Stratum tunnel excavation blasting control system and method

Abstract

A stratum tunnel excavation and blasting control system belongs to the technical field of tunnel construction, and comprises a tunnel three-dimensional simulation module used for constructing a virtual scene of a stratum tunnel excavation and blasting construction area; the data acquisition module is used for acquiring a rock stratum sample of a to-be-excavated area of the stratum tunnel and determining the surrounding rock grade of the to-be-excavated area; the drilling device is used for determining the drilling depth based on the grade of the surrounding rock, completing an actual charging hole with the set depth and completing a virtual charging hole in a virtual scene based on a 3D model of the drilling device; and the charging and detonating device completes simulated charging and detonating in the virtual charging hole, and regulates and controls the charging amount and the detonating time of the actual charging hole in real time based on the detonating effect. The virtual scene of the stratum tunnel excavation blasting construction area is constructed through the tunnel three-dimensional simulation module, the geological conditions of the blasting object are analyzed, the depth of the explosive charging hole and the blasting influence range are determined, the explosive charging amount is regulated and controlled in real time, and the accuracy of actual blasting is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel construction, and in particular relates to a stratum tunnel excavation blasting control system and method. Background Art

[0002] The blasting control system for stratum tunnel excavation is a system used to accurately control blasting operations during underground tunnel excavation. Its purpose is to reduce the impact of blasting on surrounding strata and existing structures while ensuring excavation efficiency, and to ensure construction safety. In the prior art, the three-dimensional coordinates of each blasthole can be accurately determined by using measuring equipment such as total stations combined with positioning system software to ensure that the blastholes are arranged according to the design plan and improve the consistency of the blasting effect. In addition, the charge amount is a key parameter in the blasting operation, and its amount will have a significant impact on the blasting effect in many aspects. When the charge amount is appropriate, the rock can be effectively broken into appropriate blocks, which is convenient for subsequent excavation and transportation. When the charge amount is too much or too little, it will cause excessive rock crushing or incomplete blasting. In addition, excessive charge amount will also cause excessive damage to existing structures. However, when determining the charge amount, the charge amount is preliminarily determined based on the aperture and depth of the charge hole by empirical data, and then adjusted according to the actual blasting effect, which will result in excessive or insufficient blasting. Summary of the invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defects existing in the prior art and provide a stratum tunnel excavation blasting control system and method.

[0004] A first aspect of the present invention provides a blasting control system for tunnel excavation, comprising:

[0005] The tunnel 3D simulation module is used to construct a virtual scene of the stratum tunnel excavation and blasting construction area, perform 3D modeling of the blasting equipment based on the real stratum tunnel excavation and blasting construction area, and place the 3D model of the blasting equipment in the virtual scene;

[0006] A data acquisition module, used to collect rock samples from the area to be excavated in the stratum tunnel;

[0007] A data processing module determines the surrounding rock grade of the area to be excavated based on the rock layer sample, and the tunnel three-dimensional simulation module drives a 3D model corresponding to the blasting equipment in the virtual scene based on the surrounding rock grade;

[0008] A drilling device, which determines the drilling depth based on the surrounding rock grade and completes an actual charging hole of a set depth, and completes a virtual charging hole based on a 3D model of the drilling device in the virtual scene;

[0009] The charging and detonating device completes simulated charging and detonation in the virtual charging hole, and adjusts the charging amount and detonation time of the actual charging hole in real time based on the detonation effect.

[0010] A further solution is that the charge and detonation device are determined based on a charge quantity model;

[0011] The construction process of the charge model includes:

[0012] Obtaining and marking pairs of surrounding rock grade-charge amount and charging hole depth-charge amount; inputting the pairs of surrounding rock grade-charge amount and charging hole depth-charge amount into different neural network units in sequence for iterative training after marking; combining the neural network units to obtain a charge amount model that outputs the charge amount based on the surrounding rock grade and charging hole depth;

[0013] The surrounding rock grade-charge amount pairs include different surrounding rock grades and charge amounts corresponding to the different surrounding rock grades;

[0014] The charge hole depth-charge amount includes different charge hole depths and charge amounts corresponding to the different charge hole depths.

[0015] A further solution is that the system also includes a charge calibration module for calibrating the charge quantity output by the charge quantity model.

[0016] A further solution is that the charge calibration module includes a judgment unit, a real-time control unit, a reference unit, a first calibration unit and a second calibration unit;

[0017] The reference unit is used to obtain the surrounding rock tensile force F1 of the rock formation sample;

[0018] The first calibration unit is used to obtain the circumferential associated tensile stress Fs of the rock sample under virtual blasting;

[0019] The second calibration unit is used to obtain the stress wave rebound stress Fv of the rock sample under virtual blasting;

[0020] The judgment unit is used to set the stress threshold (A, B) and compare the surrounding rock tensile force F1 with the annular associated tensile stress Fs and the stress wave rebound stress Fv. If Fs+Fv-F1∈(A, B), the charge is completed with the charge output by the charge model. If The real-time control unit is then used to control the virtual charge in real time in the virtual scene until Fs+Fv-F1∈(A,B).

[0021] A further solution is that the system also includes a detonation time control module, which determines the blasting influence range based on the virtual detonation effect. After the blasting network is laid out, the evacuation time of the construction personnel is set based on the blasting influence range, and then the detonation time is determined.

[0022] A second aspect of the present invention provides a blasting control method for stratum tunnel excavation, which uses the above-mentioned blasting control system for stratum tunnel excavation, and comprises the following steps:

[0023] Constructing a virtual scene of a stratum tunnel excavation and blasting construction area, performing 3D modeling of blasting equipment based on the real stratum tunnel excavation and blasting construction area, and placing the 3D model of the blasting equipment in the virtual scene;

[0024] Collect rock samples from the area where the ground tunnel is to be excavated;

[0025] Determine the surrounding rock grade of the area to be excavated based on the rock layer sample, and drive the 3D model corresponding to the blasting equipment in the virtual scene based on the surrounding rock grade;

[0026] Determine the drilling depth based on the surrounding rock grade and complete the actual charging hole of the set depth, and complete the virtual charging hole based on the 3D model of the drilling device in the virtual scene;

[0027] The simulated charging and detonation are completed in the virtual charging hole, and the charging amount and detonation time of the actual charging hole are controlled in real time based on the detonation effect.

[0028] A further solution is that, during charging, the charge quantity is outputted through a charge quantity model based on the surrounding rock grade and the depth of the charging hole.

[0029] A further solution is to adjust the charge quantity output by the charge quantity model in real time through the charge calibration module; the real-time adjustment process is:

[0030] Obtaining the surrounding rock tensile force F1 of the rock formation sample;

[0031] Obtaining the annular associated tensile stress Fs of the rock sample under virtual blasting;

[0032] The second calibration unit is used to obtain the stress wave rebound stress Fv of the rock sample under virtual blasting;

[0033] Set the stress threshold (A, B) and compare the surrounding rock tensile force F1 with the annular associated tensile stress Fs and stress wave rebound stress Fv. If Fs+Fv-F1∈(A, B), the charge is completed with the charge output by the charge model. If Then the virtual charge is adjusted in real time in the virtual scene until Fs+Fv-F1∈(A,B).

[0034] A further solution is to set the evacuation time of construction personnel based on the impact range of the blasting before the detonation device is detonated, thereby determining the detonation time.

[0035] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0036] Before the blasting work begins, the present invention constructs a virtual scene of the stratum tunnel excavation and blasting construction area through the tunnel three-dimensional simulation module. Through three-dimensional simulation animation simulation, the geological conditions, structural characteristics, etc. of the blasting object can be analyzed in detail, and then the depth of the charging hole can be determined. The blasting effect and the blasting impact range can also be predicted, and the charging amount can be adjusted in real time based on the blasting effect to ensure the accuracy of the actual blasting.

[0037] The present invention outputs the charge amount based on the surrounding rock grade and the charging hole depth through a charge amount model, and uses a charge calibration module to calibrate the charge amount to ensure that the annular associated tensile stress and stress wave rebound stress generated by blasting are greater than the tensile strength of the surrounding rock, and that the difference between the sum of the annular associated tensile stress and the stress wave rebound stress and the tensile strength of the surrounding rock is within a set stress threshold, thereby limiting the charge amount and avoiding excessive or insufficient charge. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] The following drawings are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention, wherein:

[0039] Figure 1 : Connection diagram of blasting control system for ground tunnel excavation;

[0040] Figure 2 :Flow chart of blasting control method for ground tunnel excavation;

[0041] In the figure, 1. Tunnel three-dimensional simulation module; 2. Drilling device; 3. Charging and detonating device; 4. Charging quantity model; 5. Data processing module; 6. Data acquisition module; 7. Detonation time control module; 8. Charging calibration module; 9. Judgment unit; 10. Real-time control unit; 11. Reference unit; 12. First calibration unit; 13. Second calibration unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0043] Example 1

[0044] like Figure 1As shown, the present invention provides a stratum tunnel excavation and blasting control system, a tunnel three-dimensional simulation module 1, used to construct a virtual scene of the stratum tunnel excavation and blasting construction area, 3D modeling of the blasting equipment is performed based on the real stratum tunnel excavation and blasting construction area, and the 3D model of the blasting equipment is placed in the virtual scene; a data acquisition module 6, used to collect rock samples of the stratum tunnel area to be excavated; a data processing module 5, based on the rock samples, determines the surrounding rock grade of the area to be excavated, and the tunnel three-dimensional simulation module 1 drives the 3D model corresponding to the blasting equipment in the virtual scene based on the surrounding rock grade; a drilling device 2, based on the surrounding rock grade, determines the drilling depth and completes the actual charging hole of the set depth, and completes the virtual charging hole based on the 3D model of the drilling device 2 in the virtual scene; a charging and detonating device 3, completes simulated charging and detonation in the virtual charging hole, and controls the charging amount and detonation time of the actual charging hole in real time based on the detonation effect. It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the blasting equipment in the virtual scene is a 3D model of the drilling device 2 and a 3D model of the charging and detonating device 3 .

[0045] In the above, the charge and detonation device 3 are determined based on the charge amount model 4; the construction process of the charge amount model 4 includes: obtaining a large number of surrounding rock grade-charge amount pairs and charge hole depth-charge amount pairs through manual experts for marking; after marking, the surrounding rock grade-charge amount pairs and charge hole depth-charge amount pairs are sequentially input into different neural network units for iterative training; the neural network units are combined to obtain a charge amount model 4 that outputs the charge amount based on the surrounding rock grade and charge hole depth; wherein the surrounding rock grade-charge amount pairs include different surrounding rock grades and the charge amounts corresponding to the different surrounding rock grades; the charge hole depth-charge amount includes different charge hole depths and the charge amounts corresponding to the different charge hole depths. In this embodiment, after marking, the surrounding rock grade-charge amount pairs and charge hole depth-charge amount pairs are sequentially input into the first neural network unit and the second neural network unit for iterative training, and the first neural network unit and the second neural network unit are both deep learning models. During model training, each neural network unit is trained separately.

[0046] In order to further ensure the accuracy of the charge amount, in this embodiment, the control system also includes a charge calibration module 8, which is used to calibrate the charge amount output by the charge amount model 4. Specifically, the charge calibration module 8 includes a judgment unit 9, a real-time control unit 10, a reference unit 11, a first calibration unit 12, and a second calibration unit 13; the reference unit 11 is used to obtain the surrounding rock tensile force F1 of the rock formation sample; the first calibration unit 12 is used to obtain the circumferential associated tensile stress Fs of the rock formation sample under virtual blasting; the second calibration unit 13 is used to obtain the stress wave rebound stress Fv of the rock formation sample under virtual blasting; the judgment unit 9 is used to set a stress threshold (A, B) and compare the surrounding rock tensile force F1 with the circumferential associated tensile stress Fs and the stress wave rebound stress Fv. If Fs+Fv-F1∈(A,B), the charge is completed with the charge amount output by the charge amount model 4; if The real-time control unit 10 is then used to control the virtual charge in real time in the virtual scene until Fs+Fv-F1∈(A,B).

[0047] In order to ensure construction safety and blasting effect, in this embodiment, the control system also includes a detonation time control module 7, which determines the blasting influence range based on the virtual detonation effect. After the blasting network is laid out, the evacuation time of the construction personnel is set based on the blasting influence range, and then the detonation time is determined. By setting the micro-difference detonation time of 0.5-100 milliseconds between different blast holes, the blasting vibration peak can be effectively controlled, and the precise explosive loading control makes the rock crushing effect good and reduces the workload of secondary crushing.

[0048] like Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment also provides a blasting control method for stratum tunnel excavation, comprising the following steps:

[0049] Constructing a virtual scene of a stratum tunnel excavation and blasting construction area, performing 3D modeling of blasting equipment based on the real stratum tunnel excavation and blasting construction area, and placing the 3D model of the blasting equipment in the virtual scene;

[0050] Collect rock samples from the area where the ground tunnel is to be excavated;

[0051] Determine the surrounding rock grade of the area to be excavated based on the rock layer sample, and drive the 3D model corresponding to the blasting equipment in the virtual scene based on the surrounding rock grade;

[0052] Determine the drilling depth based on the surrounding rock grade and complete the actual charging hole of the set depth, and complete the virtual charging hole based on the 3D model of the drilling device 2 in the virtual scene;

[0053] The simulated charging and detonation are completed in the virtual charging hole, and the charging amount and detonation time of the actual charging hole are controlled in real time based on the detonation effect.

[0054] When charging, the charge amount is outputted by the charge amount model 4 based on the surrounding rock grade and the charge hole depth. The charge amount outputted by the charge amount model 4 is regulated in real time by the charge calibration module 8; the real-time regulation process is as follows:

[0055] Obtaining the surrounding rock tensile force F1 of the rock formation sample;

[0056] Obtaining the annular associated tensile stress Fs of the rock sample under virtual blasting;

[0057] The second calibration unit 13 is used to obtain the stress wave rebound stress Fv of the rock sample under virtual blasting;

[0058] Set the stress threshold (A, B) and compare the surrounding rock tensile force F1 with the annular associated tensile stress Fs and the stress wave rebound stress Fv. If Fs+Fv-F1∈(A, B), the charge is completed with the charge output by the charge model 4. If Then the virtual charge is adjusted in real time in the virtual scene until Fs+Fv-F1∈(A,B).

[0059] Before the detonation device is detonated, the evacuation time of construction personnel is set based on the blasting impact range, and the detonation time is then determined.

[0060] The embodiments of the present invention have been described above, and the above description is exemplary, not exhaustive, and is not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and changes will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The selection of terms used herein is intended to best explain the principles of the embodiments, practical applications, or technical improvements in the market, or to enable other persons of ordinary skill in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A blasting control system for ground tunnel excavation, characterized in that: include: The tunnel 3D simulation module is used to construct a virtual scene of the stratum tunnel excavation and blasting construction area, perform 3D modeling of the blasting equipment based on the real stratum tunnel excavation and blasting construction area, and place the 3D model of the blasting equipment in the virtual scene; A data acquisition module, used to collect rock samples from the area to be excavated in the stratum tunnel; A data processing module determines the surrounding rock grade of the area to be excavated based on the rock layer sample, and the tunnel three-dimensional simulation module drives a 3D model corresponding to the blasting equipment in the virtual scene based on the surrounding rock grade; A drilling device, which determines the drilling depth based on the surrounding rock grade and completes an actual charging hole of a set depth, and completes a virtual charging hole based on a 3D model of the drilling device in the virtual scene; The charging and detonating device completes simulated charging and detonation in the virtual charging hole, and adjusts the charging amount and detonation time of the actual charging hole in real time based on the detonation effect.

2. A blasting control system for ground tunnel excavation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The charge and detonation device are determined based on the charge quantity model; The construction process of the charge model includes: Obtain the pairs of surrounding rock grade-charge quantity and charge hole depth-charge quantity and mark them; After marking, the pairs of surrounding rock grade-charge amount and the pairs of charge hole depth-charge amount are sequentially input into different neural network units for iterative training; the neural network units are combined to obtain a charge amount model that outputs the charge amount based on the surrounding rock grade and the charge hole depth; The surrounding rock grade-charge amount pairs include different surrounding rock grades and charge amounts corresponding to the different surrounding rock grades; The charge hole depth-charge amount includes different charge hole depths and charge amounts corresponding to the different charge hole depths.

3. A blasting control system for ground tunnel excavation according to claim 2, characterized in that: The system further comprises a charge calibration module for calibrating the charge quantity output by the charge quantity model.

4. A blasting control system for ground tunnel excavation according to claim 3, characterized in that: The charge calibration module includes a judgment unit, a real-time control unit, a reference unit, a first calibration unit and a second calibration unit; The reference unit is used to obtain the surrounding rock tensile force F1 of the rock formation sample; The first calibration unit is used to obtain the circumferential associated tensile stress Fs of the rock sample under virtual blasting; The second calibration unit is used to obtain the stress wave rebound stress Fv of the rock sample under virtual blasting; The judgment unit is used to set the stress threshold (A, B) and compare the surrounding rock tensile force F1 with the annular associated tensile stress Fs and the stress wave rebound stress Fv. If Fs+Fv-F1∈(A, B), the charge is completed with the charge output by the charge model. If The real-time control unit is then used to control the virtual charge in real time in the virtual scene until Fs+Fv-F1∈(A,B).

5. A stratum tunnel excavation blasting control system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The system also includes a detonation time control module, which determines the blasting influence range based on the virtual detonation effect. After the blasting network is laid out, the evacuation time of construction personnel is set based on the blasting influence range, and then the detonation time is determined.

6. A method for controlling blasting in stratum tunnel excavation, characterized in that: The stratum tunnel excavation blasting control system according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is applied, comprising the following steps: Constructing a virtual scene of a stratum tunnel excavation and blasting construction area, performing 3D modeling of blasting equipment based on the real stratum tunnel excavation and blasting construction area, and placing the 3D model of the blasting equipment in the virtual scene; Collect rock samples from the area where the tunnel is to be excavated; Determine the surrounding rock grade of the area to be excavated based on the rock layer sample, and drive the 3D model corresponding to the blasting equipment in the virtual scene based on the surrounding rock grade; Determine the drilling depth based on the surrounding rock grade and complete the actual charging hole of the set depth, and complete the virtual charging hole based on the 3D model of the drilling device in the virtual scene; The simulated charging and detonation are completed in the virtual charging hole, and the charging amount and detonation time of the actual charging hole are controlled in real time based on the detonation effect.

7. A method for controlling blasting in ground tunnel excavation according to claim 6, characterized in that: During charging, the charging quantity is outputted through the charging quantity model based on the surrounding rock grade and the charging hole depth.

8. A method for controlling blasting in ground tunnel excavation according to claim 7, characterized in that: The charge amount output by the charge amount model is regulated in real time by the charge calibration module; the real-time regulation process is as follows: Obtaining the surrounding rock tensile force F1 of the rock formation sample; Obtaining the annular associated tensile stress Fs of the rock sample under virtual blasting; The second calibration unit is used to obtain the stress wave rebound stress Fv of the rock sample under virtual blasting; Set the stress threshold (A, B) and compare the surrounding rock tensile force F1 with the annular associated tensile stress Fs and stress wave rebound stress Fv. If Fs+Fv-F1∈(A, B), the charge is completed with the charge output by the charge model. If Then the virtual charge is adjusted in real time in the virtual scene until Fs+Fv-F1∈(A,B).

9. A method for controlling blasting in ground tunnel excavation according to claim 8, characterized in that: Before the detonation device is detonated, the evacuation time of construction personnel is set based on the blasting impact range, and the detonation time is then determined.

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