A device and method for simulating lateral earth pressure of retaining structure

Abstract

The present application discloses a device and method for simulating the lateral earth pressure of a retaining structure. The device comprises a frame assembly and a plurality of simulation assemblies. Each of the simulation assemblies comprises a plurality of lateral earth pressure simulation assemblies. The lateral earth pressure simulation assemblies are arranged on the frame assembly. The lateral earth pressure simulation assemblies comprise elastic components. Each of the simulation assemblies is located on opposite sides of the retaining structure and applies pressure to the retaining structure through the elastic components. A physical model device is formed by combining the retaining structure, the simulation assembly and the frame assembly. The elastic components in the simulation assembly are used to effectively simulate the static earth pressure acting on the retaining structure, facilitating the analysis of the stress characteristics of the retaining structure, thereby guiding the optimized support design and solving the safety and stability problems of the foundation pit. The response of the simulation assembly is displayed in real time, which can be used as a teaching plan to intuitively demonstrate the principles of pile-soil interaction and the deformation principle of foundation pit excavation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of foundation pit support for construction, and in particular to a device and method for simulating the lateral earth pressure of a retaining structure. Background Art

[0002] In current construction, foundation pits are becoming larger, deeper, and feature more complex surrounding environments. These deep and large pits often experience large and complex deformations, and pile-soil interactions are more pronounced. The stress transfer and deformation between the retaining structure and the surrounding soil are in dynamic equilibrium, making foundation pit support design more difficult and leading to potential safety hazards in these deep and large pits.

[0003] Currently, calculation methods such as the elastic support method and the continuum finite element method are commonly used to analyze foundation pit support structures. In the elastic support method, the simplified retaining structure is a vertical elastic foundation beam, and a Winkel foundation spring is used on the inside of the structure. By solving the deflection curve differential equation, the structural deformation, support reaction, external horizontal resistance, and internal force of the structure are obtained. However, the fourth-order linear non-homogeneous deflection curve differential equation with constant coefficients is complex or even unsolvable, and the load on the rear side of the structure is applied according to the known active earth pressure, which is inconsistent with the actual pile-soil interaction. In the continuum finite element method, the calculation parameters are difficult to determine accurately. For different materials, appropriate constitutive models need to be used. The parameters of some advanced constitutive models often require special experiments to determine the parameters, which is a complicated process. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present application aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the present application proposes a device for simulating lateral earth pressure of a retaining structure, which can simulate pile-soil interaction under actual conditions in the form of a physical model.

[0005] The present application also proposes a method for simulating the lateral earth pressure of a retaining structure having the above-mentioned device for simulating the lateral earth pressure of a retaining structure.

[0006] According to the side soil pressure simulation device for a retaining structure in the first aspect of the present application, the side soil pressure simulation device for a retaining structure includes a frame assembly and a plurality of simulation assemblies, each of the simulation assemblies includes a plurality of side soil pressure simulation assemblies, the side soil pressure simulation assemblies are arranged on the frame assembly, the side soil pressure simulation assemblies include elastic components, each of the simulation assemblies is located on opposite sides of the retaining structure, and applies pressure to the retaining structure through the elastic components.

[0007] The device for simulating lateral earth pressure of a retaining structure according to the embodiment of the present application has at least the following beneficial effects: a physical model device is formed by combining a retaining structure, a simulation component and a frame component, so that the elastic components in the simulation component can effectively simulate the lateral earth pressure acting on the retaining structure, thereby facilitating the analysis of the force characteristics of the retaining structure, thereby guiding the optimized support design and solving the safety and stability problems of the foundation pit; the response of the simulation component is displayed in real time, which can be used as a teaching plan to intuitively demonstrate the principles of pile-soil interaction and the principles of foundation pit excavation deformation.

[0008] According to some embodiments of the present application, the lateral earth pressure simulation assembly also includes a cylinder and a resistance component, and the elastic component is arranged in the inner cavity of the cylinder; the first end of the resistance component is in the inner cavity of the cylinder and contacts the elastic component; the second end of the resistance component extends out of the cylinder and is used to contact the enclosing structure.

[0009] According to some embodiments of the present application, the elastic component is a nonlinear spring.

[0010] According to some embodiments of the present application, the outer diameter of the elastic component near the end is smaller than the outer diameter of the elastic component near the middle section, and the pitch of the elastic component near the end is smaller than the pitch of the elastic component near the middle section.

[0011] According to some embodiments of the present application, the frame assembly includes support frames located on opposite sides of the enclosing structure, the cylinder is provided with an extension component, and the cylinder is inserted into the support frame through the extension component so that the lateral earth pressure simulation assembly is slidably connected to the support frame.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present application, the simulation components are distributed up and down on the supporting frame.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the present application, the simulation component also includes a force transmission component and a connecting component, and the force transmission component is connected to each of the lateral earth pressure simulation components through the connecting component; the frame assembly includes a fixed frame, and the force transmission component is arranged on the fixed frame, and applies pre-pressure to the lateral earth pressure simulation component through movement.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the present application, the force transmission assembly includes a sensing component and a driving component, the sensing component is connected to the driving component and the connecting component, and the sensing component is used to monitor the axial force; the driving component is connected to the fixed frame, and the driving component is used to drive the simulation component close to the enclosing structure, or away from the enclosing structure.

[0015] According to the second embodiment of the present application, a method for simulating lateral earth pressure of a retaining structure is applied to the above-mentioned device for simulating lateral earth pressure of a retaining structure. The method for simulating lateral earth pressure of a retaining structure includes:

[0016] Strain gauges are pasted on the enclosure structure and arranged vertically along the depth direction;

[0017] Assembling a frame component and several simulation components into a retaining structure lateral earth pressure simulation device;

[0018] Determine the static earth pressure based on the length of the retaining structure and calculate the equivalent node load P N , get the required compression of the elastic component δ0-δ a , the simulated component moves toward the enclosure and compresses by δ0-δ a The displacement reaches the equivalent initial static earth pressure σ0;

[0019] The retaining structure side earth pressure simulation device is equipped with various sensors, which are connected to data acquisition equipment;

[0020] Perform excavation simulation and support simulation.

[0021] The method for simulating the side earth pressure of a retaining structure according to the embodiment of the present application has at least the following beneficial effects: a physical model device is formed by combining a retaining structure, a simulation component and a frame component, so that the elastic components in the simulation component can effectively simulate the static earth pressure acting on the retaining structure; excavation unloading is achieved by disassembling the local elastic component matrix, and then the simulation component will automatically adjust to monitor and record the complex stress and deformation conditions between the soil and the structure; the installation of the support is achieved by installing the elastic component, and the axial force changes of the support are monitored and recorded; the retaining structure side earth pressure simulation device can realize scaled testing, which is low-cost and economical, easy and quick to operate, and the simulation phenomenon can be observed intuitively.

[0022] According to some embodiments of the present application, performing excavation simulation and support simulation includes:

[0023] The lateral earth pressure simulation assembly uses nonlinear elastic components, and some lateral earth pressure simulation components are disassembled from top to bottom to form a unloading effect;

[0024] When the retaining structure is in the state of deviating from the lateral earth pressure simulation component, if the displacement of the elastic component is between the active limit displacement and the static earth pressure displacement, the pressure effect on the retaining structure is reduced. If the displacement of the elastic component is less than the active limit displacement, there is no pressure effect on the retaining structure. In actual engineering, there is no contact between the soil and the retaining structure, and cracks exist.

[0025] When the retaining structure is in the state of deflection toward the lateral earth pressure simulation component, if the displacement of the elastic component is between the static earth pressure displacement and the passive limit displacement, the pressure effect on the retaining structure increases. When the displacement reaches the ultimate passive limit displacement, the pressure effect on the retaining structure is the maximum.

[0026] The stiffness and depth of the simulated support are calculated according to the scale, and the simulation components are assembled at the depth of the simulated support. The lateral earth pressure simulation components use linear elastic components to simulate the constraint effect of the support.

[0027] Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be given in part in the description below, and in part will become obvious from the description below, or will be learned through practice of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the technical solutions disclosed in this application and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments disclosed in this application, they are used to explain the technical solutions disclosed in this application and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions disclosed in this application.

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a device for simulating lateral earth pressure of a retaining structure according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of the simulation components in the device for simulating the side earth pressure of a retaining structure according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of a lateral earth pressure simulation component in a lateral earth pressure simulation device for a retaining structure according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a front view of the elastic component in the device for simulating the side earth pressure of the retaining structure according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Figure 5 This is a characteristic curve diagram of the elastic component in the device for simulating the side earth pressure of the retaining structure according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 6 This is an exploded view of the device for simulating the side earth pressure of a retaining structure according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Figure 7 An exploded view of the simulation components in the device for simulating the lateral earth pressure of a retaining structure according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of excavation simulation in the method for simulating lateral earth pressure of a retaining structure according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of support simulation in the method for simulating lateral earth pressure of a retaining structure according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Figure 10 This is a monitoring data diagram of the side earth pressure simulation method of the retaining structure in the embodiment of this application.

[0039] Reference numerals:

[0040] Enclosure 100;

[0041] Frame assembly 200; support frame 201; transparent frame 202; base 203; fixed frame 204;

[0042] Simulation component 300; lateral earth pressure simulation component 301; elastic component 302; force transmission component 303; connection component 304;

[0043] First protective tube 401; second protective tube 402; interference component 403; rubber pad 404; extension component 405;

[0044] Sensing component 501; threaded push rod 502; end groove component 503; knob 504. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The following describes in detail embodiments of the present application. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present application and are not to be construed as limiting the present application.

[0046] In the description of this application, it should be understood that descriptions involving orientations, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limitations on this application.

[0047] In the description of this application, "several" means more than one, "plurality" means more than two, "greater than," "less than," and "exceed" are understood to exclude the number itself, while "above," "below," and "within" are understood to include the number itself. The use of "first" and "second" in the description is solely for the purpose of distinguishing technical features and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, implicitly specifying the number of the indicated technical features, or implicitly specifying the order of the indicated technical features.

[0048] In the description of this application, unless otherwise clearly defined, terms such as setting, installing, and connecting should be understood in a broad sense, and technicians in the relevant technical field can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above terms in this application based on the specific content of the technical solution.

[0049] In the description of this application, reference to the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in any appropriate manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0050] The present application uses pile-soil interaction to simulate the lateral earth pressure of the retaining structure. Pile-soil interaction refers to the process of mutual stress transfer and coordinated deformation between the pile and the surrounding soil. Due to the complex mechanical behavior of the soil, there is a complex coupling effect between the pile and the soil. The intuitive manifestation is that the lateral displacement of the pile and the lateral earth pressure it receives show a nonlinear relationship. The retaining structure refers to the retaining and protective structure used in projects such as foundation pits and cofferdams. It can be in the form of cast-in-place piles, mixing piles, steel sheet piles, and underground continuous walls. The force of the soil surrounding the retaining structure 100 acting on the surface of the structure is the lateral earth pressure.

[0051] like Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present application provides a device for simulating soil pressure on the side of a retaining structure. The device comprises a frame assembly 200 and a plurality of simulation assemblies 300. The frame assembly 200 is used to support each simulation assembly 300. During actual use, soil pressure is applied on opposite sides of the retaining structure 100. The device of the present application fully simulates the working environment of the retaining structure 100, and the simulation assemblies 300 apply pressure to the retaining structure 100 on opposite sides of the retaining structure 100.

[0052] In some examples, such as Figure 2 As shown, the enclosure structure lateral earth pressure simulation device includes several simulation components 300, and each simulation component 300 includes several lateral earth pressure simulation components 301. Specifically, each simulation component 300 includes three lateral earth pressure simulation components 301, and each lateral earth pressure simulation component 301 maintains a horizontal state.

[0053] The side earth pressure simulation assemblies 301 are disposed on the frame assembly 200 and have a specific position on the frame assembly 200. Since the simulation assemblies 300 are located on opposite sides of the enclosure 100, the side earth pressure simulation assemblies 301 are also located on opposite sides of the enclosure 100.

[0054] Furthermore, the lateral earth pressure simulation assembly 301 includes an elastic component 302 , and each lateral earth pressure simulation assembly 301 applies pressure to the retaining structure 100 through the elastic component 302 , thereby simulating the lateral earth pressure on the retaining structure 100 .

[0055] In some examples, such as Figure 3 As shown, the lateral earth pressure simulation assembly 301 further includes a cylinder. The cylinder comprises a first casing 401 and a second casing 402. The openings of the first casing 401 and the second casing 402 abut against each other, forming a relatively closed inner cavity within the cylinder. The elastic component 302 resides within the inner cavity of the cylinder. Specifically, within the cylinder, the second casing 402 is closer to the retaining structure 100 than the first casing 401.

[0056] Furthermore, the lateral earth pressure simulation assembly 301 further includes a resistance component 403 . The resistance component 403 is substantially formed into a rod-shaped structure, and the resistance component 403 has a first end and a second end.

[0057] At the same time, the first end of the resistance component 403 is in the inner cavity of the cylinder, and the first end of the resistance component 403 is provided with an end support plate. It can be understood that the shape of the end support plate is set according to the shape of the inner cavity of the cylinder, and the resistance component 403 contacts the elastic component 302 through the end support plate.

[0058] In addition, a hole is provided at the end of the second casing 402, and the second end of the abutment member 403 extends out of the casing along the hole, thereby forming a sliding connection between the abutment member 403 and the casing. The elastic member 302 transmits the elastic force to the abutment member 403, which then transmits the force to the retaining structure 100 through the second end of the abutment member 403, thereby simulating lateral earth pressure.

[0059] Specifically, in order to ensure that the contact relationship between the resistance component 403 and the enclosure structure 100 is more stable, a buffer component is provided at the second end of the resistance component 403. The buffer component can be a rubber pad 404. The rubber pad 404 is used to increase the friction between the resistance component 403 and the enclosure structure 100 to ensure that there will not be excessive dislocation and sliding during the force transmission process.

[0060] In some examples, the elastic component 302 is a nonlinear elastic component 302, specifically, a nonlinear spring. The nonlinear elastic component 302 can more accurately simulate the pressure of the side soil on the retaining structure 100, ensuring the simulation effect.

[0061] In some examples, such as Figure 4 As shown, when the elastic member 302 is a nonlinear spring, the outer diameter of the elastic member 302 near the ends is smaller than the outer diameter near the middle of the elastic member 302, thereby forming a "shuttle-shaped" structure with "small ends and a large middle." At the same time, the pitch of the elastic member 302 near the ends is smaller than the pitch of the elastic member 302 near the middle.

[0062] Furthermore, if Figure 4As shown in the figure, the nonlinear spring is a special-shaped spring with variable stiffness. The combined design of spiral shape, variable pitch and variable outer diameter can reflect the nonlinear relationship between load and displacement, thereby effectively simulating the nonlinear characteristics of soil deformation under stress. Figure 5 As shown, δ a is the active limit displacement, δ0 is the static earth pressure displacement, δ p is the passive limit displacement, P a is δ a The reaction force of the nonlinear spring under δ0, P0 is the reaction force of the nonlinear spring under δ0, P p is δ p The reaction force of the lower nonlinear spring.

[0063] Among them, the nonlinear characteristics are manifested in two stages: one stage is the hardening stage in which the stiffness increases with the displacement, which corresponds to the active stage of the soil, that is, Figure 5 The concave stage of the middle curve, during which the lateral earth pressure evolves from the active limit earth pressure to the static earth pressure with a trend of increasing difficulty in displacement; the other stage is the softening stage in which the stiffness decreases with increasing displacement, corresponding to the passive stage of the soil, that is, Figure 5 In the upward convex stage of the middle curve, during this process, the earth pressure evolves from the static earth pressure to the passive limit earth pressure with a trend of becoming increasingly easy to displace, and the overall curve presents an S-shaped nonlinearity.

[0064] It's worth noting that nonlinear springs offer advantages over linear springs because soil has complex mechanical properties, whereas linear springs are linearly elastic. Linear elasticity, which states that force and deformation are proportional, clearly fails to reflect actual behavior and cannot simulate soil. Nonlinear springs, due to their variable stiffness, exhibit a nonlinear relationship between load and displacement, making them more suitable for simulating soil's nonlinear properties. They offer excellent performance in optimizing foundation pit design and reflecting the principles of pile-soil interaction.

[0065] Specifically, nonlinear components may also adopt models such as rubber with variable stiffness and dampers that are related to the deformation amount.

[0066] In some examples, such as Figure 6 As described above, the frame assembly 200 includes support frames 201 located on opposite sides of the enclosure structure 100. The support frames 201 are placed upright and roughly form a plate-like structure. When each simulation component 300 is arranged on two support frames 201, each simulation component 300 is located on opposite sides of the enclosure structure 100.

[0067] Furthermore, the frame assembly 200 further includes two transparent frames 202 . The two supporting frames 201 and the two transparent frames 202 enclose a simulation space, and the enclosure structure 100 is located in the simulation space.

[0068] The transparent frame 202 is made of tempered glass, which has the characteristics of high strength and strong light transmittance, making it convenient for staff to visually observe changes in the enclosure structure 100 through the transparent frame 202 .

[0069] In addition, the frame assembly 200 also includes a base 203. Each supporting frame 201 and each transparent frame 202 are arranged on the base 203. There is a height-controllable rubber pad at the bottom of the base 203, which can keep the entire frame assembly 200 level and stable.

[0070] Specifically, the enclosure structure 100 is suspended on the top of the base 203 , and is located in the center of the simulation space without being fixed or contacted. During the entire process, the enclosure structure 100 only contacts and interacts with several lateral earth pressure simulation components 301 .

[0071] To ensure that the lateral earth pressure simulation assembly 301 can be mounted on the support frame 201, the support frame 201 is provided with a plurality of hole structures. Furthermore, the first cylinder is provided with an extension member 405 that extends away from the retaining structure 100. The lateral earth pressure simulation assembly 301 is inserted into the hole structures of the support frame 201 through the extension member 405, thereby achieving a sliding connection between the lateral earth pressure simulation assembly 301 and the support frame 201.

[0072] In some examples, the distribution of the hole structures on the support frame 201 determines the distribution of the earth pressure simulation assemblies 301 on each side. Specifically, the hole structures are distributed in a rectangular array on the support frame 201, so that the earth pressure simulation assemblies 301 on each side are distributed vertically on the support frame 201.

[0073] In some examples, such as Figure 7 As shown, the simulation component 300 further includes a force transmission component 303 and a connecting component 304 . The force transmission component 303 is connected to the soil pressure simulation components 301 on each side through the connecting component 304 .

[0074] At the same time, the frame assembly 200 also includes a fixed frame 204. The force transmission assembly 303 is disposed on the fixed frame 204 and is capable of moving toward or away from the retaining structure 100 on the fixed frame 204. As the force transmission assembly 303 approaches the retaining structure 100, the force transmission assembly 303 drives the earth pressure simulation assemblies 301 on each side connected to the connecting components 304 to approach the retaining structure 100, causing the earth pressure simulation assemblies 301 on each side to contact the retaining structure 100 and causing the elastic components 302 to deform. In other words, the force transmission assembly 303 is able to apply preload to the earth pressure simulation assemblies 301 on each side.

[0075] In some examples, the force transmission assembly 303 includes a sensing component 501 and a driving assembly. The sensing component 501 is threadedly connected to the connecting component 304 , and each extension component 405 is also threadedly connected to the connecting component 304 .

[0076] Furthermore, the driving assembly includes an end slot component 503 and a threaded push rod 502 and a knob 504 that are connected to each other. The end slot component 503 is connected to the sensing component 501 and is provided with a slot structure facing the threaded push rod 502 .

[0077] The threaded push rod 502 is threadedly connected to the fixed frame 204. A knob 504 is provided at the first end of the threaded push rod 502, and the second end of the threaded push rod 502 is inserted into the slot structure. The slot structure does not restrict the rotation of the threaded push rod 502. As the knob 504 and the threaded push rod 502 rotate, the threaded push rod 502 moves under the action of the threaded connection, thereby driving the simulation component 300 to move closer to the enclosure 100 or away from the enclosure 100.

[0078] In some examples, the monitoring components of this device include a sensing component 501, a strain sensor, and a displacement sensor. Specifically, the sensing component 501 is an S-type force sensor. The sensing component 501 is used to monitor the axial force transmitted by the connecting component 304. Several sensing components 501 are connected to a three-party data acquisition system to monitor electrical signals in real time.

[0079] Furthermore, the strain sensor uses a 2×3mm strain gauge closely attached to the surface of the enclosure structure 100, connected to a three-party data acquisition instrument, and monitors the vertical strain of the nodes on both sides of the enclosure structure 100 in real time.

[0080] At the same time, the displacement sensor uses a laser displacer and is connected to a three-party data acquisition instrument to monitor the horizontal displacement of the enclosure structure 100 in real time. The three-party data acquisition instrument is connected to a computer to record the force, strain and horizontal displacement data of the nodes of the enclosure structure 100.

[0081] Based on the above-mentioned device for simulating the lateral earth pressure of a retaining structure, various embodiments of the method for simulating the lateral earth pressure of a retaining structure of the present invention are proposed below.

[0082] The method for simulating the side earth pressure of a retaining structure can be applied to the above-mentioned device for simulating the side earth pressure of a retaining structure. The method for simulating the side earth pressure of a retaining structure includes but is not limited to step S110, step S120, step S130, step S140 and step S150.

[0083] In step S110 , strain gauges are attached to the enclosure structure 100 , and the strain gauges are arranged vertically along the depth direction.

[0084] In some examples, the retaining structure side soil pressure simulation device can be applicable to various types of structures, such as circular piles, square piles, U-shaped sheet piles, combined sheet piles, hollow tube piles, etc. The structural design height is the sum of the scaled calculation height and the redundant height, and the design thickness is the scaled calculation thickness.

[0085] Furthermore, the retaining structure 100 needs to be attached with strain gauges before being placed in the retaining structure side earth pressure simulation device, and the strain gauges are arranged vertically along the depth direction.

[0086] Step S120: assemble the frame assembly 200 and a plurality of simulation assemblies 300 into a device for simulating the lateral earth pressure of a retaining structure.

[0087] In some examples, the base 203 is first placed on a flat surface, followed by the support frame 201 and fixed frame 204. The enclosure 100 is then installed, and the lateral earth pressure simulation components 301 are supported by the support frame 201 to form a soil spring matrix. Each lateral earth pressure simulation component 301 is connected to the force transmission component 303, and the threaded push rod 502 is then secured via the fixed frame 204. Finally, the tempered glass is installed to connect all components and complete the device assembly.

[0088] Step S130: Determine the static earth pressure based on the length of the enclosure structure 100 and calculate the equivalent node load P N , and obtain the required compression amount δ0-δ of the elastic component 302 a , the simulated component 300 moves toward the enclosure 100 by a compression amount δ0-δ a displacement, reaching the equivalent initial static earth pressure σ0.

[0089] In some examples, the static earth pressure is determined based on the length of the enclosure 100 and the equivalent nodal load P is calculated. N , and obtain the required compression amount δ0-δ of the elastic component 302 a By tightening the knob 504 in the positive direction, the force transmission component 303 and the lateral earth pressure simulation component 301 are driven together to advance the displacement of the compression amount δ0-δ toward the retaining structure 100 a , achieving pre-compression of the enclosure structure 100. At this time, the load of the elastic component 302 is P0, reaching the setting of the equivalent initial state static earth pressure σ0.

[0090] Among them, δ a is the active limit displacement that the enclosure structure 100 can produce, and P0 is the displacement of the elastic component 302 at this displacement δ0-δ a The reaction force provided by the above equation is used to calculate the equivalent lateral earth pressure acting on the retaining structure 100, that is, the static earth pressure σ0.

[0091] Step S140: Various sensors are provided in the retaining structure side soil pressure simulation device, and the sensors are connected to data acquisition equipment.

[0092] In some examples, the sensing component 501 is in the force transmission assembly 303, the laser displacer is installed on the support frame 201, and the components used for sensing are all connected to a three-party data acquisition instrument, and the data is stored and displayed by a computer.

[0093] Step S150: performing excavation simulation and support simulation.

[0094] Additionally, in some examples, step S150 may include but is not limited to the following steps:

[0095] In step S210 , the lateral earth pressure simulation component 301 uses the nonlinear elastic component 302 to partially disassemble the lateral earth pressure simulation component 301 from top to bottom to generate a unloading effect.

[0096] In some examples, such as Figure 8 As shown, the local lateral soil pressure simulation component 301 and the force transmission component 303 are disassembled, and the force applied by the elastic component 302 simulates the lateral soil pressure. Excavating the soil layer is a process of unloading, and the soil layer is excavated from top to bottom. By loosening the knob 504 on the excavation side in reverse, the lateral soil pressure simulation component 301 and the force transmission component 303 deviate from the retaining structure 100, achieving the effect of unloading and achieving the purpose of excavating the soil layer.

[0097] When the lateral earth pressure simulation component 301 is unloaded, the entire physical model will quickly break the equilibrium state, and the remaining lateral earth pressure simulation components 301 will perform dynamic self-adjustment and eventually return to equilibrium. The dynamic equilibrium process is divided into two cases: step S220 and step S230.

[0098] Step S220, when the retaining structure 100 is in a state of deviating from the side soil pressure simulation component 301, if the displacement of the elastic component 302 is between the active limit displacement and the static soil pressure displacement, the pressure effect on the retaining structure 100 is reduced. If the displacement of the elastic component 302 is less than the active limit displacement, there is no pressure effect on the retaining structure 100. In actual engineering, it is manifested as no contact between the soil and the retaining structure 100, and cracks exist.

[0099] In some examples, when the retaining structure 100 is in a state of deviating from the lateral earth pressure simulation component 301, the elastic component 302 rebounds and is in the active stage. a and δ0, the pressure on the surface of the enclosure 100 decreases and is between P a and P0, which is equivalent to the lateral earth pressure, that is, between σ a and σ0; when the displacement is less than δ aWhen the elastic component 302 is completely restored to its original state, there will be no pressure on the surface of the enclosure structure 100. In actual engineering, there will be no contact between the soil and the structure, and cracks will exist.

[0100] Among them, δ a is the active limit displacement, δ0 is the static earth pressure displacement, δ p is the passive limit displacement, P a is δ a The reaction force of the lower elastic member 302, P0, is δ0. The reaction force of the lower elastic member 302, P p is δ p The reaction force of the lower elastic member 302, σ a is the equivalent active earth pressure, σ0 is the equivalent static earth pressure, σ p is the equivalent passive earth pressure.

[0101] Step S230, when the retaining structure 100 is in the state of biased side earth pressure simulation component 301, if the displacement of the elastic component 302 is between the static earth pressure displacement and the passive limit displacement, the pressure effect of the retaining structure 100 increases. When the displacement reaches the limit passive limit displacement, the pressure effect of the retaining structure 100 is the largest.

[0102] In some examples, when the retaining structure 100 is in a state of being biased toward the lateral earth pressure simulation component 301, the elastic component 302 will continue to be squeezed and enter the passive stage. p The pressure on the surface of the enclosure 100 increases and is between P0 and P p Between σ0 and σ p When the displacement reaches the limit δ p When the elastic component 302 cannot be compressed, the maximum pressure will be applied to the surface of the enclosure structure 100, that is, the passive earth pressure σ p .

[0103] Step S240 , calculating the stiffness and depth of the simulated support according to the scale, assembling the simulation component 300 at the depth of the simulated support, and the lateral earth pressure simulation component 301 using a linear elastic component 302 to simulate the constraint effect of the support.

[0104] In some examples, such as Figure 9 As shown, the device is applicable to cantilevered retaining structures and supported retaining structures. The stiffness and depth of the support are simulated according to the scale calculation; then the lateral earth pressure simulation component 301 and the force transmission component 303 are assembled at a certain depth, but the nonlinear elastic component 302 needs to be replaced with a linear spring with greater stiffness to simulate the restraining effect of the support.

[0105] In some examples, such as Figure 10As shown, physical signals are received by various sensors, and electrical signals are collected by a three-party data acquisition instrument, which are uniformly processed by a computer to reflect the horizontal displacement of the structure, the soil pressure on both sides, the shear force and bending moment of the retaining structure 100, and the axial force of the support in real time.

[0106] Wherein, H refers to the vertical depth of the retaining structure 100, δ is the horizontal displacement of the retaining structure 100, σ is the lateral earth pressure distribution on both sides of the retaining structure 100, Q is the shear force distribution of the retaining structure 100, and M is the bending moment distribution of the retaining structure 100.

[0107] In some optional embodiments, the functions / operations mentioned in the block diagram may not occur in the order mentioned in the operation diagram. For example, depending on the functions / operations involved, the two boxes shown in succession may actually be executed substantially simultaneously or the boxes can sometimes be executed in reverse order. In addition, the embodiments presented and described in the flow chart of the present application are provided in an exemplary manner for the purpose of providing a more comprehensive understanding of the technology. The disclosed method is not limited to the operations and logic flows presented herein. Optional embodiments are contemplated in which the order of the various operations is changed and the sub-operations described as a part of a larger operation are performed independently.

[0108] The embodiments of the present application have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present application is not limited to the above embodiments. Various modifications can be made within the scope of knowledge possessed by ordinary technicians in the relevant technical field without departing from the purpose of the present application. In addition, the embodiments of the present application and the features of the embodiments can be combined with each other unless there is a conflict.

Claims

1. A device for simulating lateral earth pressure of a retaining structure, characterized in that: include: Framework components; a plurality of simulation assemblies, each of which includes a plurality of lateral earth pressure simulation assemblies, each of which is disposed on the frame assembly and includes an elastic component, each of which is located on opposite sides of the retaining structure and applies pressure to the retaining structure through the elastic component; In which, the lateral earth pressure simulation component also includes a cylinder and a resistance component, the elastic component is arranged in the inner cavity of the cylinder; the first end of the resistance component is in the inner cavity of the cylinder and contacts the elastic component; the second end of the resistance component extends out of the cylinder and is used to contact the enclosing structure, the frame assembly includes a support frame on opposite sides of the enclosing structure, the cylinder is provided with an extension component, the cylinder is plugged into the support frame through the extension component, so that the lateral earth pressure simulation component is slidably connected to the support frame, the simulation assembly also includes a force transmission assembly and a connecting component, the force transmission assembly is connected to each of the lateral earth pressure simulation assemblies through the connecting component; the frame assembly includes a fixed frame, the force transmission assembly is arranged on the fixed frame, and applies pre-pressure to the lateral earth pressure simulation assembly through movement.

2. The device for simulating lateral earth pressure of a retaining structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic component is a nonlinear spring.

3. The device for simulating lateral earth pressure of a retaining structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer diameter of the elastic component near the end portion is smaller than the outer diameter of the elastic component near the middle portion, and the pitch of the elastic component near the end portion is smaller than the pitch of the elastic component near the middle portion.

4. The device for simulating lateral earth pressure of a retaining structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The simulation components are distributed up and down on the support frame.

5. The device for simulating lateral earth pressure of a retaining structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The force transmission component includes a sensing component and a driving component. The sensing component is connected between the driving component and the connecting component, and the sensing component is used to monitor the axial force; the driving component is connected to the fixed frame, and the driving component is used to drive the simulation component close to the enclosure structure or away from the enclosure structure.

6. A method for simulating the lateral earth pressure of a retaining structure, applied to the device for simulating the lateral earth pressure of a retaining structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: include: Strain gauges are pasted on the enclosure structure and arranged vertically along the depth direction; Assembling a frame component and several simulation components into a retaining structure lateral earth pressure simulation device; Determine the static earth pressure based on the length of the retaining structure and calculate the equivalent nodal load , get the required compression of the elastic component , simulating the amount of compression of components moving toward the enclosure displacement, reaching the equivalent initial static earth pressure ; The retaining structure side earth pressure simulation device is equipped with various sensors, which are connected to data acquisition equipment; Perform excavation simulation and support simulation.

7. The method for simulating lateral earth pressure of a retaining structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The excavation simulation and support simulation include: The lateral earth pressure simulation assembly uses nonlinear elastic components, and some lateral earth pressure simulation components are disassembled from top to bottom to form a unloading effect; When the retaining structure is in the state of deviating from the lateral earth pressure simulation component, if the displacement of the elastic component is between the active limit displacement and the static earth pressure displacement, the pressure effect on the retaining structure is reduced. If the displacement of the elastic component is less than the active limit displacement, there is no pressure effect on the retaining structure. In actual engineering, there is no contact between the soil and the retaining structure, and cracks exist. When the retaining structure is in the state of deflection toward the lateral earth pressure simulation component, if the displacement of the elastic component is between the static earth pressure displacement and the passive limit displacement, the pressure effect on the retaining structure increases. When the displacement reaches the ultimate passive limit displacement, the pressure effect on the retaining structure is the maximum. The stiffness and depth of the simulated support are calculated according to the scale, and the simulation components are assembled at the depth of the simulated support. The lateral earth pressure simulation components use linear elastic components to simulate the constraint effect of the support.

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