Room-and-pillar stope layout method with rail-guided mining

Abstract

The present application provides a room-and-pillar method for rail-guided mining and layout of a stope, which belongs to the field of underground mine recovery. The room-and-pillar method for rail-guided mining and layout of a stope includes the following steps: dividing the ore body into a middle section along the vertical height, dividing the middle section into panels along the strike of the ore body, dividing the panels into segments along the vertical height, and setting the oblique length of the segmented ore body according to the inclination of the ore body; constructing the main transport tunnel of the middle section at the bottom of the middle section to connect all the panels of the middle section, constructing the panel uphill and return air uphill in the intermediate pillars at both ends of the panel, laying an uphill track in the panel uphill to connect to the main transport track in the main transport tunnel of the middle section, and setting a hoisting winch above the uphill track; using the segment as the stope, dividing the mine room and the ore pillar along the strike of the ore body, recovering all the mine rooms, reserving point pillars when recovering the ore pillars, and laying empty vehicle tracks and heavy vehicle tracks between the point pillars while recovering, until the section is recovered. The present application achieves efficient and safe mining by combining winch rail hoisting and transportation with scraper transportation out of the mine.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of underground mine recovery, and in particular to a room-and-pillar stope rail-based mining arrangement method. Background Art

[0002] Currently, the room-and-pillar method is often used for mining thin, gently inclined ore bodies with stable rock. However, due to factors such as ore handling equipment, stope floor structure, and rapid short-term advance of the working face, trackless mining layout is often used. During ore extraction, electric rakes or scrapers are mainly used to transport the collapsed ore to the stope chute, from which it is discharged into the mine carts in the middle transport lane. Alternatively, scrapers are used to directly load the collapsed ore into the mine carts in the middle transport lane. When the "electric rake mechanical transportation + funnel bottom structure" is used for ore extraction, although the equipment is easy to maintain and has good adaptability, it has disadvantages such as low ore extraction efficiency, high labor intensity, and short electric rake hauling distance. When the "scraper transportation + flat bottom structure" is used for ore extraction, although the shift efficiency is high and the labor intensity is low, it has disadvantages such as poor ore body adaptability and high long-distance transportation costs. Especially when the stope floor slope fluctuates greatly, the equipment's travel capacity and shift efficiency are greatly reduced. In addition, affected by the optimal transportation distance of transportation equipment, the geometric parameters of the mining area are relatively small during trackless mining layout (the middle section height is generally 15~20m, and the oblique length of the middle section ore body is 50~60m). This leads to problems such as a large number of middle section layouts of mines, a large amount of development and mining engineering, high ore transportation costs, and a large mining ratio. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the technical problems existing in the background technology, the present application provides a room-and-pillar mining method with tracked arrangement, aiming to solve the technical problems of low mining efficiency of trackless mining and a large number of middle-section main transport tunnels that need to be developed.

[0004] The present invention provides a room-and-pillar stope track-based mining arrangement method, comprising the following steps:

[0005] S1. The ore body is divided into a middle section along the vertical height, the middle section is divided into panels along the ore body strike, and the panels are divided into sections along the vertical height; the middle section height is 40-50m; pillars are reserved between panels; when the ore body dip is less than 12°, the oblique length of the section is 70-80m; when the ore body dip is ≥12°, the oblique length of the section is 40-50m;

[0006] S2. Construct the main transport tunnel of the middle section at the bottom of the middle section to connect all the panels in the middle section. Construct the panel uphill section and the return air uphill section in the columns at both ends of the panel to connect to the main transport tunnel of the upper middle section. Lay an uphill track in the panel uphill section to connect to the main transport track in the main transport tunnel of the middle section. Install a hoisting winch above the uphill track.

[0007] S3. Use the sections as the mining area, divide the ore rooms and pillars along the direction of the ore body, and mine all the ore rooms. When mining the pillars, reserve point pillars, and lay empty vehicle tracks and heavy vehicle tracks between the point pillars while mining until the mining of this section is completed; the empty vehicle tracks are inclined downward along the direction of the empty vehicle's advance, and the heavy vehicle tracks are inclined downward along the direction of the heavy vehicle's advance.

[0008] In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, the middle section is divided along the vertical height, the middle section is divided into the pan area along the direction of the ore body, and the pan area is divided into segments along the vertical height. During the segmentation process, the oblique length of the segmented ore body is controlled within different ranges according to the different inclination angles of different positions of the ore body, thereby providing favorable conditions for rail transportation; the pan area uphill and return air uphill are constructed separately in the pan area inter-column, and the uphill track is laid in the pan area uphill; at the same time, the empty vehicle track and the heavy vehicle track are laid between the segmented inter-columns, thereby smoothly realizing rail mining.

[0009] In some embodiments, the slopes of the empty vehicle track and the loaded vehicle track are both 7-10‰; the slope of the uphill track is the same as the slope of the uphill bottom plate of the disk area.

[0010] In this embodiment, by reasonably setting the slopes of the empty vehicle track and the loaded vehicle track, power is provided for the smooth advancement of the empty mine car and the fully loaded mine car in the segment.

[0011] In some embodiments, an empty vehicle track switch with a curvature radius of 11 to 13 m is provided at the connection between the empty vehicle track and the uphill track; a heavy vehicle track switch with a curvature radius of 5 to 7 m is provided at the connection between the heavy vehicle track and the uphill track; and a mine exit switch is provided at the connection between the empty vehicle track and the heavy vehicle track.

[0012] In this embodiment, by setting up an empty car track switch, it is convenient for empty mine cars to smoothly enter the empty car track from the uphill track, and thus enter the goaf to load ore; by setting up a heavy car track switch, it is convenient for fully loaded mine cars to smoothly enter the uphill track from the heavy car track switch, and then enter the transport track in the main transport tunnel in this middle section; by setting up a mine exit switch, it is convenient for empty mine cars to smoothly enter the heavy car track from the empty car track.

[0013] In some embodiments, a dispatching winch is arranged above the mine switch and above the heavy vehicle track; the motor power of the dispatching winch is 20~30kW, and the maximum static tension of the wire rope connected above the dispatching winch is 15~18kN; the motor power of the hoisting winch is 40~50kW, the maximum hoisting speed is 1.5~1.6m / s, and the maximum static tension of the wire rope connected above the hoisting winch is 18~22kN.

[0014] In this embodiment, by setting up a dispatching winch, when the empty mine car reaches the end of the empty car track, the dispatching winch can perform transition traction and deceleration on the empty mine car, so that the empty mine car can safely reach the loading point.

[0015] In some embodiments, the mine exit route is: the empty mine car enters the uphill track through the middle section main transport tunnel, enters the empty track switch from the uphill track under the traction of the hoisting winch, and then reaches the end of the empty track by gravity, and is pulled by the dispatching winch from the mine exit switch to the loading point of the heavy vehicle track. The scraper transfers the collapsed ore from the mining face to the empty mine car, and the fully loaded mine car runs from the heavy vehicle track to the heavy vehicle switch under the auxiliary traction of the dispatching winch, and then returns to the middle section main transport tunnel through the uphill track under the traction of the hoisting winch.

[0016] In this embodiment, by rationally arranging the lines and scientifically designing the tracks, the mine car can be transported out of the mine without power, effectively saving the power consumption of the mine, and at the same time perfectly realizing the seamless connection between the mine discharge and the uphill hoisting.

[0017] In some embodiments, the uphill track is a 22kg / m steel rail with a track gauge of 600mm; the empty vehicle track and the heavy vehicle track are 15kg / m steel rails with a track gauge of 600mm.

[0018] In this embodiment, the types of rails are reasonably set according to the different uses of the uphill track, the empty vehicle track and the heavy vehicle track, thereby improving safety.

[0019] In some embodiments, the width of the mine room is 11-13 m; the size of the point pillar is (4.0-4.5) m×(4.0-4.5) m, and the spacing between adjacent point pillars reserved in the mine pillar is 4.0-10.0 m.

[0020] In this embodiment, efficient segmented mining is achieved by reasonably setting the width of the mine room and the pillars; and by reasonably setting the size and spacing of the point pillars, as much ore as possible is recovered while supporting the goaf and maintaining the stability of the surrounding rock.

[0021] In some embodiments, a top column is reserved above the middle section, and a bottom column is reserved below the middle section, and the width of the top column and the bottom column are both 5.0~7.0m.

[0022] In this embodiment, by reserving top columns above the middle section and bottom columns below the middle section, the adjacent middle sections are separated to prevent the collapse of the upper and lower middle section goafs from adversely affecting the main transport tunnel in the middle section.

[0023] In some embodiments, the width of the pillars is 13-14 m, the width of the upper hill of the panel area is 3-4 m, and the heights of the pillars and the upper hill of the panel area are both the thickness of the ore body.

[0024] In this embodiment, by reasonably setting the width of the intermediate columns, different panel areas are separated and the stability of the surrounding rock is maintained; by reasonably setting the width of the panel area going uphill, conditions are provided for laying the uphill track and running of the mine car.

[0025] In some embodiments, the scraper is an electric scraper with a bucket capacity of 0.8 to 1.2 m 3 The mine car is a side-dumping mine car with a bucket capacity of 1.0~1.3m 3 .

[0026] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present application. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present application, it can be implemented in accordance with the contents of the specification. In order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present application are listed below. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] To more clearly illustrate the technical solution of this application, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings used in this application. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from these drawings without inventive effort.

[0028] Figure 1 This is a horizontal projection diagram of the stope of the room-and-pillar stope tracked mining arrangement method in the embodiment of this application;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the stope of the room-and-pillar stope with rail-guided mining arrangement method in the embodiment of this application;

[0030] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A magnified view of middle A;

[0031] Explanation of the accompanying symbols: 1-intermediate pillar; 2-main transport tunnel in the middle section; 3-uphill in the pan area; 4-return air uphill; 5-uphill track; 6-point pillar; 7-empty vehicle track; 8-heavy vehicle track; 9-empty vehicle track switch; 10-heavy vehicle track switch; 11-dispatching winch; 12-lifting winch; 13-mine exit switch; 14-main transport tunnel in the upper middle section; 15-collapsed ore; 16-segmented transport tunnel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following embodiments of the technical solution of the present application will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present application and are therefore only examples and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application.

[0033] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs; the terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application; the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof in the specification and claims of this application and the above-mentioned figure descriptions are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions.

[0034] References herein to "embodiments" mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of this phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it constitute an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive of other embodiments. It is understood, both explicitly and implicitly, by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.

[0035] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the orientation or positional relationship indicated by technical terms such as "length", "width", "thickness", "top" and "bottom" is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be understood as a limitation on the embodiments of the present application.

[0036] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, technical terms such as "installed," "connected," "connected," and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integration; mechanical connections or electrical connections; direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; internal connections between two components or interactions between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present application based on specific circumstances.

[0037] At present, when the room-and-pillar method is used to mine thin, gently inclined ore bodies with stable ore rock, trackless ore removal methods such as electric rakes or scrapers are mostly used inside the middle section of the stope, and the ore removal efficiency is relatively low. At the same time, in order to adapt to trackless ore removal, the middle section height is relatively small when the ore body is divided, resulting in a large number of middle section arrangements and a large number of middle section main transport tunnels that need to be developed.

[0038] In order to solve the technical problems of low mining efficiency and a large number of middle-section main transport tunnels that need to be developed in the trackless mining method, the present application provides a rail-based mining layout method for the room-and-pillar method, wherein the middle section is divided along the vertical height, the middle section is divided into panel areas along the direction of the ore body, and the panel areas are divided into sections along the vertical height. During the section division process, the oblique length of the segmented ore body is controlled within different ranges according to the different inclination angles of the ore body at different positions, providing favorable conditions for rail transportation; the panel area uphill and return air uphill are constructed separately in the panel area inter-column, and the uphill track is laid in the panel area uphill; at the same time, empty vehicle tracks and heavy vehicle tracks are laid between the inter-column of the sections. By combining the winch rail lifting transportation with the shovel loader transportation to move out of the mine, a safe, reliable and economical room-and-pillar method mining layout method is formed, which can not only save the mining engineering volume and shorten the middle-section preparation time, but also give full play to the technical advantages of rail equipment.

[0039] Please refer to Figure 1-Figure 3 The present invention provides a room-and-pillar stope tracked mining arrangement method, comprising the following steps:

[0040] S1. The ore body is divided into a middle section along the vertical direction, which is then divided into panels along the strike direction, and the panels are further divided into sections along the vertical direction. The middle section is 40-50 m high, and the oblique length of the ore body in the middle section exceeds 200 m. A spacer pillar (1) is reserved between adjacent panels. When the ore body dip is less than 12°, the oblique length of the subsection is 70-80 m. When the ore body dip is ≥12°, the oblique length of the subsection is 40-50 m. Spacer pillar (1) is a continuous pillar.

[0041] In this step, the gently inclined thin ore body is divided into a middle section with a height of 40 to 50 meters along the vertical direction. Compared with the conventional middle section with a height of 15 to 20 meters, this application reduces the division of the middle section, thereby reducing the number of main transport tunnels in the middle section and reducing the amount of mining engineering. Then, the middle section with a longer oblique length is divided into different disk areas along the direction of the ore body, and the disk area is divided into segments along the vertical direction. During the segmentation process, the oblique length of the segmented ore body is controlled within different ranges according to the different inclination angles of different positions of the ore body (when the inclination angle of the ore body is small, the oblique length of the segmented ore body is relatively long; when the inclination angle of the ore body is large, the oblique length of the segmented ore body is relatively short), thereby reasonably controlling the maximum step distance of the subsequently laid empty vehicle track 7 and heavy vehicle track 8, avoiding the impact of the equipment performance and ore-extraction efficiency due to the excessive step distance of the empty vehicle track 7 and heavy vehicle track 8 when the inclination angle of the ore body is large, and avoiding the problem of low ore-extraction efficiency caused by the frequent laying and recovery of tracks due to the short step distance of the empty vehicle track 7 and heavy vehicle track 8 when the inclination angle of the ore body is small.

[0042] S2. Construct the main transport tunnel 2 of the middle section at the bottom of the middle section to connect all the panels of the middle section. Construct the panel uphill 3 and the return air uphill 4 in the intermediate columns 1 at both ends of the panel, respectively, so that the panel uphill 3 and the return air uphill 4 are connected to the upper middle section main transport tunnel 14. Lay an uphill track 5 in the panel uphill 3, so that the uphill track 5 is connected to the transport track set in the main transport tunnel 2 of the middle section and the transport track set in the upper middle section main transport tunnel 14 (setting a transport track in the main transport tunnel of the middle section is a conventional setting in mining projects in this field and will not be repeated here). Set a corresponding hoisting winch 12 above the uphill track 5. Specifically, the main transport tunnel 2 of the middle section and the upper middle section main transport tunnel 14 are set along the strike of the ore body, and the panel uphill 3 and the return air uphill 4 are set along the dip direction of the ore body. When mining the ore body, the upper middle section is mined first and then the current middle section. When mining each middle section, it is mined in panels along the direction of the ore body. Therefore, when mining the current middle section, the main transport tunnel 14 of the upper middle section has been excavated. When mining the first panel in the middle section, it is necessary to construct the panel uphill 3 and the return air uphill 4 respectively. When mining subsequent panels, only the panel uphill 3 needs to be constructed. At this time, the panel uphill 3 of the adjacent panel is used as the return air uphill 4 of this panel.

[0043] In this step, the central section of the main transport tunnel 2 is constructed at the bottom of the panel area. Simultaneously, the panel area uphill tunnel 3 and the return air uphill tunnel 4 are constructed in the intermediate pillars 1 at both ends of the panel area, forming a ventilation circuit. Specifically, fresh air flows from the panel area uphill tunnel 3 through the goaf to the mining face of the stope. After flushing the working face, the polluted air flows from the mining face through the goaf into the return air uphill tunnel 4, and finally flows into the main return air shaft and is discharged to the surface. An uphill track 5 is laid in the panel area uphill tunnel 3, and a hoisting winch 12 is installed above the uphill track 5. The coordinated cooperation of the uphill track 5 and the hoisting winch 12 allows mine cars to enter and exit the panel area uphill tunnel 3 smoothly, providing the necessary conditions for tracked mining.

[0044] S3. Using the subsections as stopes, divide the mine rooms and pillars along the ore body's strike. The mine rooms are all mined, and point pillars 6 are reserved for mined pillars. During mining, empty car tracks 7 and loaded car tracks 8 are laid between the point pillars 6 until the subsection is completely mined. The empty car tracks 7 slope downward in the direction of the empty car's advance, while the loaded car tracks 8 slope downward in the direction of the loaded car's advance. Specifically, the upper subsection is mined first, followed by the current subsection. As the subsections are mined, the lengths of the empty car tracks 7 and loaded car tracks 8 gradually increase as the subsections are mined. By the time the subsections are mined to the end, their lengths equal the length of the subsection. Empty ore cars travel along the empty car tracks 7 to the loading site, where scrapers load the caving ore 15 into the empty cars. Fully loaded ore cars then remove the caving ore 15 along the loaded car tracks 8. The empty and fully loaded ore cars travel in opposite directions, meaning the empty car tracks 7 and loaded car tracks 8 have opposite inclinations.

[0045] In this step, mining is carried out in sections, and the room-and-pillar method is used to mine the sections and reserve point pillars 6. The presence of point pillars 6 can support the goaf and ensure the stability of the surrounding rock. As mining continues, empty vehicle tracks 7 and heavy vehicle tracks 8 are laid between the point pillars 6 to form a segmented transport tunnel 16, that is, the segmented transport tunnel 16 is gradually formed during the mining process. It can be understood that when mining is carried out in the top segment of each middle section, it is necessary to construct a mining field cutting tunnel in advance, which also serves as the segmented transport tunnel 16 of the disk area to form a return air system. At this time, empty vehicle tracks 7 and heavy vehicle tracks 8 are laid in the segmented transport tunnel 16 while mining, and the mine room and the mine pillars are mined at the same time or the mine room is mined first and then the mine pillars; the remaining sections do not need to be additionally constructed with segmented transport tunnels 16 in advance. When mining the remaining sections, the empty vehicle tracks 7 and heavy vehicle tracks 8 in the upper section can be used first. When mining a part away from the upper section, empty vehicle tracks 7 and heavy vehicle tracks 8 can be set up between the point pillars 6 of this section to facilitate transportation. The empty car track 7 and the loaded car track 8 provide favorable conditions for the empty mine car and the fully loaded mine car to enter the segment smoothly, respectively, to ensure the smooth operation of the tracked ore discharge within the segment, thereby improving the ore discharge efficiency. In addition, the travel routes of the empty mine car and the fully loaded mine car are separated, that is, the empty car track 7 and the loaded car track 8 are respectively set, so that the transportation process of the empty mine car and the fully loaded mine car does not interfere with each other, and the inclination directions of the empty mine car track 7 and the loaded car track 8 are set to be opposite, so that the empty mine car and the fully loaded mine car are both downhill during the forward process, further improving the ore discharge efficiency.

[0046] In the technical solution of the embodiment of this application, by combining winch rail hoisting and transportation with scraper ore removal, a safe, reliable, and economical room-and-pillar stope mining layout method is formed. This not only saves mining engineering workload and shortens mid-stage preparation time, but also fully utilizes the technical advantages of rail equipment, effectively alleviates the shortcomings of scraper ore body adaptability, improves ore removal efficiency, and realizes a combined integrated innovation of mining equipment in ore body mining. The equipment used in this method is conventional ore removal equipment, with simple process, low cost, and broad application prospects, providing a guiding basis for mine production adjustment and operation management.

[0047] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the slopes of both the empty vehicle track 7 and the loaded vehicle track 8 are 7-10‰; the slope of the uphill track 5 is the same as the slope of the floor of the panel area uphill 3. Specifically, during the laying process of the empty vehicle track 7 and the loaded vehicle track 8, the slopes are controlled by laying a crushed stone cushion on the floor of the goaf. The slope of the empty vehicle track 7 is recorded as a positive slope, i.e., +(7-10)‰; the slope of the loaded vehicle track 8 is recorded as a negative slope, i.e., -(7-10)‰.

[0048] In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, by controlling the slope of the empty vehicle track 7 and the heavy vehicle track 8 within a reasonable range, it is possible to provide power for the smooth advancement of empty mine cars and fully loaded mine cars in the segments; at the same time, it can also avoid the risk of overturning of empty mine cars and fully loaded mine cars due to excessive forward speed when the slope is too high.

[0049] Furthermore, in some embodiments, Figure 3 As shown, a switch 9 for the empty vehicle track 7 and the uphill track 5 is provided at the junction, with a curvature radius of 11 to 13 meters. A switch 10 for the heavy vehicle track 8 and the uphill track 5 is provided at the junction, with a curvature radius of 5 to 7 meters. A switch 13 for the mine exit is provided at the junction of the empty vehicle track 7 and the heavy vehicle track 8. Specifically, the curved concave surfaces of the empty vehicle track switch 9 and the heavy vehicle track switch 10 are arranged toward the upper middle section main transport tunnel 14.

[0050] In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, by setting an empty track switch 9 at the connection between the empty track 7 and the uphill track 5, it is convenient for the empty mine car to smoothly enter the empty track 7 from the uphill track 5, and thus enter the goaf to load ore. By setting a heavy track switch 10 at the connection between the heavy track 8 and the uphill track 5, it is convenient for the fully loaded mine car to smoothly enter the uphill track 5 from the heavy track switch 10, and then enter the transport track in the main transport tunnel 2 of this middle section, and then smoothly transport the ore to the surface through the main transport system. By setting a mine-out switch 13, it is convenient for the empty mine car to smoothly enter the heavy track 8 from the empty track 7. The curved concave surfaces of the empty track switch 9 and the heavy track switch 10 are set toward the upper middle section main transport tunnel 14, so that the empty mine car has a certain initial speed when entering the empty track 7, so that it can slide to the end of the empty track 7 by inertia, and the fully loaded mine car has a certain upward trend when leaving the heavy track 8, which slows down the forward speed of the fully loaded mine car and prevents overturning.

[0051] Furthermore, in some embodiments, Figure 3 As shown, a dispatching winch 11 is arranged above the mine turnout 13 and above the heavy vehicle track 8; the motor power of the dispatching winch 11 is 20~30kW, and the maximum static tension of the wire rope connected above the dispatching winch 11 is 15~18kN; the motor power of the hoisting winch 12 is 40~50kW, the maximum hoisting speed is 1.5~1.6m / s, and the maximum static tension of the wire rope connected above the hoisting winch 12 is 18~22kN.

[0052] In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, by arranging a dispatching winch 11 above the mine turnout 13 and above the heavy vehicle track 8, when the empty mine car reaches the end of the empty vehicle track 7, the dispatching winch 11 can perform transitional traction and deceleration on the empty mine car, allowing the empty mine car to safely reach the loading point. The motor power and the maximum static tension of the wire rope of the dispatching winch 11 and the hoisting winch 12 are reasonably set according to their different uses, so that the dispatching winch 11 and the hoisting winch 12 can better function.

[0053] Furthermore, in some embodiments, Figure 3 As shown, the mining route is: the empty mine car enters the uphill track 5 through the main transport tunnel 2 of this middle section, and enters the empty car track switch 9 from the uphill track 5 under the traction of the hoisting winch 12, and then reaches the end of the empty car track 7 by the gravity of the empty mine car itself, and is pulled by the dispatching winch 11 to the mining switch 13 to the loading point of the heavy car track 8. At the same time, the scraper transfers the collapsed ore 15 from the mining face to the empty mine car, and then the fully loaded mine car slowly runs from the heavy car track 8 to the heavy car track switch 10 under the auxiliary traction of the dispatching winch 11 and the mutual coordination of the fully loaded mine car's own weight, and then returns to the main transport tunnel 2 of this middle section through the uphill track 5 under the traction of the hoisting winch 12, and uses the transport track in the main transport tunnel 2 of this middle section to transport the ore to the surface through the main hoisting system. Specifically, the scraper's route is as follows: the scraper transports the caving ore 15 from the caving ore pile to the loading point of the empty mine car, and then returns to the caving ore pile along the same route after loading. In actual production, the empty mine car loading point is set near the location of the caving ore pile to reduce the scraper's route.

[0054] In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, by rationally arranging the lines and scientifically designing the tracks, rapid rail-based ore removal is achieved through the coordinated cooperation of the uphill track 5, the empty car switch 9, the empty car track 7, the ore removal switch 13, the heavy car track 8, the heavy car switch 10, the hoisting winch 12, and the dispatching winch 11. At the same time, the mine car can be unpowered to remove the ore, effectively saving the power consumption of the ore removal, and perfectly achieving the seamless connection between the ore removal from the stope and the uphill hoisting.

[0055] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the uphill track 5 is a 22 kg / m steel rail with a track gauge of 600 mm; the empty vehicle track 7 and the loaded vehicle track 8 are 15 kg / m steel rails with a track gauge of 600 mm.

[0056] In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, the types of rails are reasonably set according to the different uses of the uphill track 5, the empty vehicle track 7 and the heavy vehicle track 8 to improve safety.

[0057] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the width of the mine room is 11-13 m; the size of the point pillar 6 is (4.0-4.5) m×(4.0-4.5) m, and the spacing between adjacent point pillars 6 reserved in the mine pillar is 4.0-10.0 m.

[0058] In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, by reasonably setting the width of the mine room and the pillars, efficient segmented mining is achieved; by reasonably setting the size and spacing of the point pillars 6, as much ore as possible can be recovered while supporting the goaf and maintaining the stability of the surrounding rock; by reasonably setting the width of the mine room, the size and spacing of the point pillars 6, favorable conditions are provided for the laying of the empty vehicle track 7 and the heavy vehicle track 8.

[0059] Furthermore, in some embodiments, a top pillar is reserved above the middle section, and a bottom pillar is reserved below the middle section, and the width of the top pillar and the bottom pillar are both 5.0-7.0 m. Specifically, the top pillar and the bottom pillar are continuous pillars.

[0060] In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, the adjacent middle sections are separated by reserving top columns above the middle section and bottom columns below the middle section, thereby preventing the collapse of the upper and lower middle section goafs from adversely affecting the main transport tunnel 2 of the middle section.

[0061] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the width of the intermediate pillar 1 is 13-14 meters, the width of the upper plate 3 is 3-4 meters, and the heights of the intermediate pillar 1 and the upper plate 3 are both equal to the thickness of the ore body. Specifically, the width of the upper plate 3 is greater than the maximum width of the mine car.

[0062] In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, by properly setting the width of the intermediate pillars 1, different plate areas are separated and the stability of the surrounding rock is maintained. By properly setting the width of the plate area uphill 3, conditions are provided for laying the uphill track 5 and the movement of the mine car.

[0063] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the scraper is an electric scraper with a bucket capacity of 0.8 to 1.2 m 3 The mine car is a side-dumping mine car with a bucket capacity of 1.0~1.3m 3 .

[0064] The following are some specific examples. It should be noted that the examples described below are illustrative and are only used to explain this application, and should not be understood as limiting this application. If specific techniques or conditions are not specified in the examples, the techniques or conditions described in the literature in this field or the product instructions shall be followed.

[0065] Example 1

[0066] Let's take a phosphate mine in Sichuan, my country, as an example. The mine's specific characteristics are: the ore seam is a single-layer structure, occurring within light gray, gray, and dark gray dolostone. The ore body is relatively stable, with an average thickness of 2.5 meters and an average dip of 10°. There are significant local fluctuations, with a maximum dip of 17°. The mine is designed to utilize the room-and-pillar mining method, with a combination of scrapers and ore trucks for ore removal.

[0067] The room-and-pillar stope tracked mining layout method includes the following steps:

[0068] S1. The ore body is divided vertically into six middle sections at 2780m, 2740m, 2700m, 2650m, 2600m, and 2550m. Each section is 40-50m high and 200-300m long. Top and bottom pillars are reserved between adjacent sections. These pillars are continuous and 5.0-7.0m wide.

[0069] The middle section is divided into 10 panels along the strike of the ore body, with pillar 1 reserved between adjacent panels. Pillar 1 is a continuous ore pillar with a width of 13.6m and a height equal to the thickness of the ore body.

[0070] The panel area is divided into 3 to 5 segments along the vertical direction. The number and spacing of the segments vary according to the inclination of the mining section: when the inclination of the ore body is less than 12°, the oblique length of the segmented ore body is controlled at 70 to 80m; when the inclination is ≥12°, the oblique length is controlled at 40 to 50m.

[0071] S2. Construct the main transport tunnel 2 of the middle section at the bottom of the middle section to connect all the panels of the middle section, construct the panel uphill 3 and the return air uphill 4 in the intermediate columns 1 at both ends of the panel, so that the panel uphill 3 and the return air uphill 4 are connected with the main transport tunnel 14 of the upper middle section, lay the uphill track 5 in the panel uphill 3, so that the uphill track 5 is connected with the transport track set in the main transport tunnel 2 of the middle section and the transport track set in the main transport tunnel 14 of the upper middle section, and set the corresponding lifting winch 12 above the uphill track 5.

[0072] The width of the upper hill 3 in the pan area is 3.6m and the height is the thickness of the ore body.

[0073] The uphill track 5 is a 22kg / m steel rail with a track gauge of 600mm.

[0074] The hoist winch 12 is a JTP-1.0×1.0P model with a 45kW motor and a maximum hoisting speed of 1.59m / s. The maximum static tension of the wire rope connected to the hoist winch 12 is 20kN. The hoisting of the panel area uphill is done by a tandem hoist, with two mine cars being hoisted at a time.

[0075] S3. Use the sections as the mining area and divide the ore rooms and pillars along the direction of the ore body. All the ore rooms are mined out. When mining the pillars, reserve point pillars 6. While mining, lay empty vehicle tracks 7 and heavy vehicle tracks 8 between the point pillars 6 until the mining of this section is completed; the empty vehicle tracks 7 are inclined downward along the direction of the empty vehicle's advance, and the heavy vehicle tracks 8 are inclined downward along the direction of the heavy vehicle's advance.

[0076] The width of the mine room is 12m; the size of the point column 6 is 4.5m×4.5m, and the spacing between adjacent point columns 6 reserved in the mine pillar is 8m.

[0077] The slope of the empty vehicle track 7 is +8‰, and the slope of the heavy vehicle track 8 is -8‰. Both the empty vehicle track 7 and the heavy vehicle track 8 are made of 15kg / m steel rails with a gauge of 600mm. At the connection between the empty vehicle track 7 and the uphill track 5, there is an empty vehicle track switch 9 with a curvature radius of 12m, and the empty vehicle track switch 9 is a ZDK615\4\12 switch; at the connection between the heavy vehicle track 8 and the uphill track 5, there is a heavy vehicle track switch 10 with a curvature radius of 6m, and the heavy vehicle track switch 10 is a ZDK615\3\6 switch; at the connection between the empty vehicle track 7 and the heavy vehicle track 8, there is a mine exit switch 13.

[0078] A dispatching winch 11 is installed above the mine turnout 13 and the heavy vehicle track 8. The dispatching winch 11 is of JD-1.6 model with a motor power of 25kW. The maximum static tension of the wire rope connected to the dispatching winch 11 is 16kN. The scraper is an electric scraper with a bucket capacity of 1.0m 3 The mine car is a side-dumping mine car with a bucket capacity of 1.2m 3 .

[0079] It should be noted that the present application is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments. The above-mentioned embodiments are merely examples, and any embodiments having substantially the same structure and effect as the technical concept within the scope of the present application are all included in the technical scope of the present application. In addition, without departing from the scope of the present application, any other embodiments that can be conceived by those skilled in the art and that combine some of the constituent elements in the embodiments are also included in the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A room-and-pillar stope tracked mining arrangement method, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. The ore body is divided into a middle section along the vertical height, the middle section is divided into panels along the ore body strike, and the panels are divided into sections along the vertical height; the height of the middle section is 40-50m; pillars are reserved between panels; when the ore body dip is less than 12°, the oblique length of the section is 70-80m; when the ore body dip is ≥12°, the oblique length of the section is 40-50m; S2. Construct the main transport tunnel of the middle section at the bottom of the middle section to connect all the panels in the middle section. Construct the panel uphill section and the return air uphill section in the columns at both ends of the panel to connect to the main transport tunnel of the upper middle section. Lay an uphill track in the panel uphill section to connect to the main transport track in the main transport tunnel of the middle section. Install a hoisting winch above the uphill track. S3. Using the subsection as the stope, divide the ore chamber and ore pillars along the strike of the ore body. Mining all the ore chambers. When mining the ore pillars, reserve point pillars. Lay empty vehicle tracks and heavy vehicle tracks between the point pillars while mining until the subsection is mined. The empty vehicle tracks are inclined downward in the direction of the empty vehicle's advance, and the heavy vehicle tracks are inclined downward in the direction of the heavy vehicle's advance. An empty vehicle track switch with a curvature radius of 11 to 13 m is provided at the connection between the empty vehicle track and the uphill track; a heavy vehicle track switch with a curvature radius of 5 to 7 m is provided at the connection between the heavy vehicle track and the uphill track; and a mine exit switch is provided at the connection between the empty vehicle track and the heavy vehicle track.

2. The room-and-pillar stope tracked mining layout method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slopes of the empty vehicle track and the loaded vehicle track are both 7-10‰; the slope of the uphill track is the same as the slope of the uphill bottom plate of the pan area.

3. The room-and-pillar stope tracked mining layout method according to claim 1, characterized in that: A dispatching winch is arranged above the mine turnout and above the heavy vehicle track; the motor power of the dispatching winch is 20-30kW, and the maximum static tension of the wire rope connected above the dispatching winch is 15-18kN; the motor power of the hoisting winch is 40-50kW, the maximum hoisting speed is 1.5-1.6m / s, and the maximum static tension of the wire rope connected above the hoisting winch is 18-22kN.

4. The room-and-pillar stope tracked mining arrangement method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The mine exit route is: the empty mine car enters the uphill track through the middle section main transport tunnel, enters the empty track switch from the uphill track under the traction of the hoisting winch, and then reaches the end of the empty track by gravity, and is pulled by the dispatching winch from the mine exit switch to the loading point of the heavy track. The scraper transfers the collapsed ore from the mining face to the empty mine car, and the fully loaded mine car runs from the heavy track to the heavy track switch under the auxiliary traction of the dispatching winch, and then returns to the middle section main transport tunnel through the uphill track under the traction of the hoisting winch.

5. The room-and-pillar stope tracked mining arrangement method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The uphill track is a 22kg / m steel rail with a track gauge of 600mm; the empty vehicle track and the heavy vehicle track are 15kg / m steel rails with a track gauge of 600mm.

6. The room-and-pillar stope tracked mining arrangement method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The width of the mine room is 11 to 13 m; the size of the point pillar is (4.0 to 4.5) m×(4.0 to 4.5) m, and the spacing between adjacent point pillars reserved in the mine pillar is 4.0 to 10.0 m.

7. The room-and-pillar stope tracked mining arrangement method according to claim 1, characterized in that: A top column is reserved above the middle section, and a bottom column is reserved below the middle section. The widths of the top column and the bottom column are both 5.0 to 7.0 m.

8. The room-and-pillar stope tracked mining layout method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The width of the intermediate pillars is 13 to 14 meters, the width of the upper hill of the panel area is 3 to 4 meters, and the heights of the intermediate pillars and the upper hill of the panel area are both the thickness of the ore body.

9. The room-and-pillar stope tracked mining layout method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The scraper is an electric scraper with a bucket capacity of 0.8 to 1.2 m 3 The mine car is a side-dumping mine car with a bucket capacity of 1.0 to 1.3 m 3 .

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