carbon dioxide for energy storage has good development potential and application prospects. In the compressed carbon dioxide energy storage system, the high-pressure gas storage tank is the key equipment of the system and the connection point of multiple components in the energy storage system (such as compressors, turbines, heat storage and cold storage units, etc.), ensuring the energy flow and conversion between the various parts of the system. In the energy storage stage, carbon dioxide is compressed to below the critical pressure and injected into an isochoric high-pressure storage tank at a certain rate, and carbon dioxide is stored in the device. In the energy release stage, carbon dioxide is discharged from the exhaust port at a certain rate. The discharge process is accompanied by a decrease in the pressure and temperature of the storage tank, which reduces the temperature of the carbon dioxide in the storage tank and affects the release. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of this, the present invention aims to provide a supercritical carbon dioxide energy storage device and a method of using the same to solve the problem of the pressure and temperature drop in the storage tank affecting the release.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a supercritical carbon dioxide energy storage device, which includes a pressure shell unit, a flow guide buffer unit, a heat exchange component unit and a hanging guide unit, the pressure shell unit is provided with a flow guide buffer unit, the flow guide buffer unit is provided with a plurality of heat exchange component units, the plurality of heat exchange component units are provided in series or in parallel, the pressure shell unit is provided with a plurality of hanging guide units, the flow guide buffer unit and the heat exchange component unit are respectively connected to the pressure shell unit through the hanging guide unit, the pressure shell unit is provided with a carbon dioxide working fluid inlet, a carbon dioxide working fluid outlet, a warm current working fluid inlet, a warm current working fluid outlet and a detection interface, the warm current working fluid inlet and the warm current working fluid outlet are both connected to the heat exchange component unit.

[0005] Furthermore, the pressure shell unit includes an upper head, a cylinder, a supporting structure and a lower head, the supporting structure is arranged on the ground, and the lower head, the cylinder and the upper head are arranged in sequence from the top of the supporting structure upward, a plurality of hanging guide units are arranged on the inner wall of the cylinder, the diversion buffer unit and the heat exchange component unit are respectively connected to the cylinder through the hanging guide units, and a carbon dioxide working fluid inlet, a warm current working fluid inlet, a warm current working fluid outlet and a measuring point interface are arranged around the outer side of the cylinder, the warm current working fluid inlet is located below the warm current working fluid outlet, and the carbon dioxide working fluid inlet is arranged at the lower part of the cylinder.

[0006] Furthermore, the upper head has a carbon dioxide working medium outlet, an overpressure relief port, a manhole and a detection interface at the top.

[0007] Furthermore, an emptying interface is provided on the supporting structure, and the emptying interface penetrates the supporting structure and is connected to the lower head.

[0008] Furthermore, the flow guide buffer unit includes a flow guide sealing plate and a flow guide tube. The flow guide tube is hollow inside. The top of the flow guide tube is connected to one end of the flow guide sealing plate, and the other end of the flow guide sealing plate is connected to the inner wall of the cylinder. The flow guide sealing plate is arranged near the outlet of the carbon dioxide working medium. Several heat exchange component units are arranged in the flow guide tube, and the flow guide tube is connected to the cylinder through a hanging guide unit.

[0009] Furthermore, the cross-sectional diameter of the guide tube is larger than the cross-sectional diameter of the heat exchange component unit and smaller than the cross-sectional diameter of the cylinder body, and the axial length of the guide tube is larger than the axial length of the heat exchange component unit and smaller than the axial length of the cylinder body.

[0010] Furthermore, the heat exchange component unit includes a distribution header, a convergence header, a special-shaped heat exchange tube bundle, an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe. The special-shaped heat exchange tube bundle is connected to the cylinder body through a hanging guide unit and a guide tube. The input end of the special-shaped heat exchange tube bundle is connected to the distribution header and the inlet pipe in sequence, the inlet pipe is connected to the warm fluid inlet, and the output end of the special-shaped heat exchange tube bundle is connected to the convergence header and the outlet pipe in sequence, and the outlet pipe is connected to the warm fluid outlet.

[0011] Furthermore, a drain pipe is provided in parallel with the distribution header.

[0012] Furthermore, the hanging guide unit includes a special-shaped heat exchange tube bundle hanging and a guide buffer unit hanging. The two ends of the special-shaped heat exchange tube bundle hanging are arranged on the inner wall of the cylinder and connected, and the middle passes through the guide tube. The special-shaped heat exchange tube bundle hanging is on the special-shaped heat exchange tube bundle hanging. One end of the guide buffer unit hanging is connected to the guide tube, and the other end is connected to the inner wall of the cylinder.

[0013] A method for using a supercritical carbon dioxide energy storage device comprises the following steps:

[0014] S1: Energy storage condition, open the carbon dioxide working medium inlet, and fill the cylinder with carbon dioxide until the pressure inside the cylinder reaches the target pressure;

[0015] S2: Energy release condition, open the carbon dioxide working medium outlet and the warm fluid working medium inlet, and the carbon dioxide is heated by the heat exchange component unit and released through the carbon dioxide working medium outlet.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1. The supercritical carbon dioxide energy storage device described in the present invention can achieve high-density and long-term storage of carbon dioxide working fluid during peak electricity consumption, and release the energy of carbon dioxide working fluid during low electricity consumption;

[0018] 2. A supercritical carbon dioxide energy storage device according to the present invention is provided with a heat exchange component unit, which is arranged in series or in parallel. When the carbon dioxide working medium is released, the temperature of the carbon dioxide working medium can be kept constant, thereby ensuring the stable output of the carbon dioxide working medium;

[0019] 3. The supercritical carbon dioxide energy storage device described in the present invention is provided with an inspection hole on the outer surface of the pressure-bearing shell unit, which improves the convenience of adjustment, detection and maintenance of the device during use;

[0020] 4. The supercritical carbon dioxide energy storage device described in the present invention is provided with safety accessories such as measuring point interfaces and overpressure relief ports on the outer surface of the pressure-bearing components to ensure the safety and stability of the device operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The accompanying drawings constituting a part of the present invention are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the front structure of a supercritical carbon dioxide energy storage device according to the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the top structure of a heat exchange component unit of a supercritical carbon dioxide energy storage device according to the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of a heat exchange component unit of a supercritical carbon dioxide energy storage device described in the present invention.

[0025] In the figure:

[0026] 1-1: upper head; 1-2: cylinder; 1-3: supporting structure; 1-4: carbon dioxide working medium inlet; 1-5: carbon dioxide working medium outlet; 1-6: warm fluid working medium inlet; 1-7: warm fluid working medium outlet; 1-8 measuring point interface; 1-9: overpressure relief port; 1-10: drain interface; 1-11: lower head; 2-1: flow guide sealing plate; 2-2: flow guide cylinder; 3: heat exchange component unit; 3-1: distribution header; 3-2: convergence header; 3-3: special-shaped heat exchange tube bundle; 3-4: inlet pipe; 3-5: outlet pipe; 3-6: drain pipe; 4-1: special-shaped heat exchange tube bundle hanging; 4-2: flow guide buffer unit hanging. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely explain the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict, and the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments.

[0028] See also Figure 1-3 The present embodiment is described as a supercritical carbon dioxide energy storage device, which includes a pressure shell unit, a flow guide buffer unit, a heat exchange component unit 3 and a hanging guide unit. The pressure shell unit is hollow inside, and a flow guide buffer unit is arranged in the pressure shell unit. A plurality of heat exchange component units 3 are arranged in the flow guide buffer unit. The plurality of heat exchange component units 3 are arranged in series or in parallel. The heat exchange component unit 3 is used to heat the high-pressure carbon dioxide working medium in the pressure shell, thereby maintaining the temperature of the carbon dioxide working medium. By arranging a plurality of heat exchange component units 3, the temperature of the carbon dioxide working medium can be effectively increased. A plurality of hanging guide units are provided, and the flow guide buffer unit and the heat exchange component unit 3 are respectively connected to the pressure shell unit through the hanging guide units, and the hanging guide units are used to fix the heat exchange component unit 3 and the flow guide buffer unit inside the pressure shell unit, and the flow guide buffer unit constrains the flow direction of the high-pressure carbon dioxide inside the pressure shell unit. The pressure shell unit is provided with a carbon dioxide working fluid inlet 1-4, a carbon dioxide working fluid outlet 1-5, a warm current working fluid inlet 1-6, a warm current working fluid outlet 1-7 and a detection interface, and the warm current working fluid inlet 1-6 and the warm current working fluid outlet 1-7 are both connected to the heat exchange component unit 3.

[0029] The working principle of the present invention is as follows:

[0030] During the energy storage process, the low-pressure carbon dioxide working medium enters the pressure shell unit through the carbon dioxide working medium inlet 1-4, gathers toward the flow guide buffer unit and moves upward in the axial direction. When the pressure of the carbon dioxide working medium in the pressure shell unit reaches the target pressure, the carbon dioxide working medium inlet 1-4 is closed, and the energy storage is completed. During the energy release process, the warm current working medium inlet 1-6, the warm current working medium outlet 1-7 and the carbon dioxide working medium outlet 1-5 are opened, and the heat exchange component unit 3 starts to work. The carbon dioxide working medium passes through the heat exchange component unit 3 set in the flow guide buffer unit and heats the carbon dioxide working medium. The heated carbon dioxide working medium is discharged through the carbon dioxide working medium outlet 1-5.

[0031] The pressure shell unit includes an upper head 1-1, a cylinder 1-2, a support structure 1-3 and a lower head 1-11. The support structure 1-3 is arranged on the ground by anchor bolts to play a supporting and fixing role. The support structure 1-3 is a skirt-type support. The lower head 1-11, the cylinder 1-2 and the upper head 1-1 are arranged on the top of the support structure 1-3 in sequence. The support structure 1-3 is welded to the lower head 1-11. The inner wall of the cylinder 1-2 is provided with a plurality of hanging guide units. The guide buffer unit and the heat exchange component unit 3 are respectively connected to the cylinder 1-2 through the hanging guide unit. A carbon dioxide working medium inlet 1-4, a warm flow working medium inlet 1-6, a warm flow working medium outlet 1-7 and a measuring point interface 1-8 are arranged around the outer side of the cylinder 1-2. The warm flow working medium inlet 1-6 is located below the warm flow working medium outlet 1-7, and the carbon dioxide working medium inlet 1-4 is arranged at the lower part of the cylinder 1-2 to ensure that the carbon dioxide working medium is heated by the heat exchange component unit 3 during the release process.

[0032] The upper head 1-1 has a carbon dioxide working medium outlet 1-5, an overpressure relief port 1-9, a manhole and a detection interface at the top. When the device needs overpressure exhaust and pressure relief protection, the overpressure relief port 1-9 is opened for pressure relief. The manhole is a large-diameter flange port. When maintenance is required inside the device, maintenance personnel can drill into the equipment through the manhole for maintenance.

[0033] The supporting structure 1-3 is provided with an emptying interface 1-10, which penetrates the supporting structure 1-3 and is connected to the lowest point of the lower head 1-11. The emptying interface 1-10 is used to drain the liquid or other impurities that may exist inside the device. Since it is arranged on the supporting structure 1-3 and is inside the supporting structure 1-3, it needs to be led out through an elbow pipe to connect the emptying interface 1-10 with the outside world.

[0034] The flow guide buffer unit includes a flow guide sealing plate 2-1 and a flow guide tube 2-2. The flow guide tube 2-2 is hollow inside. The flow guide tube 2-2 is a long hollow tube with a polygonal or circular cross-section surrounded by steel plates. The top of the flow guide tube 2-2 is connected to one end of the flow guide sealing plate 2-1, and the other end of the flow guide sealing plate 2-1 is connected to the inner wall of the cylinder 1-2. The flow guide sealing plate 2-1 is a conical structure with a cavity surrounded by steel plates, with the large end of the cone on the top and the end face being circular. It is connected to the inside of the cylinder 1-2 in a fixed or detachable sealing manner. The large end of the flow guide sealing plate 2-1 is arranged near the carbon dioxide working medium outlet 1-5, and the small end of the cone of the flow guide sealing plate 2-1 is at the bottom, and the shape of the end face is the same as the shape of the top face of the flow guide tube 2-2 The guide tube 2-2 is connected to the top of the guide tube 2-2 in a fixed or detachable sealing manner. The guide sealing plate 2-1 ensures that the high-pressure carbon dioxide working medium must pass through the heat exchange component unit 3 before reaching the carbon dioxide working medium outlet 1-5, and the guide sealing plate 2-1 is set as a conical slope to avoid the existence of liquid accumulation. A plurality of heat exchange component units 3 are arranged in the guide tube 2-2. The guide tube 2-2 is connected to the cylinder 1-2 through a hanging guide unit. The cross-sectional size of the guide tube 2-2 is larger than the cross-sectional size of the heat exchange component 3 to avoid short circuit due to excessive gaps. The longitudinal length of the guide tube 2-2 is larger than the overall longitudinal length of the heat exchange component unit 3. The guide tube 2-2 needs to completely wrap the heat exchange component unit 3.

[0035] When the device is in the energy release condition, the carbon dioxide working medium located at the bottom of the pressure shell unit and between the pressure shell unit and the guide tube 2-2 enters the guide tube 2-2 along the opening at the bottom of the guide tube 2-2 and moves upward along the axis. The carbon dioxide working medium is heated by the heat exchange component unit 3 arranged in the guide tube 2-2, and then discharged from the carbon dioxide working medium outlet 1-5 at the top to enter the next working section.

[0036] The cross-sectional diameter of the guide tube 2-2 is larger than the cross-sectional diameter of the heat exchange component unit 3 and smaller than the cross-sectional diameter of the cylinder 1-2. The axial length of the guide tube 2-2 is larger than the axial length of the heat exchange component unit 3 and smaller than the axial length of the cylinder 1-2.

[0037] The heat exchange assembly unit 3 includes a distribution header 3-1, a convergence header 3-2, a special-shaped heat exchange tube bundle 3-3, an inlet pipe 3-4 and an outlet pipe 3-5. The special-shaped heat exchange tube bundle 3-3 is connected to the cylinder 1-2 through a hanging guide unit through a guide tube 2-2. There is at least one special-shaped heat exchange tube bundle 3-3. Multiple special-shaped heat exchange tube bundles 3-3 are arranged in series or in parallel. The special-shaped heat exchange tube bundle 3-3 is a serpentine tube that is folded back and forth in the vertical direction. The special-shaped heat exchange tube bundle 3-3 uses a light tube or a fin tube or other enhanced heat transfer tube type. The input end of the special-shaped heat exchange tube bundle 3-3 is connected to the distribution header 3-1 and the inlet pipe 3-4 in sequence. The inlet pipe 3-4 is connected to the warm fluid inlet 1-6. The output end 3-3 is connected to the converging manifold 3-2 and the lead-out pipe 3-5 in sequence. The distribution manifold 3-1 and the converging manifold 3-2 are provided with multiple rows of holes, which are connected to multiple rows of special-shaped heat exchange tube bundles 3-3. The warm fluid enters the distribution manifold 3-1 from the warm fluid inlet 1-6 and the introduction pipe 3-4. The distribution manifold 3-1 distributes the warm fluid to the special-shaped heat exchange tube bundle 3-3 for heat exchange, and then collects it to the converging manifold 3-2 and flows out from the lead-out pipe 3-5. The distribution manifold 3-1 and the converging manifold 3-2 can ensure the uniform distribution of the warm fluid, and also facilitate the introduction and lead-out of the warm fluid as a whole. The lead-out pipe 3-5 is connected to the warm fluid outlet 1-7. The introduction pipe 3-4 and the lead-out pipe 3-5 are spiral, "J"-shaped or bent.

[0038] A drain pipe 3-6 is provided in parallel at the distribution header 3-1, and the drain pipe 3-6 is used to drain the accumulated water inside the distribution header 3-1 and the gathering header 3-2 when the equipment is shut down.

[0039] The hanging guide unit includes a special-shaped heat exchange tube bundle hanger 4-1 and a guide buffer unit hanger 4-2. The special-shaped heat exchange tube bundle hanger 4-1 is used to fix the special-shaped heat exchange tube bundle 3-3, and the guide buffer unit hanger 4-2 is used to fix the guide buffer unit to the inner wall of the cylinder 1-2. The two ends of the special-shaped heat exchange tube bundle hanger 4-1 are arranged on the inner wall of the cylinder 2-2 and connected, and the middle passes through the guide tube 2-2. The special-shaped heat exchange tube bundle 3-3 is hung on the special-shaped heat exchange tube bundle hanger 4-1, and one end of the guide buffer unit hanger 4-2 is connected to the guide tube 2-2, and the other end is connected to the inner wall of the cylinder 1-2.

[0040] A method for using a supercritical carbon dioxide energy storage device comprises the following steps:

[0041] S1: Energy storage condition, that is, in the low electricity consumption stage, the energy storage stage of the device is turned on, the carbon dioxide working medium inlet 1-4 is opened, and the low-pressure carbon dioxide working medium is compressed into the cylinder 1-2 step by step, that is, carbon dioxide is filled into the cylinder 1-2. As the amount of carbon dioxide working medium filled increases, the pressure in the pressure shell unit increases until the pressure in the cylinder 1-2 reaches the target pressure, completing the conversion process from electrical energy to potential energy;

[0042] S2: Energy release condition, that is, during the peak period of electricity consumption, the energy release stage of the device is turned on, the carbon dioxide working medium outlet 1-5 and the warm current working medium inlet 1-7 are opened, and the carbon dioxide working medium in the cylinder 1-2 begins to be released. During the release process, the carbon dioxide needs to be heated by the heat exchange component unit 3 and then released through the carbon dioxide working medium outlet 1-5, thereby driving the external device to do work to generate electricity and completing the conversion of energy release into electrical energy.

[0043] The embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are only used to help illustrate the present invention. The embodiments do not describe all the details in detail, nor do they limit the invention to the specific implementation methods described. According to the content of this specification, many modifications and changes can be made. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments in order to better explain the principles and practical applications of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art can understand and use the present invention well.

Claims

1. A supercritical carbon dioxide energy storage device, characterized in that: It comprises a pressure-bearing shell unit, a flow guiding buffer unit, a heat exchange component unit (3) and a hanging guide unit. The flow guiding buffer unit is arranged in the pressure-bearing shell unit. A plurality of heat exchange component units (3) are arranged in the flow guiding buffer unit. The plurality of heat exchange component units (3) are arranged in series or in parallel. A plurality of hanging guide units are arranged in the pressure-bearing shell unit. The flow guiding buffer unit and the heat exchange component unit (3) are respectively connected to the pressure-bearing shell unit through the hanging guide unit. A carbon dioxide working medium inlet (1-4), a carbon dioxide working medium outlet (1-5), a warm fluid working medium inlet (1-6), a warm fluid working medium outlet (1-7) and a detection interface are arranged on the pressure-bearing shell unit. The warm fluid working medium inlet (1-6) and the warm fluid working medium outlet (1-7) are both connected to the heat exchange component unit (3).

2. A supercritical carbon dioxide energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure-bearing shell unit comprises an upper head (1-1), a cylinder (1-2), a support structure (1-3) and a lower head (1-11); the support structure (1-3) is arranged on the ground; the lower head (1-11), the cylinder (1-2) and the upper head (1-1) are arranged in sequence on the top of the support structure (1-3); a plurality of hanging guide units are arranged on the inner wall of the cylinder (1-2); the flow guide buffer unit and the heat exchange component unit (3) are respectively connected to the cylinder (1-2) through the hanging guide units; a carbon dioxide working medium inlet (1-4), a warm fluid working medium inlet (1-6), a warm fluid working medium outlet (1-7) and a measuring point interface (1-8) are arranged around the outer side of the cylinder (1-2); the warm fluid working medium inlet (1-6) is located below the warm fluid working medium outlet (1-7); and the carbon dioxide working medium inlet (1-4) is arranged at the lower part of the cylinder (1-2).

3. A supercritical carbon dioxide energy storage device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top of the upper head (1-1) comprises a carbon dioxide working medium outlet (1-5), an overpressure relief port (1-9), a manhole and a detection interface.

4. A supercritical carbon dioxide energy storage device according to claim 2, characterized in that: An emptying interface (1-10) is provided on the supporting structure (1-3), and the emptying interface (1-10) penetrates the supporting structure (1-3) and is connected to the lower head (1-11).

5. A supercritical carbon dioxide energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flow guide buffer unit comprises a flow guide sealing plate (2-1) and a flow guide tube (2-2); the flow guide tube (2-2) is hollow inside; the top of the flow guide tube (2-2) is connected to one end of the flow guide sealing plate (2-1) around one circumference; the other end of the flow guide sealing plate (2-1) is connected to the inner wall of the cylinder (1-2); the flow guide sealing plate (2-1) is arranged near a carbon dioxide working medium outlet (1-5); a plurality of heat exchange component units (3) are arranged in the flow guide tube (2-2); and the flow guide tube (2-2) is connected to the cylinder (1-2) via a hanging guide unit.

6. A supercritical carbon dioxide energy storage device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The cross-sectional diameter of the guide tube (2-2) is greater than the cross-sectional diameter of the heat exchange component unit (3) and smaller than the cross-sectional diameter of the cylinder (1-2); the axial length of the guide tube (2-2) is greater than the axial length of the heat exchange component unit (3) and smaller than the axial length of the cylinder (1-2).

7. A supercritical carbon dioxide energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat exchange assembly unit (3) comprises a distribution header (3-1), a convergence header (3-2), a special-shaped heat exchange tube bundle (3-3), an inlet pipe (3-4) and an outlet pipe (3-5); the special-shaped heat exchange tube bundle (3-3) is connected to the cylinder (1-2) through a hanging guide unit and a guide tube (2-2); the input end of the special-shaped heat exchange tube bundle (3-3) is connected to the distribution header (3-1) and the inlet pipe (3-4) in sequence; the inlet pipe (3-4) is connected to a warm fluid inlet (1-6); the output end of the special-shaped heat exchange tube bundle (3-3) is connected to the convergence header (3-2) and the outlet pipe (3-5) in sequence; the outlet pipe (3-5) is connected to a warm fluid outlet (1-7).

8. A supercritical carbon dioxide energy storage device according to claim 7, characterized in that: A drain pipe (3-6) is arranged in parallel at the distribution header (3-1).

9. A supercritical carbon dioxide energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hanging guide unit comprises a special-shaped heat exchange tube bundle hanging (4-1) and a flow guide buffer unit hanging (4-2); the two ends of the special-shaped heat exchange tube bundle hanging (4-1) are arranged on the inner wall of the cylinder (2-2) and connected, and the middle passes through the flow guide cylinder (2-2); the special-shaped heat exchange tube bundle (3-3) is hung on the special-shaped heat exchange tube bundle hanging (4-1); one end of the flow guide buffer unit hanging (4-2) is connected to the flow guide cylinder (2-2), and the other end is connected to the inner wall of the cylinder (1-2).

10. A method for using the supercritical carbon dioxide energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Energy storage condition, opening the carbon dioxide working medium inlet (1-4) and filling the cylinder (1-2) with carbon dioxide until the pressure in the cylinder (1-2) reaches the target pressure; S2: Energy release condition, the carbon dioxide working medium outlet (1-5) and the warm fluid working medium inlet (1-7) are opened, and the carbon dioxide is heated by the heat exchange component unit (3) and then released through the carbon dioxide working medium outlet (1-5).

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