Continuous measurement device for land surveying and mapping

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of surveying and mapping devices, and discloses a continuous measurement device for land surveying and mapping, which comprises a frame mechanism, a vertical mechanism and a measurement mechanism. The measuring mechanism below the vertical mechanism can be always kept in a vertically downward state through the vertical mechanism, so that the vertical state is also kept when the device is used for surveying and mapping land with inclination, such as an alluvial fan, and the accuracy of a measurement result is ensured; in the running process of the device, a hub motor is driven to rotate, so that a second ring frame is kept in a vertical state, meanwhile, a hollow shaft connected with the hub motor drives a first bevel gear to rotate, then a cam on a transmission shaft is driven to rotate, and a sliding rod is driven to slide up and down; and the conical sounding probe is pushed downwards until the conical sounding probe is inserted into the land surface, so that the land surface hardness in the range is detected, and the probability that geological disasters such as landslide and debris flow occur in the region is obtained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of surveying and mapping devices, and in particular relates to a continuous measuring device for land surveying and mapping. Background Art

[0002] Land surveying is an activity that uses surveying and mapping technology to measure and describe various characteristics of target land, mainly by measuring the boundaries, terrain, and landforms of the land. Publication No. CN114688983A discloses a continuous measuring device for land surveying, including a base plate with wheels, a support frame fixed on the base plate, an L-shaped vertical plate fixed on the support frame, a rack slidably connected to the horizontal part of the L-shaped vertical plate, a No. 1 motor fixed to the vertical part of the L-shaped vertical plate, a gear fixed to the rotating shaft of the No. 1 motor, the gear meshingly connected to the rack, a No. 2 motor fixed to the rack, a rotating plate fixed to the rotating shaft of the No. 2 motor, and a laser measuring head rotatably connected to the end of the rotating plate through a ball head connecting rod. The present invention can perform automatic and continuous surveying in a large range, and ensure the verticality of the measuring head and the ground in steep slope terrain. In addition, the measurement process is more stable by combining drilling with a fixing device.

[0003] However, the above technology has the following problems: during measurement, the laser measuring head is driven to rotate by the second motor, resulting in a circular measuring range, and the subsequent measuring area will overlap with the previous measuring area, resulting in low overall measurement efficiency; at the same time, by using a ball head connecting rod to connect the laser measuring head, although the laser measuring head can remain vertically downward in a stationary state, when the second motor drives the laser measuring head to rotate, only when the rotation speed of the second motor is slow enough can the laser measuring head be guaranteed to be vertically downward during movement, which also reduces the measurement efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a continuous measuring device for land surveying and mapping to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a continuous measuring device for land surveying and mapping, comprising a frame mechanism, the frame mechanism comprising a caster bracket and a support frame, and further comprising: A vertical mechanism, the vertical mechanism is located above the support frame, and comprises an outer frame, a first ring frame is fixedly installed inside the outer frame, a second ring frame is rotatably installed inside the first ring frame, and a hub motor is fixedly connected inside the second ring frame; The measuring mechanism comprises a shell, a fixing plate is fixedly connected to the top of the shell, the fixing plate is fixedly connected to the second ring frame, a transmission shaft is rotatably installed in the shell, a symmetrical cam is fixedly sleeved on the transmission shaft, a sliding groove is provided on the side of the cam and a sliding column is rotatably installed therein, a symmetrical support seat is fixedly connected inside the shell, a sliding rod is rotatably installed on the sliding column, the sliding rod is slidably connected to the side of the support seat, a measuring rod and a conical sounding probe are slidably connected to the bottom surface of the support seat, the top surface of the conical sounding probe is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the sliding rod, a laser head is fixedly connected to the top surface of the measuring rod, a receiving head is fixedly connected to the inside of the support seat, a third spring is elastically connected between the top surface of the measuring rod and the support seat, and a measuring wheel is rotatably installed on the side of the measuring rod.

[0006] Preferably, a circuit box is fixedly connected to the inner bottom surface of the shell, and the circuit box is connected to the cone touch probe, the laser head and the receiving head by wires.

[0007] Preferably, a hollow shaft is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the hub motor, the hollow shaft passes through the fixing plate and extends into the housing, and the cable of the hub motor passes through the hollow shaft and is electrically connected to the circuit box.

[0008] Preferably, a first bevel gear is fixedly sleeved on the hollow shaft, a second bevel gear is fixedly sleeved on the transmission shaft, and the first bevel gear is meshed with the second bevel gear.

[0009] Preferably, a plurality of mounting holes are provided on the bottom side of the second ring frame, and the fixing plate is fixedly connected to the second ring frame by bolts passing through the mounting holes.

[0010] Preferably, a plurality of centrosymmetric telescopic rods are fixedly connected to the top surface of the support frame, and telescopic ends of the telescopic rods are fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the outer bracket.

[0011] Preferably, the telescopic rod outer sleeve is provided with a first spring, and two ends of the first spring are respectively in contact with the top surface of the support frame and the bottom surface of the outer bracket.

[0012] Preferably, a plurality of caster seats are fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the caster bracket, a sliding plate is slidably connected inside the caster seat, a second spring is elastically connected between the sliding plate and the inner top surface of the caster seat, a wheel frame is rotatably mounted on the bottom surface of the sliding plate, and a walking wheel is mounted inside the wheel frame.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. In the present invention, the vertical mechanism is set so that the measuring mechanism below can always maintain a vertical downward state, so that the device can also maintain a vertical state when surveying and mapping land with an inclination such as an alluvial fan, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the measurement result; during the operation of the device, the second ring frame is kept in a vertical state by driving the hub motor to rotate. At this time, the shell fixed below the second ring frame is also kept in a vertical state. At the same time, when the hub motor rotates, the hollow shaft connected to the hub motor drives the first bevel gear to rotate, and the first bevel gear drives the second bevel gear and the transmission shaft fixedly sleeved at the center of the second bevel gear to rotate through meshing transmission. As the transmission shaft rotates, the cam on the transmission shaft rotates, thereby driving the sliding rod to slide up and down. At this time, during the downward movement of the sliding rod, the cone sounding probe is pushed downward until it penetrates into the ground surface, thereby detecting the hardness of the ground surface within the range to obtain the probability of geological disasters such as landslides and mud-rock flows occurring in the area.

[0014] 2. Secondly, through the set measuring rod, measuring wheel, laser head and receiving head, as the device moves on the land surface, when the land surface is undulating or concave, the measuring rod and measuring wheel will move up or down accordingly, thereby changing the distance between the laser head and the receiving head. As the receiving head transmits the data into the program in the circuit box through the circuit, a topographic map of the area measured by the device is finally obtained, so that a full understanding of the surface after the device is measured can be obtained. At the same time, the device can continuously move and measure without stopping during measurement, and will not repeat the measurement of the measured area. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the framework structure of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the caster seat of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the vertical mechanism of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a cross-sectional view of the structure of the measuring mechanism of the present invention; Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 Enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0016] In the figure: 1. frame mechanism; 11. caster bracket; 12. support frame; 13. first spring; 14. caster seat; 15. sliding plate; 16. second spring; 17. wheel frame; 18. walking wheel; 2. vertical mechanism; 21. outer bracket; 22. first ring frame; 23. second ring frame; 24. hub motor; 25. hollow shaft; 26. first bevel gear; 27. telescopic rod; 28. mounting hole; 3. measuring mechanism; 31. housing; 32. fixing plate; 33. transmission shaft; 34. second bevel gear; 35. cam; 36. support seat; 37. sliding column; 38. sliding rod; 39. measuring rod; 310. measuring wheel; 311. cone feeler probe; 312. laser head; 313. receiving head; 314. third spring; 315. circuit box. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a continuous measuring device for land surveying and mapping, including a frame mechanism 1, the frame mechanism 1 includes a caster bracket 11 and a support frame 12, and also includes: A vertical mechanism 2, the vertical mechanism 2 is located above the support frame 12, and includes an outer bracket 21, a first ring frame 22 is fixedly installed inside the outer bracket 21, a second ring frame 23 is rotatably installed inside the first ring frame 22, and a hub motor 24 is fixedly connected inside the second ring frame 23; The measuring mechanism 3 comprises a shell 31, a fixing plate 32 is fixedly connected to the top of the shell 31, the fixing plate 32 is fixedly connected to the second ring frame 23, a transmission shaft 33 is rotatably installed in the shell 31, a symmetrical cam 35 is fixedly sleeved on the transmission shaft 33, a sliding groove is provided on the side of the cam 35 and a sliding column 37 is rotatably installed therein, a symmetrical support seat 36 is fixedly connected inside the shell 31, a sliding rod 38 is rotatably installed on the sliding column 37, the sliding rod 38 is slidably connected to the side of the support seat 36, a measuring rod 39 and a conical sounding probe 311 are slidably connected to the bottom surface of the support seat 36, the top surface of the conical sounding probe 311 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the sliding rod 38, a laser head 312 is fixedly connected to the top surface of the measuring rod 39, a receiving head 313 is fixedly connected to the inside of the support seat 36, a third spring 314 is elastically connected between the top surface of the measuring rod 39 and the support seat 36, and a measuring wheel 310 is rotatably installed on the side of the measuring rod 39.

[0019] In the present invention, the vertical mechanism 2 is set so that the measuring mechanism 3 below can always maintain a vertical downward state, so that the device also maintains a vertical state when surveying and mapping land with an inclination such as an alluvial fan, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the measurement result; during the operation of the device, the second ring frame 23 is kept in a vertical state by driving the hub motor 24 to rotate. At this time, the shell 31 fixed below the second ring frame 23 is also kept in a vertical state. At the same time, when the hub motor 24 rotates, the hollow shaft 25 connected to the hub motor 24 drives the first bevel gear 26 to rotate. The first bevel gear 26 drives the second bevel gear 34 and the transmission shaft 33 fixedly sleeved at the center of the second bevel gear 34 to rotate through meshing transmission. As the transmission shaft 33 rotates, the cam 35 on the transmission shaft 33 rotates, thereby driving the sliding rod 38 to slide up and down. At this time, during the downward movement of the sliding rod 38, the cone sounding probe 311 is pushed downward until it penetrates into the ground surface, thereby detecting the hardness of the ground surface within the range to obtain the probability of geological disasters such as landslides and mud-rock flows occurring in the area.

[0020] Secondly, by setting up the measuring rod 39, measuring wheel 310, laser head 312 and receiving head 313, as the device moves on the ground surface, when the ground surface is undulating or concave, the measuring rod 39 and the measuring wheel 310 will move up or down accordingly, thereby changing the distance between the laser head 312 and the receiving head 313. As the receiving head 313 transmits data to the program in the circuit box 315 through the circuit, a topographic map of the area measured by the device is finally obtained, so that a full understanding of the surface after the device is measured can be obtained. At the same time, the device can continue to move and measure without stopping during measurement, and will not repeat the measurement of the measured area.

[0021] like Figure 5 As shown, a circuit box 315 is fixedly connected to the inner bottom surface of the housing 31 , and the circuit box 315 is connected to the cone touch probe 311 , the laser head 312 and the receiving head 313 by wires.

[0022] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the bottom end of the hub motor 24 is fixedly connected with a hollow shaft 25, the hollow shaft 25 passes through the fixing plate 32 and extends into the outer shell 31, the cable of the hub motor 24 passes through the hollow shaft 25 and is electrically connected to the circuit box 315, a first bevel gear 26 is fixedly sleeved on the hollow shaft 25, a second bevel gear 34 is fixedly sleeved on the transmission shaft 33, and the first bevel gear 26 is meshed with the second bevel gear 34.

[0023] When the hub motor 24 rotates to keep the entire vertical mechanism 2 in a vertical state, the rotation of the hub motor 24 drives the first bevel gear 26 fixedly sleeved on the hollow shaft 25 to rotate, and the first bevel gear 26 drives the second bevel gear 34 to rotate, and the second bevel gear 34 drives the transmission shaft 33 to rotate, thereby rotating the cam 35. As the cam 35 rotates, when the sliding column 37 is located at the outermost end of the slide groove on the cam 35, the sliding rod 38 is driven to move downward, thereby pushing the cone sounding probe 311 below downward, so that the cone sounding probe 311 penetrates into the ground below, thereby detecting the hardness of the ground surface, and then when conducting land surveying in the alluvial fan area, the cone sounding probe 311 is used to detect the hardness of the surface ground, thereby preventing the occurrence of geological disasters such as landslides and mudslides.

[0024] like Figure 4 As shown, a plurality of mounting holes 28 are formed on the bottom side of the second ring frame 23 , and the fixing plate 32 is fixedly connected to the second ring frame 23 by bolts passing through the mounting holes 28 .

[0025] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the top surface of the support frame 12 is fixedly connected with a plurality of centrally symmetrical telescopic rods 27, the telescopic ends of the telescopic rods 27 are fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the outer bracket 21, and a first spring 13 is provided on the outer sleeve of the telescopic rod 27, and the two ends of the first spring 13 are respectively abutted against the top surface of the support frame 12 and the bottom surface of the outer bracket 21, and the bottom surface of the caster bracket 11 is fixedly connected with a plurality of caster seats 14, and a sliding plate 15 is slidably connected inside the caster seat 14, and a second spring 16 is elastically connected between the sliding plate 15 and the inner top surface of the caster seat 14, and a wheel frame 17 is rotatably installed on the bottom surface of the sliding plate 15, and a walking wheel 18 is installed inside the wheel frame 17.

[0026] By setting the second spring 16, when a protrusion such as a stone appears in front of a running wheel 18 during the forward movement of the equipment, the running wheel 18 is lifted upward by the protrusion, so that the sliding plate 15 slides upward, so that the running wheel 18 passes over the protrusion. At this time, the remaining running wheels 18 maintain their original running state, thereby preventing the frame mechanism 1 from tilting, causing the device to be unable to continue measuring.

[0027] Working principle: When using the device to continuously measure the land surface in the alluvial fan area, first move the device to the area to be measured, and then drive the device to move together through the walking device. At the beginning of the measurement, start the hub motor 24. At this time, under the rotation of the hub motor 24, the second ring frame 23 will remain in a vertical downward state, and then the measuring mechanism 3 connected to the second ring frame 23 will also remain in a vertical downward state. At the same time, the dead weight of the measuring mechanism 3 also makes it difficult for the hub motor 24 and the second ring frame 23 to tilt.

[0028] As the device is moved by the walking equipment, driven by the hub motor 24, the first bevel gear 26 below the hub motor 24 drives the second bevel gear 34 meshing with it to rotate, thereby driving the transmission shaft 33 to rotate. At this time, the cam 35 rotates with the transmission shaft. As the cam 35 rotates, the sliding rod 38 will slide up and down driven by the sliding column 37. When the sliding rod 38 moves downward, the cone probing probe 311 below will be inserted into the soil below, so that the soil hardness of the area can be obtained through the pressure when inserted into the soil, thereby evaluating the subsequent geological disasters such as landslides and mud-rock flows.

[0029] As the device moves, the measuring wheel 310 also rolls on the ground surface. When a depression appears on the ground surface, the measuring rod 39 slides downward as the third spring 314 pushes it, causing the distance between the laser head 312 and the receiving head 313 to increase. When a bulge appears on the ground surface, the measuring rod 39 is pushed upward, thereby reducing the distance between the laser head 312 and the receiving head 313, and then the topographic data of the measured area is obtained through the recording of the receiving head 313.

[0030] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0031] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A continuous measuring device for land surveying and mapping, comprising a frame mechanism (1), wherein the frame mechanism (1) comprises a caster bracket (11) and a support frame (12), characterized in that: Also includes: A vertical mechanism (2), the vertical mechanism (2) being located above the support frame (12), comprising an outer frame (21), a first ring frame (22) being fixedly mounted inside the outer frame (21), a second ring frame (23) being rotatably mounted inside the first ring frame (22), and a hub motor (24) being fixedly connected inside the second ring frame (23); The measuring mechanism (3) comprises a housing (31), a fixing plate (32) is fixedly connected to the top of the housing (31), the fixing plate (32) is fixedly connected to the second ring frame (23), a transmission shaft (33) is rotatably mounted in the housing (31), a symmetrical cam (35) is fixedly sleeved on the transmission shaft (33), a sliding groove is provided on the side of the cam (35) and a sliding column (37) is rotatably mounted therein, a symmetrical support seat (36) is fixedly connected to the inside of the housing (31), a sliding rod (38) is rotatably mounted on the sliding column (37), and the sliding rod (38) is rotatably mounted on the sliding column (37). The sliding rod (38) is slidably connected to the side of the support seat (36); the bottom surface of the support seat (36) is slidably connected to a measuring rod (39) and a conical sounding probe (311); the top surface of the conical sounding probe (311) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the sliding rod (38); the top surface of the measuring rod (39) is fixedly connected to a laser head (312); the inside of the support seat (36) is fixedly connected to a receiving head (313); a third spring (314) is elastically connected between the top surface of the measuring rod (39) and the support seat (36); and a measuring wheel (310) is rotatably mounted on the side of the measuring rod (39).

2. A continuous measuring device for land surveying and mapping according to claim 1, characterized in that: A circuit box (315) is fixedly connected to the inner bottom surface of the housing (31), and the circuit box (315) is connected to the cone contact probe (311), the laser head (312), and the receiving head (313) by electric wires.

3. A continuous measuring device for land surveying and mapping according to claim 2, characterized in that: A hollow shaft (25) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the wheel hub motor (24); the hollow shaft (25) passes through the fixing plate (32) and extends into the housing (31); a cable of the wheel hub motor (24) passes through the hollow shaft (25) and is electrically connected to the circuit box (315).

4. A continuous measuring device for land surveying and mapping according to claim 3, characterized in that: A first bevel gear (26) is fixedly sleeved on the hollow shaft (25), a second bevel gear (34) is fixedly sleeved on the transmission shaft (33), and the first bevel gear (26) is meshed with the second bevel gear (34).

5. A continuous measuring device for land surveying and mapping according to claim 4, characterized in that: A plurality of mounting holes (28) are provided on the bottom side of the second ring frame (23), and the fixing plate (32) is fixedly connected to the second ring frame (23) by means of bolts passing through the mounting holes (28).

6. A continuous measuring device for land surveying and mapping according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of centrally symmetrical telescopic rods (27) are fixedly connected to the top surface of the support frame (12), and telescopic ends of the telescopic rods (27) are fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the outer bracket (21).

7. A continuous measuring device for land surveying and mapping according to claim 6, characterized in that: The telescopic rod (27) is provided with a first spring (13) on its outer sleeve, and two ends of the first spring (13) are respectively in contact with the top surface of the support frame (12) and the bottom surface of the outer frame (21).

8. The continuous measuring device for land surveying and mapping according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of caster seats (14) are fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the caster bracket (11); a sliding plate (15) is slidably connected inside the caster seat (14); a second spring (16) is elastically connected between the sliding plate (15) and the inner top surface of the caster seat (14); a wheel frame (17) is rotatably mounted on the bottom surface of the sliding plate (15); and a walking wheel (18) is mounted inside the wheel frame (17).

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