Photovoltaic sensing driven automobile self-adaptive glass color change regulation and control device and method

Abstract

The invention relates to a photovoltaic sensing driven automobile self-adaptive glass color change regulation and control device and method. The method comprises the following steps that photovoltaic power generation films installed at different positions of an automobile are used for sensing light intensity from different directions, and direct-current voltage signals are generated; carrying out filtering and voltage regulation on the direct current voltage signal; performing analog-to-digital conversion on the filtered and voltage-regulated direct-current voltage signal to obtain a digital voltage signal; whether the light transmittance of the electrochromic films located at different positions of the automobile needs to be adjusted or not is judged, and digital control signals are formed; performing digital-to-analog conversion on the digital control signal to obtain an analog voltage signal; performing filtering and voltage regulation on the analog voltage signal to obtain a voltage control signal; and performing power amplification on the voltage control signal, and driving the electrochromic film to perform corresponding light transmittance adjustment through the amplified voltage control signal. The system can accurately and quickly respond to external light changes, and the visual comfort and the driving safety of a driver are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the fields of light intensity control and automobile intelligent control, and in particular to a photovoltaic sensing-driven automobile adaptive glass color change control device and method. Background Art

[0002] Existing vehicle-mounted sunshade technology mainly relies on flippable but fixed-position sunshades, such as a sunshade (Chinese patent document CN204936765U), which can be flipped down to block the sunlight from the front or flipped sideways to block the sunlight from the side. However, this method that requires manual adjustment is inconvenient to use, and the sunshade effect is very limited, and it is difficult to automatically adapt to complex and changing light environments. In addition, there are more advanced intelligent technologies on the market, such as Chinese patent document CN106143072A, which discloses an intelligent anti-glare system for automobile front view based on electrochromic glass. The system uses a camera to form a light source positioning device, and uses an infrared transmitter and a receiver to form a human eye positioning device. The human eye and light source information obtained by the two devices are combined to calculate the anti-glare area; although the system can accurately determine the glass area that needs anti-glare and realize the adjustment of light transmittance, the system involves multiple sensors and complex microcomputer algorithms, and requires an additional independent power supply for power supply, and the system cost and complexity are high. Therefore, it is particularly important to develop a more economical, intelligent, and energy-saving automobile light management device and method. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention overcomes the deficiencies in the prior art and provides a photovoltaic sensing-driven automobile adaptive glass color change control device and method, which realizes accurate perception of sunlight and dynamic adjustment of the light transmittance of the vehicle window glass based on photovoltaic power generation film, thereby improving driving comfort and safety.

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is achieved through one of the following technical solutions.

[0005] A photovoltaic sensing driven automobile adaptive glass color change control method comprises the following steps: S1, using photovoltaic power generation films installed at different locations of the car to sense the light intensity from different directions and generate a DC voltage signal; S2, filtering and regulating the DC voltage signal, and performing analog-to-digital conversion on the filtered and regulated DC voltage signal to obtain a digitized voltage signal; S3, the microcontroller determines whether it is necessary to adjust the transmittance of the electrochromic film located at different positions of the automobile according to the digitized voltage signal. If necessary, the microcontroller outputs a digital control signal and enters step S4, while continuing to perform the determination according to the digitized voltage signal received in step S2; if not necessary, the subsequent steps are not performed, while continuing to perform the determination according to the digitized voltage signal received in step S2; S4, performing digital-to-analog conversion on the digital control signal to obtain an analog voltage signal, filtering and voltage regulating the analog voltage signal to obtain a voltage control signal; S5, amplifying the power of the voltage control signal, and driving the electrochromic film to adjust the light transmittance accordingly through the amplified voltage control signal.

[0006] Furthermore, in step S2, the DC voltage signal output by the photovoltaic power generation film may contain high-frequency noise caused by light source jitter or environmental electromagnetic interference. The DC voltage signal output by the photovoltaic power generation film is optimized to a DC voltage signal that does not contain high-frequency components and can accurately reflect the average trend of light intensity by using a filtering circuit to accurately select the frequency components of the signal, thereby providing a reliable input for subsequent digitization and logic processing.

[0007] Furthermore, in step S2, the amplitude of the filtered DC voltage signal is adjusted to within a set voltage range using a pre-stage voltage regulation circuit.

[0008] Furthermore, in step S2, an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) is used to convert the filtered and regulated DC voltage signal into a digital signal.

[0009] Furthermore, in step S3, it is determined whether the transmittance of the electrochromic films at different positions of the vehicle needs to be adjusted according to the digitized voltage signal, as follows: Set up The digital voltage signal corresponding to the DC voltage signal emitted by the photovoltaic power generation film is , , is the number of photovoltaic films installed on the car, and the voltage corresponding to the maximum light intensity that the driver can accept without affecting normal driving is ; when When There is strong light in the direction of the cockpit where the photovoltaic film is located, and the transmittance of the electrochromic film in that direction needs to be quickly lowered; Set a value lower than The hysteresis recovery threshold ,when When The strong light that appeared in the direction of the cockpit where the photovoltaic power generation film is located has disappeared. At this time, the light transmittance of the electrochromic film in this direction begins to gradually recover to the value before the strong light appeared, ensuring that the driver has a good field of vision; when exist and When the light level fluctuates between 0 and 1, the transmittance of the electrochromic film is kept unchanged, thus avoiding frequent changes in light and causing visual discomfort to the driver.

[0010] The judgment result is expressed and outputted as a PWM digital signal to form a digital control signal.

[0011] Furthermore, in step S4, a digital control signal is received by a digital-to-analog converter (DAC), and digital-to-analog conversion is performed through an internal weighted current network or weighted resistor network to convert the digital control signal into an analog voltage signal corresponding to the digital control signal.

[0012] Furthermore, in step S4, a voltage regulating circuit is used to remove high-frequency noise or fluctuation in the analog voltage signal, and the amplitude of the analog voltage signal is adjusted to ensure that the numerical value and ripple range of the analog voltage signal meet the requirements, thereby obtaining a voltage control signal.

[0013] Furthermore, in step S5, a power amplifier circuit is used to receive a voltage control signal. The voltage and power of the voltage control signal are usually small and cannot directly drive the load. The power amplifier circuit needs to amplify the voltage control signal to a level that can drive the load and provide sufficient current and voltage to drive the electrochromic film to change the transmittance. The power amplifier circuit has a current limiting protection mechanism to prevent the output current from exceeding the range that the load can withstand. The power amplifier circuit has a short-circuit protection mechanism to ensure that the power amplifier is not burned when the load is short-circuited. The power amplifier circuit has an overheating protection mechanism to prevent the circuit from being damaged due to excessively high operating temperatures.

[0014] Further, in step S5, the amplified voltage control signal is directly applied to the electrochromic film to change its light transmittance; The electrochromic film has a reversible color-changing property. When a positive voltage is applied to the electrochromic film, the material in the electrochromic film will be reduced, and the light transmittance of the film will increase; when a negative voltage is applied to the electrochromic film, the material will be oxidized, and the light transmittance of the film will decrease; once the applied voltage is removed, the electrochromic film will maintain its electrochemical state until the next voltage is applied; the light transmittance change of the electrochromic film is reversible and continuous, and can be bidirectionally and infinitely adjusted.

[0015] Furthermore, the analog voltage signal, the voltage control signal and the amplified voltage control signal are all bipolar voltage signals.

[0016] A photovoltaic sensing driven automobile adaptive glass color changing control device, comprising: a plurality of photovoltaic power generation films arranged at different positions of the automobile and a plurality of electrochromic films located at different positions of the automobile, and also comprising a signal processing module and a driving module; Photovoltaic power generation films installed at different locations on the car are used to sense the intensity of light from different directions and output corresponding DC voltage signals; The signal processing module receives the DC voltage signal output by the photovoltaic power generation film, determines the direction and intensity of the strong light source, and generates a voltage control signal for controlling the light transmittance of each electrochromic film; The driving module controls the light transmittance of the electrochromic film according to the voltage control signal output by the signal processing module, performs regional dynamic adjustment, and realizes regional transmittance adjustment.

[0017] Further, the signal processing module includes a filtering circuit, a pre-stage voltage regulating circuit, an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), a microcontroller (MCU), a digital-to-analog converter (DAC) and a voltage regulating circuit; The filter circuit is used to filter the DC voltage signal generated by the photovoltaic power generation film, remove noise and ripples, and optimize it into a DC voltage signal that does not contain high-frequency components and can reflect the average trend of light intensity; The pre-stage voltage regulating circuit is used to adjust the amplitude of the filtered DC voltage signal to within a set voltage range; The analog-to-digital converter (ADC) is used to convert the filtered and regulated DC voltage signal into a digital signal to obtain a digitized voltage signal for use in subsequent circuits. The microcontroller (MCU) is used to determine whether the transmittance of the electrochromic film in the direction of the cockpit needs to be adjusted based on the digitized voltage signal output by the analog-to-digital converter. The judgment result is expressed and output as a digital signal to form a digital control signal: The digital-to-analog converter (DAC) is used to convert the digital control signal output by the microcontroller into a digital-to-analog signal to obtain an analog voltage signal; The voltage regulation circuit is used to adjust the amplitude of the analog voltage signal output by the digital-to-analog converter (DAC) and remove noise to obtain a voltage control signal.

[0018] Furthermore, the driving module includes a power amplifier circuit; the power amplifier circuit amplifies the power of the voltage control signal output by the voltage regulating circuit, and applies the amplified voltage control signal to the electrochromic film to adjust the transmittance accordingly.

[0019] Furthermore, it also includes an energy storage power supply module for supplying power to each active circuit in the device; The energy storage power supply module includes a voltage converter, a battery and a bipolar power supply circuit; The bipolar power supply circuit is used to generate positive and negative polarity voltages, and serves as the power supply for the digital-to-analog converter, the voltage regulating circuit, and the power amplifier circuit; the digital-to-analog converter, the voltage regulating circuit, and the power amplifier circuit all need to generate bipolar voltages to drive the electrochromic film to adjust the transmittance, so they all need bipolar power supplies. At this time, the bipolar power supply circuit will generate appropriate positive and negative voltages to power the three. The storage battery is used to store excess electric energy generated by the photovoltaic power generation film when there is sufficient sunlight, and to provide auxiliary power supply for the active circuit when the light conditions are insufficient for the active circuit to operate normally relying solely on the electric energy generated by the photovoltaic power generation film; The voltage converter is used to convert the DC voltage signal generated by the photovoltaic power generation film into the rated power supply voltage required by the front-stage voltage regulation circuit, analog-to-digital converter, microcontroller, and bipolar power supply circuit when the lighting conditions are sufficient, and provide a unipolar DC power supply voltage for the front-stage voltage regulation circuit, analog-to-digital converter, microcontroller, and bipolar power supply circuit; and convert the bipolar DC voltage output by the bipolar power supply circuit into the rated power supply voltage required by the digital-to-analog converter, voltage regulation circuit, and power amplifier circuit, and provide a bipolar DC power supply voltage for the digital-to-analog converter, voltage regulation circuit, and power amplifier circuit.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are: 1. Adaptive adjustment without manual intervention. Most of the existing automobile sunshade and anti-glare technologies are still at the stage of relying on manual sun visors, lacking intelligent adjustment functions, and unable to make fine adjustments according to real-time environmental changes. The present invention combines real-time acquisition of light intensity, precise calculation of microcontrollers, PWM adjustment signal control and other technologies to achieve intelligent adaptive control, which can not only cope with different lighting environment changes, but also automatically adjust the light inside the car in real time according to actual driving conditions. In particular, the transmittance adjustment model fitted by experimental data can accurately adjust the transmittance of the electrochromic film according to the light intensity and the driver's driving habit feedback, and indirectly adjust the brightness of the car glass. Without the need for manual intervention by the driver, the light inside the car can always be kept in a comfortable range, effectively reducing glare, reducing fatigue, and improving ease of use and driving safety.

[0021] 2. The device is self-powered and more energy-efficient. Even the existing intelligent anti-glare technology for automobiles still uses the traditional power supply method, which requires an external power supply to provide power for the adjustment device, increasing the power consumption of the system; the present invention uses the power generated by the photovoltaic power generation film to power the device, which not only reduces the dependence on the external power supply, increases the stability of the device, but also effectively reduces energy consumption, and has significant advantages in the field of new energy with high requirements for energy efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 The present invention is a flowchart of the steps of a photovoltaic sensing driven automobile adaptive glass color change control method in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a principle wiring diagram of a photovoltaic sensing-driven automobile adaptive glass color change control device in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the installation position of the photovoltaic power generation film that senses the left light in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the installation position of the photovoltaic power generation film that senses the light from the right side in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the installation position of the photovoltaic power generation film that senses the light directly in front of the embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the installation position of the electrochromic film located on the driver's side window in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the installation position of the electrochromic film located on the passenger side window in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the installation position of the electrochromic film on the front windshield in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The specific implementation process of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, so as to better understand the present invention. However, the implementation form of the present invention is not limited to the examples described herein.

[0031] In one embodiment, a photovoltaic sensing driven automotive adaptive glass color control method, such as Figure 1 As shown, the following steps are included: S1, using photovoltaic power generation films installed at different locations of the car to sense the light intensity from different directions and generate a DC voltage signal; In this embodiment, 5 photovoltaic power generation films are provided, and the photovoltaic power generation films adopt BougeRV Yuma 200W CIGS thin film flexible solar cell panels (the shape and size of the photovoltaic power generation films need to be customized according to different shapes); Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5As shown, five photovoltaic power generation films are installed at the top frame of the main driver's side window, the left front corner of the front windshield, the top center of the front windshield, the right front corner of the front windshield, and the top frame of the co-driver's side window, respectively. They are the first photovoltaic power generation film 1, the second photovoltaic power generation film 2, the third photovoltaic power generation film 3, the fourth photovoltaic power generation film 4, and the fifth photovoltaic power generation film 5, which are used to sense the light intensity from different directions and generate corresponding DC voltage signals.

[0032] Among them, the first photovoltaic power generation film 1 and the fifth photovoltaic power generation film 5 are used to sense the light intensity from the left and right sides respectively; the second photovoltaic power generation film 2, the third photovoltaic power generation film 3, and the fourth photovoltaic power generation film 4 are used to sense the light intensity from the left front, the front and the right front of the vehicle respectively.

[0033] S2, filtering and regulating the DC voltage signal to remove noise and ripples, and making the voltage relatively smoothly stabilized near the rated input voltage of the subsequent circuit; The DC voltage signal output by the photovoltaic power generation film may contain high-frequency noise caused by the jitter of the light source or environmental electromagnetic interference. The filter circuit can be used to accurately select the frequency components of the signal to optimize the DC voltage signal after voltage regulation to a DC voltage signal that does not contain high-frequency components and can accurately reflect the average trend of light intensity, providing a reliable input for subsequent digitalization and logic processing.

[0034] In one embodiment, the filter circuit uses an active filter to filter the DC voltage signal output by the photovoltaic power generation film.

[0035] The amplitude of the filtered DC voltage signal is adjusted to near the rated input voltage of the subsequent circuit by using the pre-stage voltage regulating circuit; In one embodiment, the pre-stage voltage regulation circuit uses a Sepic converter to adjust the amplitude of the filtered DC voltage signal to near the rated input voltage of the analog-to-digital converter (ADC); S3, performing analog-to-digital conversion on the filtered and regulated DC voltage signal to obtain a digitized voltage signal for use in subsequent circuits; The filtered and regulated DC voltage signal is converted into a digital signal using an analog-to-digital converter (ADC).

[0036] In one embodiment, the analog-to-digital converter (ADC) is a successive approximation analog-to-digital converter with a resolution of 12 bits, a sampling frequency of 1 kHz, and a reference voltage of 5 V.

[0037] S4, judging whether it is necessary to adjust the light transmittance of the electrochromic film located at different positions of the vehicle according to the digitized voltage signal, expressing and outputting the judgment result in a digital signal to form a digital control signal; In one embodiment, four electrochromic films are provided; since sunlight generally does not directly hit the lower half of the front windshield of a car, in order to ensure a clear vision of the driver at a relatively close distance in front of the car, the lower half of the front windshield is not provided with an electrochromic film, and the upper half of the front windshield is divided into two parts, a left part and a right part, and two electrochromic films are provided respectively, such as Figure 8 As shown in the first electrochromic film 801 and the second electrochromic film 802; At the same time, in order to ensure that the driver has a clear view of the rearview mirror, if the change in light transmittance will block the driver's view of the rearview mirrors on both sides, the electrochromic film will not be installed on the driver's and co-driver's side windows. The electrochromic film will only be installed on the driver's and co-driver's side windows that will not block the driver's view of the rearview mirrors on both sides. Figure 6 The third electrochromic film 601, Figure 7 As shown in the fourth electrochromic film 602.

[0038] In one embodiment, the electrochromic film adopts a lithium-ion electrochromic film, which is a material that can be infinitely adjusted from a completely transparent state to a completely opaque state according to a control voltage. The voltage signal output by the power amplifier circuit drives the electrodes of the lithium-ion electrochromic film to change the potential on the surface of the electrode; when the voltage is sufficient, the lithium ions in the film will be embedded in the crystal structure of the electrochromic material, causing the optical properties of the material to change, that is, the film changes from transparent to dark (light transmittance is reduced); similarly, when the voltage is reversed, the lithium ions will be removed from the electrochromic material and the original transparent state will be restored.

[0039] In one embodiment, the digital voltage signals corresponding to the DC voltage signals emitted by five photovoltaic power generation films respectively installed at the top frame of the main driver's side window, the left front corner of the front windshield, the top center of the front windshield, the right front corner of the front windshield and the top frame of the passenger side window are respectively: , , , , , and the voltage corresponding to the maximum light intensity that the driver can accept without affecting normal driving is , using a microcontroller (MCU), based on the digitized voltage signal, determines whether it is necessary to adjust the transmittance of the electrochromic film located at different positions of the car, as follows: when When the MCU calculates and generates a rapid decrease Figure 6 a PWM digital control signal for changing the light transmittance of the third electrochromic film 601 to a driver preference value; when When the MCU calculates and generates a rapid decrease Figure 7 a PWM digital control signal for changing the light transmittance of the fourth electrochromic film 602 to a driver preference value; when When the MCU calculates and generates a rapid decrease Figure 8 A PWM digital control signal that changes the light transmittance of the first electrochromic film 801 to a driver preference value; when When it is determined that there is strong light in front of the car, the MCU calculates and generates a rapid decrease Figure 8 A PWM digital control signal that changes the light transmittance of the first electrochromic film 801 and the second electrochromic film 802 to a driver preference value; when When the MCU calculates and generates a rapid decrease Figure 8 A PWM digital control signal for changing the light transmittance of the second electrochromic film 802 to a driver preference value; Set a value lower than The hysteresis recovery threshold In one embodiment, take =0.8 ; As light intensity decreases (e.g. into a shaded area or at night), When the strong light on the left side of the car disappears, the MCU calculates and generates a gradual increase Figure 6 A PWM digital control signal that changes the light transmittance of the third electrochromic film 601 to a value before strong light appears; when When the strong light on the right side of the car disappears, the MCU calculates and generates a gradual increase Figure 7 A PWM digital control signal that changes the light transmittance of the fourth electrochromic film 602 to a value before strong light appears; when When the strong light in front of the left side of the car disappears, the MCU calculates and generates a gradual increase Figure 8 A PWM digital control signal for changing the light transmittance of the first electrochromic film 801 to a value before strong light appears; when When the strong light in front of the car disappears, the MCU calculates and generates a gradual increase Figure 8 A PWM digital control signal that changes the light transmittance of the first electrochromic film 801 and the second electrochromic film 802 to a value before strong light appears; when When the strong light in front of the right side of the car disappears, the MCU calculates and generates a gradual increase Figure 8 A PWM digital control signal for changing the light transmittance of the second electrochromic film 802 to a value before strong light appears; when ( = 1,2,3,4,5) in and When the light level fluctuates between 0 and 1, the MCU calculates and generates a PWM digital control signal to keep the transmittance of the electrochromic film unchanged, thereby avoiding frequent changes in light and causing visual discomfort to the driver.

[0040] It is necessary to ensure that one digital control signal corresponds to and controls one electrochromic film individually.

[0041] In one embodiment, the microcontroller (MCU) calculates as follows: Based on the experimental data fitting, a transmittance adjustment model is established to achieve adaptive control of the electrochromic film. Specifically, multiple experiments can be conducted to collect subjective comfort feedback from drivers under different lighting conditions, and based on the light intensity, the transmittance adjustment model can be used to adjust the light transmittance of the electrochromic film. The target transmittance is calculated by fitting Since the human eye's acceptance of light intensity is a logarithmic relationship, the assumed model is as follows:

[0042] in, and is the coefficient determined by experiment and can be determined by nonlinear regression method. Below the set threshold When the transmittance is maintained at the maximum value To ensure a good view; When the threshold is exceeded, the above empirical formula is used to calculate , and limit its minimum value to not less than the set In addition, the light intensity is expressed in the present invention by the DC voltage signal generated by the photovoltaic power generation film, that is, , The microcontroller detects the light intensity of the photovoltaic film. , use the above model to calculate the target transmittance The driving voltage of the electrochromic glass is controlled by the PWM signal. The duty cycle D of the PWM signal satisfies the functional relationship with the target transmittance:

[0043] in, Indicates the maximum light transmittance of the electrochromic film.

[0044] In one embodiment, the microcontroller determines the light intensity received by each photovoltaic power generation film according to the model algorithm, calculates the duty cycle of the PWM signal, and outputs the PWM signal to the DAC. The PWM signal is a pulse signal with periodic alternation of high and low levels and an adjustable duty cycle. The duty cycle of the PWM signal determines the degree of change of the transmittance of the electrochromic film. When the duty cycle is 0%, the PWM signal is always at a low level, so that the control voltage applied to the electrochromic film is 0V, then the transmittance of the electrochromic film is the maximum at this time, that is, completely transparent; when the duty cycle is 100%, the PWM signal is always at a high level, so that the control voltage applied to the electrochromic film is the highest voltage (power supply voltage), then the transmittance of the electrochromic film is the minimum at this time, that is, completely opaque; the duty cycle changes continuously between 0% and 100%, and the continuous adjustment of the transmittance of the electrochromic film can be achieved.

[0045] In one embodiment, the microcontroller adopts an STM32 single-chip microcomputer.

[0046] S5, performing digital-to-analog conversion on the digital control signal to obtain an analog voltage signal; The digital control signal is received by a digital-to-analog converter (DAC), and the digital-to-analog conversion is performed through an internal weighted current network or weighted resistor network to convert the digital control signal into an analog voltage signal corresponding to the digital control signal.

[0047] In one embodiment, the digital-to-analog converter (DAC) is a resistor-divider digital-to-analog converter with a 12-bit resolution and a reference voltage of 5 V.

[0048] S6, filtering and regulating the analog voltage signal to obtain a voltage control signal; The voltage regulation circuit is used to remove high-frequency noise or fluctuations in the analog voltage signal, and at the same time, the amplitude of the analog voltage signal is adjusted to ensure that the numerical value and ripple range of the analog voltage signal meet the input requirements of the subsequent circuit to obtain a voltage control signal.

[0049] In one embodiment, the voltage regulation circuit uses a combination of an RC low-pass filter, a voltage follower, and a common-mode proportional amplifier. The analog voltage signal first passes through the RC low-pass filter circuit, which filters out the high-frequency noise output by the DAC; a voltage follower (buffer) is connected to the back end of the filter. The output voltage of the voltage follower is the same as the input voltage, but it can stabilize the signal and provide greater driving capability to adapt to the input requirements of the subsequent circuit; a common-mode proportional amplifier is connected to the back end of the voltage follower to amplify the analog voltage signal after filtering and buffering, so that the voltage is suitable as the input of the power amplifier to obtain a voltage control signal.

[0050] S7, amplifying the power of the voltage control signal, and driving the electrochromic film to adjust the light transmittance accordingly through the amplified voltage control signal; The power amplifier circuit is used to receive the voltage control signal. The voltage and power of the voltage control signal are usually small and cannot directly drive the load. The power amplifier circuit needs to amplify the voltage control signal to a level that can drive the load and provide sufficient current and voltage to drive the electrochromic film to change the transmittance. In one embodiment, the power amplifier circuit has a current limiting protection mechanism to prevent the output current from exceeding the load's tolerance range; the power amplifier circuit has a short-circuit protection mechanism to ensure that the power amplifier is not burned when the load is short-circuited; the power amplifier circuit has an overheating protection mechanism to prevent the circuit from being damaged due to excessively high operating temperature.

[0051] In one embodiment, the power amplifier uses a push-pull amplifier circuit composed of dual operational amplifiers to generate positive and negative voltages capable of driving the electrochromic film. The push-pull circuit provides sufficient driving current through the cooperation of the upper and lower tubes, which is applied to both ends of the electrochromic film to adjust its transmittance accordingly.

[0052] The amplified voltage control signal is directly applied to the electrochromic film to change its light transmittance; The electrochromic film has a reversible color-changing property. When a positive voltage is applied to the electrochromic film, the material in the electrochromic film will be reduced, and the light transmittance of the film will increase; when a negative voltage is applied to the electrochromic film, the material will be oxidized, and the light transmittance of the film will decrease; once the applied voltage is removed, the electrochromic film will maintain its electrochemical state until the next voltage is applied; the light transmittance change of the electrochromic film is reversible and continuous, and can be bidirectionally and infinitely adjusted.

[0053] The analog voltage signal, the voltage control signal and the amplified voltage control signal are all bipolar voltage signals.

[0054] A photovoltaic sensing-driven automobile adaptive glass color-changing control device, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, it includes: a plurality of photovoltaic power generation films arranged at different positions of the car, a signal processing module, a driving module and a plurality of electrochromic films located at different positions of the car; Photovoltaic power generation films installed at different locations on the car are used to sense the intensity of light from different directions and output corresponding DC voltage signals; The signal processing module receives the DC voltage signal output by the photovoltaic power generation film, determines the direction and intensity of the strong light source, and generates a voltage control signal for controlling the light transmittance of each electrochromic film; The driving module controls the transmittance of the electrochromic film according to the voltage control signal output by the signal processing module, performs regional dynamic adjustment, and realizes regional transmittance adjustment of the front windshield and side window glass.

[0055] Further, the signal processing module includes a filtering circuit, a pre-stage voltage regulating circuit, an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), a microcontroller (MCU), a digital-to-analog converter (DAC) and a voltage regulating circuit; The filter circuit is used to filter the DC voltage signal output by the photovoltaic power generation film to remove noise and ripple; The pre-stage voltage regulation circuit is used to adjust the amplitude of the filtered DC voltage signal to near the rated input voltage of the subsequent circuit.

[0056] The analog-to-digital converter (ADC) is used to convert the filtered and regulated DC voltage signal into a digital signal to obtain a digitized voltage signal for use in subsequent circuits. The microcontroller (MCU) is used to determine whether the transmittance of the electrochromic film in the direction of the cockpit needs to be adjusted based on the digitized voltage signal output by the analog-to-digital converter. The judgment result is expressed and output as a digital signal to form a digital control signal: The digital-to-analog converter (DAC) is used to convert the digital control signal output by the microcontroller into a digital-to-analog signal to obtain an analog voltage signal; The voltage regulating circuit is used to adjust the amplitude of the analog voltage signal output by the digital-to-analog converter (DAC) and remove noise to obtain a voltage control signal; The driving module includes a power amplifier circuit; The power amplifier circuit performs power amplification on the voltage control signal output by the voltage regulating circuit, and applies the amplified voltage control signal to the electrochromic film to adjust the light transmittance accordingly; Further, it includes an energy storage power supply module for supplying power to each active circuit in the device; The energy storage power supply module includes a voltage converter, a battery and a bipolar power supply circuit; The bipolar power supply circuit is used to generate positive and negative polarity voltages, and serves as the power supply for the digital-to-analog converter, the voltage regulation circuit, and the power amplifier. The digital-to-analog converter, the voltage regulation circuit, and the power amplifier all need to generate bipolar voltages to drive the electrochromic film to adjust the transmittance, so they all need a bipolar power supply. At this time, the bipolar power supply circuit will generate appropriate positive and negative voltages to power the three.

[0057] The storage battery is used to store the excess power generated by the photovoltaic power generation film when there is sufficient sunlight, and to provide auxiliary power supply for the active circuit when the light conditions are insufficient for the active circuit to operate normally relying solely on the power generated by the photovoltaic power generation film; The voltage converter is used to convert the DC voltage signal generated by the photovoltaic power generation film to the rated power supply voltage required by the front-stage voltage regulation circuit, analog-to-digital converter, microcontroller, and bipolar power supply circuit when the light conditions are sufficient, and provide a unipolar DC power supply voltage for the front-stage voltage regulation circuit, analog-to-digital converter, microcontroller, and bipolar power supply circuit; and convert the bipolar DC voltage output by the bipolar power supply circuit to the rated power supply voltage required by the digital-to-analog converter, voltage regulation circuit, and power amplifier, and provide a bipolar DC power supply voltage for the digital-to-analog converter, voltage regulation circuit, and power amplifier.

[0058] In one embodiment, multiple DC-DC converters are used as voltage converters. When the lighting conditions are sufficient, the DC voltage signal generated by the photovoltaic film is adjusted to the rated power supply voltage required by each active circuit to supply power to it, and the excess electric energy is also stored in the battery after passing through the DC-DC converter. When the lighting conditions are not sufficient for the active circuit to work normally relying solely on the electric energy generated by the photovoltaic film, the battery adjusts the voltage to the rated voltage required by each active circuit through multiple DC-DC converters to provide auxiliary power supply for it.

[0059] In one embodiment, the bipolar power supply circuit uses the LT3580 bipolar power converter, which generates the required bipolar voltage output from a single positive power input to provide a stable bipolar power supply to drive a digital analog converter, a voltage regulation circuit, and a power amplifier.

[0060] The above embodiment is a specific implementation of the present invention. Any modification or improvement that does not deviate from the concept and basic method of the present invention shall be deemed to be within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic sensing driven automobile adaptive glass color change control method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, using photovoltaic power generation films installed at different locations of the car to sense the light intensity from different directions and generate a DC voltage signal; S2, filtering and regulating the DC voltage signal, and performing analog-to-digital conversion on the filtered and regulated DC voltage signal to obtain a digitized voltage signal; S3, the microcontroller determines whether it is necessary to adjust the transmittance of the electrochromic film located at different positions of the automobile according to the digitized voltage signal. If necessary, the microcontroller outputs a digital control signal and enters step S4, while continuing to perform the determination according to the digitized voltage signal received in step S2; if not necessary, the subsequent steps are not performed, while continuing to perform the determination according to the digitized voltage signal received in step S2; S4, performing digital-to-analog conversion on the digital control signal to obtain an analog voltage signal, filtering and voltage regulating the analog voltage signal to obtain a voltage control signal; S5, amplifying the power of the voltage control signal, and driving the electrochromic film to adjust the light transmittance accordingly through the amplified voltage control signal.

2. The photovoltaic sensing driven automobile adaptive glass color change control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, a filter circuit is used to optimize the DC voltage signal generated by the photovoltaic power generation film into a DC voltage signal without high-frequency components; The amplitude of the filtered DC voltage signal is adjusted to within a set voltage range using a pre-stage voltage regulation circuit.

3. The photovoltaic sensing driven automobile adaptive glass color change control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, it is determined whether the light transmittance of the electrochromic films at different positions of the vehicle needs to be adjusted according to the digitized voltage signal, as follows: Set up The digital voltage signal corresponding to the DC voltage signal emitted by the photovoltaic power generation film is , , is the number of photovoltaic films installed on the car, and the voltage corresponding to the maximum light intensity that the driver can accept without affecting normal driving is ; when When There is strong light in the direction of the cockpit where the photovoltaic film is located, and the transmittance of the electrochromic film in this direction needs to be lowered; Set a value lower than The hysteresis recovery threshold ,when When The strong light that appeared in the direction of the cockpit at the location of the photovoltaic power generation film has disappeared, and the light transmittance of the electrochromic film in this direction is restored to the value before the strong light appeared; when exist and When the temperature fluctuates between , the transmittance of the electrochromic film remains unchanged.

4. The photovoltaic sensing driven automobile adaptive glass color change control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, high-frequency noise or fluctuation in the analog voltage signal is removed, and the amplitude of the analog voltage signal is adjusted so that the value and ripple range of the analog voltage signal meet the requirements, thereby obtaining a voltage control signal.

5. The photovoltaic sensing driven automobile adaptive glass color change control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S5, the power amplifier circuit is used to receive the voltage control signal and amplify the voltage control signal to drive the electrochromic film to change the transmittance.

6. The photovoltaic sensing driven automobile adaptive glass color change control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The analog voltage signal, the voltage control signal and the amplified voltage control signal are all bipolar voltage signals.

7. A photovoltaic sensing-driven automobile adaptive glass color-changing control device, characterized in that include: Multiple photovoltaic power generation films and multiple electrochromic films located at different positions of the car, a signal processing module and a driving module; Multiple photovoltaic power generation films are installed at different locations on the car to sense the intensity of light from different directions and output corresponding DC voltage signals; Multiple electrochromic films located at different locations on the car are used to change the light transmittance at that location; A signal processing module, used to receive the DC voltage signal output by the photovoltaic power generation film, determine the direction and intensity of the strong light source, and generate a voltage control signal for controlling the transmittance of each electrochromic film; The driving module is used to control the light transmittance of the electrochromic film according to the voltage control signal output by the signal processing module, so as to achieve regional light transmittance adjustment.

8. The photovoltaic sensing driven automobile adaptive glass color changing control device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The signal processing module includes a filtering circuit, a pre-stage voltage regulating circuit, an analog-to-digital converter, a microcontroller, a digital-to-analog converter and a voltage regulating circuit; The filter circuit is used to filter the DC voltage signal generated by the photovoltaic power generation film, remove noise and ripples, and optimize it into a control signal without high-frequency components; The pre-stage voltage regulating circuit is used to adjust the amplitude of the filtered DC voltage signal to within a set voltage range; The analog-to-digital converter is used to convert the filtered and regulated DC voltage signal into a digital form to obtain a digitized voltage signal for use in subsequent circuits. The microcontroller is used to determine whether the transmittance of the electrochromic film in the direction of the cockpit needs to be adjusted according to the digitized voltage signal output by the analog-to-digital converter, and express and output the judgment result in a digital signal to form a digital control signal: The digital-to-analog converter is used to convert the digital control signal output by the microcontroller into digital-to-analog and obtain an analog voltage signal; The voltage regulating circuit is used to adjust the amplitude of the analog voltage signal output by the digital-to-analog converter and remove noise to obtain a voltage control signal.

9. The photovoltaic sensing driven automobile adaptive glass color changing control device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The driving module includes a power amplifier circuit; the power amplifier circuit amplifies the power of the voltage control signal output by the voltage regulating circuit, and applies the amplified voltage control signal to the electrochromic film to adjust the transmittance accordingly.

10. The photovoltaic sensing driven automobile adaptive glass color changing control device according to claim 8, characterized in that: It includes an energy storage power supply module for supplying power to each active circuit in the device; The energy storage power supply module includes a bipolar power supply circuit, a voltage converter and a battery; The bipolar power supply circuit is used to generate positive and negative polarity voltages, and provide bipolar DC power supply voltages for the digital analog converter, the voltage regulation circuit, and the drive module; The voltage converter is used to convert the DC voltage signal generated by the photovoltaic power generation film to the rated power supply voltage required by the front-stage voltage regulation circuit, analog-to-digital converter, microcontroller, and bipolar power supply circuit when the light conditions are sufficient, provide a unipolar DC power supply voltage for the front-stage voltage regulation circuit, analog-to-digital converter, microcontroller, and bipolar power supply circuit, and convert the bipolar DC voltage output by the bipolar power supply circuit to the rated power supply voltage required by the digital-to-analog converter, voltage regulation circuit, and drive module; The battery is used to store excess electrical energy generated by the photovoltaic film when there is sufficient sunlight, and to provide auxiliary power to the active circuit when the lighting conditions are insufficient for the active circuit to operate normally relying solely on the electrical energy generated by the photovoltaic film.

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