Layered water ecological sampling detection equipment for lakes and reservoirs

Abstract

The layered water ecology sampling and detecting equipment comprises a movable frame installed on a ship body, a rotatable cantilever is installed on the movable frame, the bottom of the end, extending out of the ship body, of the cantilever is connected with a sampling box through a pull rope, and a heavy anchor is fixed to the bottom of the sampling box; the sampling box falls into the lake and reservoir under the gravity of the heavy anchor to collect a water sample. The sealing plug is pushed to move upwards by utilizing buoyancy of water bodies with different depths, and a water sample needing to be collected is automatically loaded into the upper sampling box or the middle sampling box or the lower sampling box, so that structural equipment is simplified, the manufacturing cost of the device is saved, and the use cost of the device is reduced; the piston head is used for isolating a collected water sample so as to prevent the annular electromagnet, the electromagnet and the touch switch in the telescopic rod from being damaged due to damp, the sampling port can be automatically opened and automatically blocked in the water taking process, the structural design is ingenious, manual operation steps can be reduced, and the operation difficulty of the water taking device is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of water quality detection and sampling, and in particular to a layered water ecological sampling and detection device for lakes and reservoirs. Background Art

[0002] Lakes and reservoirs are a general term for lakes and reservoirs. Both are important water resources with ecological, economic and social functions. They are mainly used to provide domestic water for cities and rural areas; to support farmland irrigation and ensure food production; and to provide water for industrial production. In addition, the water resources in lakes and reservoirs can also provide habitats for fish, birds, plants, etc., can regulate local climate through evaporation and transpiration, and can purify water through natural precipitation, biodegradation and other processes. It can be seen that lakes and reservoirs play a huge role in water resource supply and ecological functions. In other words, once there is a problem with the water quality of lakes and reservoirs, it will also have a profound impact on the ecosystem, human health, economic development and social life.

[0003] In order to timely understand the changes in lake and reservoir water quality, environmental protection departments currently often use equipment such as that shown in publication number CN118168859B to collect water samples. This type of equipment uses a heavy object to drop the sampling box into the water body for water sampling. However, this type of equipment requires the use of power equipment such as pumps to pump water samples into the sampling box. The provision of a pump will increase manufacturing costs on the one hand, and on the other hand, because the pump also needs to follow the sampling box into the water body, there is a risk of water ingress during the use of the pump, which increases the cost of using the equipment. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a stratified water ecological sampling and detection equipment for lakes and reservoirs, so as to solve the problems of high manufacturing cost and high use cost of water sample collection equipment in the prior art.

[0005] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A layered water ecological sampling and detection device for lakes and reservoirs, comprising a movable frame installed on a hull, a rotatable cantilever installed on the movable frame, a sampling box connected to the bottom of one end of the cantilever extending out of the hull through a pull rope, a heavy anchor fixed to the bottom of the sampling box, and the sampling box falls into the lake or reservoir under the gravity of the heavy anchor to collect water samples;

[0007] The sampling box includes an upper sampling box, a middle sampling box and a lower sampling box which are distributed in sequence from top to bottom. The bottom of the upper sampling box, the bottom of the middle sampling box and the bottom of the lower sampling box are each provided with a sampling port for allowing lake water to enter. A sealing plug is plugged inside each sampling port. The upper sampling box, the middle sampling box and the lower sampling box are each provided with a piston head. The bottom of the piston head is fixed to the top of the sealing plug. After the sealing plug moves to the bottom of the lake, the buoyancy of the water body pushes the sealing plug and the piston head up to automatically collect water samples into the upper sampling box, the middle sampling box and the lower sampling box.

[0008] Furthermore, a telescopic rod for fixing the position of the piston head is provided in the middle of the top of the piston head, the telescopic rod comprises a moving rod fixed on the top of the piston head, a circular plate is fixed on the top of the moving rod, a hollow rod is sleeved on the outside of the circular plate, the tops of the three hollow rods are respectively fixed to the top of the interior of the upper sampling box, the top of the interior of the middle sampling box and the top of the interior of the lower sampling box, the moving rod passes through the bottom of the hollow rod, the inner wall of the bottom of the hollow rod is inlaid with an annular electromagnet, the annular electromagnet adsorbs the circular plate after being energized, and is used to fix the position of the moving rod, so as to limit the three piston heads to the bottom of the interior of the upper sampling box, the bottom of the middle sampling box and the bottom of the lower sampling box respectively;

[0009] Electromagnets are fixed to the top of the upper sampling box, the top of the middle sampling box and the top of the lower sampling box. When energized, the electromagnets adsorb the circular plate to fix the three piston heads in the middle of the upper sampling box, the middle of the middle sampling box and the middle of the lower sampling box respectively.

[0010] Furthermore, an annular plate is fixed to the outer wall of the bottom end of the hollow rod, and a touch switch for controlling the power supply to the electromagnet is embedded on the rear side of the annular plate. After the piston head moves up, it contacts the bottom of the annular plate and presses the touch switch to control the power supply to the electromagnet.

[0011] Furthermore, a plurality of springs are fixed to the top of the piston head, and the springs are compressed when the piston head moves upward.

[0012] Furthermore, the sealing plug includes an upper plug, the top of the upper plug is fixed to the bottom of the piston head, a vertical rod is fixed in the middle of the bottom end of the upper plug, and a lower plug is fixed at the bottom end of the vertical rod. After the piston head moves up, it drives the lower plug to be inserted into the sampling port, so as to automatically seal the sampling port after the water sample is collected.

[0013] Furthermore, one side of the upper sampling box, one side of the middle sampling box and one side of the lower sampling box are all fixedly connected with a curved pipe, and a pipe cap is threadedly connected to the top of the curved pipe.

[0014] Furthermore, the movable frame includes a base located on the hull deck, two columns distributed side by side are fixed on one side of the top of the base, a top plate is fixed on the top of the two columns, a rotating shaft is rotatably connected in the middle of the top plate, a protection box is fixed on the bottom end of the rotating shaft, a pulley is rotatably connected to the bottom end of the protection box through a bracket, an end of the pull rope away from the sampling box is fixed to the pulley, and a driving member for driving the pulley to rotate is provided inside the protection box;

[0015] A control host for controlling the start of the driving member, controlling the power on and off of the annular electromagnet, and controlling the power on and off of the electromagnet is provided on the top of the base, and a drawer for accommodating a water quality detection instrument is plugged into the control host.

[0016] Furthermore, the driving member includes a belt transmission assembly and a motor, the motor is installed inside the protective box, and the belt transmission assembly is installed between the motor and the rope pulley to drive the rope pulley to rotate.

[0017] Furthermore, the surface of the pull rope is processed with a length mark, and a miniature camera for observing the length mark on the surface of the pull rope is fixed at the bottom of the cantilever, and the image information captured by the miniature camera is uploaded to the control host in real time.

[0018] Furthermore, the bottom of one end of the cantilever extending outward from the hull is rotatably connected to a pulley, and one end of the pull rope passes through the outer end of the pulley and is fixed to the top of the upper sampling box;

[0019] The front side and the rear side of the base are both equipped with reversible wheels for pushing the base to move.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0021] The stratified water ecological sampling and detection equipment for lakes and reservoirs uses the buoyancy of water bodies at different depths to push the sealing plug upward, and automatically loads the water samples to be collected into an upper sampling box, a middle sampling box, or a lower sampling box, so as to simplify the structure and equipment, save the manufacturing cost of the present invention, and reduce the use cost of the present invention.

[0022] The present invention utilizes a piston head to separate the collected water sample from the telescopic rod and the spring. On the one hand, it can prevent the annular electromagnet, the electromagnet and the touch switch in the telescopic rod from being damaged due to moisture. On the other hand, it can also drive the sealing plug to move upward through the movement of the piston head, so as to automatically open and seal the sampling port during the water collection process. The structural design is ingenious, and it can also reduce the manual operation steps, thereby reducing the operation difficulty of the present invention.

[0023] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will be described in the following description to some extent, and to some extent, will be obvious to those skilled in the art based on the following examination and study, or can be taught from the practice of the present invention. The objectives and other advantages of the present invention can be realized and obtained through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention installed on a hull;

[0025] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the reversible wheels of the present invention after being folded;

[0026] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the reversible wheel of the present invention after being lowered;

[0027] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the movable frame of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the sampling box of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Enlarged view of part A in the middle;

[0030] Figure 7 for Figure 5 Enlarged view of middle part B;

[0031] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the lower plug of the present invention being inserted into the interior of the sampling port;

[0032] Fig. 9 for Figure 8 sectional view of

[0033] Fig.10 for Fig. 9 Enlarged view of part C in the middle.

[0034] In the figure: 1. Hull; 2. Movable frame; 3. Cantilever; 4. Pull rope; 5. Sampling box; 6. Heavy anchor; 7. Mini camera;

[0035] 21. Base; 22. Reversible wheels; 23. Column; 24. Top plate; 25. Rotating shaft; 26. Protective box; 27. Rope drum; 28. Pulley; 29. ​​Driving member; 210. Control host; 211. Drawer;

[0036] 291. belt drive assembly; 292. motor;

[0037] 51. upper sampling box; 52. middle sampling box; 53. lower sampling box; 54. sampling port; 55. sealing plug; 56. piston head; 57. spring; 58. telescopic rod; 59. elbow; 510. pipe cap;

[0038] 551, upper plug; 552, vertical rod; 553, lower plug;

[0039] 581. Moving rod; 582. Round plate; 583. Hollow rod; 584. Ring-shaped electromagnet; 585. Electromagnet; 586. Ring-shaped plate; 587. Touch switch. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0041] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, further definition and explanation thereof is not required in subsequent drawings.

[0043] In the above description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "one side", "the other side", etc. indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of the invention is usually placed when in use, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish the description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0044] In addition, the term "same" does not mean that the parts must be absolutely the same, but slight differences are allowed. The term "vertical" only means that the positional relationship between the parts is more vertical than "parallel", and does not mean that the structure must be completely vertical, but can be slightly tilted.

[0045] See also Figure 1The present invention provides a technical solution: a stratified water ecological sampling and detection device for lakes and reservoirs, comprising a movable frame 2 installed on a hull 1, a rotatable cantilever 3 installed on the movable frame 2, a sampling box 5 is connected to the bottom of one end of the cantilever 3 extending outside the hull 1 through a pull rope 4, and a heavy anchor 6 is fixed to the bottom of the sampling box 5. When in use, the movable frame 2 is placed on the hull 1, and then the sampling box 5 is dropped into the lake or reservoir under the gravity of the heavy anchor 6 to collect water samples;

[0046] The structure of the movable frame 2 is as follows Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown: it includes a base 21 located on the deck of the hull 1, two columns 23 distributed side by side are fixed on one side of the top of the base 21, a top plate 24 is fixed on the top of the two columns 23, a rotating shaft 25 is rotatably connected in the middle of the top plate 24, a protection box 26 is fixed at the bottom end of the rotating shaft 25, a pulley 27 is rotatably connected to the bottom end of the protection box 26 through a bracket, the end of the pull rope 4 away from the sampling box 5 is fixed to the pulley 27, the end of the cantilever 3 extending out of the outside of the hull 1 is rotatably connected to the pulley 28 at the bottom, the other end of the pull rope 4 passes through the outer end of the pulley 28 and is fixed to the top of the sampling box 5, and a driving member 29 for driving the pulley 27 to rotate is arranged inside the protection box 26;

[0047] In this embodiment, the driving member 29 includes a belt transmission assembly 291 and a motor 292. The motor 292 is installed inside the protective box 26. The belt transmission assembly 291 is installed between the motor 292 and the pulley 27, and is used to drive the pulley 27 to rotate. The belt transmission assembly 291 is driven by starting the motor 292 to drive the pulley 27 to rotate, and is used to release the pull rope 4 wound on the outer end of the pulley 27, so that the heavy anchor 6 can move down in the lake reservoir under the action of its own gravity. In addition, a length mark is processed on the surface of the pull rope 4, and a miniature camera 7 for observing the length mark on the surface of the pull rope 4 is fixed at the bottom of the cantilever 3. The length mark starts from "0m", and the end marked with "0m" is located at the position where the pull rope 4 is connected to the sampling box 5. During the process of heavy anchor 6 below, the depth of the downward movement of the sampling box 5 can be known by constantly observing the length mark on the surface of the pull rope 4. Then, by stopping the sampling box 5 at different depths, water samples at different depths inside the lake reservoir can be taken respectively, thereby improving the accuracy of the detection results.

[0048] In this embodiment, reversible wheels 22 for pushing the base 21 to move are installed on the front and rear sides of the base 21. This design enables the movable frame 2 to have two different usage modes, one of which is as follows: Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown: the reversible wheels 22 are driven to rotate by the motor and the rotating shaft installed on the base 21, and the reversible wheels 22 are folded and placed on the front and rear sides of the base 21, so that the bottom of the base 21 can directly contact the deck of the hull 1, increasing the contact area and improving the stability of the entire device during the water sample collection process. Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown: the reversible wheel 22 is driven to rotate again by the motor and the rotating shaft installed on the base 21, so that the reversible wheel 22 is lowered, and the bottom end of the reversible wheel 22 is located at the bottom of the base 21, so that the present invention can move under the rolling of the reversible wheel 22, and a handrail is installed on one side of the top of the base 21, which can facilitate the staff to push the present invention to move, and further improve the flexibility of the present invention when used.

[0049] The structure of the sampling box 5 used for collecting water samples in the above process is as follows: Figure 5-Figure 10 As shown: it includes an upper sampling box 51, a middle sampling box 52 and a lower sampling box 53 which are sequentially distributed from top to bottom. The upper sampling box 51, the middle sampling box 52 and the lower sampling box 53 are respectively used to collect water samples at different depths to improve the accuracy of water quality detection. Sampling ports 54 for the entry of lake water are provided at the bottom of the upper sampling box 51, the bottom of the middle sampling box 52 and the bottom of the lower sampling box 53. A sealing plug 55 is plugged inside each sampling port 54. A piston head 56 is provided inside the upper sampling box 51, the inside of the middle sampling box 52 and the inside of the lower sampling box 53. The bottom of the piston head 56 is fixed to the top of the sealing plug 55.

[0050] A telescopic rod 58 for fixing the position of the piston head 56 is provided in the middle of the top of the piston head 56, and the telescopic rod 58 includes a moving rod 581 fixed on the top of the piston head 56, and a circular plate 582 is fixed on the top of the moving rod 581, and the circular plate 582 is made of iron material. A hollow rod 583 is sleeved on the outside of the circular plate 582, and the tops of the three hollow rods 583 are respectively fixed to the internal top of the upper sampling box 51, the internal top of the middle sampling box 52 and the internal top of the lower sampling box 53. The moving rod 581 passes through the bottom of the hollow rod 583, and the inner wall of the bottom end of the hollow rod 583 is inlaid with an annular electromagnet 584 (model RS-50). When the annular electromagnet 584 is energized, it adsorbs the circular plate 582 to fix the position of the moving rod 581, so as to limit the three piston heads 56 to the internal bottom of the upper sampling box 51, the internal bottom of the middle sampling box 52 and the internal bottom of the lower sampling box 53, as shown in FIG. Figure 5 As shown in , at this time, the position of the piston head 56 is the initial position, and the initial state of the annular electromagnet 584 is the energized state;

[0051] The top of the upper sampling box 51, the top of the middle sampling box 52 and the top of the lower sampling box 53 are all fixed with electromagnets 585 (model H6045). When the electromagnets 585 are energized, they attract the circular plate 582 to fix the three piston heads 56 in the middle of the upper sampling box 51, the middle of the middle sampling box 52 and the middle of the lower sampling box 53, respectively. Fig. 9 As shown in , the position of the piston head 56 at this time is the position after collecting water samples, and the annular electromagnet 584 is in a power-off state, and the electromagnet 585 is in a power-on state. The outer wall of the bottom end of the hollow rod 583 is fixed with an annular plate 586, and the rear side of the annular plate 586 is inlaid with a touch switch 587 for controlling the power on of the electromagnet 585. After the piston head 56 moves up, it contacts the bottom of the annular plate 586 and presses the touch switch 587 to control the power on of the electromagnet 585. The electromagnet 585, the annular electromagnet 584 and the touch switch 587 are all located above the piston head 56, which can isolate the lake water and prevent these electrical components from being damaged by moisture, which is conducive to reducing the use cost of the present invention;

[0052] After the sampling box 5 moves to the specified depth, the lower sampling box 53 is used to take the water sample at the deepest position, the middle sampling box 52 is used to take the water sample at the middle position, and the upper sampling box 51 is used to take the water sample at the shallowest position. Before the water samples are taken, the sampling ports 54 at the bottom of each sampling box need to be opened respectively. The process is as follows: first, the annular electromagnet 584 is controlled to be de-energized. Since a plurality of springs 57 are fixed on the top of the piston head 56, the initial position of the spring 57 is in an elongated state. Therefore, after the annular electromagnet 584 is de-energized, the spring 57 will pull the piston head 56 upward. At the same time, the buoyancy of the water body on the sealing plug 55 will also push the sealing plug 55 and the piston head 56 upward until the sampling port 54 is opened. Then, the lake water automatically enters the lower sampling box 53, the middle sampling box 52 or the upper sampling box 51 under the action of the pressure and buoyancy inside and outside the collection box to complete the water sample collection work. At this time, the piston head 56 is in a state as shown in FIG. Fig. 9 The piston head 56 moves upward to compress the spring 57, and the spring 57 is in a compressed state. The present invention does not require additional suction equipment, which can reduce the cost and enhance the practicality of the present invention.

[0053] In this embodiment, the structure of the sealing plug 55 is as follows: Figure 6As shown: it includes an upper plug 551, the top of the upper plug 551 is fixed to the bottom of the piston head 56, a vertical rod 552 is fixed in the middle of the bottom of the upper plug 551, and a lower plug 553 is fixed at the bottom of the vertical rod 552, that is, in the process of the piston head 56 driving the sealing plug 55 to move upward, the upper plug 551 will be pulled out from the inside of the sampling port 54 first, and then the vertical rod 552 will be inserted into the inside of the sampling port 54, at this time, the water flows into the box body through the sampling port 54, when the piston head 56 moves to the middle position inside the box body, the lower plug 553 is inserted into the sampling port 54 again, and the sampling port 54 is blocked again to prevent the water entering the box body from flowing out again. The present invention can automatically block the sampling port 54 for water inlet after taking water, has a clever structural design, and has few operating steps, and is suitable for wide promotion.

[0054] Moreover, in order to facilitate the staff to control whether the annular electromagnet 584 and the electromagnet 585 are energized or not on the hull 1, as shown in FIG. Figure 2-4 As shown, a control host 210 is also provided on the top of the base 21 for controlling the start of the driving member 29, controlling the power on and off of the annular electromagnet 584, and controlling the power on and off of the electromagnet 585. The image information captured by the micro camera 7 will also be uploaded to the control host 210 in real time. A control panel with a display screen is embedded on the top of the control host 210. The staff can control the annular electromagnet 584, the electromagnet 585, the driving member 29 and the touch switch 587 through the control panel. The remote control method can be achieved by adopting existing technical means, which will not be further elaborated here.

[0055] Finally, after the upper sampling box 51, the middle sampling box 52 and the lower sampling box 53 are filled with water samples, the control pulley 27 is reversed to reel in the pull rope 4, thereby driving the upper sampling box 51, the middle sampling box 52 and the lower sampling box 53 to move upward until they are moved above the hull 1, and then the cantilever 3 is rotated to rotate it to the top of the hull 1. In order to facilitate the detection of water samples, a drawer 211 for accommodating a water quality detection instrument is also plugged into the control host 210. The detection instrument can be a detector with model IN-B100 or model LH-C600. This type of detector is compact and has a colorimetric detection system, supports prefabricated test tube colorimetry and colorimetric dish colorimetry, and has a built-in dual-temperature zone 8-hole digester. The left and right temperature zones are independently controlled, and COD, total phosphorus, total nitrogen, etc. can be quickly digested. COD, ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus, total nitrogen, phosphate dissolved oxygen, effective chlorine, urea and dozens of other items can be detected, which can meet the use requirements of the present invention;

[0056] There are also bent pipes 59 fixedly connected to one side of the upper sampling box 51, one side of the middle sampling box 52 and one side of the lower sampling box 53, and the top of the bent pipe 59 is threadedly connected with a pipe cap 510. When testing, the pipe caps 510 at the top of the three bent pipes 59 can be directly loosened, and the collected water samples can be directly sucked through the top opening of the bent pipe 59 using a digital display pipette. The entire sampling and testing operations can be completed on the hull 1, which is convenient and quick, and can improve the working efficiency of the present invention.

[0057] It is worth noting that the present invention can also be used in conjunction with a water quality detector of model YSI Pro Plus. When in use, the probe of the detector can be directly inserted into the opening at the top of the curved pipe 59 to contact the water sample. The operation is simple and easy to use.

[0058] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solution of the present invention can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the purpose and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, which should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A stratified water ecological sampling and detection device for lakes and reservoirs, comprising a movable frame (2) mounted on a hull (1), characterized in that: The movable frame (2) is provided with a rotatable cantilever (3), the bottom of one end of the cantilever (3) extending outside the hull (1) is connected to a sampling box (5) via a pull rope (4), a heavy anchor (6) is fixed to the bottom of the sampling box (5), and the sampling box (5) falls into the lake or reservoir under the gravity of the heavy anchor (6) to collect water samples; The sampling box (5) comprises an upper sampling box (51), a middle sampling box (52) and a lower sampling box (53) which are arranged in sequence from top to bottom. The bottom of the upper sampling box (51), the bottom of the middle sampling box (52) and the bottom of the lower sampling box (53) are all provided with sampling ports (54). A sealing plug (55) is plugged inside each sampling port (54). A piston head (56) is provided inside the sampling port (54). After the sealing plug (55) moves to the bottom of the lake, the buoyancy of the water body pushes the sealing plug (55) and the piston head (56) upward to automatically collect water samples into the box.

2. The stratified water ecological sampling and detection equipment for lakes and reservoirs according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A telescopic rod (58) for fixing the position of the piston head (56) is provided in the middle of the top of the piston head (56), and the telescopic rod (58) includes a moving rod (581) fixed to the top of the piston head (56), a circular plate (582) is fixed to the top of the moving rod (581), and a hollow rod (583) is sleeved on the outside of the circular plate (582), and the tops of the three hollow rods (583) are respectively connected to the top of the upper sampling box (51), the top of the middle sampling box (52) and the top of the lower sampling box (53). The top of the box (53) is fixed, the moving rod (581) passes through the bottom of the hollow rod (583), and the inner wall of the bottom of the hollow rod (583) is inlaid with an annular electromagnet (584). When the annular electromagnet (584) is energized, it adsorbs the circular plate (582) to fix the position of the moving rod (581) so as to restrict the three piston heads (56) to the bottom of the upper sampling box (51), the bottom of the middle sampling box (52) and the bottom of the lower sampling box (53). Electromagnets (585) are fixed to the top of the upper sampling box (51), the top of the middle sampling box (52) and the top of the lower sampling box (53). When the electromagnets (585) are energized, they adsorb the circular plate (582) and are used to fix the three piston heads (56) in the middle of the upper sampling box (51), the middle of the middle sampling box (52) and the middle of the lower sampling box (53).

3. The stratified water ecological sampling and detection equipment for lakes and reservoirs according to claim 2 is characterized by: An annular plate (586) is fixed to the outer wall of the bottom end of the hollow rod (583), and a touch switch (587) for controlling the power supply of the electromagnet (585) is embedded on the rear side of the annular plate (586). After the piston head (56) moves upward, it contacts the bottom of the annular plate (586) and presses the touch switch (587) to control the power supply of the electromagnet (585).

4. The stratified water ecological sampling and detection equipment for lakes and reservoirs according to claim 1 is characterized by: A plurality of springs (57) are fixed to the top of the piston head (56), and the springs (57) are compressed when the piston head (56) moves upward.

5. The stratified water ecological sampling and detection equipment for lakes and reservoirs according to claim 1 is characterized by: The bottom of the piston head (56) is fixed to the top of the sealing plug (55); The sealing plug (55) comprises an upper plug head (551), the top of which is fixed to the bottom of a piston head (56), a vertical rod (552) is fixed in the middle of the bottom of the upper plug head (551), and a lower plug head (553) is fixed at the bottom of the vertical rod (552), and the piston head (56) moves upward to drive the lower plug head (553) to be inserted into the sampling port (54), so as to automatically seal the sampling port (54) after the water sample is collected.

6. The stratified water ecological sampling and detection equipment for lakes and reservoirs according to claim 1 is characterized by: One side of the upper sampling box (51), one side of the middle sampling box (52) and one side of the lower sampling box (53) are all fixedly connected with a curved pipe (59), and the top end of the curved pipe (59) is threadedly connected with a pipe cap (510).

7. The stratified water ecological sampling and detection equipment for lakes and reservoirs according to claim 2 is characterized by: The movable frame (2) includes a base (21) located on the deck of the hull (1), two columns (23) arranged side by side are fixed on one side of the top of the base (21), a top plate (24) is fixed on the top of the two columns (23), a rotating shaft (25) is rotatably connected in the middle of the top plate (24), a protective box (26) is fixed at the bottom end of the rotating shaft (25), a rope pulley (27) is rotatably connected at the bottom end of the protective box (26) through a bracket, the end of the pull rope (4) away from the sampling box (5) is fixed to the rope pulley (27), a driving member (29) for driving the rope pulley (27) to rotate is provided inside the protective box (26), the bottom end of the cantilever (3) extending out of the outside of the hull (1) is rotatably connected to a pulley (28), and the pull rope (4) is passed around the outer end of the pulley (28); A control host (210) for controlling the start of the driving member (29), controlling the power on and off of the annular electromagnet (584), and controlling the power on and off of the electromagnet (585) is provided on the top of the base (21), and a drawer (211) for accommodating a water quality detection instrument is inserted inside the control host (210).

8. The stratified water ecological sampling and detection equipment for lakes and reservoirs according to claim 7 is characterized by: The driving member (29) comprises a belt transmission assembly (291) and a motor (292), wherein the motor (292) is installed inside the protection box (26), and the belt transmission assembly (291) is installed between the motor (292) and the rope wheel (27) to drive the rope wheel (27) to rotate.

9. The stratified water ecological sampling and detection equipment for lakes and reservoirs according to claim 7 is characterized by: The surface of the pull rope (4) is processed with a length mark, and a micro camera (7) for observing the length mark on the surface of the pull rope (4) is fixed at the bottom of the cantilever (3), and the image information captured by the micro camera (7) is uploaded to the control host (210) in real time.

10. The stratified water ecological sampling and detection equipment for lakes and reservoirs according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The bottom of one end of the cantilever (3) extending outward from the hull (1) is rotatably connected to a pulley (28), and one end of the pull rope (4) is passed around the outer end of the pulley (28) and fixed to the top of the upper sampling box (51); The front and rear sides of the base (21) are both equipped with reversible wheels (22) for pushing the base (21) to move.

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