Elevator safety performance evaluation method based on multilevel fuzzy comprehensive evaluation

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of elevator fault prediction and evaluation, in particular to an elevator safety performance evaluation method based on multi-level fuzzy comprehensive evaluation, and the method comprises the following steps: collecting elevator related information before evaluation; performing on-site safety assessment; main risk factors are listed according to a field safety assessment result; issuing a safety assessment report according to a field safety assessment result; according to the elevator safety performance evaluation method based on multi-level fuzzy comprehensive evaluation, risk prediction and evaluation can be conducted on the safety performance of an old elevator, and personal injury caused by elevator faults can be prevented.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of elevator fault prediction and evaluation, and specifically relates to an elevator safety performance evaluation method based on multi-level fuzzy comprehensive evaluation. Background Art

[0002] After decades of rapid development, China's elevator market has become the world's largest elevator market: there are more than 10 million elevators in use, and more than 1 million elevators are manufactured each year. On the one hand, elevator technology is developing rapidly, and elevator safety standards are becoming more complete. On the other hand, during daily use, elevators may suffer from wear, aging, and rust of parts, which may cause performance degradation and failure risks, leading to increased elevator failures and even elevator accidents.

[0003] A large number of old elevators have problems such as low configuration level, high operation failure rate and prominent safety hazards during operation. In order to better prevent elevator failures and safety accidents, this paper proposes research and application of technical evaluation of safety performance of old elevators. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the problems that a large number of existing old elevators have low configuration levels, high operating failure rates and prominent safety hazards during operation, the present invention provides an elevator safety performance evaluation method based on multi-level fuzzy comprehensive evaluation, which can predict and evaluate the risks of the safety performance of old elevators and prevent personal injuries caused by elevator failures.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0006] An elevator safety performance evaluation method based on multi-level fuzzy comprehensive evaluation, the method steps are as follows:

[0007] Step 1: Collect elevator-related information before evaluation;

[0008] Step 2: Conduct an on-site safety assessment;

[0009] Step 3: List the main risk factors based on the results of the on-site safety assessment;

[0010] Step 4: Issue a safety assessment report based on the on-site safety assessment results.

[0011] Preferably, step 1 specifically includes: the preparation stage before the assessment, clarifying the object and scope of the safety assessment, preparing safety assessment instruments, collecting replacement parts records, repair records, elevator repair records, maintenance records, emergency rescue plans and drill records, safety education and training records of elevator safety management personnel, and confirming on-site safety protection measures.

[0012] Preferably, in step 2, the on-site safety assessment includes risk identification, selection of an assessment method for assessment and risk level assessment.

[0013] Preferably, the risk identification includes a division assessment unit and a risk source identification, which are used to identify the risk type of the current elevator.

[0014] Preferably, the selection of an assessment method for assessment is specifically: selecting an assessment method according to the result of risk identification, wherein the assessment method includes a qualitative assessment method, a quantitative assessment method and a multi-level analysis method;

[0015] The qualitative assessment method is used to assess the potential severity of harm from current risks;

[0016] The quantitative assessment method is used to assess the probability of the current risk occurring;

[0017] The multi-level analysis method uses a multi-layer comprehensive safety assessment model to integrate the risk levels of all factors of a certain component or area to obtain the risk level of this component. The overall risk level of the elevator system can be obtained by integrating the risk levels of all components.

[0018] Preferably, after step 4, closed-loop tracking management is performed and rectification is carried out according to the issued safety assessment report.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] The technical evaluation of elevator safety performance designed in this invention focuses on achieving the safety of the elevator system. It applies the principles and methods of safety system engineering and adopts risk assessment methods based on multi-level fuzzy comprehensive evaluation mathematical models to identify and analyze the dangerous factors existing in the elevator operation system in use. By qualitatively and quantitatively analyzing the potential dangerous factors that affect the safety of the elevator system, it predicts the dangerous sources, distribution locations, quantity, failure probability and severity in the elevator system, etc., which affect the safety status of the elevator system during its life cycle. In addition to being implemented according to methods such as statutory elevator periodic inspections, the technical evaluation of elevator safety performance also needs to be personalized and comprehensively evaluated and functionally tested based on three aspects: inconsistency with current safety technical specifications and standards, causes of elevator safety accidents in recent years, and elevator use environment and work level, and comprehensively analyze various factors such as the elevator's external, internal and environmental use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the logical structure of the present invention; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0023] See also Figure 1 , an elevator safety performance evaluation method based on multi-level fuzzy comprehensive evaluation, the method steps are as follows:

[0024] Step 1: Collect elevator-related information before evaluation;

[0025] Step 2: Conduct an on-site safety assessment;

[0026] Step 3: List the main risk factors based on the results of the on-site safety assessment;

[0027] Step 4: Issue a safety assessment report based on the on-site safety assessment results.

[0028] The following is further described in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention:

[0029] 1. Preparation

[0030] Clarify the object and scope of safety assessment, prepare safety assessment instruments, collect records of parts replacement and repair, elevator call-out records and maintenance records, emergency rescue plans and drill records, safety education and training records for elevator safety management personnel, and confirm on-site safety protection measures.

[0031] 2. On-site safety assessment

[0032] Risk identification is carried out according to the content and methods of elevator safety performance assessment. On the basis of risk identification and on-site assessment, the risk level and risk category are assessed according to the probability level and severity of injury.

[0033] The contents of elevator safety performance evaluation are as follows:

[0034] Table 1 Elevator safety performance evaluation content

[0035]

[0036]

[0037]

[0038]

[0039]

[0040] Rationally select qualitative, quantitative, multi-level and other safety assessment methods to conduct safety assessments on the probability level and severity of possible injuries in elevator systems and related processes.

[0041] The evaluation methods include qualitative evaluation method, quantitative evaluation method and multi-level analysis method;

[0042] The qualitative assessment method is as follows:

[0043] The severity of the injury should be estimated taking into account the most serious (credible worst case) injury that could actually occur in a dangerous event, and should comprehensively consider factors such as casualties, direct economic losses, indirect economic losses caused by shutdowns and repairs of the user unit, and the impact on human health, the environment, or society. It should also be judged in combination with the provisions of relevant laws and regulations and expert experience. The severity of the injury can be divided into four levels: non-serious, serious, relatively minor, and slight, as shown in Table 2.

[0044] Table 2 Injury severity

[0045]

[0046] The quantitative evaluation method is as follows:

[0047] The probability of injury should be based on the results of reliability tests, relevant accident statistics, historical elevator failures, and comparisons with equipment of similar types and use environments, with a focus on the severity of the defects of the elevator itself. At the same time, the probability of injury caused by hazards, the life cycle stage, the probability of personnel being exposed to hazards, the control of hazards to avoid or limit the possibility of such injuries, and other factors should be considered comprehensively, and judgments should be made in combination with the provisions of relevant laws and regulations and expert experience. As shown in Table 3, the probability of injury is divided into six levels: frequent, likely, occasional, rare, unlikely, and almost impossible, based on the possibility of risks and risk sources causing corresponding accidents during the service life.

[0048] Table 3 Probability level of injury occurrence

[0049] Probability level illustrate A—Frequent It is likely to occur frequently during the service life B—Very likely It is likely to happen multiple times during the service life C—Occasionally It is likely to occur at least once during its service life D—Very Rare Not necessarily within the service life E—Unlikely Not likely to occur during the service life F—Almost impossible The probability of occurrence during the service life is basically zero

[0050] According to the severity of the injury and its probability level, the risk matrix method can be used to determine the risk level of each assessment item, and then determine the risk category. The risk level and risk category assessment tables are shown in Table 4 and Table 5. Through risk assessment, it is determined whether the identified risks need to take risk response measures and the priority of the risk response measures.

[0051] Table 4 Risk Levels

[0052]

[0053]

[0054] Table 5 Risk categories

[0055]

[0056] Raising risks

[0057] Based on the results of the above risk identification, analysis and evaluation, the safety risks of elevator use management, maintenance and equipment itself are summarized, and then corresponding risk response measures are proposed to reduce risks.

[0058] For safety risks in usage management projects and maintenance projects, improvement suggestions can be made based on documents such as the "Special Equipment Use Management Rules" (TSG 08-2017) and the "Elevator Maintenance Rules" (TSG T5002-2017).

[0059] For items related to the equipment itself, the non-compliant items that pose risks to the elevator are classified: items marked with A are items that must be complied with in the old inspection regulations, items marked with B are items added to the new inspection regulations, and unmarked items are items that pose risks of wear and aging.

[0060] The risk level of each factor can be obtained based on the single-factor elevator safety assessment method. By applying the multi-layer comprehensive safety assessment model method, the risk level of all factors in a certain component or area can be combined to obtain the risk level of this component. The overall risk level of the elevator system can be obtained by combining the risk levels of all components.

[0061] In order to systematically identify the risk factors in the system, the inspection object - the elevator is taken as a system when setting the safety assessment content. The system is divided into several units or levels, the risk factors of each unit or level are listed, and then the safety assessment items are determined. That is, a hierarchical model of the elevator system safety assessment index system with a total score is established, and each inspection item is compiled into a table according to the composition order of the unit or level. The multi-level analysis process is described as follows.

[0062] a) Constructing the judgment matrix

[0063] The form of the judgment matrix is:

[0064]

[0066] Where b ij Indicates the relative importance of Bi to Bj.

[0067] b) Constructing the first-level indicator judgment matrix

[0068] The elevator body is divided into 10 indicators, namely "traction system U1, electrical control system U2, door system U3, car U4, weight balance system U5, guide system U6, suspension system U7, performance test U8, operating environment U9, hydraulic system U10", as the first-level indicator layer. According to the structural model of formula (1), the judgment matrix of the first-level indicators can be constructed as an 8×8 matrix, in the following format:

[0069]

[0070] The above process is quantified and Matlab software is used to program: [v, d] = eig (a) to solve the maximum eigenvalue λ of each judgment matrix max and max The corresponding eigenvector, W = v(:, 1) / sum(v(:, 1)) is normalized to become the weight vector ω.

[0071] The weights of the first-level indicators can be obtained, see Table 6.

[0072] Table 6 Weights of first-level indicators

[0073]

[0074]

[0075] For traction-driven elevators, only nine systems, U1 to U9, are evaluated. For hydraulic elevators, U10 replaces U1 and U5.

[0076] c) Calculation of weights of next level indicators

[0077] Some of the first-level indicators are further divided into second-level indicators according to actual conditions. The scoring of elevator components is carried out to the second-level subsystem. The weighting method is the same as above. For example, the weights of the second-level indicators with lower-level indicators in the traction system are shown in Table 7.

[0078] Table 7 Secondary index weights

[0079] serial number Subsystem Weight U11 Electric Motor 0.18 U12 Traction wheel, guide wheel 0.24 U13 reducer 0.14 U14 Brakes 0.38 U15 Couplings 0.06

[0080] The safety assessor evaluates each safety assessment indicator according to the above five safety rating levels, calculates the average value, and obtains the evaluation matrix R at each level. i . The evaluation matrix R of each level i Multiply by the weight vector ω of this layer i , that is, B i =ω i ·R i , the evaluation results of each level of the safety status evaluation system can be obtained. The final comprehensive evaluation score F of the elevator is calculated by recursive merging step by step, and the final safety level of the elevator or component can be determined to achieve quantitative safety technology evaluation. The overall level evaluation standard of the elevator safety level is shown in Table 8.

[0081] Table 8 Overall evaluation standard of elevator safety level

[0082]

[0083] 3. Issue the "Memorandum of Elevator Safety Performance Technical Evaluation"

[0084] List the main risk factors, point out the major risk factors that should be focused on in the elevator system and related processes, propose the safety measures that should be taken, communicate with the unit that entrusts the safety assessment, and issue a "Memorandum of Understanding on Technical Assessment of Elevator Safety Performance" to the entrusting unit.

[0085] 4. Time limit for issuing safety assessment reports

[0086] A safety assessment report will be issued within 15 working days based on the safety assessment results.

[0087] 5. Closed-loop management of evaluation results

[0088] a) Conduct closed-loop tracking management of the issued elevator safety performance technical evaluation reports, and the latest report should be issued before the next regular inspection of the elevator being evaluated.

[0089] Verify whether rectification has been completed before the inspection date.

[0090] b) If the entrusted unit has completed the rectification and reported it to our institute, each branch (department) shall arrange inspection personnel to go to the site within 5 working days

[0091] After the re-inspection, the commissioning unit shall again issue the "Memorandum of Work on Technical Evaluation of Elevator Safety Performance" to explain the re-inspection situation, and enter the re-inspection situation into the inspection management platform in a timely manner to ensure the closed loop of inspection data. If the commissioning unit fails to complete the rectification within the time limit specified in the "Memorandum of Work on Technical Evaluation of Elevator Safety Performance", each branch (department) shall enter the unrectified situation into the inspection management platform to ensure the closed loop of inspection data.

[0092] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for evaluating elevator safety performance based on multi-level fuzzy comprehensive evaluation, characterized in that: The method steps are as follows: Step 1: Collect elevator-related information before evaluation; Step 2: Conduct an on-site safety assessment; Step 3: List the main risk factors based on the results of the on-site safety assessment; Step 4: Issue a safety assessment report based on the on-site safety assessment results.

2. The elevator safety performance evaluation method based on multi-level fuzzy comprehensive evaluation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Step 1 is specifically as follows: during the preparatory stage before the assessment, the following are to clarify the object and scope of the safety assessment, prepare safety assessment instruments, collect records of replacement parts, repairs, elevator repair calls, maintenance records, emergency rescue plans and drills, safety education and training records for elevator safety management personnel, and confirm on-site safety protection measures.

3. The elevator safety performance evaluation method based on multi-level fuzzy comprehensive evaluation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step 2, the on-site safety assessment includes risk identification, selection of assessment methods and risk level assessment.

4. The elevator safety performance evaluation method based on multi-level fuzzy comprehensive evaluation according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The risk identification includes a division assessment unit and a risk source identification, which is used to identify the risk type of the current elevator.

5. The elevator safety performance evaluation method based on multi-level fuzzy comprehensive evaluation according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The selection of an assessment method for assessment is specifically: selecting an assessment method according to the result of risk identification, wherein the assessment method includes a qualitative assessment method, a quantitative assessment method and a multi-level analysis method; The qualitative assessment method is used to assess the potential severity of harm from current risks; The quantitative assessment method is used to assess the probability of the current risk occurring; The multi-level analysis method uses a multi-layer comprehensive safety assessment model to integrate the risk levels of all factors of a certain component or area to obtain the risk level of this component. The overall risk level of the elevator system can be obtained by integrating the risk levels of all components.

6. The elevator safety performance evaluation method based on multi-level fuzzy comprehensive evaluation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: After step 4, closed-loop tracking management and rectification will be carried out based on the issued safety assessment report.

Images