Gas reservoir indoor physical simulation experiment high-pressure small-flow measuring device and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a gas reservoir indoor physical simulation experiment high-pressure small-flow measuring device and method.The device comprises a body, a bypass emptying assembly, a controller and a computer, the body comprises a standard volume constant-volume high-pressure containing bin, and a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor are arranged on the upper portion of the standard volume constant-volume high-pressure containing bin; the left end and the right end are respectively connected with a gas circulation pipeline, the end part of each gas circulation pipeline is provided with a joint, the gas circulation pipeline at the left end is provided with an electromagnetic valve A and a manual safety valve A, and the gas circulation pipeline at the right end is provided with an electromagnetic valve B and a manual safety valve B; the left end of the bypass emptying assembly is connected between the manual safety valve A and the connector, and the right end of the bypass emptying assembly is connected between the manual safety valve B and the connector. The controller is connected with the electromagnetic valve A, the electromagnetic valve B, the pressure sensor, the temperature sensor, the bypass emptying assembly and the computer. The problem that an existing gas flowmeter is low in accuracy under the condition of high pressure, small pipeline and small flow is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of flow measurement, and in particular to a high-pressure small flow measurement device and method for a physical simulation experiment in a gas reservoir room. Background Art

[0002] The deep carbonate gas reservoirs in the Sichuan Basin are mostly buried at depths exceeding 3500m, and the formation pressure is usually over 30MPa; the gas reservoirs are relatively dense and low-porosity, and the flow of fluid in the reservoirs is small. In order to achieve the effective development of such gas reservoirs, it is usually necessary to conduct high-pressure and low-flow seepage simulation experiments on such gas reservoirs, so as to achieve accurate determination of small flow under high-pressure conditions.

[0003] At present, flow meters are usually used to measure gas flow. There are three main types of flow meters currently used: the first type is a turbine flow meter, which uses the speed of the rotating impeller in the airflow to measure the flow rate; the second type is an acoustic time difference flow meter, which is suitable for large-size pipelines, engineering and industrial large flow measurements; the third type is a hot wire flow meter, which uses a thermistor to detect the flow velocity in the airflow. However, since the pipeline pressure in the simulation experiment is very high but the pipe diameter and flow rate are very small, and the above-mentioned gas flow meters are usually only suitable for large-size pipelines, engineering and industrial large flow measurements under medium and low pressure conditions, the moving metering parts of the metering instrument under high pressure conditions are susceptible to fluctuations and damage, affecting the stability of fluid metering, especially for the high-pressure formation simulation seepage experiment. The metering error of small flow is large. Therefore, in the high-pressure experimental environment simulating actual reservoir conditions, the existing flow meter cannot instantly and accurately measure small flow under high pressure.

[0004] In addition, the patent document with the publication number CN217032612U discloses a small flow gas volume flow measurement device, which includes a shell, a first pipeline, a second pipeline, a third pipeline, an air resistance group and a sensor module, the first pipeline is arranged inside the shell, the two ports of the first pipeline are respectively arranged on the outer surface of the shell, one end of the second pipeline is connected to the pipe wall of the first pipeline, and the other end is connected to the outer surface of the shell, one end of the third pipeline is connected to the pipe wall of the first pipeline that is connected to the first pipeline and the second pipeline at a different axial position, and the other end is arranged on the outer surface of the shell, the air resistance group is arranged inside the first pipeline, the second pipeline and the third pipeline, and the sensor is arranged inside the shell to connect the second pipeline and the third pipeline. The device can measure the volume value of gas flow of microliters / minute and below under high pressure, but the device converts the higher pressure value into a pressure detection device with a lower dynamic range for measurement by using pipeline air resistances of different sizes, and cannot directly measure the tiny flow under high pressure. In addition, its air resistance pipeline can only withstand a certain pressure, but cannot withstand the high pressure of the physical simulation experiment in the gas reservoir. Therefore, it is necessary to develop new technologies to accurately measure small flow rates of gas under high pressure conditions. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art, and to provide a high-pressure small flow measurement device and method for physical simulation experiments in gas reservoirs. The present invention designs and establishes a measurement device suitable for high-pressure and small flow, including a high-pressure and high-precision pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, a small pressure-resistant gas circulation pipeline, etc. Through automatic data collection, automatic conversion of integrated deviation factors and state equations, the measurement of small flow under high-pressure conditions can be more accurately achieved, thereby solving the problem of low accuracy of existing gas flow meters under high-pressure and small flow conditions in small pipelines, and providing timely and accurate experimental basis for the efficient development of gas reservoirs.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A high-pressure and low-flow measuring device for physical simulation experiments in a gas reservoir chamber comprises a main body, a bypass venting component, a controller and a computer, wherein the main body comprises a standard volume constant-capacity high-pressure container, the upper part of which is respectively provided with a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor, the left and right ends of which are respectively connected to gas flow pipes, the ends of which are provided with joints for connecting to an experimental device to be tested, the gas flow pipe at the left end is provided with an electromagnetic valve A and a manual safety valve A, the gas flow pipe at the right end is provided with an electromagnetic valve B and a manual safety valve B, both of which are located between the manual safety valve A and the manual safety valve B; the left end of the bypass venting component is connected between the manual safety valve A and the joint, and the right end is connected between the manual safety valve B and the joint; the controller is respectively connected to the electromagnetic valve A, the electromagnetic valve B, the pressure sensor, the temperature sensor, the bypass venting component and the computer.

[0008] The bypass venting assembly includes a bypass pipeline, a manual safety valve C, a manual safety valve D, a solenoid valve C and a solenoid valve D. The left end and the right end of the bypass pipeline are respectively connected to the gas circulation pipeline. The manual safety valve C and the solenoid valve C are both installed at the left end of the bypass pipeline. The manual safety valve D and the solenoid valve D are both installed at the right end of the bypass pipeline. The manual safety valve C is located between the solenoid valve C and the gas circulation pipeline. The manual safety valve D is located between the solenoid valve D and the gas circulation pipeline, and the solenoid valve C and the solenoid valve D are both connected to the controller.

[0009] The diameter of the gas circulation pipeline is 3 to 5 mm.

[0010] The standard volume constant capacity high pressure storage tank is a cylindrical container made of titanium alloy.

[0011] A method for measuring high pressure and small flow rate in a physical simulation experiment in a gas reservoir chamber comprises the following steps:

[0012] Step 1: The controller controls the manual safety valve A and the manual safety valve B to remain in the open state, and controls the bypass venting component to remain in the closed state;

[0013] Step 2: The controller controls the solenoid valve A to open and the solenoid valve B to close, so that the gas to be tested output by the test device enters the standard volume constant volume high pressure storage tank through the gas flow pipe at the left end, and then waits for time dt 1 Then, the pressure P in the standard volume constant volume high pressure container is measured by the pressure sensor and temperature sensor. 1 and temperature T 1 ;

[0014] Step 3: The controller controls the solenoid valve A to close and waits for a time dt 2 , so that the gas in the standard volume constant volume high pressure container is balanced, and after the balance, the pressure P in the standard volume constant volume high pressure container is measured by the pressure sensor and the temperature sensor 2 and temperature T 2 ;

[0015] Step 4: The controller controls the solenoid valve A to close and the solenoid valve B to open, so that the gas to be tested is discharged from the standard volume constant volume high pressure container through the gas flow pipe at the right end. Wait for time dt 3 ;

[0016] Step 5: The computer determines the volume V and pressure P of the high-pressure storage tank according to the standard volume 1 、Pressure P 2 , Temperature T 1 , Temperature T 2 , deviation factor and waiting time dt 1 Calculate the flow rate of the gas to be measured.

[0017] The calculation method of the flow rate of the gas to be measured is:

[0018]

[0019] Where Q is the flow rate of the gas to be measured, Z1 and Z2 are both deviation factors, which are obtained by calculating the deviation factor in the current state by a computer based on the deviation factor chart of the gas at different pressures and temperatures.

[0020] The waiting time dt 1 Determine the waiting time dt according to the volume of the gas to be tested and the inflow speed 3 Determine the waiting time dt according to the volume and outflow velocity of the gas to be tested 2 For 10 minutes.

[0021] The flow rate of the gas circulation pipeline is 0.001-1000 mL / min.

[0022] The pressure in the standard volume constant capacity high pressure storage tank is 0-50MPa.

[0023] In the measuring method, after the measuring is completed, the controller controls the bypass venting component to open and discharge the gas to be measured.

[0024] The advantages of adopting the present invention are:

[0025] 1. The present invention establishes a measuring device suitable for high-pressure and small flow rates through high-pressure and high-precision pressure sensors, temperature sensors, and small pressure-resistant gas circulation pipelines. The device can more accurately measure small flow rates under high-pressure conditions through automatic data collection, integrated deviation factors, and automatic conversion of state equations, solving the problem of low accuracy of existing gas flow meters under high-pressure and small flow conditions in small pipelines, and providing timely and accurate experimental basis for the efficient development of gas reservoirs.

[0026] 2. The present invention adopts high-pressure and high-precision pressure sensors, temperature sensors, small pressure-resistant gas circulation pipes, and corresponding sealing rings and other equipment and components suitable for high-pressure and low-flow environments, and reasonably combines them. It can instantly test the fluid flow of the inlet and outlet under high-pressure conditions during the flow experiment, and dynamically reflect the reservoir seepage state and capacity during the experiment.

[0027] 3. The present invention realizes the quantification and visualization of the analysis results by automatically collecting and converting flow parameters through computers, and can dynamically obtain the quantitative changes of flow parameters in the seepage process, thereby improving the accuracy of measurement during the experiment, reducing the measurement error, and realizing the integration of experimental flow, parameter collection and automatic conversion and storage, providing a basis for analyzing flow influencing factors, and further guiding the formulation of targeted development technical countermeasures for deep natural gas reservoirs. Therefore, the present invention has obvious advantages.

[0028] 4. The present invention can discharge gas more quickly through the bypass venting component when flow measurement is not required, thereby improving the safety of the test. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 It is a flowchart of the present invention.

[0031] The markings in the figure are: 1. Main body, 2. Standard volume constant capacity high pressure container, 3. Pressure sensor, 4. Temperature sensor, 5. Gas circulation pipeline, 6. Solenoid valve A, 7. Solenoid valve B, 8. Manual safety valve A, 9. Manual safety valve B, 10. Bypass pipeline, 11. Manual safety valve C, 12. Manual safety valve D, 13. Solenoid valve C, 14. Solenoid valve D, 15. Controller, 16. Computer, 17. Connector. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] Example 1

[0033] This embodiment provides a high-pressure small flow measurement device for physical simulation experiments in gas reservoirs. The measurement device is mainly used for measuring small flow rates of gas in high-pressure formation simulation seepage experiments. Figure 1 As shown, it includes a body 1, a bypass venting component, a controller 15 and a computer 16. Among them,

[0034] The body 1 includes a standard volume constant volume high pressure container 2, which is a cylindrical container made of titanium alloy, with a radius r of 5 cm and a height h of 20 cm. A high-precision pressure sensor 3 and a temperature sensor 4 are respectively arranged on the upper part of the standard volume constant volume high pressure container 2, and the bottom of the pressure sensor 3 and the bottom of the temperature sensor 4 are both extended into the standard volume constant volume high pressure container 2, for respectively measuring the pressure and temperature in the standard volume constant volume high pressure container 2. The left and right ends of the standard volume constant volume high pressure container 2 are respectively connected to a gas flow pipe 5 with a diameter of 3 to 5 mm, and the ends of the two gas flow pipes 5 are provided with joints 17, and the standard volume constant volume high pressure container 2 can be connected to the small gas pipe of the experimental device to be tested (such as a core holder) through the joint 17 at the end of the gas flow pipe 5. Then, a solenoid valve A6 and a manual safety valve A8 are provided on the gas circulation pipeline 5 at the left end, and a solenoid valve B7 and a manual safety valve B9 are provided on the gas circulation pipeline 5 at the right end. The solenoid valve A6 and the solenoid valve B7 are both located between the manual safety valve A8 and the manual safety valve B9. Specifically, the solenoid valve A6 is located between the manual safety valve A8 and the standard volume constant volume high-pressure storage tank 2, and the solenoid valve B7 is located between the manual safety valve B9 and the standard volume constant volume high-pressure storage tank 2.

[0035] The bypass venting assembly has a left end and a right end, the left end is connected between the manual safety valve A8 and the joint 17, and the right end is connected between the manual safety valve B9 and the joint 17. Specifically, the bypass venting assembly includes a bypass pipeline 10, a manual safety valve C11, a manual safety valve D12, a solenoid valve C13 and a solenoid valve D14. The left end and the right end of the bypass pipeline 10 are respectively connected to two gas circulation pipelines 5. The manual safety valve C11 and the solenoid valve C13 are both installed at the left end of the bypass pipeline 10, the manual safety valve D12 and the solenoid valve D14 are both installed at the right end of the bypass pipeline 10, the manual safety valve C11 is located between the solenoid valve C13 and the gas circulation pipeline 5, the manual safety valve D12 is located between the solenoid valve D14 and the gas circulation pipeline 5, and the solenoid valve C13 and the solenoid valve D14 are both connected to the controller 15. The bypass venting assembly is provided for venting and measuring safety, and can discharge gas more quickly when flow measurement is not required.

[0036] The controller 15 is connected to the computer 16, the solenoid valve A6, the solenoid valve B7, the pressure sensor 3, the temperature sensor 4, the solenoid valve C13 and the solenoid valve D14 in the bypass vent assembly respectively. The controller 15 is used to control the opening and closing of the solenoid valve A6, the solenoid valve B7, the solenoid valve C13 and the solenoid valve D14 in the bypass vent assembly, to collect the pressure value and the temperature value measured by the pressure sensor 3 and the temperature sensor 4, and to send the collected pressure value and temperature value to the computer 16; and the computer 16 is used to calculate the flow rate of the gas to be measured according to the received pressure value and temperature value and other related data.

[0037] It should be noted that the above-mentioned solenoid valve A6, solenoid valve B7, solenoid valve C13 and solenoid valve D14 are all high-pressure and high-air-tightness solenoid valves. After being installed on the standard volume constant-capacity high-pressure storage tank 2, they have the advantages of high-pressure resistance and good sealing, which can reduce measurement errors and thus improve the accuracy of measurements during the experiment.

[0038] Example 2

[0039] This embodiment provides a method for measuring high pressure and small flow rate in a physical simulation experiment in a gas reservoir on the basis of embodiment 1. Figure 2 As shown, it includes the following steps:

[0040] Step 1: The controller controls the manual safety valve A and the manual safety valve B to remain in the open state, and controls the bypass venting component to remain in the closed state;

[0041] Step 2: The controller controls the solenoid valve A to open and the solenoid valve B to close, so that the gas to be tested outputted from the test device enters the standard volume constant volume high pressure container through the gas flow pipe at the left end. The pressure in the standard volume constant volume high pressure container is 0-50MPa, and the flow rate of the gas flow pipe is 0.001-1000mL / min; then wait for time dt 1 Then, the pressure P in the standard volume constant volume high pressure container is measured by the pressure sensor and temperature sensor. 1 and temperature T 1 ;

[0042] Step 3: The controller controls the solenoid valve A to close and waits for a time dt 2 , so that the gas in the standard volume constant volume high pressure container is balanced, and after the balance, the pressure P in the standard volume constant volume high pressure container is measured by the pressure sensor and the temperature sensor 2 and temperature T 2 ;

[0043] Step 4: The controller controls the solenoid valve A to close and the solenoid valve B to open, so that the gas to be tested is discharged from the standard volume constant volume high pressure container through the gas flow pipe at the right end. Wait for time dt 3 ;

[0044] Step 5: The computer determines the volume V and pressure P of the high-pressure storage tank according to the standard volume 1 、Pressure P 2 , Temperature T 1 , Temperature T 2 , Deviation factor Z 1 With Z 2 and waiting time dt 1 Calculate the flow rate of the gas to be measured.

[0045] Among them, the calculation method of the flow rate of the gas to be measured is:

[0046]

[0047] Where Q is the flow rate of the gas to be measured, Z1 and Z2 are both deviation factors, which are obtained by calculating the deviation factor in the current state by a computer based on the deviation factor chart of the gas at different pressures and temperatures.

[0048] After calculating the flow rate of the gas to be tested, the computer will compare the calculated flow rate with the preset value to analyze whether the measured flow rate is reasonable. If it is reasonable, the controller will control the bypass venting component to discharge the gas to be tested and end the measurement. If it is unreasonable, return to step 1 and re-measure until a reasonable result is obtained.

[0049] It should be noted that during the above measurement process, the waiting time dt 1 It is determined according to the volume of the gas to be measured and the inflow speed, generally ranging from 3min to 60min. In this embodiment, the waiting time dt 1 The waiting time dt is 10min. 3 Determined according to the volume of the gas to be tested and the outflow speed, generally 10 minutes, waiting time dt 2 For 10 minutes.

[0050] Example 3

[0051] This example verifies the method described in Example 2, as follows:

[0052] Step 1: The controller controls manual safety valve A and manual safety valve B to remain in the open state, and controls the bypass vent component to remain in the closed state.

[0053] Step 2: The controller controls the solenoid valve A to open and the solenoid valve B to close, so that the gas to be tested outputted from the test device enters the standard volume constant volume high pressure container with a radius of 5 cm and a height of 20 cm through the gas flow pipe at the left end. The flow rate of the gas flow pipe is QmL / min, and then wait for time dt 1= 10min, and then measure the pressure P in the standard volume constant volume high pressure container through the pressure sensor and temperature sensor 1 =40MPa and temperature T 1 =20℃.

[0054] Step 3: The controller controls the solenoid valve A to close and waits for a time dt 2 = 10min, the gas in the standard volume constant volume high pressure container is balanced, and after the balance, the pressure P in the standard volume constant volume high pressure container is measured by the pressure sensor and the temperature sensor. 2 =45MPa and temperature T 2 =20℃.

[0055] Step 4: The controller controls the solenoid valve A to close and the solenoid valve B to open, so that the gas to be tested is discharged from the standard volume constant volume high pressure container through the gas flow pipe at the right end. Wait for time dt 3 .

[0056] Step 5: The computer determines the volume V and pressure P of the high-pressure storage tank according to the standard volume 1 、Pressure P 2 , Temperature T 1 , Temperature T 2 , compression factor Z 1 With Z 2 and time dt 1 The flow rate of the gas to be measured is calculated as:

[0057]

[0058] =1.62mL / min

[0059] When testing with a gas having a known flow rate of 1.6 mL / min, this method calculated the flow rate to be 1.62 mL / min with an error of 1.25%, which proves that the present invention can obtain results with higher accuracy.

[0060] The above description is only a specific implementation mode of the present invention. Any feature disclosed in this specification, unless otherwise stated, can be replaced by other alternative features that are equivalent or have similar purposes; all the disclosed features, or all the steps in the methods or processes, except for mutually exclusive features and / or steps, can be combined in any way.

Claims

1. A high-pressure and low-flow measuring device for physical simulation experiments in a gas reservoir, characterized in that: It includes a main body, a bypass venting component, a controller and a computer. The main body includes a standard volume constant volume high pressure container, the upper part of which is respectively provided with a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor, the left end and the right end of the standard volume constant volume high pressure container are respectively connected with gas flow pipes, the ends of the gas flow pipes are provided with joints for connecting with the experimental device to be tested, the gas flow pipe at the left end is provided with a solenoid valve A and a manual safety valve A, the gas flow pipe at the right end is provided with a solenoid valve B and a manual safety valve B, both of which are located between the manual safety valve A and the manual safety valve B; the left end of the bypass venting component is connected between the manual safety valve A and the joint, and the right end is connected between the manual safety valve B and the joint; the controller is respectively connected with the solenoid valve A, the solenoid valve B, the pressure sensor, the temperature sensor, the bypass venting component and the computer.

2. The high-pressure and low-flow measuring device for physical simulation experiments in a gas reservoir chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bypass venting assembly includes a bypass pipeline, a manual safety valve C, a manual safety valve D, a solenoid valve C and a solenoid valve D. The left end and the right end of the bypass pipeline are respectively connected to the gas circulation pipeline. The manual safety valve C and the solenoid valve C are both installed at the left end of the bypass pipeline. The manual safety valve D and the solenoid valve D are both installed at the right end of the bypass pipeline. The manual safety valve C is located between the solenoid valve C and the gas circulation pipeline. The manual safety valve D is located between the solenoid valve D and the gas circulation pipeline, and the solenoid valve C and the solenoid valve D are both connected to the controller.

3. The high-pressure and low-flow measuring device for physical simulation experiments in a gas reservoir chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the gas circulation pipeline is 3 to 5 mm.

4. The high-pressure and low-flow measuring device for physical simulation experiments in a gas reservoir chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The standard volume constant capacity high pressure storage tank is a cylindrical container made of titanium alloy.

5. A method for measuring a high pressure and low flow rate in a physical simulation experiment in a gas reservoir according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that The following steps are involved: Step 1: The controller controls the manual safety valve A and the manual safety valve B to remain in the open state, and controls the bypass venting component to remain in the closed state; Step 2: The controller controls the solenoid valve A to open and the solenoid valve B to close, so that the gas to be tested outputted from the test device enters the standard volume constant volume high pressure storage tank through the gas flow pipe at the left end, and then waits for a time dt1, and then measures the pressure P1 and temperature T1 in the standard volume constant volume high pressure storage tank through the pressure sensor and the temperature sensor; Step 3: The controller controls the solenoid valve A to close and waits for a time dt2 to balance the gas in the standard volume constant volume high pressure storage tank. After the balance, the pressure P2 and the temperature T2 in the standard volume constant volume high pressure storage tank are measured by the pressure sensor and the temperature sensor; Step 4: The controller controls the solenoid valve A to close and the solenoid valve B to open, so that the gas to be tested is discharged from the standard volume constant volume high pressure storage tank through the gas flow pipe at the right end, and waits for a time dt3; Step 5: The computer calculates the flow rate of the gas to be measured based on the volume V, pressure P1, pressure P2, temperature T1, temperature T2, deviation factor and waiting time dt1 of the standard volume constant-capacity high-pressure storage tank.

6. The method for measuring high pressure and small flow rate in a physical simulation experiment in a gas reservoir chamber according to claim 5, characterized in that: The calculation method of the flow rate of the gas to be measured is: Where Q is the flow rate of the gas to be measured, Z1 and Z2 are both deviation factors, which are obtained by calculating the deviation factor in the current state by a computer based on the deviation factor chart of the gas at different pressures and temperatures.

7. The method for measuring high pressure and small flow rate in a physical simulation experiment in a gas reservoir chamber according to claim 5, characterized in that: The waiting time dt1 is determined according to the volume of the gas to be measured and the inflow velocity, the waiting time dt3 is determined according to the volume of the gas to be measured and the outflow velocity, and the waiting time dt2 is 10 minutes.

8. The method for measuring high pressure and small flow rate in a physical simulation experiment in a gas reservoir according to claim 5, characterized in that: The flow rate of the gas circulation pipeline is 0.001-1000 mL / min.

9. The method for measuring high pressure and small flow rate in a physical simulation experiment in a gas reservoir according to claim 5, characterized in that: The pressure in the standard volume constant capacity high pressure storage tank is 0-50MPa.

10. The method for measuring high pressure and small flow rate in a physical simulation experiment in a gas reservoir chamber according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the measuring method, after the measuring is completed, the controller controls the bypass venting component to open and discharge the gas to be measured.

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