Oil-rich coal in-situ pyrolysis overlying strata damage dynamic monitoring system and method

Abstract

The invention relates to an oil-rich coal in-situ pyrolysis overlying strata damage dynamic monitoring system and method. The system comprises a sensing module used for detecting underground temperature, pressure and displacement, a ground geophysical prospecting module, a ground gas monitoring module and a DCS control module used for monitoring and controlling. The input end of the DCS control module is connected with the sensing module, the ground gas monitoring module and the ground geophysical prospecting module. The sensing modules are respectively placed in a heat injection well, a production well and a monitoring well; the ground geophysical prospecting module and the ground gas monitoring module are arranged on the ground surface where the heat injection well, the production well and the monitoring well are located; according to the method, the dynamic monitoring of the in-situ pyrolysis overlying strata damage of the oil-rich coal is realized by performing well logging and sampling test before, in and after engineering in a well, and the problem that the monitoring device cannot be placed underground and the monitoring engineering cannot be performed in the in-situ pyrolysis of the oil-rich coal is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of geological exploration, and in particular to a system and method for dynamically monitoring overburden damage caused by in-situ pyrolysis of oil-rich coal. Background Art

[0002] In-situ pyrolysis mining of oil-rich coal is a new way of low-carbon development and utilization of coal. It is a mining method that drills holes on the ground, transforms the coal seam, injects heat into the coal seam, achieves pyrolysis of the coal seam, and extracts the pyrolyzed coal gas and tar to the ground. However, in-situ pyrolysis mining of coal seams will cause damage to the overburden.

[0003] The traditional method of coal mining is to dig tunnels underground and place coal mining machines in the tunnels for mechanical cutting. This mining method is different from the in-situ pyrolysis of oil-rich coal. The in-situ pyrolysis mining method of oil-rich coal is to drill holes on the ground, and the coal seams are transformed, heated, and pyrolysis products are extracted through drilling. The two mining methods are different. Compared with the in-situ pyrolysis mining of oil-rich coal, the traditional mining method does not heat or pressurize. Compared with traditional mining, the in-situ pyrolysis of oil-rich coal does not dig tunnels underground, and no fixed equipment is lowered. Therefore, the two mining methods have different damage modes to the overburden. The monitoring methods of rock formation damage are also different. In view of the characteristic problems such as temperature, pressure, and heat-carrying gas unique to the in-situ pyrolysis process of oil-rich coal, the monitoring methods of overburden damage in traditional underground coal mining, such as drilling, geophysical exploration, numerical simulation, and similar simulation, can no longer meet the monitoring requirements. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a dynamic monitoring system and method for overburden damage caused by in-situ pyrolysis of oil-rich coal. By carrying out logging and sampling and testing before, during and after the project in the well, dynamic monitoring of overburden damage caused by in-situ pyrolysis of oil-rich coal can be achieved, thereby solving the problem that monitoring equipment cannot be placed underground and monitoring projects cannot be carried out during in-situ pyrolysis of oil-rich coal.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] The invention provides a dynamic monitoring system for in-situ pyrolysis of oil-rich coal overburden damage, comprising a sensor module for detecting underground temperature, pressure and displacement, a ground geophysical exploration module, a ground gas monitoring module and a DCS control module for monitoring and control; the input end of the DCS control module is respectively connected to the sensor module, the ground gas monitoring module and the ground geophysical exploration module; the sensor modules are respectively placed in a heat injection well, a production well and a monitoring well; the ground geophysical exploration module and the ground gas monitoring module are arranged on the surface where the heat injection well, the production well and the monitoring well are located; the ground geophysical exploration module comprises a microseismic array for microseismic monitoring observation, a ground deformation monitor for monitoring ground displacement or settlement, a micromotion array and a transient array for ground transient electromagnetic observation; the output end of the microseismic array is electrically connected to the microseismic module for microseismic data processing and interpretation, and the ground deformation monitoring module is connected to the ground deformation monitoring module. The output end of the device is electrically connected to a deformation module for ground deformation monitoring and analysis, the output end of the micromotion array is electrically connected to a micromotion module for micromotion data processing and interpretation, and the output end of the transient array is electrically connected to a transient module for ground transient electromagnetic data processing and interpretation; the output ends of the microseismic module, the deformation module, the micromotion module, the transient module and the DCS control module are electrically connected to an analysis module for multivariate data comprehensive analysis; the output end of the analysis module is connected to a comparison module; it also includes a borehole core module for drilling rock samples in heat injection wells, production wells and monitoring wells; the output end of the borehole core module is connected to a test module for physical, chemical and mechanical testing; the output end of the test module is connected to a formation model construction module; the output end of the formation model construction module is connected to a formation model and multivariate coupling analysis comparison module; the output end of the comparison module is connected to an overburden damage determination module.

[0007] In the above-mentioned dynamic monitoring system for overburden damage caused by in-situ pyrolysis of oil-rich coal, the microseismic array, deformation monitor, micromotion array and transient array are deployed in a multi-circular array manner or a three-dimensional point acquisition array manner.

[0008] The present invention also provides a method for dynamically monitoring damage of overburden rock during in-situ pyrolysis of oil-rich coal, which uses the above-mentioned system for dynamically monitoring damage of overburden rock during in-situ pyrolysis of oil-rich coal, and comprises the following steps:

[0009] Step 1: In the early stage of in-situ pyrolysis of oil-rich coal, heat injection wells, production wells and monitoring wells are drilled in the target area of ​​in-situ pyrolysis of oil-rich coal, and formation core and logging data are obtained through drilling engineering to analyze the formation structure; micro-motion module and transient module are used to obtain background data to clarify the characteristics of formation structure, formation velocity structure, formation water content and other characteristics; micro-motion module is used to collect micro-motion seismic data information in real time; and the formation water content information is obtained through the transient module;

[0010] Step 2: Use the drilling core module to obtain formation cores and well logging in the constructed heat injection wells, production wells and monitoring wells, use the test module to detect the rock density and porosity of the coal seam and key sandstone layer, and obtain the well logging curve; use the sensor module to obtain formation temperature, pressure and displacement data information;

[0011] Step 3: Using a ground deformation monitor and a gas monitoring module to collect ground deformation and gas composition change value information;

[0012] Step 4: Use the DCS control module to collect and display the geological information output by the sensor module, ground geophysical exploration module and gas monitoring module; use the analysis module to comprehensively analyze the geological information; use the formation model construction module to build an initial geological model of the target area;

[0013] Step 6: While fracturing, deploy a microseismic array on the ground to monitor the extension range of fractures in the fracturing coal seam through the microseismic module;

[0014] Step 7: During the in-situ pyrolysis of oil-rich coal, the geological information continuously obtained by the DCS control module is used as the boundary condition; the dynamic changes of the overburden and the velocity characteristics of the formation under different temperature and pressure conditions during the in-situ pyrolysis of oil-rich coal are simulated indoors to optimize the initial geological model; two nodes are selected during the pyrolysis process, and the detection data collection and processing and interpretation of the micro-motion module and the transient module are repeated to obtain the second geological information; the comparison module is used to compare the second geological information with the indoor simulation results;

[0015] Step 8: After the in-situ pyrolysis process of the oil-rich coal is completed, when the temperature and pressure displayed by the DCS control module are close to the original state of the formation, the micro-motion module and the transient module are used to collect data and process and interpret the data to obtain the third geological information; the geological information obtained in step 4 of the third geological information is compared; the core is obtained from the monitoring well borehole using the drilling core module, and the rock mechanics test analysis and water analysis of the obtained core are performed using the test module; the geological model is used to predict the damage of the overburden in the monitoring well;

[0016] Step 9: Use geological models to simulate the dynamic changes of overburden damage under the same operating conditions.

[0017] In the above-mentioned method for dynamic monitoring of overburden damage caused by in-situ pyrolysis of oil-rich coal, the micro-motion module is connected to a 4G or 5G network.

[0018] In the above-mentioned method for dynamic monitoring of overburden damage caused by in-situ pyrolysis of oil-rich coal, in step 2, the logging curves include density logging and sonic time difference logging.

[0019] In the above-mentioned method for dynamic monitoring of overburden damage caused by in-situ pyrolysis of oil-rich coal, the geological information includes the original thickness, lithology, water content and formation velocity of the formation.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0021] The present invention carries out logging and sampling and testing work before, during and after the project in the well, places temperature sensors and pressure sensors to monitor the in-situ pyrolysis temperature and pressure of the oil-rich coal, places ground displacement monitoring devices and gas detection devices on the ground, buries micro-motion detectors throughout the process + 4 / 5G network real-time transmission, and combines four-dimensional transient electromagnetic technology to realize dynamic monitoring of overburden damage during in-situ pyrolysis of oil-rich coal, solving the problem that monitoring devices cannot be placed underground and monitoring projects cannot be carried out during in-situ pyrolysis of oil-rich coal.

[0022] 1. By carrying out logging and sampling and testing before, during and after the project in the well, the problem of not being able to place monitoring devices and carry out monitoring projects underground for in-situ pyrolysis of oil-rich coal can be solved.

[0023] 2. By placing temperature sensors and pressure sensors in the well and ground displacement monitoring devices and gas detection devices on the ground, the technical problems of in-situ pyrolysis temperature, pressure and gas monitoring of oil-rich coal can be solved.

[0024] 3. Through the implementation of the full-process burial of micro-motion detectors + 4 / 5G network real-time transmission (referred to as micro-motion long viewpoint, or when conditions are not met, the four-dimensional micro-motion method can be used), combined with the implementation of four-dimensional transient electromagnetic technology, the problem of dynamic monitoring of the entire process of pyrolysis mining of oil-rich coal can be solved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the system structure principle of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the process flow of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of multiple circle deployment of micro-motion measuring points of the present invention

[0028] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional dot matrix deployment of the micro-motion measuring points of the present invention

[0029] In the figure:

[0030] 1—heat injection well; 2—production well; 3—monitoring well; 4—heater; 5—sensor module; 6—microseismic array; 7—deformation monitor; 8—micromotion array; 9—transient array; 10—microseismic module; 11—deformation module; 12—micromotion module; 13—transient module; 14—online gas analyzer; 15—DCS control module; 16—analysis module; 17—drilling core module; 18—test module; 19—formation model building module; 20—comparison module; 21—determination module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0032] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The present invention relates to a dynamic monitoring system for in-situ pyrolysis overburden damage of oil-rich coal, comprising a sensor module 5 for detecting downhole temperature, pressure, and displacement, a ground geophysical exploration module, a ground gas monitoring module 14, a DCS control module 15 for monitoring and control, a multivariate data comprehensive analysis module 16, a drilling coring property testing module 18, and a formation model building module 19.

[0033] The input end of the DCS control module 15 is respectively connected to the sensor module 5, the ground gas monitoring module 14 and the ground geophysical exploration module; the sensor module 5 is respectively placed in the heat injection well, the production well and the monitoring well; the ground geophysical exploration module and the ground gas monitoring module 14 are arranged on the surface where the heat injection well, the production well and the monitoring well are located;

[0034] The ground geophysical exploration module includes a microseismic array 6 for microseismic monitoring and observation, a ground deformation monitor 7, a micromotion array 8 and a transient array 9 for ground transient electromagnetic observation; the output end of the microseismic array 6 is electrically connected to a microseismic module 10 for microseismic data processing and interpretation, the output end of the ground deformation monitor 7 is electrically connected to a deformation module 11 for ground deformation monitoring and analysis, the output end of the micromotion array 8 is electrically connected to a micromotion module 12 for micromotion data processing and interpretation, and the output end of the transient array 9 is electrically connected to a transient module 13 for ground transient electromagnetic data processing and interpretation; the output ends of the microseismic module 10, the deformation module 11, the micromotion module 12, the transient module 13 and the DCS control module 15 are electrically connected to an analysis module 16 for comprehensive analysis of multivariate data.

[0035] It also includes a drilling core module 17 for drilling rock samples in heat injection wells, production wells and monitoring wells; the output end of the drilling core module 17 is connected to a test module 18 for physical, chemical and mechanical testing; the output end of the test module 18 is connected to a formation model construction module 19; the output end of the construction module 19 is connected to a formation model and multivariate coupling analysis comparison module 20; the output end of the comparison module 20 is connected to a cover rock damage determination module 21.

[0036] refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 The microseismic array 6, deformation monitor 7, micromotion array 8 and transient array 9 are deployed in a multi-circular array manner or a three-dimensional point acquisition array manner.

[0037] The ground monitoring deformation monitor 7, micro-motion array 6, micro-seismic array 10 and transient array 9, in-well monitoring temperature, pressure, displacement sensor 5, sampling test, well logging, etc., indoor detection simulation formation model construction module 19 are deployed according to the characteristics of their respective methods to form a ground-well space monitoring network. Monitor the changes in formation characteristics before, during and after the entire pyrolysis to form a dynamic monitoring of the entire process. The monitoring scope and engineering deployment mode of the three monitoring methods are determined according to the size of the underground pyrolysis range. In principle, the micromotion monitoring and ground transient electromagnetic observation points are kept consistent to facilitate the comprehensive study of the data in the later stage. Microseismic monitoring is deployed according to the situation, and some monitoring points can overlap with the other two methods. The three geophysical prospecting methods conduct data collection once before the implementation of the pyrolysis project to obtain the original background data for the convenience of later comparative analysis. During the pyrolysis process, two more transient electromagnetic data collections are carried out, and micromotion full-cycle monitoring (or two observations synchronously with transient electromagnetic) can be carried out if there are sufficient instruments, and microseismic monitoring is carried out during the fracturing process. After the pyrolysis is completed in the pyrolysis zone and the temperature drops to the normal formation temperature, one more transient electromagnetic monitoring and micromotion monitoring are carried out, and a monitoring well is implemented in the pyrolysis area for coring, logging, and laboratory testing and analysis. The whole monitoring is completed by mutual calibration, and the overburden damage is objectively evaluated.

[0038] The present invention also relates to a dynamic monitoring method for overburden damage in oil-rich coal in-situ pyrolysis oil production formations, comprising the following steps:

[0039] Phase 1: Monitoring during the preparatory stage of pyrolysis

[0040] 1. (Through exploration and other technical methods) select the target area for in-situ pyrolysis development of oil-rich coal;

[0041] 2. Implement the first four-dimensional transient electromagnetic exploration project to obtain electromagnetic exploration background data and understand the stratum structure and water content of the stratum;

[0042] 3. Use the micro-seismic monitoring module to deploy micro-seismic detection (using multiple circles or three-dimensional dot matrix deployment, deployment method see Figure 3 and Figure 4 , parameters are selected according to the working conditions. In principle, they have a certain overlap with the transient electromagnetic physical points, which is convenient for later data comparison and analysis). When the equipment is sufficient, the micro-seismic monitoring module is connected to the 4G or 5G network to realize the real-time acquisition of micro-seismic data, and analyze the changes in the formation structure through real-time monitoring data; when the equipment is insufficient, a single acquisition is used, and the first acquisition is performed like the ground transient electromagnetic to understand the formation velocity and structure.

[0043] 4. In the heat injection wells, production wells and monitoring wells under construction, core samples of coal seams and key sandstone layers are taken to test their rock physical properties, density, porosity and other parameters.

[0044] 5. Carry out logging work on the drilling, including density logging, acoustic time difference logging and other logging curves to understand the nature of the formation;

[0045] 6. In the constructed heat injection wells, production wells and monitoring wells, temperature sensors, pressure sensors and displacement sensors are arranged at the top of the coal seam and the key sand layer to obtain the change trend of formation temperature, pressure and displacement;

[0046] 7. Deploy ground displacement (subsidence) monitors and gas detection equipment on the ground to collect ground deformation and gas composition change values, and indirectly analyze formation subsidence and formation integrity;

[0047] 8. Use Ethernet to connect various sensor signals, build DCS control modules, and integrate and display temperature, pressure and other information;

[0048] 9. Construct an initial geological model of the target area based on the geological data obtained above;

[0049] 10. Deploy microseismic monitoring modules in the target area to monitor microseismic events during coal seam fracturing and analyze the scope of pyrolysis;

[0050] Phase II: Dynamic monitoring during pyrolysis

[0051] 11. According to the progress of the pyrolysis process, strictly follow the engineering layout plan of the first micro-seismic exploration, and reasonably arrange the second and third four-dimensional micro-seismic exploration work (if long-term observation equipment is used, observe the data at all times and analyze and process it in time) to obtain the staged formation changes;

[0052] 12. Simultaneously with the micro-seismic exploration work, carry out the second and third ground transient electromagnetic exploration work in strict accordance with the engineering layout plan of the first transient electromagnetic exploration to obtain the phased formation and water content changes;

[0053] 13. Timely analyze the temperature, pressure and ground elevation data obtained by the DCS system and observe its value range;

[0054] 14. Using the relevant information in the DCS system as boundary conditions, analyze the geophysical characteristics of various strata within the temperature and pressure range, identify the anomalies of the micro-seismic data and transient electromagnetic data obtained in steps 11-12, and obtain the dynamic changes of the coal seam overburden;

[0055] 15. Based on the above geological interpretation results, constrain and optimize the geological model of the first stage, establish a stratigraphic model under high temperature and high pressure, clarify its geophysical characteristics, and provide support for later model prediction;

[0056] Phase 3: Result verification monitoring after the pyrolysis process

[0057] 16. Carry out well logging and downhole testing in the wells where the heat injection / production pipelines have been pulled out to obtain the formation information after pyrolysis;

[0058] 17. Drill a monitoring well within the pyrolysis range, conduct drilling sampling (sampling of key formations is required), well logging, and chemical testing to obtain stratigraphic data after pyrolysis;

[0059] 18. According to the information recorded by DCS, after the formation basically returns to normal temperature and pressure, four micro-seismic explorations (or reading long-term observation data) are carried out, and the acquisition method is the same as the previous three times to obtain the formation information after pyrolysis;

[0060] 19. Simultaneously carry out the fourth transient electromagnetic survey, using the same acquisition method as the previous three surveys, to obtain pyrolysis strata and strata water content data;

[0061] 20. The data obtained by DCS, drill core and various geophysical exploration methods are combined, mutually constrained, comprehensively analyzed and verified to obtain the final damage situation of coal seam overburden.

[0062] 21. Based on the above geological information, a simulation method is used to obtain the formation damage under other mining conditions;

[0063] 22. Completed multi-dimensional dynamic monitoring of the entire process during the in-situ pyrolysis of four oil-rich coals, revealing the damage patterns of the overburden and providing a geological basis for the safe and efficient in-situ mining of oil-rich coals.

[0064] Multiple micro-seismic and transient electromagnetic surveys, and data before, during and after pyrolysis can be used for comparative analysis; physical monitoring and geophysical monitoring work together, well and ground observations are coordinated, and multi-time dimension monitoring is carried out before, during and after mining.

[0065] The key points of the present invention are:

[0066] 1. Deploy multi-dimensional observation devices and real-time monitoring projects on the ground and in the wells before, during and after the pyrolysis mining of oil-rich coal;

[0067] 2. Deploy temperature, pressure, and displacement sensors in the well, and combine well logging data and laboratory test data to accurately understand the changes in the physical characteristics of the formation. Based on this, obtain the geophysical characteristics under different temperature and pressure conditions through indoor research, and provide constraints and geological basis for geophysical data processing and analysis;

[0068] 3. Deploy micro-motion detection equipment to collect signals dynamically and in real time (when conditions permit), and combine it with automated processing software to analyze the changes in formation velocity in real time and study the laws of formation damage changes;

[0069] 4. Design four-dimensional transient electromagnetic engineering, implement geophysical exploration with the same parameters at different stages of the project, and study the damage of the formation through geophysical exploration data from different periods;

[0070] 5. Design ground displacement and gas online monitoring, and analyze the changes of relevant data in real time;

[0071] 6. Through dynamic monitoring of the entire process using multi-dimensional and multi-dimensional data, we have a clear understanding of the changing patterns of overburden damage caused by in-situ pyrolysis of oil-rich coal. At the same time, multi-dimensional data constrain and verify each other, thus improving the accuracy of monitoring results.

[0072] Overburden damage monitoring during in-situ pyrolysis mining of oil-rich coal includes ground data collection and well information collection, involving dynamic data collection work in three stages: before pyrolysis, during pyrolysis, and at the end of pyrolysis. The monitoring methods involve temperature, pressure, and displacement sensing, dynamic monitoring of geophysical data (four-dimensional micromotion, four-dimensional electromagnetic exploration, dynamic micromotion, well logging, microseismic monitoring, etc.) and geological drilling monitoring. Specifically, before pyrolysis, the first observation of four-dimensional micromotion (or long-term micromotion) and four-dimensional transient electromagnetic exploration are constructed on the ground, the micromotion long-term view is connected to the 4G network, and ground displacement monitoring devices and gas detection devices are deployed; temperature, pressure, and displacement sensors are arranged in the well, and the relevant sensing devices are connected with Ethernet The DCS control module is connected to the network, and the geological model of the target area is constructed based on the above-mentioned data. During the pyrolysis process, the second and third data collection of the four-dimensional geophysical exploration work is carried out in stages and interpreted in a timely manner, real-time monitoring of temperature, pressure and other data, real-time processing of the data obtained by the micro-motion detector, multi-data fusion analysis of the entire overburden damage and deformation, and optimization of the existing geological model. After the pyrolysis process is completed, downhole television and logging are carried out in the existing drilling, new monitoring drilling is constructed, and coring tests and logging are carried out. The fourth data collection of the four-dimensional geophysical exploration work is carried out, and the micro-motion observation data is analyzed in real time. Multi-dimensional data analysis is performed to obtain the damage of the coal seam overburden. Dynamic monitoring of overburden damage is achieved by integrating multiple means and dimensions.

[0073] What is described above is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dynamic monitoring system for overburden damage caused by in-situ pyrolysis of oil-rich coal, characterized in that: The invention comprises a sensor module (5) for detecting downhole temperature, pressure and displacement, a ground geophysical exploration module, a ground gas monitoring module (14) and a DCS control module (15) for monitoring and controlling; the input end of the DCS control module (15) is respectively connected to the sensor module (5), the ground gas monitoring module (14) and the ground geophysical exploration module; the sensor module (5) is respectively placed in a heat injection well, a production well and a monitoring well; the ground geophysical exploration module and the ground gas monitoring module (14) are arranged on the surface where the heat injection well, the production well and the monitoring well are located; the ground geophysical exploration module comprises a microseismic array (6) for microseismic monitoring observation, a ground deformation monitor (7) for monitoring ground displacement or settlement, a micromotion array (8) and a transient array (9) for ground transient electromagnetic observation; the output end of the microseismic array (6) is electrically connected to a microseismic module (10) for microseismic data processing and interpretation, the output end of the ground deformation monitor (7) is electrically connected to a deformation module (11) for ground deformation monitoring and analysis, and the micromotion array (8) is electrically connected to a transient array (9) for ground transient electromagnetic observation. The output end of the array (8) is electrically connected to a micro-motion module (12) for processing and interpreting micro-motion data, and the output end of the transient array (9) is electrically connected to a transient module (13) for processing and interpreting ground transient electromagnetic data; the output ends of the micro-seismic module (10), the deformation module (11), the micro-motion module (12), the transient module (13) and the DCS control module (15) are electrically connected to an analysis module (16) for comprehensive analysis of multivariate data; the output end of the analysis module (16) is connected to a comparison module (20); and the system also includes a drilling core module (17) for drilling rock samples in a heat injection well, a production well and a monitoring well; the output end of the drilling core module (17) is connected to a test module (18) for physical, chemical and mechanical testing; the output end of the test module (18) is connected to a formation model construction module (19); the output end of the formation model construction module (19) is connected to a formation model and multivariate coupling analysis comparison module (20); and the output end of the comparison module (20) is connected to a cover rock damage determination module (21).

2. The dynamic monitoring system for overburden damage caused by in-situ pyrolysis of oil-rich coal according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The microseismic array (6), deformation monitor (7), micromotion array (8) and transient array (9) are deployed in a multi-circular array manner or a three-dimensional point acquisition array manner.

3. A method for dynamically monitoring overburden damage caused by in-situ pyrolysis of oil-rich coal, using the system for dynamically monitoring overburden damage caused by in-situ pyrolysis of oil-rich coal as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2, comprising the following steps: Step 1: In the early stage of in-situ pyrolysis of oil-rich coal, heat injection wells, production wells and monitoring wells are drilled in the target area of ​​in-situ pyrolysis development of oil-rich coal, and formation core and logging data are obtained through drilling engineering to analyze the formation structure; the micro-motion module (12) and the transient module (13) are used to obtain background data to clarify the characteristics of the formation structure, the formation velocity structure, the formation water content and the like; the micro-motion module (12) is used to collect micro-motion seismic data information in real time; and the transient module (13) is used to obtain formation water content information; Step 2: In the constructed heat injection well, production well and monitoring well, the formation core and well logging are obtained by using the drilling core module (17); the coal seam and key sandstone layer rock density and porosity are detected by using the test module (18) to obtain the well logging curve; the formation temperature, pressure and displacement data information are obtained by using the sensor module (5); Step 3: using a ground deformation monitor (7) and a gas monitoring module (14) to collect ground deformation and gas component change value information; Step 4: using the DCS control module (15) to collect and display the geological information output by the sensor module (5), the ground geophysical exploration module and the gas monitoring module (14); using the analysis module (16) to comprehensively analyze the geological information; using the formation model construction module (19) to construct an initial geological model of the target area; Step 6: while performing the fracturing, deploy a microseismic array (6) on the ground, and monitor the extension range of the fractured coal seam cracks through the microseismic module (10); Step 7: During the in-situ pyrolysis of the oil-rich coal, the geological information continuously obtained by the DCS control module (15) is used as the boundary condition; the dynamic changes of the overburden and the formation velocity characteristics under different temperature and pressure conditions during the in-situ pyrolysis of the oil-rich coal are simulated indoors to optimize the initial geological model; two nodes are selected during the pyrolysis process, and the detection data collection and processing and interpretation of the micro-motion module (12) and the transient module (13) are repeated to obtain the second geological information; the comparison module (20) is used to compare the second geological information with the indoor simulation results; Step 8: After the in-situ pyrolysis process of the oil-rich coal is completed, when the temperature and pressure displayed by the DCS control module (15) are close to the original state of the formation, the micro-motion module (12) and the transient module (13) are used to collect data and process and interpret the data to obtain the third geological information; the geological information obtained in step 4 of the third geological information is compared; the core is obtained from the monitoring well borehole using the drilling core module (17), and the rock mechanics test analysis and water analysis of the obtained core are performed using the test module (18); the geological model is used to predict the damage of the overburden in the monitoring well; Step 9: Use geological models to simulate the dynamic changes of overburden damage under the same operating conditions.

4. The method for dynamic monitoring of overburden damage during in-situ pyrolysis of oil-rich coal according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The micro-switch module (12) is connected to a 4G or 5G network.

5. The method for dynamic monitoring of overburden damage during in-situ pyrolysis of oil-rich coal according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step 2, the logging curves include density logging and sonic time difference logging.

6. The method for dynamic monitoring of overburden damage during in-situ pyrolysis of oil-rich coal according to claim 3, characterized in that: Geological information includes original formation thickness, lithology, water content, and formation velocity.

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