Slow-release composition for preventing and controlling mushroom mosquitoes as well as preparation method and application of slow-release composition

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of pesticides, and particularly relates to a slow-release composition for preventing and controlling mushroom mosquitoes as well as a preparation method and application of the slow-release composition. The abamectin and the clothianidin are compounded, the slow-release component and the carrier are combined to prepare the slow-release composition, and the slow-release composition can achieve the effect of one-time application and continuous action, that is to say, when mushrooms including auricularia polytricha are inoculated, mushroom mosquitoes in the whole growth period can be prevented and controlled by one-time application; the lasting period is long, and the composition is relatively safer to users and environmental organisms. Meanwhile, the sustained-release composition disclosed by the invention is in contact with the strain through a sustained-release film formed by the sustained-release components, so that the direct contact between the pesticide and the strain is avoided, the possible inhibition effect of the pesticide on the growth of the strain is greatly reduced, and the safety is higher. Furthermore, after the abamectin and the clothianidin are compounded according to the dosage ratio in the invention, the synergistic interaction effect is achieved, and meanwhile, the generation of pest resistance of pests is delayed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of pesticides, and particularly relates to a slow-release composition for preventing and controlling mushroom mosquitoes, and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Auricularia polytricha belongs to the genus Auricularia of the family Auriculariaceae. Its scientific name is Auricularia polytricha (Mont.) Sacc. It is also known as the ear, rough ear, yellow-backed ear or white-backed ear. It is distributed in tropical and subtropical areas and grows on dead branches or dry trunks. Compared with black fungus, the ear pieces of Auricularia polytricha are large, thick, rough and tough, hard and chewy, and have strong resistance to adversity and are easy to cultivate. Therefore, Auricularia polytricha has been widely cultivated in my country, especially in Fujian and Guangxi. However, in recent years, the mushroom mosquito has become increasingly serious, with the larvae mainly causing damage inside the ear outlet, which not only harms Auricularia polytricha, but also harms the mushroom sticks. Prevention and control by spraying pesticides on the surface has almost no effect, which has a great impact on the yield and quality of Auricularia polytricha.

[0003] Although there are some existing studies on the prevention and control of mushroom mosquitoes, such as the Chinese patent "A pyriproxyfen aqueous emulsion for preventing and controlling edible mushroom mosquitoes, preparation method and application" (application publication number: CN106719677A) and the patent "A dimethoate smoke agent for preventing and controlling edible mushroom mosquitoes" (application publication number: CN106614692A), the patent "A pyriproxyfen aqueous emulsion for preventing and controlling edible mushroom mosquitoes, preparation method and application" is a spray formulation. Since mushroom mosquito larvae are mostly located inside the ear opening, it is difficult for the sprayed agent to contact the pests, and the spray-type agent has a short lasting effect. When the mushrooms are produced, they cannot be sprayed due to concerns about pesticide residues, resulting in poor results in actual production. Compared with conventional spray agents, the patent "A dimethoate smoke agent for preventing and controlling edible mushroom mosquitoes" has a more thorough control effect on target pests, but it still has problems such as a short lasting effect and cannot be applied due to concerns about pesticide residues when the mushrooms are produced.

[0004] Therefore, there is still a lack of a non-residue pesticide with a long lasting effect and more thorough control of mushroom mosquitoes in the art. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a sustained-release composition for preventing and controlling mushroom mosquitoes, and a preparation method and application thereof. The sustained-release composition can effectively prevent and control mushroom mosquitoes and has the characteristics of good prevention effect, long lasting effect, safety and no residue.

[0006] The present invention provides a slow-release composition for controlling mushroom mosquitoes, wherein the slow-release composition comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0007] 0.1-0.2 parts of avermectin, 0.1-0.6 parts of clothianidin, 85-91 parts of carrier and 9-15 parts of sustained-release component.

[0008] Preferably, the sustained-release component comprises polyurethane resin and / or epoxy resin.

[0009] Preferably, the sustained-release composition is in the form of granules.

[0010] Preferably, the carrier of the granules is an inert sphere.

[0011] Preferably, the inert spheres include soil balls, and the particle size of the soil balls is 3 to 4 mm.

[0012] Preferably, the granules include a carrier, a drug layer and a sustained-release layer from the inside to the outside; the drug layer includes avermectin and clothianidin, and the sustained-release layer includes a sustained-release component.

[0013] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the sustained-release composition described in the above technical solution, comprising the following steps:

[0014] Avermectin and clothianidin are coated on the surface of a carrier to obtain a carrier coated with drugs;

[0015] The sustained-release component is wrapped on the surface of the carrier wrapped with the drug to obtain the sustained-release composition.

[0016] The present invention also provides the use of the sustained-release composition described in the above technical solution or the sustained-release composition prepared by the preparation method described in the above technical solution in one or more of preventing and controlling mushroom mosquitoes, increasing fungus yield and improving fungus quality.

[0017] Preferably, the mushroom mosquito control includes controlling the Auricularia auricularia mushroom mosquito; and the fungus includes Auricularia auricularia.

[0018] The present invention also provides a method for preventing and controlling Auricularia auricula mosquito, comprising the following steps:

[0019] When inoculating Auricularia auriculariae, applying a slow-release composition next to the Auricularia auriculariae strain;

[0020] The sustained-release composition is the sustained-release composition described in the above technical solution or the sustained-release composition prepared by the preparation method described in the above technical solution.

[0021] Beneficial effects:

[0022] The present invention provides a slow-release composition for preventing and controlling mushroom mosquitoes, and the slow-release composition comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.1-0.2 parts of avermectin, 0.1-0.6 parts of clothianidin, 85-91 parts of carriers and 9-15 parts of slow-release components. The present invention compounds avermectin and clothianidin, and combines the slow-release components and the carrier to prepare the slow-release composition of the present invention. The slow-release composition can achieve the effect of one-time application and continuous effect, that is, when mushrooms including hairy wood ear are inoculated, one-time application can prevent and control mushroom mosquitoes in the entire growth period, with a long lasting effect, and is relatively safer for users and environmental organisms. At the same time, the slow-release composition of the present invention contacts the strain through the slow-release film formed by the slow-release component, avoiding direct contact between the pesticide and the strain, greatly reducing the possible inhibitory effect of the pesticide on the growth of the strain, and having higher safety. Furthermore, after compounding avermectin and clothianidin according to the dosage ratio in the present invention, not only has a synergistic effect, but also delays the generation of insect resistance of pests. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required to be used in the embodiments are briefly introduced below.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a picture of a fungus stick with good mycelium growth in Example 1;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a picture of a fungus stick in Example 1 where the mycelium growth is poor and there are other fungi growing on it;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a comparison diagram of mushroom sticks with good mycelium growth and poor mycelium growth in the seven treatments in Example 1;

[0027] Figure 4 The following are the pictures of fungus sticks showing good mycelial growth in the three treatments of Agent 1, Agent 2 and blank control in Example 3;

[0028] Figures 5-6 This is a picture of a bacterial stick with miscellaneous bacteria treated with agent 3 in Example 3. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The present invention provides a slow-release composition for controlling mushroom mosquitoes, wherein the slow-release composition comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0030] 0.1-0.2 parts of avermectin, 0.1-0.6 parts of clothianidin, 85-91 parts of carrier and 9-15 parts of sustained-release component.

[0031] As an embodiment, the weight portion of the avermectin of the present invention is 0.1 to 0.15 parts. As an embodiment, the weight portion of the clothianidin of the present invention is 0.2 to 0.5 parts; as another embodiment, the weight portion of the clothianidin of the present invention is 0.3 to 0.4 parts. The present invention has a synergistic effect by compounding the weight portions of avermectin and clothianidin.

[0032] As an embodiment, based on the weight of the avermectin, the weight of the sustained-release component of the present invention is 10 to 14 parts; as another embodiment, the weight of the sustained-release component is 11 to 13 parts; as another embodiment, the weight of the sustained-release component is 11 to 12 parts. As an embodiment, the sustained-release component can be a polyurethane resin and / or an epoxy resin; as another embodiment, the sustained-release component is a polyurethane resin or an epoxy resin. The reason why the present invention selects polyurethane resin and / or epoxy resin as the sustained-release component of the sustained-release composition is that it can sustain the release of the medicinal ingredients without inhibiting the growth of mycelium, which is safer.

[0033] As one embodiment, the dosage form of the sustained-release composition of the present invention is a granule, that is, the carrier in the sustained-release composition is a granular carrier; as another embodiment, the carrier of the granule is an inert sphere; as another embodiment, the inert sphere can be a soil ball; as another embodiment, the particle size of the inert sphere is 3 to 4 mm, that is, the particle size of the soil ball is 3 to 4 mm.

[0034] As an embodiment, the structure of the granules is: from the inside to the outside, there are a carrier, a drug layer and a sustained-release layer, that is, the drug layer is a drug layer formed by avermectin and clothianidin on the surface of the carrier; the sustained-release layer is a sustained-release layer formed by the sustained-release component on the surface of the drug layer. Granules with this structure can prevent the strains from directly contacting the drug during administration, thereby avoiding the effects of the drug on the safety and growth of the strains.

[0035] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the sustained-release composition described in the above technical solution, comprising the following steps:

[0036] Avermectin and clothianidin are coated on the surface of a carrier to obtain a carrier coated with drugs;

[0037] The sustained-release component is wrapped on the surface of the carrier wrapped with the drug to obtain the sustained-release composition.

[0038] As an embodiment, the present invention prepares a mixed powder from avermectin and clothianidin; the method for preparing the powder has no special requirements, and the conventional preparation process of pesticide powder in the art can be used. As an embodiment, more than 90wt.% of the mixed powder can pass through a 325-mesh sieve to ensure the encapsulation rate when the agent is subsequently encapsulated, while avoiding the loss caused by too fine powder.

[0039] After obtaining the powder, the present invention wraps the mixed powder on the surface of a carrier to obtain a carrier wrapped with the drug. As an embodiment, the method of wrapping the powder on the surface of the carrier is to wrap the powder while rolling a disc.

[0040] The carrier wrapped with the medicine is obtained, and the present invention wraps the sustained-release component on the surface of the carrier wrapped with the medicine to obtain the sustained-release composition. As an embodiment, the method of wrapping the sustained-release component on the surface of the carrier wrapped with the medicine is to wrap the sustained-release component while rolling the disc.

[0041] The present invention also provides the use of the sustained-release composition described in the above technical solution or the sustained-release composition prepared by the preparation method described in the above technical solution in one or more of controlling mushroom mosquitoes, increasing fungal yield and improving fungal quality. As an embodiment, the mushroom mosquito control includes controlling Auricularia auricularia. As an embodiment, the fungus is Auricularia auricularia.

[0042] The present invention also provides a method for preventing and controlling Auricularia auricula mosquito, comprising the following steps:

[0043] When inoculating Auricularia auriculariae, the sustained-release composition is applied next to the Auricularia auriculariae strains; the sustained-release composition is the sustained-release composition described in the above technical solution or the sustained-release composition prepared by the preparation method described in the above technical solution. As an embodiment, the application amount of the sustained-release composition is 1 to 2 grains next to each strain.

[0044] The present invention compounds avermectin and clothianidin, and combines the slow-release component and the carrier to prepare the slow-release composition of the present invention. After compounding avermectin and clothianidin according to the dosage ratio of the present invention, not only a synergistic effect is achieved, but also the generation of insect resistance of pests is delayed. At the same time, the slow-release composition of the present invention can achieve the effect of one-time application and continuous effect, that is, when mushrooms including hairy wood ear are inoculated, one-time application can prevent and control mushroom mosquitoes in the entire growth period, the lasting effect is long, and it is relatively safer for users and environmental organisms, and it is easy to use. Furthermore, the slow-release composition of the present invention contacts the strain through the slow-release film formed by the slow-release component, avoids the direct contact between the pesticide and the strain, greatly reduces the possible inhibitory effect of the pesticide on the growth of the strain, and has higher safety.

[0045] In order to further illustrate the present invention, the technical solution provided by the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the protection scope of the present invention.

[0046] Note: The total content of pesticides in the examples is within 1%. There is a certain loss during production and processing, so the mass of the pesticides is not calculated when calculating the total weight. The error of the content of the active ingredient of the pesticides produced by the method of the present invention is within 5%, which meets the relevant standards of national pesticide granules.

[0047] Example 1

[0048] Six granules of 0.05wt.% avermectin, 0.05wt.% avermectin benzoate, 0.05wt.% diazinon, 0.05wt.% phoxim, 0.05wt.% clothianidin and 0.05wt.% imidacloprid were prepared respectively:

[0049] First, 1000 kg of soil was processed into soil balls with a particle size of 4±0.4 mm, and then 500 g of avermectin, 500 g of avermectin benzoate, 500 g of diazinon, 500 g of phoxim, 500 g of clothianidin and 500 g of imidacloprid were processed into powders and coated on the surface of the soil ball particles, thereby obtaining six kinds of granules prepared from the above agents.

[0050] With reference to the "Guidelines for Field Efficacy Tests of Pesticides", the product was tested in a hairy fungus cultivation greenhouse in Rongshui County, Liuzhou, Guangxi. The variety was hairy fungus No. 42, which has been cultivated locally for many years. The production process of bagged fungus is as follows: mushroom bag production - sterilization - inoculation - mushroom cultivation - ear management - harvesting.

[0051] There were seven treatments including the above six granules and a blank control, 200 mushroom sticks in each treatment, and four repetitions. The above six agents were inoculated into the mushroom sticks together with the strains (i.e. one agent was one treatment), and 2 granules of the above agents were applied next to each strain, and only once a season.

[0052] After 50 days of inoculation, the mycelium of the three treatments of avermectin, clothianidin and blank control grew well ( Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, in Figure 1 In the figure, the left bacterial stick is the one treated with avermectin, and the right bacterial stick is the one treated with clothianidin). The growth of other mycelia is inhibited to varying degrees, and some are already covered with other bacteria ( Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, in Figure 2 The upper middle mushroom stick is the one that was fertilized with diazinon, and the lower mushroom stick is the one that was fertilized with phoxim; Figure 3This is a comparison chart of the mushroom sticks treated with avermectin and clothianidin and the mushroom sticks treated with diazinon and phoxim), indicating that except for avermectin and clothianidin, other agents are not very safe for the fungus and are not suitable for direct use in the production of Auricularia auricula.

[0053] Example 2

[0054] This test was conducted with reference to NY / T 1154.6-2006 Guidelines for Indoor Bioassay Tests of Pesticides. Insecticides. Part 6: Insecticide Activity Test - Insect Immersion Method and NY / T 1154.7-2006 Guidelines for Indoor Bioassay Tests of Pesticides. Insecticides. Part 7: Determination of Combined Action of Mixtures.

[0055] The test agents are avermectin technical, clothianidin technical and solvent acetone. When preparing the drugs, appropriate amounts of avermectin technical and clothianidin technical are weighed with an electronic balance, dissolved with a small amount of acetone, and fixed to volume to prepare the mother solutions of the two drugs. Based on the preliminary test, the mother solutions are diluted with a 0.1% Tween-80 aqueous solution, and the single agent and the mixed preparation are prepared into 5 series of mass concentration gradient drug solutions in Table 1 for use.

[0056] Table 1 Concentrations of clothianidin, avermectin and their mixed preparations

[0057]

[0058] Using the insect immersion method, 30 healthy and disease-free test insects (2-year-old mushroom mosquito larvae) of uniform size were placed in an insect immersion cage, and then immersed in the corresponding liquid for 5 seconds and then taken out, and each treatment was repeated four times; the excess liquid was absorbed with filter paper, and after the liquid was naturally dried, the test insects were placed in a breeding box with fresh hairy fungus, and placed in an incubator at 25±1℃ and a relative humidity of 95%. A distilled water solution containing 0.1% Tween-80 was used as a blank control. 48 hours after treatment, the total number of insects and the number of dead insects in each treatment were observed and recorded respectively. The judgment of dead insects was based on whether the insect body did not move when the brush was lightly touched.

[0059] Using the data processing system (DPS) and Excel and other software, the toxicity regression equation of each drug was established and the LC of each drug was calculated. 50 The Sun Yunpei method (1960) was used to evaluate the synergistic effect of the mixture, and the measured toxicity index of the mixture and the co-toxicity coefficient (CTC) were calculated. The CTC value was used to judge the combined toxicity of the two agents. A CTC value less than 80 was an antagonistic effect, greater than 120 was a synergistic effect, and between 80 and 120 was an additive effect. The data are shown in Tables 2 and 3.

[0060] Table 2 Regression equations and median lethal concentrations of the tested agents to larvae of mushroom mosquitoes

[0061]

[0062]

[0063] Table 3 Co-toxicity coefficients of the tested pesticides to the larvae of the mushroom mosquito

[0064] Pharmacy <![CDATA[LC 50 (mg / L)]]> Measured toxicity index Theoretical toxicity index Co-toxicity coefficient Clothianidin 3.52 29.94 / / Avermectin 1.06 100.00 / / Mixture No. 1 2.26 46.68 43.95 106.2 Mixture No. 2 1.75 60.38 47.45 127.2 Mixture No. 3 1.49 70.91 53.29 133.1 Mixture No. 4 1.33 79.45 64.97 122.3 Mixture No. 5 1.26 83.98 76.65 109.6

[0065] It can be concluded from Table 2 and Table 3 that the co-toxicity coefficient (CTC) of mixtures 2, 3 and 4 of the five mixtures of avermectin and clothianidin tested in this experiment to mushroom mosquito larvae is greater than 120, showing a significant synergistic effect, indicating that the combination of avermectin and clothianidin can significantly improve the efficacy. Taking into account the synergistic effect, toxicity and economy, the weight ratio of clothianidin: avermectin = (1-3): 1 was selected to develop the product.

[0066] Example 3

[0067] 1. Agent 1: 0.2% Avermectin·Clothianidin (avermectin 0.1%, clothianidin 0.1%) sustained-release granules; taking the production of 1000 kg as an example, the preparation steps are as follows: a) 900 kg of soil is first processed into soil balls with a particle size of 4±0.4 mm, and then 1000 g of avermectin and 1000 g of clothianidin are processed into powders and coated on the surface of the soil ball particles; b) then 100 kg of polyurethane resin film is coated on the surface of a) particles (4 parts by weight of polymethylene polyphenyl polyisocyanate and 10 parts by weight of castor oil (hydroxyl value of 163) are weighed and mixed, and the polyurethane resin used in the following examples is the same), and the desired sustained-release granules are obtained.

[0068] 2. Agent 2: 0.2% Avermectin·Clothianidin (avermectin 0.1%, clothianidin 0.1%) sustained-release granules; taking the production of 1000kg as an example, the preparation steps are as follows: a) firstly process 900kg of soil into soil balls with a particle size of 4±0.4mm, and then process 1000g of avermectin and 1000g of clothianidin into powder and wrap them on the surface of the soil ball particles; b) then wrap 100kg of epoxy resin film (E-44 epoxy resin, molecular weight is 454, the same below) on the surface of a) particles to obtain the desired sustained-release granules.

[0069] 3. Agent 3: 0.2% Avermectin·Clothianidin (avermectin 0.1%, clothianidin 0.1%) sustained-release granules; taking the production of 1000kg as an example, the preparation steps are as follows: a) firstly process 900kg of soil into soil balls with a particle size of 4±0.4mm, then process 1000g of avermectin and 1000g of clothianidin into powder and wrap them on the surface of the soil ball particles; b) then wrap 100kg of modified sulfur on the surface of the particles in a) to obtain the desired sustained-release granules; wherein the preparation method of the modified sulfur is: a mixture of sulfur and 5% of the mass of sulfur polyethylene wax (molecular weight of 2500-3000).

[0070] With reference to the "Guidelines for Field Efficacy Tests of Pesticides", the agents 1, 2 and 3 were tested in a hairy fungus cultivation greenhouse in Rongshui County, Liuzhou, Guangxi. The variety was hairy fungus No. 42, which has been cultivated locally for many years. The production process of bagged fungus is as follows: mushroom bag production-sterilization-inoculation-cultivation-ear management-harvesting. Set up four treatments of the above-mentioned agent 1, agent 2, agent 3 and blank control, each treatment has 200 mushroom sticks, 4 repetitions, the above-mentioned agents and strains are inoculated into the mushroom sticks together, and 2 tablets of the above-mentioned agent are applied next to each strain, and only once a season.

[0071] After 50 days of inoculation, the mycelium growth of the three treatments of Agent 1, Agent 2 and blank control was good ( Figure 4 As shown, from top to bottom, the first and second ones are the mushroom sticks treated with agent 1, the third one is the mushroom stick treated with agent 2, and the fourth and fifth ones are blank controls). The mycelium growth of agent 3 is poor, and some of them are covered with miscellaneous bacteria ( Figures 5-6 As shown), it means that the modified sulfur in agent 3 is not safe for bacteria and is not suitable for use.

[0072] Example 4

[0073] 1. Agent 1: 0.2% Avermectin·Clothianidin (avermectin 0.1%, clothianidin 0.1%) sustained-release granules; taking the production of 1000kg as an example, the preparation steps are as follows: a) firstly process 850kg of soil into soil balls with a particle size of 4±0.4mm, and then process 1000g of avermectin and 1000g of clothianidin into powders and wrap them on the surface of the soil ball particles; b) then wrap 150kg of polyurethane resin film on the surface of the particles in a) to obtain the desired sustained-release granules.

[0074] 2. Agent 2, 0.2% Avermectin·Clothianidin (avermectin 0.1%, clothianidin 0.1%) granules; taking the production of 1000kg as an example, the preparation steps are as follows: first, 1000kg of soil is processed into soil balls with a particle size of about 4±0.4mm, and then 1000g of avermectin and 1000g of clothianidin are processed into powders and coated on the surface of the soil ball particles to obtain the product.

[0075] With reference to the "Guidelines for Field Efficacy Tests of Pesticides", the product was tested in a hairy fungus cultivation greenhouse in Rongshui County, Liuzhou, Guangxi. The variety was hairy fungus No. 42, which has been cultivated locally for many years. The production process of bagged fungus is as follows: mushroom bag production-sterilization-inoculation-cultivation-ear management-harvesting, in which plastic nail strains were used for inoculation. The field test referred to the "Guidelines for Field Efficacy Tests of Pesticides". Three nail strains were inoculated on each mushroom stick. Three treatments were set up, namely the above-mentioned agent 1, agent 2 and blank control. Each treatment had 200 mushroom sticks and was repeated 4 times. The above-mentioned agent and nail strain were inoculated into the mushroom stick together. Two tablets of the above-mentioned agent were applied next to each strain. It was applied only once a season, and the inoculation port was the ear port.

[0076] When the second batch of black fungus was harvested 121 days after inoculation, the control effects of Agent 1 and Agent 2 were 91.5% and 78.3% respectively; the average yield per stick of Agent 1 was 0.78 catties, the average yield per stick of Agent 2 was 0.61 catties, and the yield of the blank control was 0.59 catties. The yield increase rate of Agent 1 relative to the blank control was 32.2%, and the yield increase rate of Agent 2 was 3.39%. The reasons for the low yield increase rate of Agent 2 are: first, the control effect on mushroom mosquitoes is low, and second, Agent 2 may have a certain effect on the growth of mycelium.

[0077] Example 5

[0078] 1. Agent 1: 0.8% Avermectin·Clothianidin (avermectin 0.2%, clothianidin 0.6%) sustained-release granules; taking the production of 1000kg as an example, the preparation steps are as follows: a) firstly process 900kg of soil into soil balls with a particle size of 3±0.3mm, then process 2000g of avermectin and 6000g of clothianidin into powder and wrap them on the surface of the soil ball particles; b) then wrap 100kg of polyurethane resin film on the surface of a) particles to obtain the desired sustained-release particles.

[0079] 2. Agent 2: 0.8% Avermectin·Clothianidin (avermectin 0.2%, clothianidin 0.6%) granules; taking the production of 1000kg as an example, the preparation steps are as follows: first, 1000kg of soil is processed into soil balls with a particle size of about 3±0.3mm, and then 2000g of avermectin and 6000g of clothianidin are processed into powders and coated on the surface of the soil ball particles to obtain the product.

[0080] With reference to the "Guidelines for Field Efficacy Tests of Pesticides", the product was tested in a hairy fungus cultivation greenhouse in Rongshui County, Liuzhou, Guangxi. The variety was hairy fungus No. 42, which has been cultivated locally for many years. The production process of bagged fungus is as follows: mushroom bag production-sterilization-inoculation-cultivation-ear management-harvesting, in which plastic nail strains were used for inoculation. The field test referred to the "Guidelines for Field Efficacy Tests of Pesticides". Two nail strains were inoculated on each mushroom stick. Three treatments were set up, namely the above-mentioned agent 1, agent 2 and blank control. Each treatment had 200 mushroom sticks and was repeated 4 times. The above-mentioned agent and nail strain were inoculated into the mushroom stick together. One tablet of the above-mentioned agent was applied next to each strain. It was applied only once a season, and the inoculation port was the ear port.

[0081] When the second batch of black fungus was harvested 127 days after inoculation, the protective effects of agent 1 and agent 2 were 98.8% and 85.5% respectively; the average yield per stick of agent 1 was 0.76 catties, the average yield per stick of agent 2 was 0.51 catties, and the yield of the blank control was 0.62 catties. The yield increase rate of agent 1 relative to the blank control was 22.6%, and the yield of agent 2 was lower than that of the blank control. The main reason was that agent 2 may have a certain effect on the growth of mycelium during spawning, and the mycelium grew poorly. The bad stick rate reached 15.5% among 200 mushroom sticks. It may be that the high content of avermectin and clothianidin directly contacted the fungus, which had a certain inhibitory effect on the mycelium.

[0082] Example 6

[0083] 0.3% Avermectin·Clothianidin (avermectin 0.1%, clothianidin 0.2%) sustained-release granules, taking the production of 1000kg as an example, the preparation steps are as follows: a) firstly process 940, 910, 880, 850, 820kg of soil into soil balls with a particle size of 4±0.4mm, and then process 1000g of avermectin and 2000g of clothianidin into powders and wrap them on the surface of the soil ball particles; b) then wrap 60, 90, 120, 150, 180kg of epoxy resin or 60, 90, 120, 150, 180kg of polyurethane resin on the surface of the particles in a) to obtain the required sustained-release granules, a total of 10 treatments.

[0084] With reference to the "Guidelines for Field Efficacy Tests of Pesticides", the product was tested in a hairy fungus cultivation greenhouse in Rongshui County, Liuzhou, Guangxi. The variety was hairy fungus No. 42, which has been cultivated locally for many years. The production process of bagged fungus is as follows: mushroom bag production-sterilization-inoculation-cultivation-ear management-harvesting, in which plastic nail strains were used for inoculation. The field test referred to the "Guidelines for Field Efficacy Tests of Pesticides". Each mushroom stick was inoculated with two nail strains. There were 11 treatments with the above-mentioned agents and blank controls, 200 mushroom sticks per treatment, and 4 repetitions. The above-mentioned agents and nail strains were inoculated into the mushroom sticks together, and one of the above-mentioned agents was applied next to each strain. It was only applied once a season, and the inoculation port was the ear port.

[0085] When the third batch of black fungus was harvested 154 days after inoculation, the black fungus treated with 90-150kg of epoxy resin or polyurethane resin had no worm holes and were of relatively good quality. The black fungus treated with 60 and 180kg of epoxy resin or polyurethane resin had some worm holes and were of relatively poor quality, and had poor efficacy in preventing mushroom mosquitoes. The reason for this result may be that the sustained-release component is too low or too high, resulting in poor efficacy in the later stage.

[0086] Example 7

[0087] 0.3% Avermectin·Clothianidin (avermectin 0.1%, clothianidin 0.2%) sustained-release granules; taking the production of 1000kg as an example, the preparation steps are as follows: a) firstly process 910kg of soil into soil balls with a particle size of 4±0.4mm, and then process 1000g of avermectin and 2000g of clothianidin into powders and wrap them on the surface of the soil ball particles; b) then wrap 90kg of epoxy resin film on the surface of the particles in a) to obtain the desired sustained-release granules.

[0088] With reference to the "Guidelines for Field Efficacy Tests of Pesticides", the slow-release granules were tested in a hairy fungus cultivation greenhouse in Rongshui County, Liuzhou, Guangxi. The variety was hairy fungus No. 42, which has been cultivated locally for many years. The production process of bagged fungus is as follows: mushroom bag production-sterilization-inoculation-cultivation-ear management-harvesting, in which plastic nail strains were used for inoculation. The field test referred to the "Guidelines for Field Efficacy Tests of Pesticides". Each mushroom stick was inoculated with two nail strains. Two treatments were set up, the above-mentioned agent and blank control. Each treatment had 200 mushroom sticks, and was repeated 4 times. The above-mentioned agent and nail strains were inoculated into the mushroom sticks together. One tablet of the above-mentioned agent was applied next to each strain. It was applied only once a season, and the inoculation port was the ear port.

[0089] When the first batch of fungus was harvested 95 days after inoculation, the efficacy of the pesticide was 93.7%, the average yield per stick of the pesticide treatment was 0.63 catties, the yield of the blank control was 0.57 catties, and the yield increase rate of the pesticide treatment relative to the blank control was 10.5%. The fungus treated with the pesticide had no insect eyes and good quality. No pesticide residues were detected after a third-party residue test. 263 days after inoculation, the efficacy of the pesticide was investigated after the last batch of fungus was harvested and it was 90.7%. The average total yield per stick of the pesticide treatment was 1.87 catties, the total yield of the blank control was 1.65 catties, and the yield increase rate of the pesticide treatment relative to the blank control was 13.3%. The fungus treated with the pesticide had no insect eyes and good quality. No pesticide residues were detected after a third-party residue test.

[0090] Example 8

[0091] 0.4% Avermectin·Clothianidin (avermectin 0.1%, clothianidin 0.3%) sustained-release granules; taking the production of 1000kg as an example, the preparation steps are as follows: a) firstly process 850kg of soil into soil balls with a particle size of 3±0.3mm, and then process 1000g of avermectin and 3000g of clothianidin into powders and wrap them on the surface of the soil ball particles; b) then wrap 150kg of epoxy resin film on the surface of the particles in a) to obtain the desired sustained-release granules.

[0092] With reference to the "Guidelines for Field Efficacy Tests of Pesticides", the product was tested in a hairy fungus cultivation greenhouse in Rongshui County, Liuzhou, Guangxi. The variety was hairy fungus No. 42, which has been cultivated locally for many years. The production process of bagged fungus is as follows: mushroom bag production-sterilization-inoculation-cultivation-ear management-harvesting, in which plastic nail strains were used for inoculation. The field test referred to the "Guidelines for Field Efficacy Tests of Pesticides". Each mushroom stick was inoculated with two nail strains. Two treatments were set up, the above-mentioned agent and blank control. Each treatment had 200 mushroom sticks, and was repeated 4 times. The above-mentioned agent and nail strains were inoculated into the mushroom sticks together. One tablet of the above-mentioned agent was applied next to each strain. It was applied only once a season, and the inoculation port was the ear port.

[0093] When the first batch of fungus was harvested 95 days after inoculation, the efficacy of the pesticide was 93.7%, the average yield per stick of the pesticide treatment was 0.52 catties, and the yield of the blank control was 0.46 catties. The yield increase rate of the pesticide treatment relative to the blank control was 13%, and the fungus treated with the pesticide had no insect eyes and good quality. After a third-party residue test, no pesticide residues were detected. 245 days after inoculation, after the last batch of fungus was harvested, the efficacy of the pesticide was investigated and found to be 90.8%, the average total yield per stick of the pesticide treatment was 1.97 catties, and the total yield of the blank control was 1.57 catties. The yield increase rate of the pesticide treatment relative to the blank control was 25.5%, and the fungus treated with the pesticide had no insect eyes and good quality. After a third-party residue test, no pesticide residues were detected.

[0094] It can be concluded from the above examples that the sustained-release composition of the present invention can effectively prevent and control mushroom mosquitoes, and has the characteristics of good prevention effect, long lasting effect, safety and no residue. At the same time, it can improve the yield and quality of Auricularia auricula.

[0095] Although the above embodiment describes the present invention in detail, it is only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. People can also obtain other embodiments based on this embodiment without creativity, and these embodiments all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sustained-release composition for controlling mushroom mosquitoes, characterized in that: The sustained-release composition comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.1-0.2 parts of avermectin, 0.1-0.6 parts of clothianidin, 85-91 parts of carrier and 9-15 parts of sustained-release component.

2. The sustained-release composition according to claim 1, characterized in that The sustained-release component comprises polyurethane resin and / or epoxy resin.

3. The sustained-release composition according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The dosage form of the sustained-release composition is granules.

4. The sustained-release composition according to claim 3, characterized in that The carrier of the granules is an inert sphere.

5. The sustained-release composition according to claim 4, characterized in that The inert spheres include soil balls, and the particle size of the soil balls is 3 to 4 mm.

6. The sustained-release composition according to claim 3, characterized in that The granule comprises a carrier, a drug layer and a sustained-release layer in sequence from the inside to the outside; the drug layer comprises avermectin and clothianidin, and the sustained-release layer comprises a sustained-release component.

7. The method for preparing the sustained-release composition according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The steps include: Avermectin and clothianidin are coated on the surface of a carrier to obtain a carrier coated with drugs; The sustained-release component is wrapped on the surface of the carrier wrapped with the drug to obtain the sustained-release composition.

8. Use of the sustained-release composition according to any one of claims 1 to 6 or the sustained-release composition prepared by the preparation method according to claim 7 in one or more of controlling mushroom mosquitoes, increasing fungus yield and improving fungus quality.

9. The use according to claim 8, characterized in that: The mushroom mosquito control includes controlling the Auricularia auricularia mushroom mosquito; the fungus includes Auricularia auricularia.

10. A method for preventing and controlling Auricularia auricula mosquito, characterized in that: The steps include: When inoculating Auricularia auriculariae, applying a slow-release composition next to the Auricularia auriculariae strain; The sustained-release composition is the sustained-release composition according to any one of claims 1 to 6 or the sustained-release composition prepared by the preparation method according to claim 7.

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