Working medium cooling piston compressor and compressor system thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of compressors, in particular to a working medium cooling piston compressor and a compressor system of the working medium cooling piston compressor. The air cylinder body and the air cylinder cover are provided with air inlet-cooling integrated channels which are matched with each other and used for cooling the side faces and the top face of the air cylinder body through uncompressed working media in the air inlet process of the compressor. According to the compressor, the air cylinder of the compressor can be effectively cooled on the premise that the system complexity is not greatly increased, so that the temperature of the air cylinder is reduced, and the efficiency and the reliability of the compressor are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of compressors, and in particular to a working fluid cooling piston compressor and a compressor system thereof. Background Art

[0002] The compressor is an important component of the refrigeration and heat pump system. The performance of the compressor directly affects the efficiency and power consumption of the system. The piston compressor is a typical reciprocating positive displacement compressor. Due to its structural characteristics, the piston compressor plays an irreplaceable role in specific application scenarios, especially in high-pressure and heavy-load gas compression scenarios.

[0003] In high-pressure, heavy-load gas compression, the compression of the working gas will generate a lot of heat. High-pressure, heavy-load piston compressors will generate a lot of heat in the process of working gas compression, and as the pressure and compression ratio increase, the heat generation rate will increase rapidly. As the compression process continues, the accumulated heat will cause high temperature. If the heat is not taken away in time, the high temperature generated will cause the cylinder to overheat, which will not only reduce the compression efficiency but also affect the reliability of the compressor operation, and even directly cause damage to the compressor. Therefore, when the compressor is running, the cylinder body, especially the cylinder top, must be cooled to quickly remove the heat by cooling the working fluid to maintain the stability of the cylinder body temperature.

[0004] The common cooling methods for piston compressors are mainly the following: Water cooling: Cooling water is supplied externally, and the water flow is circulated into the cooler near the piston cylinder. The cooling water takes away the heat, thereby reducing the cylinder temperature. This method has a good cooling effect and is suitable for large piston compressors, but it requires the installation of cooling water pipes and water inlets and outlets, which increases the complexity of the structure. In addition, the system needs to add cooling water in a timely manner, which increases the difficulty and cost of maintenance; Air cooling: A heat sink or fan is installed near the cylinder to use external airflow to remove heat and reduce the cylinder temperature. This cooling method does not require an additional cooling water circulation system and has the advantages of low cost and convenient maintenance. However, this method has poor cooling effect and is rarely used in high-power compressors.

[0005] Oil cooling: The heat generated by the flow of lubricating oil inside the compressor is removed to reduce the cylinder temperature. This cooling method combines cooling and lubrication functions, reducing structural complexity and maintenance difficulty, but increases the heat load of the lubricating oil. The resulting high oil temperature puts higher requirements on the selection of lubricating oil. Summary of the invention

[0006] An object of the present invention is to provide a working fluid cooled piston compressor and a compressor system thereof, which helps to effectively cool the compressor cylinder without significantly increasing the complexity of the system.

[0007] The technical solution of the present invention is: a working fluid cooled piston compressor, comprising a cylinder body arranged on a compressor housing, a cylinder head installed on the top of the cylinder body, and the cylinder body and the cylinder head are provided with an integrated intake-cooling channel that cooperates to use uncompressed working fluid to cool the side and top surfaces of the cylinder body during the compressor intake process.

[0008] Furthermore, the integrated air intake-cooling channel includes a cylinder body working fluid flow channel arranged in the cylinder body and located on the periphery of the compression chamber, and the cylinder head is provided with a cylinder head working fluid flow channel connected to the cylinder body working fluid flow channel, and the cylinder head working fluid flow channel is connected to the air inlet of the compression chamber in the cylinder body.

[0009] Furthermore, a working medium inlet connected to a working medium flow channel of the cylinder body is provided on the lower side wall of the cylinder body, and the working medium inlet is connected to an intake pipe installed on the cylinder body.

[0010] Furthermore, the integrated intake-cooling passage is connected to the compression chamber in the cylinder body via an intake port provided on the cylinder head and having an intake valve plate, and an exhaust port provided on the cylinder head and having an exhaust valve plate.

[0011] Furthermore, the air inlet is annular, the exhaust port is arranged on the inner side of the air inlet, and the cross-sectional center of the exhaust port coincides with the cross-sectional center of the air inlet; the air inlet valve plate is arranged on the lower side of the inlet air, and the exhaust valve plate is arranged on the top surface of the exhaust port.

[0012] Furthermore, the intake valve plate includes an annular sealing portion, and fixing portions are provided on both sides of the annular sealing portion. The fixing portions are provided with positioning holes and are mounted on the top surface of the compression chamber of the cylinder body via positioning pins.

[0013] Furthermore, a piston is arranged in the cylinder body and is driven by a driving motor installed in the compressor housing via a crankshaft to achieve reciprocating linear motion in the compression chamber.

[0014] Furthermore, the drive motor is connected to the crankshaft via a coupling, the crankshaft is rotatably connected to the piston via a piston pin, a cylinder sleeve matching the piston is arranged in the cylinder body, and a yield structure of the intake valve plate is arranged on the top of the cylinder sleeve.

[0015] Furthermore, a coolant channel is provided in the cylinder head, a coolant inlet connected to the coolant channel is provided at one side end of the cylinder head, and a coolant outlet is provided at the other side of the cylinder head; or a cylinder head cooling fin is provided at the top of the cylinder head.

[0016] A compressor system comprises the above-mentioned working fluid cooling piston compressor.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: The air intake structure of the compressor includes an air intake-cooling integrated channel structure. During the air intake process of the compressor, the uncompressed working fluid flows through the side and top surface of the cylinder, taking away the heat generated by the cylinder when the compressor is running, so that the uncompressed working fluid gas is used to cool the cylinder and reduce the cylinder temperature. Since there is no need to set up an additional circulating cooling system for the cylinder, while simplifying the structure and reducing costs, it also reduces the complexity and cost of operation and maintenance, and improves system reliability.

[0018] In addition, the compressor of the present invention comprises: an integrated intake-cooling-exhaust cylinder head for achieving intake, exhaust and heat dissipation of the cylinder top surface, a coaxial intake-exhaust structure for achieving intake and exhaust isolation and rapid discharge of compressed gas, and a circular annular intake valve plate for closing the circular annular air inlet. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 A front cross-sectional view of a working medium cooling piston compressor according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 A front cross-sectional view of a working medium cooling piston compressor according to another embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a front cross-sectional view of a working medium cooling piston compressor according to a third embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 1 AA section view; Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 1 BB cross-sectional view; Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 1 CC section view; Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 1 DD cross-sectional view; Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 1 EE cross-sectional view; Fig. 9 A three-dimensional view of a single cylinder of the present invention; Fig.10 For the present invention Fig. 9 FF cross-sectional view; Fig.11 For the present invention Fig. 9 GG cross-sectional view; Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the air intake valve plate of the present invention; Fig.13 A cross-sectional view showing the installation relationship between the intake valve plate and the cylinder liner of the present invention; Fig.14The figure is a gas flow diagram at the start of inhalation of the present invention; Fig.15 A diagram showing the gas flow during the inhalation process of the present invention; Fig.16 A diagram showing the gas flow during compression according to the present invention; Fig.17 A diagram showing the gas flow in the exhaust state of the present invention; In the figure: 10-compressor body; 101-crankshaft; 102-connecting rod; 103-piston; 104-piston pin; 105-cylinder liner; 106-cylinder body; 107-intake-cooling integrated channel; 108-cylinder head; 109 exhaust pipe; 110-coaxial intake-exhaust structure; 111-exhaust valve plate; 112-intake valve plate; 113-working medium flow channel of cylinder body; 114-working medium flow channel of cylinder head; 115-intake port; 116-exhaust port; 117-coolant inlet; 118-coolant channel; 119-coolant outlet; 120-cylinder head flow channel vertical support structure; 121-working medium inlet; 122-compression chamber; 123-intake valve plate gives way Structure; 124-positioning pin; 125-intake pipe; 127-heat sink; 128-vertical working fluid flow channel of cylinder head; 129-horizontal working fluid flow channel of cylinder head; 130-horizontal support structure of cylinder head flow channel; 131-inner contour of annular sealing part; 132-outer contour of annular sealing part; 133-positioning hole; 134-annular sealing part; 135-fixing part; 20-driving motor; 201-coupling; 30-compressor housing. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In order to make the above features and advantages of the present invention more easily understood, embodiments are given below with reference to the accompanying drawings for detailed description, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0021] refer to Figures 1 to 17 A working fluid cooling piston compressor includes a compressor body 10, a drive motor 20 and a compressor housing 30, and specifically includes a cylinder block 106 disposed on the compressor housing 30, and a cylinder head 108 is installed on the top of the cylinder block 106, and the cylinder head 108 integrates intake, cooling and exhaust. The cylinder block 106 and the cylinder head 108 are provided with an intake-cooling integrated channel 107 for using uncompressed working fluid to cool the side and top surface of the cylinder block during the compressor intake process. During the compressor intake process, the uncompressed working fluid gas also plays the role of the compressor's cooling working fluid.

[0022] In this embodiment, the air intake-cooling integrated channel 107 includes a cylinder block working medium flow channel 113 embedded in the cylinder block 106 and located on the periphery of the compression chamber 122 (the cylinder block working medium flow channel 113 surrounds the cylinder side), and the cylinder head 108 is provided with a cylinder head working medium flow channel 114 connected to the cylinder block working medium flow channel 108, and the cylinder head working medium flow channel 114 is connected to the air inlet 115 of the compression chamber 122 in the cylinder block 106, and the cylinder head working medium flow channel 114 is located on the top surface of the cylinder. The cylinder block working medium flow channel 113 flows through the side surfaces of each cylinder, and the working medium gas in the flow channel flows axially and axially from bottom to top, and the heat generated by the side surfaces of the cylinders is taken away by the flow of the working medium; the cylinder head working medium flow channel 114 flows through the top surfaces of each cylinder, and the heat generated by the top surfaces of the cylinders is taken away by the flow of the working medium.

[0023] In this embodiment, the cylinder head working medium flow channel 114 includes a plurality of cylinder head vertical working medium flow channels 128 and a cylinder head horizontal working medium flow channel 129 which are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction and are connected to the cylinder body working medium flow channel 113. The cylinder head vertical working medium flow channel 128 is used to guide the air flow to flow vertically from the cylinder body working medium flow channel 113 into the cylinder head horizontal working medium flow channel 129. The cylinder head horizontal working medium flow channel 129 is used for the working medium gas to flow horizontally in the cylinder head, and the working medium gas takes away the heat generated by the cylinder top surface during the process of flowing horizontally in the flow channel to the air inlet 115.

[0024] In this embodiment, the working fluid flow channel 114 of the cylinder head also includes a cylinder head flow channel vertical support structure 120 and a cylinder head flow channel horizontal support structure 130, which are used to ensure the strength of the flow channel and ensure that the flow channel does not suffer abnormal deformation and structural failure due to loads such as high pressure, high temperature, and vibration.

[0025] In this embodiment, a working medium inlet 121 connected to the cylinder working medium flow channel 113 is provided on the lower side wall of the cylinder body 106, and the working medium inlet 121 is connected to an intake pipe 125 installed on the cylinder body 106. The working medium gas flowing through the intake pipe 125 is sucked into each cylinder through the cylinder working medium inlet 121, enters the cylinder working medium flow channel 113 of each cylinder, and participates in the subsequent intake, compression, and exhaust processes.

[0026] In this embodiment, the air intake-cooling integrated channel 107 is connected to the compression chamber 122 in the cylinder body 106 via an air intake port 115 provided on the cylinder head 108 and having an air intake valve plate 112. The cylinder head 108 is provided with an exhaust port 116 having an exhaust valve plate 111. An exhaust pipe 109 connected to the exhaust port is installed on the cylinder head.

[0027] In this embodiment, the air inlet 115 is annular, the exhaust port 116 is circular and arranged inside the air inlet 115, and the cross-sectional center of the exhaust port 116 coincides with the cross-sectional center of the air inlet 116 to form a coaxial structure. The cross-sectional area of ​​the exhaust port 116 is a centrally symmetrical figure, and the cross-sectional center is on the symmetry axis of the coaxial structure; the cross-sectional area of ​​the air inlet 115 is a centrally symmetrical annular figure, and the inner circle size of the cross-sectional area is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the exhaust port 115, and the cross-sectional center is on the symmetry axis of the coaxial structure. The exhaust port 116 directly passes through the cylinder head to quickly discharge the compressed high-temperature and high-pressure working fluid gas, thereby reducing the heat exchange area between the compressed gas and the cylinder head 108 and the uncompressed working fluid gas.

[0028] In this embodiment, the bottom surfaces of the air inlet 115 and the exhaust port 116 are both the lower surface of the cylinder head 108, that is, the top surface of the compression chamber 122. The exhaust port 116 passes through the cylinder head 108, and the top surface of the exhaust port 116 is the top surface of the cylinder head 108. The top surface of the air inlet 115 is the top surface of the horizontal working medium flow channel 129 of the cylinder head.

[0029] In this embodiment, the intake valve plate 112 is disposed on the lower side of the inlet port 115, and the exhaust valve plate 111 is disposed on the top surface of the exhaust port 116, which facilitates the intake, exhaust and compression of gas.

[0030] In this embodiment, the intake valve plate 112 coincides with the center of the intake port 115 and the exhaust port 116. The intake valve plate 112 includes an annular sealing portion 134. Fixing portions 135 are provided on both sides of the annular sealing portion 134. The fixing portions 135 are provided with positioning holes 133 and are installed on the top surface of the compression chamber of the cylinder block 106 (i.e., the top surface of the cylinder liner) through positioning pins 124, thereby limiting the horizontal movement of the intake valve plate 112 and limiting the intake valve plate 112 to a specific position in the cylinder.

[0031] In this embodiment, the outer contour size of the annular sealing portion 134 is larger than the outer boundary size of the air inlet 115, and the inner contour size of the annular sealing portion 134 is smaller than the inner boundary size of the air inlet 115, so that the air inlet valve plate 112 can completely cover the air inlet 115, and prevent the working fluid gas from flowing out of the air inlet 115 during the movement of the piston from the bottom dead center to the top dead center in a specific cylinder. The inner contour size of the annular sealing portion 134 is larger than the size of the exhaust port 116, so that the air inlet valve plate 112 does not hinder the working fluid gas from being discharged through the exhaust port 116.

[0032] In this embodiment, a piston 103 is disposed in the cylinder body 106 and is driven by a drive motor 20 installed in the compressor housing 30 via a crankshaft 101 to achieve reciprocating linear motion in the compression chamber 122 .

[0033] In this embodiment, the output shaft of the drive motor 20 is connected to the crankshaft 101 via a coupling 201, and the crankshaft 101 is rotatably connected to the piston 103 via a piston pin 104. A cylinder sleeve 105 matching the piston 103 is arranged in the cylinder body 106, and a yield structure of the intake valve plate 112 is arranged on the top of the cylinder sleeve 105. The top surface of the intake valve plate 112 does not protrude from the top surface of the cylinder sleeve 105, and can move within a certain range in the height direction. During the compression and exhaust process, the intake valve plate 112 moves to the top, at which time the intake valve plate 112 is in contact with the bottom surface of the coaxial intake-exhaust structure 110, thereby achieving the sealing of the intake port 115; during the intake process, the intake valve plate 112 moves to the bottom, at which time the top surface of the intake valve plate 112 leaves the bottom surface of the coaxial intake-exhaust structure 110, and a gap is formed between the intake port 115 and the intake valve plate 112, and the working fluid gas enters the compression chamber 122 through the gap.

[0034] In this embodiment, the compression chamber 122 is surrounded by the inner surface of the cylinder liner 105 , the upper surface of the piston 103 , and the lower surface of the cylinder head 108 .

[0035] In this embodiment, two sets of cylinders may be arranged in the cylinder block 106 and the cylinder head 108, namely, two sets of matching pistons 103, cylinder sleeves 105, air intake-cooling integrated channels 107, etc.

[0036] Working principle: The overall flow direction of the working gas is shown in Fig. 9 The working gas is sucked into each cylinder through the intake pipe 125 via the cylinder working gas inlet 121, and the working gas entering the cylinder enters the intake-cooling integrated channel 107. The sucked working gas first flows into the cylinder body working gas flow channel 113 included in the intake-cooling integrated channel 107, and the working gas in the cylinder body working gas flow channel 113 flows axially and axially at the same time and gradually rises to the top of the cylinder body working gas flow channel 113, so as to remove a large amount of heat generated by the compression of the working gas in the cylinder from the side of the cylinder, and realize the cooling of the side of the cylinder.

[0037] After the working medium gas flows through the cylinder body working medium flow channel 113 , it enters the cylinder head working medium flow channel 114 included in the intake-cooling integrated channel 107 through the sealed channel between the cylinder head 108 and the cylinder body 106 .

[0038] The working gas flows radially in the working fluid flow channel 114 of the cylinder head and gradually converges to the air inlet 115 area included in the coaxial intake-exhaust structure 110. After the air inlet 115 is opened, the working gas enters the compression chamber 122 through the gap between the air inlet 115 and the intake valve plate 112. After being compressed to a specified pressure in the compression chamber 122, the working gas enters the exhaust port 116 through the gap between the exhaust port 116 and the exhaust valve plate 111, and is discharged to the exhaust pipe 109 through the exhaust port 116. Finally, the compressed gas is discharged from the compressor body 10 through the exhaust pipe 109. While the working gas flows in the working fluid flow channel 114 of the cylinder head, it takes away a large amount of heat generated by the compression of the working gas in the cylinder from the top surface of the cylinder, thereby cooling the top surface of the cylinder.

[0039] At the start of the inhalation, the inlet valve plate 112 is in close contact with the inlet port 115, and the working fluid gas is stationary and concentrated near the inlet port 115. Fig.14 When the piston 103 moves from the top dead center to the bottom dead center and the cylinder is in the suction state, the exhaust valve plate 111 is tightly fitted with the exhaust port 116, the intake valve plate 112 is separated from the intake port 115, and the inhaled working fluid enters the compression chamber 122 through the gap between the intake valve plate 112 and the intake port 115. Fig.15 .

[0040] When the piston 103 moves from the bottom dead center to the top dead center, the exhaust valve plate 111 fits tightly against the exhaust port 116, the intake valve plate 112 fits tightly against the intake port 115, the compression chamber 122 becomes a sealed space, and the cylinder enters a compression state. As the piston 103 moves toward the top dead center, the volume of the compression chamber 122 decreases, and the working gas is continuously compressed by the piston 103. As the compression progresses, the pressure and temperature of the working gas increase. Fig.16 .

[0041] When the working gas pressure reaches the rated value, the exhaust valve plate 111 and the exhaust port 116 are separated, and the cylinder enters the exhaust state. The compressed working gas leaves the compression chamber 122 from the gap between the exhaust valve plate 111 and the exhaust port 116, and enters the exhaust pipe 109 through the exhaust port 116. The compressed working gas from different cylinders is collected through the exhaust pipe 109 and discharged from the compressor. Fig.17 As the piston 103 continues to move upward to the top dead center position, the gas in the compression chamber 122 is completely exhausted, and the cylinder enters the next working cycle.

[0042] In another embodiment, a coolant channel 118 is provided in the cylinder head 108, a coolant inlet 117 connected to the coolant channel 118 is provided on one side of the cylinder head 108, and a coolant outlet 119 is provided on the other side of the cylinder head 108, thereby forming a liquid cooling system. The coolant introduced from the outside flows into the coolant channel 118 from the coolant inlet 117 and enters the cylinder head 108. The coolant takes away a large amount of heat generated by gas compression during the flow in the coolant channel 118, thereby reducing the temperature of the cylinder head 108. Thereby, the temperature of the working gas entering the compression chamber 122 is reduced, and the volumetric efficiency of the compressor is improved; finally, the coolant with increased temperature is discharged from the compressor body 10 from the coolant outlet 119. See Figure 2 .

[0043] In another embodiment, a cylinder head cooling fin 127 may be provided on the top of the cylinder head 108. The cylinder cooling fin 127 is a sheet-like protruding structure on the upper surface of the cylinder head 108, which greatly increases the upper surface area of ​​the cylinder head 108, thereby removing the heat generated by gas compression through external gas convection heat dissipation, allowing the cylinder head 108 to maintain a suitable temperature. Figure 3 . A compressor system comprises the above-mentioned working fluid cooling piston compressor.

[0044] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, according to the teachings of the present invention, designing different forms of working fluid cooling piston compressors does not require creative labor. Without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, all equal changes, modifications, substitutions and variations made within the scope of the patent application of the present invention should fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A working fluid cooling piston compressor, comprising a cylinder block arranged on a compressor housing, characterized in that: A cylinder head is installed on the top of the cylinder block, and the cylinder block and the cylinder head are provided with an integrated intake-cooling channel for matching and cooling the side and top surfaces of the cylinder block using uncompressed working fluid during the compressor intake process.

2. A working fluid cooling piston compressor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The integrated air intake-cooling channel includes a cylinder body working fluid flow channel arranged in the cylinder body and located on the periphery of the compression chamber. The cylinder head is provided with a cylinder head working fluid flow channel connected to the cylinder body working fluid flow channel. The cylinder head working fluid flow channel is connected to the air inlet of the compression chamber in the cylinder body.

3. A working fluid cooling piston compressor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lower side wall of the cylinder body is provided with a working medium inlet which is connected with the working medium flow passage of the cylinder body, and the working medium inlet is connected with an intake pipe installed on the cylinder body.

4. A working fluid cooled piston compressor according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: The air intake-cooling integrated channel is communicated with the compression chamber in the cylinder body through an air intake port provided on the cylinder head and having an air intake valve sheet, and an exhaust port provided on the cylinder head and having an exhaust valve sheet.

5. A working fluid cooling piston compressor according to claim 4, characterized in that: The air inlet is annular, the exhaust port is arranged inside the air inlet, and the cross-sectional center of the exhaust port coincides with the cross-sectional center of the air inlet; the air inlet valve plate is arranged on the lower side of the inlet air, and the exhaust valve plate is arranged on the top surface of the exhaust port.

6. A working fluid cooling piston compressor according to claim 4, characterized in that: The intake valve plate comprises an annular sealing portion, and fixing portions are arranged on both sides of the annular sealing portion. The fixing portions are arranged with positioning holes and are mounted on the top surface of the compression chamber of the cylinder body via positioning pins.

7. A working fluid cooling piston compressor according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cylinder body is provided with a piston which is driven by a driving motor installed in the compressor housing via a crankshaft to realize reciprocating linear motion in the compression chamber.

8. A working fluid cooling piston compressor according to claim 7, characterized in that: The driving motor is connected to the crankshaft via a coupling, the crankshaft is rotatably connected to the piston via a piston pin, a cylinder sleeve matched with the piston is arranged in the cylinder body, and a yield structure of the intake valve plate is arranged on the top of the cylinder sleeve.

9. The working fluid cooling piston compressor according to claim 1, characterized in that: A coolant channel is arranged in the cylinder head, a coolant inlet connected to the coolant channel is arranged at one side end of the cylinder head, and a coolant outlet is arranged at the other side of the cylinder head; or a cylinder head cooling fin is arranged at the top of the cylinder head.

10. A compressor system, characterized in that: A working fluid cooled piston compressor comprising any one of claims 1 to 9.

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