Five-axis laser cutting machine based on digital twinning technology

Abstract

The invention discloses a five-axis laser cutting machine based on a digital twinning technology, relates to the technical field of laser cutting, and solves the problem that the rotation angle of a product is limited when an existing five-axis laser cutting machine is used for cutting. An X-axis moving module, a Y-axis moving module, a Z-axis moving module, a B-axis rotating module and a C-axis rotating module; the B-axis rotating module is provided with a rotating table capable of rotating along the B axis, one end of the rotating table is connected with the B-axis rotating module, the rotating table is provided with a mounting plane used for mounting the C-axis rotating module, and the other sides of the mounting plane are open except the side close to the B-axis rotating module. A suction nozzle is arranged on the C-axis rotating module; a laser module; and a visual positioning mechanism. The laser module is fixed, the product can freely move and rotate, the laser module cuts the product according to the moving track of the product, the error rate is low, the yield is effectively increased, and the cutting machining requirement of large-angle rotation can be met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of laser cutting technology, and in particular to a five-axis laser cutting machine based on digital twin technology. Background Art

[0002] Digital twin technology is to create a virtual model of a physical entity in a digital way, and use data to simulate the behavior of the physical entity in the real environment. As a technology that makes full use of models, data, intelligence and integrates multiple disciplines, digital twins are oriented to the entire life cycle of products, and play the role of a bridge and link between the physical world and the information world. It is widely used in product design, product manufacturing and other fields. Especially in the field of laser cutting, it can convert the 3D model of the product into data, and then import the data into the cutting equipment, and drive the cutting equipment to operate through the data.

[0003] Laser cutting technology uses a high-power density spot formed by a concentrated laser beam to quickly heat the material to the vaporization temperature, thereby evaporating to form small holes, and then moving the beam and the material relative to each other to achieve continuous cutting.

[0004] The laser generator in the existing five-axis laser cutting machine moves horizontally or up and down following the horizontal moving module or the lifting module. When cutting, the product will move forward and backward, left and right, and rotate through the linear module, and the product will not move up and down. During cutting, the movement of the laser generator is coordinated with the movement of the product to perform laser cutting on the product. Since the laser generator itself is relatively heavy, it is difficult for the moving module to drive the laser generator to move stably, which may cause the optical path position to deviate during cutting, affecting the cutting. At the same time, the rotating module used to drive the product to rotate basically adopts a cradle-type rotating structure, such as the structure of the five-axis laser cutting machine disclosed in the publication number CN219881561U. The cradle-type rotating structure has great limitations. If the size of the product is large, the product can only rotate 180° during the rotation process due to structural interference, which has great limitations. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above problems and to design a five-axis laser cutting machine based on digital twin technology, which solves the problem that the existing five-axis laser cutting machine has limited rotation angle of the product during cutting.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution of the present invention is a five-axis laser cutting machine based on digital twin technology. The product to be cut can move along the cutting trajectory based on the digital twin technology. The laser cutting machine includes: Support frame; The X-axis moving module, the Y-axis moving module and the Z-axis moving module are used to control the movement of the product to be cut along the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis directions respectively; The B-axis rotating module and the C-axis rotating module are used to control the rotation of the product to be cut along the vertical plane and the horizontal plane respectively. The B-axis rotating module is provided with a rotating table capable of rotating along the B-axis. One end of the rotating table is connected to the B-axis rotating module. The rotating table is provided with a mounting plane for mounting the C-axis rotating module. Except for one side close to the B-axis rotating module, the other sides of the mounting plane are open so as to place the product to be cut. The C-axis rotating module is provided with a suction nozzle, which can generate negative pressure to suck and fix the product to be cut; A laser module, wherein the laser module is fixedly mounted on the support frame, and the laser output end of the laser module faces downward; A visual positioning mechanism is located above the product to be cut to perform visual positioning on the product to be cut.

[0007] Furthermore, the rotating table includes a fixing portion and a mounting portion, the mounting portion is perpendicular to the fixing portion and is integrally formed therewith, the mounting portion has the mounting plane, and the fixing portion is connected to the C-axis rotating module.

[0008] Furthermore, the mounting portion gradually becomes thicker from an end away from the fixing portion to an end close to the fixing portion.

[0009] Furthermore, the laser module includes a laser generator, an optical path system and a laser head assembly. The laser generator and the optical path system are fixedly mounted on the support frame. The output end of the laser generator is connected to the optical path system, and the output end of the optical path system is connected to the laser head assembly.

[0010] Furthermore, the optical path system includes a plurality of reflective lenses capable of changing the optical path of the laser emitted from the laser generator, and the output end of the optical path system faces downward.

[0011] Furthermore, a fixing plate is provided on the support frame, and the fixing plate is vertically fixed on the support frame through a reinforcing plate, and the laser head assembly is movably arranged on the fixing plate up and down.

[0012] Furthermore, the fixed plate is provided with a fixed block and a lifting and fine-tuning assembly, the fixed block is connected to the slide rail fixed on the fixed plate for up and down sliding via a slider, a connecting plate is fixedly installed on the fixed block, the laser head assembly is fixedly installed on the connecting plate, and the lifting and fine-tuning assembly is transmission-connected to the connecting plate to control the up and down movement of the connecting plate.

[0013] Furthermore, the lifting and fine-tuning assembly includes a driving motor and a screw rod drivingly connected to the output end of the driving motor, and the connecting piece on the connecting plate is drivingly connected to the screw rod through a screw rod sleeve.

[0014] Furthermore, the visual positioning mechanism includes a camera and a light source assembly, a mounting plate is provided on the support frame, the camera is vertically fixed on the mounting plate, and the light source assembly is located below the camera lens and fixed on the mounting plate.

[0015] Furthermore, it also includes a frame and a marble base, the support frame is fixedly mounted on the marble base, the marble base, X-axis moving module, Y-axis moving module, Z-axis moving module, B-axis rotation module, C-axis rotation module and laser module are all located on the inner side of the frame, the Y-axis moving module is mounted on the marble base, the X-axis moving module is mounted on the slide on the Y-axis moving module, the Z-axis moving module is mounted on the slide on the X-axis moving module, and the B-axis rotation module is mounted on the slide on the Z-axis moving module.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects are: Since the laser module has a large deadweight and is difficult to move stably, the five-axis laser cutting machine proposed in the present invention is fixedly mounted on a support frame, and the product can be automatically moved and rotated by means of the X-axis moving module, the Y-axis moving module, the Z-axis moving module, the B-axis rotating module, and the C-axis rotating module. The system can automatically generate the cutting trajectory of the product according to the 3D model, and the product will move along the cutting trajectory under the control of each module to achieve the purpose of precise cutting of the product. During the rotation of the product, due to the use of a specially designed rotating table, after the product is sucked by the suction nozzle, the rotating table is open on three sides except for one side close to the B-axis rotating module, so it will not interfere with the rotation of the product, and can meet the cutting processing requirements of large-angle rotation. The workpiece is flipped mechanically, with a low error rate, which effectively improves the yield rate. At the same time, it can be flexibly adjusted according to different products or application scenarios, with a wider range of applications and higher versatility. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the whole structure of the five-axis laser cutting machine in the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a five-axis laser cutting machine without the frame; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of each mobile module; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rotating table; Figure 5 It is a structural diagram of the laser module and the visual positioning mechanism; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the laser module; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the laser head assembly.

[0018] In the figure, 1, frame; 2, Y-axis moving module; 3, X-axis moving module; 4, Z-axis moving module; 5, laser module; 51, laser generator; 52, optical path system; 53, laser head assembly; 6, marble base; 7, support frame; 8, B-axis rotating module; 9, rotating table; 91, fixing part; 92, mounting part; 921, mounting plane; 10, C-axis rotating module; 11, suction nozzle; 12, visual positioning mechanism; 121, camera; 122, light source assembly; 123, mounting plate; 13, fixing plate; 14, light shielding sheet; 15, upper limit photoelectric sensor; 16, lower limit photoelectric sensor; 17, driving motor; 18, screw rod; 19, fixing block; 20, connecting plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The following will be combined with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a preferred embodiment of the present invention proposes a five-axis laser cutting machine based on digital twin technology. The five-axis laser cutting machine can automatically generate a three-dimensional cutting trajectory through digital twin technology. The laser module 5 does not move. During cutting, it will control the product to move arbitrarily along the cutting trajectory in three-dimensional space, and cut the product by laser.

[0021] The laser cutting machine mainly includes a frame 1, a marble base 6, a support frame 7, an X-axis moving module 3, a Y-axis moving module 2, a Z-axis moving module 4, a B-axis rotating module 8, a C-axis rotating module 10 and a laser module 5, wherein the marble base 6, the support frame 7, the X-axis moving module 3, the Y-axis moving module 2, the Z-axis moving module 4, the B-axis rotating module 8, the C-axis rotating module 10 and the laser module 5 are all located on the inner side of the frame 1 for protecting these modules and also for dust isolation.

[0022] The heavy weight of the marble base 6 is beneficial to improving the stability of the structure during operation. The marble base 6 is installed on the inner side of the frame 1, and the support frame 7 is fixed on the marble base 6 by bolts. The support frame 7 consists of a flat plate and four columns. The flat plate is located above the marble base 6 and is connected to the marble base 6 through the four columns. The laser module 5 is installed on the support frame 7 for laser cutting the product to be cut below.

[0023] refer to Figure 2 , Figure 3, the Y-axis moving module 2 is installed on the marble base 6 and is perpendicular to the support frame 7. The X-axis moving module 3 is installed on the slide plate on the Y-axis moving module 2, and the X-axis moving module 3 is driven to move along the Y-axis direction by the Y-axis moving module 2. The Z-axis moving module 4 is vertically fixed on the slide plate on the X-axis moving module 3, and the Z-axis moving module 4 is driven to move along the X-axis direction by the X-axis moving module 3. The B-axis rotating module 8 is fixedly installed on the slide plate on the Z-axis moving module 4, and the B-axis rotating module 8 rotates along the vertical plane, and the Y-axis moving module 2 is perpendicular to the vertical plane.

[0024] In this embodiment, the X-axis moving module 3, the Y-axis moving module 2 and the Z-axis moving module 4 all use a motor-screw 18 to drive the product to move, and the movement accuracy is high.

[0025] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, a rotating table 9 is installed on the B-axis rotating module 8. The rotating table 9 consists of two parts, namely a fixing portion 91 and a mounting portion 92. The fixing portion 91 is perpendicular to the mounting portion 92 and is integrally formed. The fixing portion 91 is circular and is fixedly mounted on the B-axis rotating module 8 by screws. The mounting portion 92 has a mounting plane 921, one side of which is surrounded by the fixing portion 91, and the other three sides are open to place the product to be cut.

[0026] The C-axis rotation module 10 is fixedly mounted on the mounting plane 921 of the mounting portion 92. A suction nozzle 11 is mounted on the C-axis rotation module 10, which can generate negative pressure to suck the product to be cut, and then drive the product to rotate along the horizontal plane through the C-axis rotation module 10. The B-axis rotation module 8 and the C-axis rotation module 10 can cooperate to drive the product to rotate in different planes to adapt to different cutting angles. The overall height of the suction nozzle 11 and the C-axis rotation module 10 is higher than the height of the B-axis rotation module 8, so during the rotation of the product, no other structure will interfere with its rotation.

[0027] In this embodiment, the B-axis rotating module 8 and the C-axis rotating module 10 use torque motors, which have the advantages of low speed, high torque, and strong overload capacity. They are more suitable for occasions that can withstand large load changes, especially on five-axis laser cutting machine tools.

[0028] During cutting, the laser module 5 emits laser downward, and drives the product to move linearly along the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis in three-dimensional space through the X-axis moving module 3, the Y-axis moving module 2 and the Z-axis moving module 4. At the same time, the B-axis rotating module 8 and the C-axis rotating module 10 drive the product to rotate in different planes. The cutting trajectory of the product can be generated during the movement, and the laser will cut the product according to the trajectory.

[0029] During the rotation of the product, since the three sides of the mounting plane 921 are open except for one side close to the B-axis rotation module 8, there is nothing blocking it, so the product can rotate at any angle, which is more suitable for laser cutting of some larger products.

[0030] like Figure 4 As shown, in order to ensure the stability of the rotating table 9 during rotation, the back side of the rotating table 9 (i.e., the side of the principle mounting plane 921) is thickened. The back side of the rotating table 9 gradually becomes thicker from the side away from the fixing portion 91 to the side close to the fixing portion 91, which can improve the structural strength of the connection between the mounting portion 92 and the fixing portion 91, so that the mounting portion 92 will not bend, ensuring the accuracy of the product position, which helps to improve the cutting accuracy of the product.

[0031] like Figure 5-Figure 7 As shown, the laser module 5 is mainly composed of a laser generator, an optical path system 52 and a laser head assembly 53, wherein the laser generator 51 is horizontally fixedly installed on the top of the support frame 7, the output end of the laser generator 51 is connected to the optical path system 52, the output end of the optical path system 52 is connected to the laser head assembly 53, the optical path system 52 is also fixedly installed on the top of the support frame 7, and the laser head assembly 53 can move up and down relative to the optical path system 52. In order to enable the laser head assembly 53 to receive the laser emitted by the optical path system 52, the output end of the optical path system 52 is downward.

[0032] The optical path system 52 is mainly composed of several mutually vertically cross-connected pipes and multiple transmitting lenses. Through multiple reflecting lenses, the horizontal laser emitted by the laser generator 51 can be reflected by the reflecting lenses to change its optical path, and finally the optical path of the laser is changed to be emitted vertically downward, and finally received by the laser transmitting head assembly.

[0033] A fixing plate 13 is also installed on the top of the support frame 7. The fixing plate 13 is vertically arranged and fixedly connected to the support frame 7 through a reinforcing plate. The reinforcing plate can strengthen the connection between the fixing plate 13 and the support frame 7 while keeping the fixing plate 13 vertical. Two slide rails are arranged on the side of the fixing plate 13. A fixing block 19 is arranged on each slide rail. The fixing block 19 is connected to the slide rail by sliding up and down. A connecting plate 20 is fixedly installed on each fixing block 19 by screws, and the two connecting plates 20 are fixed to each other by screws. The laser head assembly 53 is installed on the lower side of one of the connecting plates 20. The input end of the laser head assembly 53 is connected to the output end of the optical path system 52. After the laser is emitted downward from the optical path system 52, it will be focused and emitted by the laser head assembly 53 to cut the product to be cut below.

[0034] A lifting and fine-tuning assembly is also provided on the fixed plate 13, and the lifting and fine-tuning assembly is mainly composed of a driving motor 17 and a screw rod 18. The upper and lower ends of the screw rod 18 are rotatably connected to the screw rod 18 seat fixed on the fixed plate 13. The back side of the connecting plate 20 is connected to the screw rod 18 sleeve through a connecting piece. The screw rod 18 sleeve is transmission-connected to the screw rod 18. The output end of the driving motor 17 is connected to a synchronous wheel, and the upper end of the screw rod 18 is also connected to a synchronous wheel. The two synchronous wheels are connected by a synchronous belt, and the screw rod 18 is driven to rotate by the driving motor 17, thereby driving the laser head assembly 53 to move slightly up and down.

[0035] An upper limit photoelectric sensor 15 and a lower limit photoelectric sensor 16 are arranged on the side of one of the fixed blocks 19, and a light blocking plate matched with the photoelectric sensor is arranged on the connecting plate 20. The upper limit photoelectric sensor 15 and the lower limit photoelectric sensor 16 will respectively detect the upper and lower positions of the light blocking plate, thereby detecting the upper and lower moving positions of the laser head assembly 53. During cutting, the lifting and fine-tuning assembly will control the laser head assembly 53 to move downward a certain distance. After cutting is completed, the laser head assembly 53 moves upward to its original position.

[0036] like Figure 5 As shown, in order to position the product before cutting, a visual positioning mechanism 12 is also provided on the support frame 7. The visual positioning mechanism 12 is composed of a camera 121 and a light source assembly 122. The camera 121 is vertically fixed on a mounting plate 123 fixed on the support frame 7. The light source assembly 122 is located below the camera 121 and is also fixed on the mounting plate 123. The light source assembly 122 has a through hole in the middle so that the lens of the camera 121 can detect the position of the product below through the through hole. The light source assembly 122 is used to provide supplementary light for the product.

[0037] Before cutting, the product will be positioned by the camera 121, and then the product will move to the bottom of the laser head assembly 53, and the system will automatically calculate the position of the product. Then the finished product model of the product to be cut is imported into the system. After the import is completed, the system will automatically generate a cutting path by selecting the cutting direction according to the product model, and then control the laser head assembly 53 to move down, and cut the product by laser. During the cutting, the product will move and rotate according to the cutting path under the control of the X-axis moving module 3, the Y-axis moving module 2, the Z-axis moving module 4, the B-axis rotating module 8 and the C-axis rotating module 10 until the cutting of the product is completed. During cutting, the waste chips in the working space of the frame 1 will be extracted outward through the dust extraction mechanism to avoid pollution.

[0038] The above technical solutions only reflect the preferred technical solutions of the technical solutions of the present invention. Some changes that may be made to certain parts thereof by technicians in this technical field all reflect the principles of the present invention and fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A five-axis laser cutting machine based on digital twin technology, characterized in that: The product to be cut can move along the cutting trajectory based on digital twin technology. The laser cutting machine includes: Support frame (7); The X-axis moving module (3), the Y-axis moving module (2) and the Z-axis moving module (4) are used to control the movement of the product to be cut along the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis directions respectively; The B-axis rotating module (8) and the C-axis rotating module (10) are used to control the rotation of the product to be cut along the vertical plane and the horizontal plane respectively. The B-axis rotating module (8) is provided with a rotating table (9) capable of rotating along the B-axis. One end of the rotating table (9) is connected to the B-axis rotating module (8). The rotating table (9) is provided with a mounting plane (921) for mounting the C-axis rotating module (10). Except for one side close to the B-axis rotating module (8), the other sides of the mounting plane (921) are open so as to place the product to be cut. The C-axis rotating module (10) is provided with a suction nozzle (11), and the suction nozzle (11) is capable of generating negative pressure to suck and fix the product to be cut; A laser module (5), wherein the laser module (5) is fixedly mounted on the support frame (7), and the laser output end of the laser module (5) faces downward; A visual positioning mechanism (12) is located above the product to be cut to perform visual positioning on the product to be cut.

2. According to claim 1, a five-axis laser cutting machine based on digital twin technology is characterized in that: The rotating platform (9) comprises a fixing portion (91) and a mounting portion (92); the mounting portion (92) is perpendicular to the fixing portion (91) and is integrally formed; the mounting portion (92) has a mounting plane (921); and the fixing portion (91) is connected to the C-axis rotating module (10).

3. The five-axis laser cutting machine based on digital twin technology according to claim 2, characterized in that: The mounting portion (92) gradually becomes thicker from an end away from the fixing portion (91) to an end close to the fixing portion (91).

4. The five-axis laser cutting machine based on digital twin technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laser module (5) comprises a laser generator (51), an optical path system (52) and a laser head assembly (53); the laser generator (51) and the optical path system (52) are both fixedly mounted on the support frame (7); the output end of the laser generator (51) is connected to the optical path system (52), and the output end of the optical path system (52) is connected to the laser head assembly (53).

5. The five-axis laser cutting machine based on digital twin technology according to claim 4, characterized in that: The optical path system (52) comprises a plurality of reflective lenses capable of changing the optical path of the laser light emitted from the laser generator (51), and the output end of the optical path system (52) faces downward.

6. The five-axis laser cutting machine based on digital twin technology according to claim 5, characterized in that: A fixing plate (13) is arranged on the support frame (7), and the fixing plate (13) is vertically fixed on the support frame (7) via a reinforcing plate. The laser head assembly (53) is arranged on the fixing plate (13) so as to be movable up and down.

7. The five-axis laser cutting machine based on digital twin technology according to claim 6, characterized in that: The fixed plate (13) is provided with a fixed block (19) and a lifting and fine-tuning assembly. The fixed block (19) is connected to a slide rail fixed on the fixed plate (13) for sliding up and down movement via a slider. A connecting plate (20) is fixedly mounted on the fixed block (19). The laser head assembly (53) is fixedly mounted on the connecting plate (20). The lifting and fine-tuning assembly is connected to the connecting plate (20) in a transmission manner to control the connecting plate (20) to move up and down.

8. The five-axis laser cutting machine based on digital twin technology according to claim 7, characterized in that: The lifting and fine-tuning assembly comprises a driving motor (17) and a screw rod (18) drivingly connected to the output end of the driving motor (17); the connecting piece on the connecting plate (20) is drivingly connected to the screw rod (18) via a screw rod (18) sleeve.

9. The five-axis laser cutting machine based on digital twin technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The visual positioning mechanism (12) comprises a camera (121) and a light source assembly (122); a mounting plate (123) is provided on the support frame (7); the camera (121) is vertically fixed on the mounting plate (123); and the light source assembly (122) is located below the lens of the camera (121) and is fixed on the mounting plate (123).

10. The five-axis laser cutting machine based on digital twin technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention also comprises a frame (1) and a marble base (6), wherein the support frame (7) is fixedly mounted on the marble base (6), the marble base (6), the X-axis moving module (3), the Y-axis moving module (2), the Z-axis moving module (4), the B-axis rotating module (8), the C-axis rotating module (10) and the laser module (5) are all located on the inner side of the frame (1), the Y-axis moving module (2) is mounted on the marble base (6), the X-axis moving module (3) is mounted on a slide plate on the Y-axis moving module (2), the Z-axis moving module (4) is mounted on a slide plate on the X-axis moving module (3), and the B-axis rotating module (8) is mounted on a slide plate on the Z-axis moving module (4).

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