Reduced-pressure rotary evaporation device for extraction of Chinese yam and mulberry polysaccharides

Abstract

The invention provides a Chinese yam and mulberry polysaccharide extraction decompression rotary evaporation device, and relates to the technical field of Chinese yam and mulberry processing equipment.The Chinese yam and mulberry polysaccharide extraction decompression rotary evaporation device comprises a smashing tank, a filter box is clamped and matched to the bottom of the smashing tank, an evaporation barrel is installed at the bottom of the filter box, a mounting plate is arranged at the top of the filter box, and a filter inlet is formed in the center of the top of the mounting plate; two symmetrical racks are fixed to the top of the mounting plate. The smashing tank, the filter box and the evaporation barrel are used for treating raw materials in a staged mode and communicated with one another, the smashing effect of the raw materials is improved, a solvent is added into the evaporation barrel, the contact area of the raw materials and the solvent is increased through the smashing tank with the smashing function, finally, evaporation treatment can be directly conducted on the evaporation barrel, and the efficiency is improved. The scraping plate is driven to move along the first transmission chain, and the filtering plate in contact with the top of the eccentric wheel is driven to jolt up and down, so that the filtering plate is prevented from being blocked, and the filtering efficiency of the raw materials is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of yam and mulberry processing equipment, in particular to a yam and mulberry polysaccharide extraction reduced-pressure rotary evaporation device. Background Art

[0002] The principle of polysaccharide extraction is a commonly used polysaccharide separation and purification technology, which uses the difference in solubility of polysaccharides under different conditions for separation. The polysaccharides extracted from yam and mulberry are yam polysaccharides and mulberry polysaccharides, which have different effects. The extraction of yam and mulberry adopts a rotary evaporation device, which includes a raw material evaporation tank and a tank cover. The raw materials need to be crushed first and then subjected to rotary evaporation extraction.

[0003] The existing one-pot-multiple-purpose method is used for extracting yam and mulberry polysaccharides. After adding raw materials into a pot, the pot cover with a crushing mechanism is closed for crushing, and then the pot cover is removed and the pot is sealed for evaporation extraction. The crushed raw materials cannot be filtered, which reduces the raw material crushing effect and is not conducive to polysaccharide extraction. Summary of the invention

[0004] 1. Technical issues to be resolved In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a reduced-pressure rotary evaporation device for extracting yam and mulberry polysaccharides, which solves the problem that the existing one-pot multi-purpose method is used for extracting yam and mulberry polysaccharides, the crushed raw materials cannot be filtered, the crushing effect of the raw materials is reduced, and it is not conducive to the extraction of polysaccharides.

[0005] (II) Technical solution To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical scheme: a reduced-pressure rotary evaporation device for extracting yam and mulberry polysaccharides, comprising a crushing tank, a filter box is snap-fitted at the bottom of the crushing tank, an evaporation barrel is installed at the bottom of the filter box, a mounting plate is provided on the top of the filter box, a filter inlet is provided at the center position of the top of the mounting plate, and two symmetrical racks are fixed to the top of the mounting plate.

[0006] A crushing outlet is provided at the center of the bottom of the crushing tank, an adjustment frame is fixedly installed on the outer bottom of the crushing tank, and a first blanking plate and a second blanking plate are horizontally slidably matched on the inner wall of the adjustment frame.

[0007] The first and second material discharge plates have opposite sides fixedly connected to the inner wall of the adjusting frame with a plurality of first springs, the first and second material discharge plates have opposite sides fixedly connected to tension ropes passing through the adjusting frame, the other ends of the two tension ropes are fixedly connected to pulleys fixedly installed at the bottom of the crushing tank, and one side of the pulley is fixed with a gear meshing with the rack.

[0008] Preferably, the first blanking plate and the second blanking plate are snap-fitted with each other, and a plurality of first sealing strips are fixed to one side of the first blanking plate.

[0009] A first sealing groove which is engaged with a plurality of first sealing strips is formed on one side of the second blanking plate.

[0010] Preferably, a crushing mechanism is provided on the inner wall of the crushing tank, and a feeding port is provided on the outer top of the crushing tank.

[0011] The adjusting frame and the mounting plate are engaged with each other, and a second sealing strip is fixed to the bottom of the adjusting frame.

[0012] A second sealing groove is provided at the clamping position between the mounting plate and the adjusting frame, and the second sealing strip and the second sealing groove are clamped and matched with each other.

[0013] Preferably, a side discharge port is provided on the side of the filter box, a filter plate is hingedly fitted on the inner wall of the filter box between the side discharge ports, and a scraper plate is slidably fitted on the upper surface of the filter plate.

[0014] The inner wall of the filter box is rotatably matched with a first rotating wheel, a second rotating wheel and a third rotating wheel, and the first rotating wheel, the second rotating wheel and the third rotating wheel are driven by a first transmission chain.

[0015] One end of the scraper plate is fixedly connected to the first transmission chain, and the other end of the scraper plate is slidably matched with the inner wall of the filter box.

[0016] Preferably, the first rotating shaft, the second rotating shaft and the third rotating shaft are respectively fixed at the center position of the sides of the first rotating wheel, the second rotating wheel and the third rotating wheel, the peripheral side of the second rotating shaft is located outside the filter box and is fixedly connected to the fourth rotating wheel, and one end of the third rotating shaft is located outside the filter box and is fixedly connected to a servo motor.

[0017] The inner wall of the filter box is located below the filter plate and is rotatably matched with an eccentric shaft. The circumferential side of the eccentric shaft is fixed with an eccentric wheel in contact with the bottom of the filter plate. The circumferential side of the eccentric shaft is located outside the filter box and is fixed with a fifth rotating wheel.

[0018] A second transmission chain is provided between the fourth rotating wheel and the fifth rotating wheel.

[0019] Preferably, a waste collection frame is snap-fitted on one side of the filter box and located below the filter plate, a guide ramp is fixed to the inner wall of the filter box, and a filter outlet is provided at the outer bottom of the filter box.

[0020] Preferably, a feed inlet which is snap-fitted with the filter outlet is provided on the outer top of the evaporation barrel.

[0021] Preferably, two mutually snap-fitting conical rings are slidably fitted in the top of the evaporation barrel, and two second elastic springs are fixed to the outer peripheral sides of the two conical rings.

[0022] (III) Beneficial effects The present invention provides a reduced pressure rotary evaporation device for extracting yam and mulberry polysaccharides. It has the following beneficial effects: 1. In the present invention, the raw materials are graded by using a crushing tank, a filter box and an evaporation barrel, and the three are interconnected, thereby improving the crushing effect of the raw materials. The solvent is added to the evaporation barrel, and the crushing tank with a crushing function increases the contact area between the raw materials and the solvent. Finally, the evaporation barrel can be directly evaporated, which is beneficial to the subsequent extraction of the raw materials.

[0023] 2. In the present invention, by driving the scraper plate fixedly connected to the first transmission chain to move along the first transmission chain and driving the eccentric wheel fixed on the peripheral side of the eccentric shaft to rotate, the filter plate in contact with the top of the eccentric wheel is driven to bump up and down, thereby avoiding clogging of the filter plate, facilitating large-particle raw materials to slide along the filter plate into the waste collection frame, and improving the filtering efficiency of the raw materials.

[0024] 3. In the present invention, by setting two conical rings and two second elastic springs respectively fixed on the outer peripheral sides of the two conical rings, the gravity of the raw materials after entering the feed port for filtration is applied to the two conical rings, which directly drives the two conical rings that slide together at the top of the evaporator barrel to slide to both sides. When no raw materials enter, the two conical rings are directly clamped and closed with each other, thereby avoiding contact between the raw materials and the outside world. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a reduced-pressure rotary evaporation device for extracting yam and mulberry polysaccharides according to the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A is an enlarged schematic diagram; Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of an explosion schematic diagram of a vacuum rotary evaporation device for extracting yam and mulberry polysaccharides; Figure 4 for Figure 3 A magnified schematic diagram of middle C; Figure 5 for Figure 3 A magnified schematic diagram of D in the middle; Figure 6 for Figure 3 Middle E is an enlarged schematic diagram; Figure 7 for Figure 3 Middle F is an enlarged schematic diagram; Figure 8 for Figure 3 A magnified schematic diagram of middle G; Fig. 9 for Figure 8 A magnified schematic diagram of H in the middle; Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the crushing tank; Fig.11 It is a structural schematic diagram of the filter box; Fig.12 It is the rear view of the filter box; Fig.13 for Fig.12 Schematic diagram of the structure of J in the middle; Fig.14 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the evaporation barrel.

[0026] Among them, 1. crushing tank; 2. filter box; 3. evaporation barrel; 101. crushing outlet; 102. adjustment frame; 1021. second sealing strip; 103. first unloading plate; 1031. first sealing strip; 104. second unloading plate; 1041. first sealing groove; 105. first spring; 106. tension rope; 107. pulley; 108. gear; 201. mounting plate; 2011. second sealing groove; 202. filter inlet; 203. rack; 204. side discharge port; 205. filter plate; 20 6. scraper plate; 207. first rotating wheel; 2071. first rotating shaft; 208. second rotating wheel; 2081. second rotating shaft; 2082. fourth rotating wheel; 209. third rotating wheel; 2091. third rotating shaft; 210. eccentric shaft; 2101. eccentric wheel; 2102. fifth rotating wheel; 211. second transmission chain; 212. waste collecting frame; 213. guide inclined plate; 214. filter outlet; 215. first transmission chain; 301. feed inlet; 302. conical ring; 303. second elastic spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] Embodiment 1: like Figure 1-Figure 14As shown, the embodiment of the present invention provides a reduced-pressure rotary evaporation device for extracting yam and mulberry polysaccharides, comprising a crushing tank 1, a filter box 2 is snap-fitted at the bottom of the crushing tank 1, an evaporation barrel 3 is installed at the bottom of the filter box 2, a mounting plate 201 is arranged at the top of the filter box 2, a filter inlet 202 is arranged at the center position of the top of the mounting plate 201, and two symmetrical racks 203 are fixed to the top of the mounting plate 201; a crushing outlet 101 is opened at the center position of the bottom of the crushing tank 1, an adjustment frame 102 is fixedly installed at the outer bottom of the crushing tank 1, and the inner wall of the adjustment frame 102 The first unloading plate 103 and the second unloading plate 104 are horizontally slidably matched; the first unloading plate 103 and the second unloading plate 104 have a plurality of first springs 105 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the adjusting frame 102 on opposite sides thereof, and the first unloading plate 103 and the second unloading plate 104 have tension ropes 106 fixedly connected to the opposite sides thereof which pass through the adjusting frame 102, and the other ends of the two tension ropes 106 are fixedly connected to a pulley 107 fixedly installed at the bottom of the crushing tank 1, and a gear 108 meshing with the rack 203 is fixedly provided on one side of the pulley 107.

[0029] Specifically, the first blanking plate 103 and the second blanking plate 104 are engaged with each other, and a plurality of first sealing strips 1031 are fixed to one side of the first blanking plate 103 ; a first sealing groove 1041 engaged with the plurality of first sealing strips 1031 is opened on one side of the second blanking plate 104 .

[0030] Furthermore, a crushing mechanism is provided on the inner wall of the crushing tank 1, and a feeding port is provided on the outer top of the crushing tank 1; the adjusting frame 102 and the mounting plate 201 are engaged with each other, and a second sealing strip 1021 is fixed to the bottom of the adjusting frame 102; a second sealing groove 2011 is provided at the engaging position between the mounting plate 201 and the adjusting frame 102, and the second sealing strip 1021 and the second sealing groove 2011 are engaged with each other.

[0031] The operation process of this embodiment is as follows: before extracting yam and mulberry polysaccharides, the raw materials are pre-treated using the device, and after the crushed raw materials enter the evaporation barrel 3, a solvent is added to the evaporation barrel 3 (commonly used solvents include water, alcohols, ethers, etc. For most polysaccharides, water is the most commonly used solvent because polysaccharides are polar macromolecular compounds and are easily soluble in polar solvents such as water), and the polysaccharides are extracted using a solvent extraction method (the principle of the solvent extraction method for extracting polysaccharides is mainly based on the principle of like dissolves like, that is, the similarity of polarity between polysaccharides and solvents is used to dissolve and separate polysaccharides). The states of the crushing tank 1, the filter box 2 and the evaporation barrel 3 before the use of the device are as follows: Figure 3When in use, the filter box 2 needs to be snap-fitted and installed on the evaporation barrel 3 first, and then the crushing tank 1 is snap-fitted and installed on the filter box 2. At this time, the assembly of the entire device is completed, and the yam and mulberry are placed in the crushing tank 1 of the assembled device. The specific process of snapping the crushing tank 1 on the filter box 2 is: put the crushing tank 1 just above the filter box 2 and approach it step by step. During this process, the two symmetrical racks 203 fixed on the top of the mounting plate 201 on the filter box 2 gradually contact and mesh with the two gears 108 set on the outer bottom of the crushing tank 1, driving the two gears 108 to rotate, so that the pulleys 107 fixed at the center position of one side of the two gears 108 rotate and reel in the tension ropes 106 set on the sides of the two pulleys 107, driving the first unloading plate 103 and the second unloading plate 104 fixed at one end of the two tension ropes 106 to move back to back along the inner wall of the adjustment frame 102 at the same time, adjusting the distance between the first unloading plate 103 and the second unloading plate 104, and making the first unloading plate 103 and The first springs 105 which are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the regulating frame 102 on the opposite sides of the second unloading plate 104 are compressed, ensuring that the crushed yam and mulberry raw materials in the crushing tank 1 can smoothly enter the filter box 2 along the crushing outlet 101, the first unloading plate 103 and the second unloading plate 104, and the crushed raw materials directly enter the filter box 2 for filtration. The crushing tank 1, the filter box 2 and the evaporation barrel 3 are used to grade the raw materials, and the three are interconnected, which improves the crushing effect of the raw materials, facilitates the transmission of the raw materials and the introduction of the processed raw materials into the evaporation barrel 3. After the crushing and filtration based on the device, the evaporation barrel 3 needs to be evaporated to extract polysaccharides. The specific evaporation steps of the evaporation barrel 3 are: adding solvent-heating extraction-filtration concentration-precipitation-drying purification, wherein the solvent is added to the evaporation barrel 3, and the crushing tank 1 with the crushing function increases the contact area between the raw materials and the solvent. Finally, the evaporation barrel 3 can be directly evaporated, which is beneficial to the subsequent extraction of raw materials.

[0032] Embodiment 2: This embodiment is based on the first embodiment: a side discharge port 204 is opened on the side of the filter box 2, a filter plate 205 is hingedly fitted between the inner wall of the filter box 2 and the side discharge port 204, and a scraper plate 206 is slidably fitted on the upper surface of the filter plate 205; the inner wall of the filter box 2 is rotatably fitted with a first rotating wheel 207, a second rotating wheel 208 and a third rotating wheel 209, and a first transmission chain 215 is arranged between the first rotating wheel 207, the second rotating wheel 208 and the third rotating wheel 209; one end of the scraper plate 206 is fixedly connected to the first transmission chain 215, and the other end of the scraper plate 206 is slidably fitted with the inner wall of the filter box 2.

[0033] Specifically, the first rotating shaft 2071, the second rotating shaft 2081 and the third rotating shaft 2091 are fixed to the center positions of the sides of the first rotating wheel 207, the second rotating wheel 208 and the third rotating wheel 209 respectively; the peripheral side of the second rotating shaft 2081 is located outside the filter box 2 and is fixedly connected to the fourth rotating wheel 2082; one end of the third rotating shaft 2091 is located outside the filter box 2 and is fixedly connected to the servo motor; the inner wall of the filter box 2 is located below the filter plate 205 and is rotatably matched with an eccentric shaft 210; the peripheral side of the eccentric shaft 210 is fixed with an eccentric wheel 2101 that contacts the bottom of the filter plate 205; the peripheral side of the eccentric shaft 210 is located outside the filter box 2 and is fixed with a fifth rotating wheel 2102; a second transmission chain 211 is provided for transmission between the fourth rotating wheel 2082 and the fifth rotating wheel 2102.

[0034] Furthermore, a waste collection frame 212 is snap-fitted on one side of the filter box 2 and located below the filter plate 205 . A guide inclined plate 213 is fixed to the inner wall of the filter box 2 . A filter outlet 214 is provided at the outer bottom of the filter box 2 .

[0035] The operation process of this embodiment is as follows: the crushed raw material enters the filter box 2, and is filtered by the filter plate 205 hingedly matched with the inner wall of the filter box 2, so that the filtered raw material is more delicate, which is conducive to the extraction of raw material polysaccharides. In addition, through the transmission cooperation between the first rotating wheel 207, the second rotating wheel 208 and the third rotating wheel 209, the scraper plate 206 fixedly connected to the first transmission chain 215 is driven to move along the first transmission chain 215, and the large particles of raw material on the upper surface of the filter plate 205 are scraped toward the side of the side discharge port 204, so that the large particles of raw material directly fall into the waste collection frame 21 2. It prevents large particles of raw materials from clogging the filter plate 205, thereby improving the filtering effect of the filter plate 205. In addition, the transmission cooperation between the fourth wheel 2082 and the fifth wheel 2102 in the second transmission chain 211 drives the eccentric shaft 210 to rotate, thereby driving the eccentric wheel 2101 fixed on the side of the eccentric shaft 210 to rotate, driving the filter plate 205 in contact with the top of the eccentric wheel 2101 to bump up and down, avoiding the blockage of the pores on the filter plate 205, facilitating the large particles of raw materials to slide along the filter plate 205 into the waste collection frame 212, and improving the filtering efficiency of the raw materials.

[0036] Embodiment three: This embodiment is based on the second embodiment: a feed inlet 301 is provided on the top of the evaporation barrel 3 to be snap-fitted with the filter outlet 214 .

[0037] Specifically, two conical rings 302 that are snap-fitted with each other are slidably fitted on the top of the evaporation barrel 3 .

[0038] Furthermore, two second elastic springs 303 are fixed to the outer circumferential sides of the two conical rings 302 .

[0039] The operation process of this embodiment is: the gravity of the raw materials after filtration entering the feed port 301 is directly driven to slide the two conical rings 302 at the top of the evaporation barrel 3 to both sides through the gravity of the two conical rings 302, so that the two second elastic springs 303 respectively fixed on the outer peripheral sides of the two conical rings 302 are compressed, which facilitates the raw materials to enter the evaporation barrel 3. When no raw materials enter, the two conical rings 302 are subjected to the elastic force of the two second elastic springs 303 respectively fixed on the outer peripheral sides of the two conical rings 302, so that the two conical rings 302 are directly clamped and closed with each other, avoiding the contact between the raw materials and the outside world.

[0040] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A vacuum rotary evaporation device for extracting yam and mulberry polysaccharides, characterized in that: It comprises a crushing tank (1), the bottom of the crushing tank (1) is snap-fitted with a filter box (2), the bottom of the filter box (2) is installed with an evaporation barrel (3), the top of the filter box (2) is provided with a mounting plate (201), the center position of the top of the mounting plate (201) is provided with a filter inlet (202), and the top of the mounting plate (201) is fixed with two symmetrical racks (203); A crushing outlet (101) is provided at the center of the bottom of the crushing tank (1); an adjustment frame (102) is fixedly mounted on the outer bottom of the crushing tank (1); a first material discharge plate (103) and a second material discharge plate (104) are horizontally slidably fitted on the inner wall of the adjustment frame (102); The first unloading plate (103) and the second unloading plate (104) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the regulating frame (102) on opposite sides thereof, and tension ropes (106) passing through the regulating frame (102) are fixedly connected to the first unloading plate (103) and the second unloading plate (104) on opposite sides thereof, and the other ends of the two tension ropes (106) are fixedly connected to pulleys (107) fixedly mounted on the bottom of the crushing tank (1), and a gear (108) meshing with the rack (203) is fixedly provided on one side of the pulley (107).

2. The device for extracting yam and mulberry polysaccharides by reduced pressure rotary evaporation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first blanking plate (103) and the second blanking plate (104) are engaged with each other, and a plurality of first sealing strips (1031) are fixed to one side of the first blanking plate (103); A first sealing groove (1041) for engaging with a plurality of first sealing strips (1031) is provided on one side of the second blanking plate (104).

3. The reduced pressure rotary evaporation device for extracting yam and mulberry polysaccharides according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner wall of the crushing tank (1) is provided with a crushing mechanism, and the outer top of the crushing tank (1) is provided with a feeding port; The adjusting frame (102) and the mounting plate (201) are engaged with each other, and a second sealing strip (1021) is fixed to the bottom of the adjusting frame (102); A second sealing groove (2011) is provided at the clamping position between the mounting plate (201) and the regulating frame (102), and the second sealing strip (1021) and the second sealing groove (2011) are clamped and matched with each other.

4. The device for extracting yam and mulberry polysaccharides by reduced pressure rotary evaporation according to claim 3, characterized in that: A side discharge port (204) is provided on the side of the filter box (2); a filter plate (205) is hingedly fitted on the inner wall of the filter box (2) between the side discharge ports (204); a scraper plate (206) is slidably fitted on the upper surface of the filter plate (205); The inner wall of the filter box (2) is rotatably equipped with a first rotating wheel (207), a second rotating wheel (208) and a third rotating wheel (209); the first rotating wheel (207), the second rotating wheel (208) and the third rotating wheel (209) are driven by a first transmission chain (215); One end of the scraper plate (206) is fixedly connected to the first transmission chain (215), and the other end of the scraper plate (206) is slidably engaged with the inner wall of the filter box (2).

5. The device for extracting yam and mulberry polysaccharides by reduced pressure rotary evaporation according to claim 4, characterized in that: A first rotating shaft (2071), a second rotating shaft (2081) and a third rotating shaft (2091) are fixed to the center positions of the sides of the first rotating wheel (207), the second rotating wheel (208) and the third rotating wheel (209), respectively; a peripheral side surface of the second rotating shaft (2081) is located outside the filter box (2) and is fixedly connected to a fourth rotating wheel (2082); and one end of the third rotating shaft (2091) is located outside the filter box (2) and is fixedly connected to a servo motor; The inner wall of the filter box (2) is located below the filter plate (205) and is rotatably fitted with an eccentric shaft (210); an eccentric wheel (2101) in contact with the bottom of the filter plate (205) is fixed to the peripheral side of the eccentric shaft (210); and a fifth rotating wheel (2102) is fixed to the peripheral side of the eccentric shaft (210) located outside the filter box (2); A second transmission chain (211) is provided for transmission between the fourth rotating wheel (2082) and the fifth rotating wheel (2102).

6. The device for extracting yam and mulberry polysaccharides by reduced pressure rotary evaporation according to claim 5, characterized in that: A waste collection frame (212) is snap-fitted on one side of the filter box (2) and located below the filter plate (205); a flow guide inclined plate (213) is fixed to the inner wall of the filter box (2); and a filter outlet (214) is provided at the outer bottom of the filter box (2).

7. The device for extracting yam and mulberry polysaccharides by reduced pressure rotary evaporation according to claim 6, characterized in that: The top of the evaporation barrel (3) is provided with a feed inlet (301) that is snap-fitted with the filter outlet (214).

8. The reduced pressure rotary evaporation device for extracting yam and mulberry polysaccharides according to claim 7, characterized in that: Two mutually clamped tapered rings (302) are slidably engaged with each other at the top of the evaporation barrel (3), and two second elastic springs (303) are fixed to the outer peripheral sides of the two tapered rings (302).

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