Intelligent prediction method and system for river sediment transport based on multi-source remote sensing

Abstract

The application relates to a river sediment migration intelligent prediction method and system based on multi-source remote sensing. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring Yangtze River basin environment monitoring data; performing topographic and geological analysis on the Yangtze River basin environment monitoring data to generate Yangtze River basin topographic feature data; performing basin region division on the Yangtze River basin elevation model according to the Yangtze River basin topographic feature data to generate Yangtze River basin region division data, wherein the Yangtze River basin region division data comprises an upper reaches of the Yangtze River, a middle reaches of the Yangtze River and a lower reaches of the Yangtze River; and collecting upper reaches region meteorological station data according to the Yangtze River basin region division data to obtain upper reaches region meteorological data of the Yangtze River. Through multi-source remote sensing data fusion and detailed region analysis, high-precision dynamic prediction and intelligent decision support of river sediment migration in the Yangtze River basin are realized, and the monitoring and prediction precision of sediment migration is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of sediment transport prediction, and in particular to a river sediment transport intelligent prediction method and system based on multi-source remote sensing. BACKGROUND

[0002] Remote sensing technology mainly relies on aerial photography and satellite imagery, which can monitor rivers and their sediment conditions by obtaining large-scale, high-resolution image data. However, these methods are limited by the frequency and spatial coverage of data acquisition, making it difficult to achieve real-time monitoring and dynamic prediction. With the advancement of satellite remote sensing technology, such as the launch of Landsat, MODIS, and Sentinel series satellites, the frequency and accuracy of data acquisition have significantly improved. In particular, the fusion of multi-source remote sensing data allows different band information to complement each other, providing more comprehensive and detailed information on river sediment transport. At the same time, the development of active remote sensing technologies such as Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) has further enhanced the monitoring capabilities of river sediment transport, especially in adverse weather conditions such as clouds and rain. In recent years, the rise of artificial intelligence (AI) and big data technology has provided new means for intelligent prediction of river sediment transport. Deep learning algorithms, especially Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) and Long Short-Term Memory Networks (LSTM), can process and analyze massive amounts of multi-source remote sensing data and capture complex spatiotemporal dynamics. By combining historical data and real-time monitoring data, these algorithms can build high-precision prediction models to accurately predict sediment transport trends. However, previous studies on sediment transport often overlooked detailed analysis of regional characteristics and relied on a single data source, resulting in low accuracy in monitoring and predicting sediment transport. SUMMARY

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a river sediment transport intelligent prediction method and system based on multi-source remote sensing to solve at least one of the above technical problems.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, a river sediment transport intelligent prediction method based on multi-source remote sensing, the method comprising the following steps:

[0005] Step S1: Obtain the Yangtze River Basin environmental monitoring data; perform topographic and geological analysis on the Yangtze River Basin environmental monitoring data to generate topographic feature data of the Yangtze River Basin; divide the Yangtze River Basin into regions according to the topographic feature data of the Yangtze River Basin to generate regional division data of the Yangtze River Basin, wherein the regional division data of the Yangtze River Basin includes the upper reaches of the Yangtze River Basin, the middle reaches of the Yangtze River Basin, and the lower reaches of the Yangtze River Basin;

[0006] Step S2: collecting meteorological station data in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River basin according to the regional division data of the Yangtze River basin to obtain meteorological data in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River basin; analyzing the geographic elevation information of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River basin using the Yangtze River basin elevation model to generate geographic elevation information data in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River basin; evaluating the amount of river sediment transport in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River basin using the meteorological data and the geographic elevation information data in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River basin to obtain the impact data of the amount of river sediment transport in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River basin;

[0007] Step S3: collecting hydrological information of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River basin based on the regional division data of the Yangtze River basin to obtain hydrological data of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River basin; performing a morphological analysis of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River basin using the Yangtze River basin elevation model to generate river morphological data of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River basin; fitting sediment movement paths using the hydrological data of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River basin and the river morphological data of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River basin to generate sediment transport impact data of rivers in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River basin;

[0008] Step S4: collecting downstream river tidal data for the lower reaches of the Yangtze River basin based on the Yangtze River basin regional division data to obtain tidal observation data for the lower reaches of the Yangtze River basin; extracting the downstream river network for the lower reaches of the Yangtze River basin using the Yangtze River basin elevation model to obtain river network data for the lower reaches of the Yangtze River basin; conducting a regional sediment deposition impact assessment using the tidal observation data for the lower reaches of the Yangtze River basin and the river network data for the lower reaches of the Yangtze River basin to generate sediment deposition impact data for rivers in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River basin;

[0009] Step S5: Acquire real-time sediment distribution data for the Yangtze River Basin; integrate the data on sediment migration impact in upstream rivers, the data on sediment transport impact in midstream rivers, and the data on sediment deposition impact in downstream rivers to generate regional sediment impact data for the Yangtze River Basin; perform sediment migration prediction for rivers in the Yangtze River Basin based on the regional sediment impact data for the Yangtze River Basin to generate sediment migration prediction data for rivers in the Yangtze River Basin;

[0010] Step S6: Perform river sediment migration simulation based on the Yangtze River Basin river sediment migration prediction data to generate river sediment migration simulation data; visualize the river sediment migration simulation data to generate a river sediment migration dynamic map; construct sediment migration risk decision-making based on the river sediment migration dynamic map, and generate a river sediment migration risk decision-making report to execute river sediment migration prediction intelligent decision-making operations.

[0011] The application obtains the environmental monitoring data of the Yangtze River Basin, analyzes the topography and geology, and generates topographic feature data of the Yangtze River Basin. According to the topographic features, the elevation model of the Yangtze River Basin is divided into upstream, midstream and downstream. According to the regional division data, the meteorological station data of the upstream area is collected to obtain the meteorological data of the upstream area. The upstream geographic elevation information is analyzed by the elevation model, and the upstream river sediment transport amount influence data is evaluated. The midstream river hydrological information is collected to obtain the hydrological data of the midstream area. The elevation model is used to analyze the midstream river channel shape, generate the midstream river channel shape data, and fit the sediment movement path to generate the river sediment transport influence data. The tidal observation data of the downstream area is obtained, and the downstream river channel tidal data is collected. The downstream river network data is extracted by the elevation model to evaluate the sediment deposition influence data of the downstream area. The real-time sediment distribution data of the Yangtze River Basin is obtained. The river sediment influence data of the upstream, midstream and downstream obtained in the above steps is integrated. The sediment influence data of the Yangtze River Basin is predicted to generate the river sediment migration prediction data. Based on the river sediment migration prediction data, the river sediment migration simulation is carried out to generate the simulation data. The simulation data is visualized to generate the river sediment migration dynamic map. Based on the dynamic map, the sediment migration risk decision is constructed to generate the river sediment migration risk decision report, which supports the execution of intelligent decision-making operation and helps to understand the topographic features and spatial distribution of the Yangtze River Basin. The meteorological and geographical data of the upstream area are provided, and the movement of sediment in this area is analyzed, which provides basis for the hydrological model and sediment management of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River. By understanding the relationship between the hydrology and river channel shape of the midstream area, the sediment transport path in the midstream is evaluated, which provides data support for sediment movement model and ecological protection. By studying the tidal influence and river network characteristics of the downstream area, the sediment deposition in the downstream is analyzed, which provides basis for water resource management and sediment transport scheme. The sediment influence data of each region is combined to predict the sediment migration in the Yangtze River Basin, which provides early warning and decision support for overall river management and environmental protection. The simulation results and dynamic map of river sediment migration are provided to support decision-makers in intelligent decision-making and operation in sediment management and risk assessment. Therefore, through multi-source remote sensing data fusion and detailed regional analysis, the application realizes high-precision dynamic prediction and intelligent decision support of river sediment migration in the Yangtze River Basin, and improves the monitoring and prediction accuracy of sediment migration.

[0012] Preferably, step S1 comprises the following steps:

[0013] Step S11: obtaining environmental monitoring data of the Yangtze River Basin by using multi-source remote sensing technology;

[0014] Step S12: data preprocessing is performed on the environmental monitoring data of the Yangtze River Basin to generate standard environmental monitoring data of the Yangtze River Basin, wherein the data preprocessing includes data cleaning, data missing value filling and data standardization;

[0015] Step S13: Based on the standard Yangtze River Basin environmental monitoring data, a basin elevation model is generated;

[0016] Step S14: The topographic and geological analysis of the Yangtze River Basin elevation model is performed to generate the topographic feature data of the Yangtze River Basin; the Yangtze River Basin elevation model is divided into regions according to the topographic feature data of the Yangtze River Basin to generate the regional division data of the Yangtze River Basin, wherein the regional division data of the Yangtze River Basin includes the upper reaches of the Yangtze River Basin, the middle reaches of the Yangtze River Basin and the lower reaches of the Yangtze River Basin.

[0017] The present application can provide high-resolution, multi-dimensional environmental monitoring data through multi-source remote sensing technology, improve the comprehensiveness and accuracy of the data, and lay a solid foundation for subsequent analysis. Data preprocessing can significantly improve data quality, ensure the reliability and effectiveness of subsequent analysis, and make the data more consistent and comparable. The generated elevation model can accurately reflect the topographic features of the Yangtze River Basin, providing important basic data for geological analysis, flood simulation, etc. Topographic and geological analysis can reveal the topographic features of different regions in the Yangtze River Basin, helping to understand and predict the water flow path, sediment deposition, etc. in the basin. Regional division can provide scientific basis for basin management, disaster prevention and control, resource allocation, etc. Multi-source remote sensing and data preprocessing ensure the comprehensiveness, accuracy and consistency of the data. The elevation model and topographic and geological analysis provide scientific basis for environmental monitoring and management in the basin. Based on the regional division data, targeted management and decision-making are supported, and the overall management effectiveness of the Yangtze River Basin is improved.

[0018] Preferably, step S14 includes the following steps:

[0019] Step S141: Topographic feature extraction is performed on the Yangtze River Basin elevation model to obtain the topographic feature data of the Yangtze River Basin;

[0020] Step S142: Geological structure analysis is performed on the topographic feature data of the Yangtze River Basin to generate the geological structure data of the Yangtze River Basin;

[0021] Step S143: Watershed extraction is performed on the Yangtze River Basin elevation model based on the geological structure data of the Yangtze River Basin to obtain the watershed data of the Yangtze River Basin; regional boundary confirmation is performed on the Yangtze River Basin elevation model based on the watershed data of the Yangtze River Basin to obtain the regional boundary data of the Yangtze River Basin;

[0022] Step S144: Regional division is performed on the regional boundary data of the Yangtze River Basin using the topographic feature data of the Yangtze River Basin to generate the regional division data of the Yangtze River Basin, wherein the regional division data of the Yangtze River Basin includes the upper reaches of the Yangtze River Basin, the middle reaches of the Yangtze River Basin and the lower reaches of the Yangtze River Basin.

[0023] The present application extracts terrain features such as slope, aspect, elevation, and curvature from the elevation model using geographic information systems (GIS) and remote sensing technology. These terrain feature data help to describe the geomorphology of the Yangtze River Basin in detail. Providing detailed topographic information helps to understand the topographic changes and features within the basin, laying the foundation for subsequent geological analysis and regional division. It helps to identify potential geological disaster risk areas and improve disaster warning capabilities. Based on the extracted terrain feature data, geological structure analysis is conducted to identify geological units, faults, and rock layer distribution. Geological modeling and analysis tools are used to generate detailed geological structure data. Providing geological structure information of the Yangtze River Basin helps to understand the relationship between geological structure and terrain. It supports mineral resource exploration, water resource management, and geological disaster prevention. Using geological structure data, watershed extraction is performed to identify the water flow boundary within the basin. The natural boundaries of each region are identified to generate detailed regional boundary data. Watershed data helps water resource management and flood prevention by identifying water flow collection areas and drainage areas. Regional boundary data supports fine-grained watershed management by clearly defining the management scope of each region. Combining terrain feature data and regional boundary data, the basin is scientifically divided into regions. The upper, middle, and lower reaches of the Yangtze River Basin are divided, and regional division data is provided. Scientific and reasonable regional division helps to manage and protect different regions according to their characteristics.

[0024] Preferably, step S2 comprises the following steps:

[0025] Step S21: Collecting upper reaches regional meteorological station data of the Yangtze River Basin according to the Yangtze River Basin regional division data, to obtain upper reaches regional meteorological data of the Yangtze River Basin;

[0026] Step S22: Analyzing upper reaches regional geographic elevation information of the Yangtze River Basin through the Yangtze River Basin elevation model, to generate upper reaches regional geographic elevation information data; calculating upper reaches terrain drop of the upper reaches regional geographic elevation information data, to obtain upper reaches terrain drop data of the Yangtze River Basin;

[0027] Step S23: Analyzing upper reaches regional rainfall time series of the Yangtze River Basin according to the upper reaches regional meteorological data, to generate upper reaches regional rainfall data of the Yangtze River Basin; averaging the upper reaches regional rainfall data, to generate upper reaches regional average rainfall data of the Yangtze River Basin;

[0028] Step S24: Simulating upper reaches regional runoff of the Yangtze River Basin according to the upper reaches regional average rainfall data based on a preset hydrological model, to generate upper reaches regional runoff simulation data of the Yangtze River Basin; evaluating upper reaches regional river sediment migration amount of the Yangtze River Basin based on the upper reaches regional runoff simulation data, to obtain upper reaches regional river sediment migration amount influence data of the Yangtze River Basin.

[0029] The application determines the distribution of meteorological stations in the upstream area by using regional division data, and collects meteorological data. The collected data includes temperature, rainfall, humidity, wind speed, etc. Accurate meteorological data of the upstream area is obtained, providing a basis for subsequent meteorological analysis and hydrological model. Real-time weather information is provided to support weather prediction and disaster warning. The geographic elevation information of the upstream area is analyzed using an elevation model to generate detailed elevation data. The terrain drop is calculated to identify high and low relief areas. Accurate geographic elevation information is provided to support terrain analysis and hydrological models. The terrain drop data helps to understand the speed and path of water flow, and to predict potential flood risk areas. Time series analysis is performed on the collected meteorological data to generate rainfall time series data. The average rainfall is calculated to obtain the average rainfall data of the upstream area. Detailed rainfall time series data is provided to help understand rainfall patterns and trends. The average rainfall data supports the accuracy of water resource management and hydrological models. A preset hydrological model is used to simulate runoff based on the average rainfall data. The runoff simulation data and terrain drop data are used to evaluate the amount of sediment transport. Runoff simulation data helps to predict water flow direction and volume, providing a basis for water resource management and flood control measures. Sediment transport evaluation data helps to understand the impact of sediment on rivers, supporting river management and ecological protection.

[0030] Preferably, step S3 comprises the following steps:

[0031] Step S31: Collecting hydrological information of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River according to the regional division data of the Yangtze River Basin, obtaining hydrological data of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River Basin;

[0032] Step S32: Analyzing the morphology of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River Basin through the elevation model of the Yangtze River Basin, generating river morphology data of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River Basin, wherein the river morphology data of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River Basin includes middle reach width data, middle reach depth data and middle reach curvature data;

[0033] Step S33: Calculating the water storage capacity of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River Basin based on the hydrological data of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River Basin, obtaining the water storage capacity data of the middle reaches of the river; comparing the water storage capacity data of the middle reaches of the river with the preset standard river water storage threshold value, when the water storage capacity data of the middle reaches of the river is greater than or equal to the preset standard river water storage threshold value, marking the first water period based on the water storage capacity data of the middle reaches of the river, generating the flood period of the middle reaches of the river;

[0034] Step S34: When the midstream region river channel water storage data is less than the preset standard river channel water storage threshold value, then the second water period marking is performed based on the midstream region river channel water storage data, and the midstream river channel dry water period is generated; the midstream river channel width data, the midstream river channel depth data and the midstream river channel curvature data are subjected to sediment transport analysis respectively according to the midstream river channel dry water period and the midstream river channel flood period, and the first water period sediment transport data and the second water period sediment transport data are generated;

[0035] Step S35: The first water period sediment transport data and the second water period sediment transport data are subjected to sediment movement path fitting, and the midstream region river sediment transport influence data is generated.

[0036] The present application determines the hydrological station of the midstream river channel by using the region division data, and collects the hydrological information. The collected data includes water level, flow, water temperature, sediment concentration, etc. Accurate midstream river channel hydrological data is obtained, which provides a basis for subsequent river channel form analysis and water storage capacity calculation. Real-time hydrological information is provided to support water resource management and flood warning. The form analysis of the midstream river channel is performed by using the elevation model to generate detailed river channel form data. The width, depth and curvature of the river channel are analyzed to provide accurate form data. Detailed river channel form information is provided to help understand the river channel structure and water flow behavior. River channel management and flood control measures are supported to improve management effectiveness. The water storage capacity of the midstream river channel is calculated based on the hydrological data to generate detailed water storage capacity data. The water storage capacity data is compared with the preset standard threshold value to identify whether it enters the flood period. If the water storage capacity reaches or exceeds the threshold value, it is marked as the flood period. Accurate water storage capacity data is provided to support flood prediction and management. The flood period is marked in time to improve the flood warning capability and ensure the safety of the river basin. If the water storage capacity is lower than the threshold value, it is marked as the dry water period. The river channel form data of the flood period and the dry water period are subjected to sediment transport analysis respectively. The sediment transport data of the first water period and the second water period are generated. The sediment transport of the flood period and the dry water period is accurately distinguished to support river channel sediment management. The sediment behavior of different water periods is understood to help develop scientific sediment control measures. The sediment transport data of different water periods is fitted to analyze the sediment movement path. The sediment transport influence data is generated to provide comprehensive sediment behavior analysis. Detailed sediment movement path and influence data are provided to support river management and ecological protection. The understanding of sediment migration rules is improved to support scientific decision-making and management.

[0037] Preferably, step S4 comprises the following steps:

[0038] Step S41: According to the Yangtze River Basin region division data, the downstream river channel tide data of the downstream of the Yangtze River Basin is collected to obtain the Yangtze River Basin downstream region tide observation data;

[0039] Step S42: extracting the downstream river network of the Yangtze River basin using the Yangtze River basin elevation model to obtain river network data for the downstream region; calculating the cell river network density of the downstream region river network data to obtain a river network density map for the downstream region;

[0040] Step S43: Calculating the river channel bifurcation index of the downstream Yangtze River basin based on the river network density map of the downstream area using the river channel bifurcation index calculation formula to obtain the river channel bifurcation index of the downstream Yangtze River basin;

[0041] Step S44: Based on ocean dynamics, the downstream area ocean current simulation is performed on the tidal observation data of the downstream area of ​​the Yangtze River Basin to generate the ocean current simulation data of the downstream area of ​​the Yangtze River Basin; the regional sediment deposition impact assessment is performed on the ocean current simulation data of the downstream area of ​​the Yangtze River Basin through the river channel bifurcation index of the downstream area of ​​the Yangtze River Basin to generate the downstream area river sediment deposition impact data.

[0042] The present invention uses regional division data to determine the tidal observation points of the downstream river channel and collects tidal data. The collected data includes tide level, tidal velocity, tidal period, etc. Accurate tidal observation data is obtained to provide a basis for subsequent ocean current simulation and sediment deposition analysis. Real-time tidal information is provided to support tide prevention management and early warning systems. The river network data of the downstream area is extracted using an elevation model to generate a detailed river network map. The river network density of the cell is calculated on the river network data to generate a river network density map. Providing detailed river network distribution information helps to understand the downstream river channel structure and water flow distribution. The river network density map supports water resource management and river channel management in the downstream area. The river network density map is analyzed using the bifurcation index calculation formula to calculate the river channel bifurcation index. The bifurcation index reflects the complexity and degree of bifurcation of the river channel. Providing detailed data on river channel bifurcation helps to understand the complexity of the river channel and sediment deposition behavior. Supporting river channel management and ecological protection, and optimizing river channel management strategies. Based on ocean dynamics models, tidal observation data is simulated to generate ocean current simulation data. The river bifurcation index and ocean current simulation data are used to assess the impact of regional sediment deposition. Accurate ocean current simulation data supports hydrological analysis and sediment management in downstream areas. Sediment impact assessment data helps understand the migration and deposition behavior of sediment in rivers, supporting river management and ecological protection.

[0043] Preferably, the calculation formula of the river branching index in step S43 is as follows: ,

[0044] Where, Expressed as the river bifurcation index, Expressed as the length of the river end point, Expressed as the number of river channel features, Expressed as The weight of each river feature, decay coefficient representing the position of the position on the river, contribution coefficient representing the change with the river position variance representing the normal distribution.

[0045] The present invention integrates a river branching index calculation formula by analyzing the formula. The principle of the formula is to accumulate the characteristic values of the river within the range from the starting point to the ending point through integration, reflecting the diversity and spatial distribution of river branching. The integral term in the formula represents the integral from the starting point 0 to the ending point of the river, accumulating the contribution of the characteristic values at each position on the river to the branching index. It can capture the distribution of branches and branches of the river within the entire length range, providing global evaluation. The summation term in the formula represents the summation of all characteristics, including river width, depth, flow rate, etc. It ensures that all important river characteristics are considered in the evaluation, and their contributions are considered comprehensively. The weight of the formula represents the weight of each characteristic , adjusting its importance in the calculation of the branching index. By adjusting the weight, the influence of a specific feature on the branching index can be highlighted or weakened, making the evaluation more realistic. The Gaussian function in the formula can measure the similarity of the river characteristics to the current position . The position variable and , in the formula represent the integral variable, i.e. the position on the river, used to integrate the characteristic values within the entire length range of the river, is the position or measure of a specific feature on the river, compared with the current position . The weight function changes with the change of the river position , used to adjust the contribution of different positions to the branching index in the integration process, which can capture the spatial distribution changes of river characteristics at different positions, improve the accuracy and accuracy of the evaluation. The normalization constant ​​​The normalization of the similarity calculation result is ensured to conform to the normal distribution. Stable bifurcation index calculation results are provided, and the bias in the calculation process is reduced. When using the conventional river bifurcation index calculation formula in the field, the thermal expansion coefficient of hydrogen can be obtained. By applying the river bifurcation index calculation formula provided by the present application, the thermal expansion coefficient of hydrogen can be more accurately calculated. The formula considers multiple river characteristics and their spatial distribution, comprehensively evaluates the degree of river bifurcation, and provides a comprehensive structural description. Through the Gaussian function and integral term, the spatial distribution of river characteristics at different positions is effectively captured, reflecting the complexity of branches and branches. By adjusting the weight and attenuation coefficient, the river of different types and characteristics is adapted, so that the evaluation is more adaptive and practical. The use of normalization constant and weight function ensures the stability and accuracy of the evaluation result, and reduces the interference of external factors on the evaluation.

[0046] Preferably, step S5 comprises the following steps:

[0047] Step S51: acquire real-time sediment distribution data of the Yangtze River Basin;

[0048] Step S52: integrate the upstream river sediment migration amount influence data, the midstream river sediment transport influence data and the downstream river sediment deposition influence data to generate the regional sediment influence data of the Yangtze River Basin;

[0049] Step S53: divide the regional sediment influence data of the Yangtze River Basin into a model training set and a model test set; train the model training set through a long short-term memory neural network algorithm to generate a Yangtze River Basin sediment migration training model;

[0050] Step S54: use the model test set to test and iterate the Yangtze River Basin sediment migration training model to generate a Yangtze River Basin sediment migration prediction model; import the real-time sediment distribution data of the Yangtze River Basin into the Yangtze River Basin sediment migration training model to predict the Yangtze River Basin river sediment migration, and generate the Yangtze River Basin river sediment migration prediction data.

[0051] The present application monitors and collects the sediment distribution data of the Yangtze River Basin in real time, including sediment concentration, deposition location and migration speed, etc. The latest sediment distribution information is provided to ensure the real-time and accuracy of the data. The timely analysis and decision-making are supported to improve the response speed of sediment management. The sediment data of upstream, midstream and downstream areas are integrated to form a comprehensive Yangtze River Basin sediment impact database. The data format is unified to eliminate data redundancy and ensure the integrity and consistency of the data. Comprehensive sediment impact data is provided to support the overall sediment analysis and management of the basin. It helps to identify the overall trend and regularity of sediment migration and deposition. The sediment impact data is divided into training set and test set to ensure the effectiveness of model training and verification. The long short-term memory (LSTM) neural network is used to train the training set data to generate a sediment migration model. The LSTM neural network is suitable for processing time series data and can capture the dynamic characteristics of sediment migration. An accurate sediment migration model is provided to support the basin sediment management and prediction. The generalization ability of the model is improved to more accurately predict future sediment migration trends. The test set is used to test and iteratively optimize the sediment migration training model to ensure its accuracy and reliability. Real-time sediment distribution data is imported into the trained model for sediment migration prediction. The sediment migration prediction data of the Yangtze River Basin is generated to provide estimated results of future sediment changes. Accurate sediment migration prediction data is provided to support scientific decision-making and management. The understanding of sediment dynamic changes is improved to help develop effective sediment control measures and disaster prevention and mitigation strategies.

[0052] Preferably, step S6 comprises the following steps:

[0053] Step S61: based on the river sediment migration prediction data of the Yangtze River Basin, river sediment migration simulation is performed to generate river sediment migration simulation data, wherein the river sediment migration simulation data includes sediment motion trajectory simulation data and sediment deposition process data;

[0054] Step S62: using GIS platform, GIS integration is performed on the sediment motion trajectory simulation data and the sediment deposition process data to generate sediment simulation spatial data;

[0055] Step S63: visualizing the sediment simulation spatial data to generate a river sediment migration dynamic map; based on the river sediment migration dynamic map, sediment migration risk decision-making is constructed to generate a river sediment migration risk decision-making report to perform river sediment migration prediction intelligent decision-making work.

[0056] The present application generates detailed sediment transport simulation based on the sediment transport prediction data generated in the previous steps. During the simulation, trajectory data and deposition process data of the sediment are generated, which describe the dynamic behavior of the sediment in detail. The detailed sediment transport and deposition process data support scientific river management and sediment control. Understanding the trajectory and deposition location of the sediment helps to predict potential blockage and erosion problems. Using a geographic information system (GIS) platform, the sediment trajectory and deposition process data are integrated into a spatial data set. The sediment simulation spatial data is generated, providing a comprehensive view in geographic space. Through GIS integration, the spatial distribution of sediment transport and deposition is provided, improving data visualization and usability. Geographic spatial analysis is supported to help identify key areas of sediment transport and deposition. Using the GIS platform, the sediment simulation spatial data is visualized to generate dynamic sediment transport maps. Based on these dynamic maps, risk assessment and decision-making for sediment transport are conducted, and detailed risk decision reports are generated. The reports include sediment transport prediction, potential risk areas, and response measures recommendations. Intuitive dynamic maps are provided to help users understand the dynamic process of sediment transport and deposition. Through the risk decision report, scientific decision support is provided to help prevent and respond to sediment-related risks.

[0057] In the present specification, a multi-source remote sensing based river sediment transport intelligent prediction system is provided for performing the multi-source remote sensing based river sediment transport intelligent prediction method described above, and the multi-source remote sensing based river sediment transport intelligent prediction system comprises:

[0058] The regional division module is configured to obtain the Yangtze River Basin environmental monitoring data, perform topographic and geological analysis on the Yangtze River Basin environmental monitoring data to generate topographic feature data of the Yangtze River Basin, and divide the Yangtze River Basin into upstream, midstream and downstream according to the topographic feature data of the Yangtze River Basin to generate regional division data of the Yangtze River Basin, wherein the regional division data of the Yangtze River Basin comprises the upstream, midstream and downstream of the Yangtze River Basin.

[0059] The upstream influence analysis module is configured to collect upstream regional meteorological data of the Yangtze River Basin according to the regional division data of the Yangtze River Basin, analyze geographic elevation information of the upstream of the Yangtze River Basin through the elevation model of the Yangtze River Basin, and generate upstream regional geographic elevation information data, and evaluate the upstream regional river sediment transport amount through the upstream regional meteorological data and the upstream regional geographic elevation information data to obtain upstream regional river sediment transport amount influence data.

[0060] The middle reach influence analysis module is configured to collect hydrological information of a middle reach river channel of the middle reach of the Yangtze River according to the regional division data of the Yangtze River Basin, to obtain regional hydrological data of the middle reach of the Yangtze River; analyze the morphology of the middle reach river channel of the Yangtze River through the elevation model of the Yangtze River Basin, to generate regional river channel morphology data of the middle reach of the Yangtze River; and fit the sediment movement path through the regional hydrological data of the middle reach of the Yangtze River and the regional river channel morphology data of the middle reach of the Yangtze River, to generate middle reach regional river sediment transport influence data.

[0061] The downstream influence analysis module is configured to collect tidal data of a downstream river channel of the lower reach of the Yangtze River according to the regional division data of the Yangtze River Basin, to obtain regional tidal observation data of the lower reach of the Yangtze River; extract the downstream river network of the lower reach of the Yangtze River through the elevation model of the Yangtze River Basin, to obtain downstream regional river network data; and evaluate the regional sediment deposition influence through the regional tidal observation data of the lower reach of the Yangtze River and the downstream regional river network data, to generate downstream regional river sediment deposition influence data.

[0062] The sediment prediction module is configured to obtain real-time sediment distribution data of the Yangtze River Basin; integrate the upstream regional river sediment migration influence data, the middle reach regional river sediment transport influence data, and the downstream regional river sediment deposition influence data, to generate regional sediment influence data of the Yangtze River Basin; and predict the river sediment migration of the Yangtze River Basin through the regional sediment influence data of the Yangtze River Basin, to generate river sediment migration prediction data of the Yangtze River Basin.

[0063] The simulation decision module is configured to simulate the river sediment migration based on the river sediment migration prediction data of the Yangtze River Basin, to generate river sediment migration simulation data; visualize the river sediment migration simulation data, to generate a river sediment migration dynamic map; and construct a sediment migration risk decision based on the river sediment migration dynamic map, to generate a river sediment migration risk decision report, to perform an intelligent decision-making operation for the river sediment migration prediction.

[0064] The beneficial effects of the present application are that by obtaining the Yangtze River basin environmental monitoring data, performing topographic and geological analysis, generating topographic feature data, and dividing the upper, middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River basin, the basic data of different topographic features in the basin are provided, laying a foundation for subsequent analysis and prediction. The meteorological data and geographic elevation information of the upstream area are collected, and the river sediment transport amount is evaluated. Data support is provided for understanding the contribution of the upstream area to the river sediment load, which helps to predict and manage the sediment movement of the upstream river. The hydrological data and river channel shape data of the middle reach area are collected, and the sediment movement path fitting is performed. It helps to understand the role and influence of the middle reach river channel in the sediment transport process, and provides an important basis for comprehensive basin management. The tidal observation data and river network data of the downstream area are obtained, and the deposition impact of the river sediment is evaluated. Data support is provided for understanding the deposition characteristics of the downstream river and its influencing factors, which helps to develop river management and sediment treatment strategies. The above influence data are integrated to generate sediment influence data, and the Yangtze River basin river sediment transport prediction is performed. It provides a basis for comprehensively understanding the sediment movement mechanism of the Yangtze River basin, and provides prediction support for river sediment management decision-making. Based on the prediction data, the sediment transport simulation is performed to generate a dynamic map, and a risk decision report is generated. Through visualization and reporting, it helps decision-makers to understand the dynamic process and potential risks of river sediment transport, and supports intelligent decision-making and emergency response. Therefore, the present application realizes high-precision dynamic prediction and intelligent decision support of river sediment transport in the Yangtze River basin through multi-source remote sensing data fusion and detailed regional analysis, and improves the monitoring and prediction accuracy of sediment transport. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0065] Figure 1 A step flow schematic diagram of a river sediment transport intelligent prediction method based on multi-source remote sensing is provided.

[0066] Figure 2 A step flow schematic diagram of a river sediment transport intelligent prediction method based on multi-source remote sensing is provided. Figure 1 A detailed implementation step flow schematic diagram of step S2 is provided.

[0067] Figure 3 A detailed implementation step flow schematic diagram of step S2 is provided. Figure 1 A detailed implementation step flow schematic diagram of step S3 is provided.

[0068] Figure 4 A detailed implementation step flow schematic diagram of step S3 is provided. Figure 1 A detailed implementation step flow schematic diagram of step S4 is provided.

[0069] The implementation of the present application, functional characteristics and advantages will be further described with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0070] The technical method of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0071] In addition, the drawings are only schematic illustrations of the present application and are not necessarily drawn to scale. Identical reference signs in the drawings represent identical or similar parts, and thus repeated descriptions thereof will be omitted. Some of the block diagrams shown in the drawings are functional entities, which do not necessarily have to correspond to physically or logically independent entities. The functional entities can be implemented in the form of software, or in one or more hardware modules or integrated circuits, or in different network and / or processor methods and / or microcontroller methods.

[0072] It should be understood that although the terms "first", "second" and the like can be used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another. For example, without departing from the scope of the example embodiments, a first element can be called a second element, and similarly a second element can be called a first element. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0073] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, please refer to Figures 1 to 4 A river sediment migration intelligent prediction method based on multi-source remote sensing, the method comprising the following steps:

[0074] Step S1: Obtain the Yangtze River Basin environmental monitoring data; perform topographic and geological analysis on the Yangtze River Basin environmental monitoring data to generate topographic feature data of the Yangtze River Basin; divide the Yangtze River Basin into regions according to the topographic feature data of the Yangtze River Basin to generate region division data of the Yangtze River Basin, wherein the region division data of the Yangtze River Basin includes the upper reaches of the Yangtze River Basin, the middle reaches of the Yangtze River Basin and the lower reaches of the Yangtze River Basin;

[0075] Step S2: Collect upper stream region meteorological station data of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River Basin according to the region division data of the Yangtze River Basin to obtain upper stream region meteorological data of the Yangtze River Basin; analyze the upper stream region geographic elevation information of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River Basin through the elevation model of the Yangtze River Basin to generate upper stream region geographic elevation information data; and evaluate the upper stream region river sediment migration amount through the upper stream region meteorological data and the upper stream region geographic elevation information data to obtain upper stream region river sediment migration amount influence data;

[0076] Step S3: Collecting hydrological information of the middle reach river channel of the middle reach of the Yangtze River according to the Yangtze River basin regional division data to obtain the hydrological data of the middle reach region of the Yangtze River; analyzing the morphology of the middle reach river channel of the Yangtze River through the Yangtze River basin elevation model to generate the river channel morphology data of the middle reach region of the Yangtze River; fitting the sediment movement path through the hydrological data of the middle reach region of the Yangtze River and the river channel morphology data of the middle reach region of the Yangtze River to generate the middle reach region river sediment transport influence data;

[0077] Step S4: Collecting tidal data of the lower reach river channel of the lower reach of the Yangtze River according to the Yangtze River basin regional division data to obtain the lower reach region tidal observation data of the Yangtze River; extracting the lower reach river network of the lower reach of the Yangtze River through the Yangtze River basin elevation model to obtain the lower reach region river network data; evaluating the regional sediment deposition influence through the lower reach region tidal observation data of the Yangtze River and the lower reach region river network data to generate the lower reach region river sediment deposition influence data;

[0078] Step S5: Obtaining real-time sediment distribution data of the Yangtze River basin; integrating the upper reach region river sediment migration amount influence data, the middle reach region river sediment transport influence data and the lower reach region river sediment deposition influence data to generate the Yangtze River basin regional sediment influence data; predicting the river sediment migration of the Yangtze River basin through the Yangtze River basin regional sediment influence data to generate the river sediment migration prediction data of the Yangtze River basin;

[0079] Step S6: Simulating the river sediment migration based on the river sediment migration prediction data of the Yangtze River basin to generate the river sediment migration simulation data; visualizing the river sediment migration simulation data to generate the river sediment migration dynamic map; constructing the sediment migration risk decision based on the river sediment migration dynamic map to generate the river sediment migration risk decision report to execute the river sediment migration prediction intelligent decision-making work.

[0080] The present application generates terrain feature data of the Yangtze River Basin by acquiring environmental monitoring data of the Yangtze River Basin and conducting topographic and geological analysis. According to the terrain features, the Yangtze River Basin is divided into elevation model regions, including the upper reaches, the middle reaches and the lower reaches. According to the regional division data, the meteorological station data of the upper reaches is collected to obtain the meteorological data of the upper reaches. The upper reaches geographic elevation information is analyzed by the elevation model to further evaluate the sediment transport amount influence data of the upper reaches. The middle reaches are collected for river hydrological information to obtain the hydrological data of the middle reaches. The elevation model is used to analyze the middle reaches channel morphology to generate the middle reaches channel morphology data, and the sediment movement path fitting is performed to generate the river sediment transport influence data. The tidal observation data of the lower reaches is obtained, and the lower reaches channel tidal data is collected. The elevation model is used to extract the lower reaches river network data to evaluate the sediment deposition influence data of the lower reaches. The real-time sediment distribution data of the Yangtze River Basin is obtained. The river sediment influence data of the upper, middle and lower reaches obtained in the above steps is integrated. The sediment influence data of the Yangtze River Basin is predicted to generate the river sediment migration prediction data. Based on the river sediment migration prediction data, the river sediment migration simulation is performed to generate the simulation data. The simulation data is visualized to generate the river sediment migration dynamic map. Based on the dynamic map, the sediment migration risk decision-making is constructed to generate the river sediment migration risk decision-making report, which supports the execution of intelligent decision-making operation and helps to understand the terrain features and spatial distribution of the Yangtze River Basin. By providing meteorological and geographic data of the upper reaches, the movement of sediment in this area is analyzed, which provides basis for hydrological models and sediment management in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River. By understanding the relationship between hydrology and channel morphology in the middle reaches, the transport path of sediment in the middle reaches is evaluated, which provides data support for sediment transport models and ecological protection. By studying the tidal influence and river network characteristics of the lower reaches, the sediment deposition in the lower reaches is analyzed, which provides basis for water resource management and sediment transport scheme. The sediment influence data of each region is combined to predict the sediment migration in the Yangtze River Basin, which provides early warning and decision support for overall river management and environmental protection. The simulation results and dynamic map of river sediment migration are also provided to support decision-makers in intelligent decision-making and operation in sediment management and risk assessment. Therefore, the present application realizes high-precision dynamic prediction and intelligent decision support of river sediment migration in the Yangtze River Basin through multi-source remote sensing data fusion and detailed regional analysis, and improves the monitoring and prediction accuracy of sediment migration.

[0081] In the embodiment of the present application, reference Figure 1 The is a step flowchart of a river sediment migration intelligent prediction method based on multi-source remote sensing, which includes the following steps in the present example:

[0082] Step S1: Obtain the Yangtze River Basin environmental monitoring data; perform topographic and geological analysis on the Yangtze River Basin environmental monitoring data to generate topographic feature data of the Yangtze River Basin; divide the Yangtze River Basin into regions according to the topographic feature data of the Yangtze River Basin to generate the Yangtze River Basin regional division data, wherein the Yangtze River Basin regional division data includes the upper reaches of the Yangtze River Basin, the middle reaches of the Yangtze River Basin, and the lower reaches of the Yangtze River Basin;

[0083] In the embodiment of the application, the environmental monitoring data of the Yangtze River Basin is obtained through satellite remote sensing, unmanned aerial vehicle aerial photography, and ground monitoring stations. These data should include water quality, water quantity, weather, vegetation coverage, and other information. The collected environmental monitoring data is cleaned, calibrated, and format-converted to ensure the accuracy and consistency of the data. The obtained topographic data is used to generate a digital elevation model of the Yangtze River Basin. Existing elevation data (such as SRTM, ASTER GDEM) can be used, or higher-precision elevation data can be obtained through LiDAR technology. Through terrain analysis tools (such as ArcGIS, QGIS), the topographic feature data of the Yangtze River Basin is extracted from the DEM. These feature data include slope, slope direction, river network, watershed divide, etc. Based on the DEM data, hydrological analysis is performed on the Yangtze River Basin using watershed division algorithms (such as D8 algorithm, D-Infinity algorithm) to determine the watershed boundary. According to the topographic feature data and the elevation model, the Yangtze River Basin is divided into upper, middle, and lower reaches. The specific division method can refer to the standards of hydrogeology, for example: the upper reaches generally refer to the section from the source of the Yangtze River to Yibin City, characterized by narrow river channel, fast flow rate, and large river bed slope. The middle reaches refer to the section from Yibin City to Hukou County, with relatively flat river channel, increased water flow, and obvious sedimentation. The lower reaches refer to the section from Hukou County to the estuary, with the widest river channel, slow water flow, and obvious sedimentation. The division results are saved in spatial data format (such as Shapefile, GeoJSON), and the corresponding Yangtze River Basin regional division data layer is generated.

[0084] Step S2: Collect upper reaches of the Yangtze River Basin regional meteorological station data according to the Yangtze River Basin regional division data, obtain the upper reaches of the Yangtze River Basin regional meteorological data; analyze the upper reaches of the Yangtze River Basin regional geographic elevation information through the Yangtze River Basin elevation model, generate the upper reaches of the Yangtze River Basin regional geographic elevation information data; evaluate the upper reaches of the Yangtze River Basin regional river sediment transport capacity through the upper reaches of the Yangtze River Basin regional meteorological data and the upper reaches of the Yangtze River Basin regional geographic elevation information data, obtain the upper reaches of the Yangtze River Basin regional river sediment transport capacity influence data;

[0085] In the embodiments of the present application, the existing weather station positions in the region are determined according to the Yangtze River Basin upstream region division data. If there are insufficient or unevenly distributed existing weather stations, mobile weather stations can be considered to be added or remote sensing technology can be used to supplement data. Various types of data of the weather station are collected, including temperature, precipitation, wind speed, wind direction, humidity, air pressure, etc. The data collection frequency should be determined according to the research needs, which can be hourly, daily, monthly, etc. The collected data is stored in a unified database. Data cleaning, missing value filling and format conversion are performed to ensure the quality and consistency of the data. The existing digital elevation model (DEM) data can be used, specifically SRTM, ASTER GDEM or high-resolution DEM data obtained through LiDAR technology. GIS software (such as ArcGIS, QGIS) or programming languages (such as Python combined with GDAL library) are used to analyze the elevation data and generate geographic elevation information data of the Yangtze River Basin upstream region. The analysis content includes topographic profile, slope, slope direction, watershed divide, river longitudinal profile, etc. The weather data and geographic elevation information data are combined through a model to simulate the rainfall-runoff process. Hydrological models (such as SWAT, HEC-RAS) or sediment transport models (such as SHETRAN, MIKE 21C) are used to simulate sediment transport. The simulation of rainfall, runoff, erosion, sediment transport and deposition process is carried out to evaluate the amount of river sediment transport. The influence of weather changes and topographic features on sediment transport is analyzed to obtain the river sediment transport amount influence data of the Yangtze River Basin upstream region.

[0086] Step S3: collecting hydrological information of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River Basin according to the Yangtze River Basin region division data, obtaining hydrological data of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River Basin; analyzing the morphology of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River Basin through the Yangtze River Basin elevation model, generating river channel morphology data of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River Basin; fitting the sediment transport path through the hydrological data of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River Basin and the river channel morphology data of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River Basin, generating river sediment transport influence data of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River Basin;

[0087] In the embodiments of the present application, the existing hydrological station positions in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River Basin are determined according to the regional division data of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River Basin. If the existing hydrological stations are insufficient or unevenly distributed, temporary hydrological stations can be considered to be added or flow measurement equipment can be used for supplementation. The data of each hydrological station are collected, including flow, water level, flow rate, temperature, suspended solids concentration, etc. The data collection frequency should be determined according to the research needs, which can be hourly, daily, monthly, etc. The collected data are stored in a unified database. Data cleaning, missing value filling and format conversion are performed to ensure the quality and consistency of the data. The detailed topographic data of the middle reaches of the river are generated using the DEM data of the Yangtze River Basin. Geological exploration data and remote sensing image data of the middle reaches of the river are supplemented to further improve the river morphology information. GIS software (such as ArcGIS, QGIS) or programming language (such as Python combined with GDAL library) is used for river morphology analysis to generate middle reaches of the river morphology data. The analysis content includes river longitudinal profile, transverse profile, river width, river bed slope, curvature, cross section shape, etc. The hydrological data and river morphology data of the middle reaches are combined to simulate the movement path of sediment in the river. Hydrodynamic model (such as MIKE 21C, HEC-RAS) or sediment transport model (such as SWAT, SEDTRAN) is used to simulate the movement path of sediment. The movement trajectory of sediment under different flow and hydrological conditions is simulated. The processes of sediment deposition, erosion, resuspension and migration in the river are analyzed. Based on the simulation results of the model, the influence of sediment transport on the morphology and water quality of the middle reaches of the river is evaluated. The river sediment transport influence data of the middle reaches are generated, including sediment transport path, deposition area, erosion area, etc.

[0088] Step S4: collecting downstream river channel tidal data of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River Basin according to the regional division data of the Yangtze River Basin, obtaining tidal observation data of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River Basin; extracting the lower reaches of the river network of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River Basin through the DEM of the Yangtze River Basin, obtaining the river network data of the lower reaches; evaluating the influence of regional sediment deposition through the tidal observation data of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River Basin and the river network data of the lower reaches, generating the river sediment deposition influence data of the lower reaches;

[0089] In the embodiments of the present application, the existing tidal observation station positions in the region are determined according to the Yangtze River Basin downstream region division data. If the existing observation stations are insufficient or unevenly distributed, temporary observation stations can be considered to be added or flow observation equipment can be used for supplementation. The data of each tidal observation station are collected, including tidal level, tidal range, tidal period, flow velocity, flow direction, etc. The data collection frequency should be determined according to the research needs, which can be hours, days, months, etc. The collected data are stored in a unified database. Data cleaning, missing value filling and format conversion are performed to ensure the quality and consistency of the data. The Yangtze River Basin elevation model (DEM) data are used to generate detailed topographic data of the downstream river channel. Geological exploration data and remote sensing image data of the downstream region are supplemented to further improve the river network information. GIS software (such as ArcGIS, QGIS) or programming language (such as Python combined with GDAL library) is used for river network extraction to obtain the river network data of the downstream region. The analysis content includes main river channel, tributary, river width, river bed slope, cross section shape, etc. The tidal observation data and river network data of the downstream region are combined to simulate the sediment deposition process in the river network. Hydrodynamic model (such as MIKE 21C, HEC-RAS) or sediment deposition model (such as Delft3D, SWAT) is used for sediment deposition simulation. The trajectory of sediment under different tidal conditions is simulated. The deposition, erosion, resuspension and migration process of sediment in the river network are analyzed. Based on the simulation results of the model, the influence of sediment deposition on the morphology and water quality of the downstream river network is evaluated. The river sediment deposition influence data of the downstream region are generated, including sediment deposition area, deposition thickness, deposition velocity, etc.

[0090] Step S5: obtaining real-time sediment distribution data of the Yangtze River Basin; integrating the upstream river sediment migration impact data, the midstream river sediment transport impact data and the downstream river sediment deposition impact data to generate regional sediment impact data of the Yangtze River Basin; predicting the sediment migration of the Yangtze River Basin based on the regional sediment impact data of the Yangtze River Basin to generate the Yangtze River Basin river sediment migration prediction data;

[0091] In the embodiments of the present application, by establishing a real-time sediment monitoring system in the Yangtze River Basin, sediment monitoring devices such as ADCP (Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler), turbidity meter, etc. are arranged at different positions in the basin. Satellite remote sensing technology (such as Landsat, Sentinel-2) is used to obtain the sediment distribution of the Yangtze River Basin. Real-time sediment concentration, flow rate, flow velocity and other data are collected to ensure timely transmission and storage of data. Internet of Things (IoT) technology is used to realize real-time uploading and remote access of data. The real-time monitoring data is cleaned, calibrated and converted to ensure the accuracy and consistency of the data. The sediment impact data of the upstream, midstream and downstream regions are integrated to build a comprehensive sediment impact database of the Yangtze River Basin. Spatial database (such as PostGIS) and time series database (such as TimescaleDB) are used to store and manage data to ensure efficient retrieval and analysis of data. The sediment data of different regions are standardized to ensure the consistency and comparability of the data. A unified time and spatial resolution is used for interpolation and resampling of the data. Appropriate sediment migration prediction models are selected, such as physical-based hydrodynamic models (MIKE 21C, Delft3D) and data-driven machine learning models (such as random forest, neural network). According to the specific conditions of the Yangtze River Basin, a sediment migration prediction model is established, and the integrated sediment impact data and real-time sediment distribution data are input. Historical data and real-time data are used to calibrate and verify the model to ensure its accuracy and reliability. Through cross-validation and sensitivity analysis, the performance and stability of the model are evaluated. The calibrated model is used to predict sediment migration, and the predicted data of the Yangtze River Basin sediment migration in the future period is generated. The sediment migration path and deposition under different scenarios (such as different rainfall, flow changes, etc.) are analyzed. The prediction results are displayed in the form of maps, charts and reports to generate the river sediment migration prediction data of the Yangtze River Basin. It provides scientific basis and decision support for water resources management, sediment regulation and ecological protection of the Yangtze River Basin.

[0092] Step S6: Based on the river sediment migration prediction data of the Yangtze River Basin, river sediment migration simulation is performed to generate river sediment migration simulation data; the river sediment migration simulation data is visualized to generate a river sediment migration dynamic map; based on the river sediment migration dynamic map, a sediment migration risk decision is constructed to generate a river sediment migration risk decision report to execute the river sediment migration prediction intelligent decision-making job.

[0093] In the embodiments of the present application, an appropriate sediment transport simulation model is selected, such as MIKE 21C, Delft3D, SWAT, etc. According to the geographical, meteorological and hydrological characteristics of the Yangtze River Basin, the model parameters (such as riverbed material, flow, sediment characteristics, etc.) are set. The integrated sediment transport prediction data of the Yangtze River Basin in the early stage is used as the input data of the model. Including real-time sediment distribution data, flow data, meteorological data and terrain data, etc. Run the sediment transport simulation model to generate sediment transport simulation data at different time steps. Calibrate and verify the simulation results to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the simulation data. Use GIS software (such as ArcGIS, QGIS) or visualization tools (such as Tableau, D3.js) to visualize the sediment transport simulation data. Generate dynamic maps to show the temporal and spatial changes of sediment transport, including sediment concentration, deposition area, erosion area, etc. Increase the interactive function of the map to allow users to select different time points and regions for detailed viewing. Add legends, labels and annotations to help users understand the map content. Based on the dynamic map of sediment transport, a sediment transport risk assessment model is constructed. Considering the impact of sediment deposition on waterways, dikes, ports and ecological environment, the risk of sediment transport is assessed. Develop a sediment transport risk decision support system that integrates simulation results, dynamic maps and risk assessment models. The system should have automated analysis, report generation and risk warning functions. According to the risk assessment results, generate a sediment transport risk decision report. The report should include risk assessment results, recommended measures, emergency plans, etc. to provide scientific decision-making basis for management departments. Integrate the sediment transport risk decision support system into the basin management platform to support real-time monitoring and early warning. According to the prediction results, timely adjust the sediment management strategy and take emergency measures (such as dredging, dike reinforcement, etc.). Implement the intelligent decision-making operations provided by the decision support system for on-site monitoring and adjustment. Collect feedback data to evaluate the effectiveness of the decision and optimize the decision support system.

[0094] Preferably, step S1 comprises the following steps:

[0095] Step S11: Obtain the Yangtze River Basin environmental monitoring data by using multi-source remote sensing technology;

[0096] Step S12: Preprocess the Yangtze River Basin environmental monitoring data to generate standard Yangtze River Basin environmental monitoring data, wherein the data preprocessing includes data cleaning, data missing value filling and data standardization;

[0097] Step S13: Build a basin elevation model based on the standard Yangtze River Basin environmental monitoring data to generate a Yangtze River Basin elevation model;

[0098] Step S14: Perform topographic and geological analysis on the Yangtze River Basin elevation model to generate topographic feature data of the Yangtze River Basin; divide the Yangtze River Basin elevation model according to the topographic feature data of the Yangtze River Basin to generate Yangtze River Basin regional division data, wherein the Yangtze River Basin regional division data includes the upper reaches of the Yangtze River Basin, the middle reaches of the Yangtze River Basin and the lower reaches of the Yangtze River Basin.

[0099] In the embodiment of the present application, multi-source remote sensing data is used, including satellite remote sensing (such as Landsat, Sentinel-2, MODIS), aerial remote sensing (such as unmanned aerial vehicle LiDAR) and ground observation data. Select appropriate bands and time resolution to cover the entire Yangtze River Basin. Obtain remote sensing images from public data sources (such as NASA, ESA) or commercial data providers. Arrange regular aerial remote sensing and ground monitoring to ensure data continuity and real-time performance. Use image processing software (such as ENVI, ERDAS IMAGINE) to remove noise, radiation correction and geometric correction of remote sensing data. Check the integrity of the data and remove images with cloud cover or other interference. Use interpolation algorithms (such as inverse distance weighted, Kriging interpolation) to fill in missing data. For time series data, use time interpolation or resampling methods to fill in missing values. Convert different sources and formats of data to ensure data consistency. Apply standardization methods (such as z-score standardization, minimum-maximum standardization) to process data to make it suitable for subsequent analysis. Use standardized remote sensing data to generate elevation models of the Yangtze River Basin using digital elevation model (DEM) generation tools (such as DEM tools in ArcGIS, QGIS). Ensure that the spatial resolution and accuracy of the model meet the research requirements. Use known elevation points or other high-precision elevation data to calibrate and verify the generated DEM. Evaluate the accuracy of the model through statistical analysis (such as RMSE, MAE). Use GIS analysis tools to extract topographic feature data, including slope, aspect, terrain relief, etc. Analyze the main land elements of the Yangtze River Basin, such as rivers, mountains and plains. Analyze the geological structure of the Yangtze River Basin in combination with geological exploration data and geological maps. Identify main geological units, faults, lithology and other features. Based on the topographic feature data and the elevation model, divide the Yangtze River Basin into regions. Use watershed analysis or watershed segmentation algorithms to divide the Yangtze River Basin into upper, middle and lower reaches. Output vector data containing the upper, middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River Basin. Ensure the accuracy and continuity of the regional division data to provide a basis for subsequent analysis.

[0100] Preferably, step S14 includes the following steps:

[0101] Step S141: Extract topographic features from the Yangtze River Basin elevation model to obtain topographic feature data of the Yangtze River Basin;

[0102] Step S142: Perform geological structure analysis on the topographic feature data of the Yangtze River Basin to generate the geological structure data of the Yangtze River Basin;

[0103] Step S143: Perform watershed extraction on the elevation model of the Yangtze River Basin based on the geological structure data of the Yangtze River Basin to obtain the watershed divide data of the Yangtze River Basin; and perform regional boundary confirmation on the elevation model of the Yangtze River Basin based on the watershed divide data of the Yangtze River Basin to obtain the regional boundary data of the Yangtze River Basin;

[0104] Step S144: Divide the regional boundary data of the Yangtze River Basin into regions using the topographic feature data of the Yangtze River Basin to generate the regional division data of the Yangtze River Basin, wherein the regional division data of the Yangtze River Basin includes the upper reaches of the Yangtze River Basin, the middle reaches of the Yangtze River Basin, and the lower reaches of the Yangtze River Basin.

[0105] In the embodiment of the present application, the terrain feature data is extracted by using a geographic information system (GIS) tool (such as ArcGIS or QGIS) to analyze the elevation model (DEM) of the Yangtze River Basin. The terrain feature data such as slope, aspect, relief, and river network is generated. The extracted terrain feature data is stored in vector or raster data format for subsequent analysis and processing. The geological map and geological exploration data of the Yangtze River Basin are collected, including fault, geological structure, lithology, and other information. The multi-source geological data is integrated to build a complete geological database of the Yangtze River Basin. The GIS software is used in combination with the terrain feature data to analyze the geological structure of the Yangtze River Basin. The geological structure data of the Yangtze River Basin is generated, including main geological units, fault distribution, and lithology changes. The GIS tool (such as the Watershed tool in ArcGIS) is used to extract the watershed of the elevation model of the Yangtze River Basin. The geological structure data is input to improve the accuracy of the watershed extraction, and the watershed data of the Yangtze River Basin is obtained. Based on the watershed data, the regional boundary of the Yangtze River Basin is confirmed and refined. The GIS tool is used to draw and store the regional boundary data to ensure the accuracy and consistency of the data. In combination with the terrain feature data and the regional boundary data, the Yangtze River Basin is divided into regions in detail. The region division algorithm (such as hierarchical clustering or region growing) is used to divide the Yangtze River Basin into upper, middle, and lower reaches regions according to the terrain and geological features. The regional division data of the Yangtze River Basin is output, including the specific boundaries and attribute information of the upper, middle, and lower reaches. The regional division data is stored to ensure its visualization and operability.

[0106] As an example of the present application, reference is made to Fig. 1, which shows a schematic diagram of a system for collecting and processing meteorological data of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River Basin according to an embodiment of the present application. In this example, the step S2 includes: Figure 2

[0107] Step S21: Collect meteorological data of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River Basin based on the regional division data of the Yangtze River Basin to obtain the meteorological data of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River Basin.

[0108] ​Step S22: Analyze the upstream regional geographic elevation information of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River by the Yangtze River elevation model to generate upstream regional geographic elevation information data; calculate the upstream terrain drop to obtain the upstream terrain drop data of the Yangtze River;

[0109] Step S23: Perform upstream regional rainfall time series analysis on the upstream regional meteorological data of the Yangtze River to generate upstream regional rainfall data; average the upstream regional rainfall data to generate upstream regional average rainfall data;

[0110] Step S24: Simulate the upstream regional runoff according to the preset hydrological model on the upstream regional average rainfall data to generate upstream regional runoff simulation data; evaluate the upstream regional river sediment transport amount based on the upstream regional runoff simulation data to obtain the upstream regional river sediment transport amount influence data.

[0111] In the embodiment of the application, according to the regional division data of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, meteorological stations covering the upstream region are selected, including fixed meteorological stations of the National Meteorological Bureau and automatic meteorological stations in the basin. Meteorological data of the meteorological stations are collected, including rainfall, temperature, humidity, wind speed, etc. The quality control and calibration of the meteorological station data are performed to ensure the accuracy of the data. The processed meteorological data are stored in a unified database with uniform format for subsequent analysis. The Yangtze River elevation model is used to analyze the detailed geographic elevation information of the upstream region. The elevation data of the upstream region are extracted to generate an elevation distribution map. GIS analysis tools (such as Spatial Analyst tools in ArcGIS) are used to calculate the terrain drop of the upstream region. The upstream terrain drop data of the Yangtze River are generated, including the drop of the main river and the elevation difference of the local region. The rainfall data of the meteorological stations in the upstream region are arranged in time series to form daily, monthly, seasonal and annual rainfall data sequences. Statistical analysis software (such as pandas, numpy libraries in Python) is used for rainfall time series analysis to generate a time series variation chart of rainfall. The rainfall time series data of the upstream region are averaged to calculate the average rainfall in different periods. The upstream regional average rainfall data are generated, including daily average rainfall, monthly average rainfall, annual average rainfall, etc. A hydrological model suitable for the upstream region (such as SWAT, HEC-HMS, etc.) is selected, and the average rainfall data of the upstream region are input. The hydrological model is run to simulate the runoff process of the upstream region to generate the upstream regional runoff simulation data. The runoff simulation data and the terrain drop data of the upstream region are combined to evaluate the sediment transport amount. The sediment transport model (such as RUSLE, USPED, etc.) is used to evaluate the influence of rainfall and terrain drop on river sediment transport. The upstream regional river sediment transport amount influence data are generated to provide spatial distribution and transport amount variation information of sediment transport.

[0112] As an example of the present application, reference is made to Figure 3 In the present example, the step S3 comprises:

[0113] Step S31: collecting hydrological information of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River according to the Yangtze River Basin regional division data, to obtain the middle reaches of the Yangtze River regional hydrological data;

[0114] Step S32: analyzing the morphology of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River through the Yangtze River Basin elevation model, to generate the middle reaches of the Yangtze River regional river channel morphology data, wherein the middle reaches of the Yangtze River regional river channel morphology data includes middle reaches of the Yangtze River channel width data, middle reaches of the Yangtze River channel depth data and middle reaches of the Yangtze River channel curvature data;

[0115] Step S33: calculating the middle reaches of the Yangtze River regional river channel storage capacity based on the middle reaches of the Yangtze River regional hydrological data, to obtain the middle reaches of the Yangtze River regional river channel storage capacity data; comparing the middle reaches of the Yangtze River regional river channel storage capacity data with the preset standard river channel storage threshold value, when the middle reaches of the Yangtze River regional river channel storage capacity data is greater than or equal to the preset standard river channel storage threshold value, then marking the first water period based on the middle reaches of the Yangtze River regional river channel storage capacity data, to generate the middle reaches of the Yangtze River flood period;

[0116] Step S34: when the middle reaches of the Yangtze River regional river channel storage capacity data is less than the preset standard river channel storage threshold value, then marking the second water period based on the middle reaches of the Yangtze River regional river channel storage capacity data, to generate the middle reaches of the Yangtze River dry period; according to the middle reaches of the Yangtze River dry period and the middle reaches of the Yangtze River flood period, analyzing the sediment transport of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River channel width data, the middle reaches of the Yangtze River channel depth data and the middle reaches of the Yangtze River channel curvature data respectively, to generate the first water period sediment transport data and the second water period sediment transport data;

[0117] Step S35: fitting the first water period sediment transport data and the second water period sediment transport data to generate the middle reaches of the Yangtze River regional river sediment transport impact data.

[0118] In the embodiment of the present application, the hydrological data of the middle reaches region is obtained by selecting appropriate hydrological stations and monitoring points according to the regional division data of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River Basin. The data includes monitoring data of water level, flow, water quality, etc. The collected hydrological data is subjected to quality control and processing to ensure the accuracy and integrity of the data. The processed hydrological data is stored in the database for subsequent analysis and application. The morphology of the middle reaches of the river is analyzed in detail using the elevation model of the Yangtze River Basin. Important parameters such as the width, depth and curvature of the river channel are extracted and calculated. The middle reaches of the river channel morphology data is generated to ensure the accuracy of the spatial distribution and geographic information. The river channel morphology data is stored as vector or raster data format of geographic information system (GIS) for subsequent analysis of sediment transport. Based on the hydrological data, the storage capacity of the middle reaches of the river is calculated, considering the relationship between water level and river cross section. The accuracy and reliability of the storage capacity data are determined. The calculated storage capacity data of the middle reaches of the river is compared with the preset standard river storage threshold value. When the storage capacity data is greater than or equal to the threshold value, it is marked as the first water period (flood period); when the storage capacity data is less than the threshold value, it is marked as the second water period (dry period). Using the morphology data of the middle reaches of the river such as width, depth and curvature, combined with the hydrological conditions of the flood period, the sediment transport analysis is carried out. The characteristics of sediment movement during the flood period are analyzed, including the suspension and deposition of sediment. According to the hydrological conditions and river morphology data of the dry period, the sediment transport during the dry period is analyzed. The influence of low flow during the dry period on sediment movement is considered. The sediment transport data of the first and second water periods are fitted and integrated. Combined with the river morphology data and hydrological conditions, the river sediment transport influence data of the middle reaches region is generated.

[0119] As an example of the present application, reference is made to Fig. 1, which shows a flowchart of a method for determining the river sediment transport influence data of the middle reaches region of the Yangtze River Basin according to an embodiment of the present application. In this example, the step S4 includes: Figure 4

[0120] Step S41: collecting downstream river channel tidal data of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River Basin according to the regional division data of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River Basin to obtain tidal observation data of the lower reaches region of the Yangtze River Basin;

[0121] Step S42: extracting the lower reaches river network of the Yangtze River Basin by the elevation model of the Yangtze River Basin to obtain the lower reaches river network data; calculating the cell river network density of the lower reaches river network data to obtain the lower reaches river network density map;

[0122] Step S43: calculating the river bifurcation index of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River Basin according to the lower reaches river network density map by the river bifurcation index calculation formula to obtain the river bifurcation index of the lower reaches region of the Yangtze River Basin;

[0123] ​Step S44: Based on ocean dynamics, tidal observation data in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River basin is simulated to generate sea current simulation data in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River basin; the river sedimentation influence data in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River basin is generated by evaluating the influence of the river sedimentation in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River basin based on the river bifurcation index of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River basin.

[0124] In the embodiment of the present application, according to the regional division data of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River basin, appropriate tidal observation sites are selected. Tidal related data, including tidal height, tidal level, tidal flow rate and other data, are obtained. The collected tidal data is subjected to quality control and calibration. The accuracy and integrity of the data are ensured, and the existing abnormal values and missing data are processed. The river network in the lower reaches is extracted using the elevation model of the Yangtze River basin and geographic information system (GIS) tools. The location and shape of the main river and tributaries are determined. According to the extracted river network data, the river network density in the lower reaches is calculated. The river network density can be evaluated by calculating the length or number of river channels per unit area to evaluate the density of the river network. The river bifurcation index of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River basin is calculated using the river bifurcation index calculation formula combined with the river network density map. The bifurcation index reflects the complexity of the branching and intersection of the river channel in a specific area, and is one of the important factors affecting sediment transport and deposition. Based on the tidal observation data in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River basin, the sea current in the lower reaches is simulated using ocean dynamics model (such as ADCIRC, ROMS, etc.). The simulation considers the influence of tide and other environmental factors on the sea current, and generates detailed sea current simulation data. The river bifurcation index and sea current simulation data are used to evaluate the influence of sediment deposition in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River basin. The influence of river bifurcation on sediment transport path is analyzed, and the distribution and accumulation of river sediments in the lower reaches are predicted.

[0125] Preferably, the river bifurcation index calculation formula in step S43 is as follows: ,

[0126] In the formula, is the river bifurcation index, is the length of the river end point, is the number of river characteristics, is the weight of the th river characteristic, is the attenuation coefficient of the th river characteristic, is the position of the th river characteristic on the river, is the position on the river, is the contribution coefficient which changes with the position of the river, is the variance of the normal distribution.

[0127] The present application analyzes and integrates a river branch index calculation formula. The principle of the formula is to accumulate the characteristic values of the river within the range from the starting point to the ending point through integration, reflecting the diversity and spatial distribution of river branches. The integral term in the formula represents the integral from the starting point 0 to the ending point of the river, accumulating the contributions of the characteristic values at each position on the river to the branch index. It can capture the distribution of branches and branches in the entire length range of the river, providing a global evaluation. The summation term in the formula represents the summation of all characteristics, including river width, depth, flow rate, etc. It ensures that all important river characteristics are considered in the evaluation, and their contributions are considered comprehensively. The weight of the formula represents the weight of each characteristic , adjusting its importance in the calculation of the branch index. By adjusting the weight, the influence of a particular feature on the branch index can be highlighted or weakened, making the evaluation more realistic. The Gaussian function in the formula can measure the similarity of the river characteristics to the current position . The position variables in the formula and , represent the integral variable, i.e. the position on the river, used to integrate the characteristic values within the entire length range of the river, is the position or measure of a particular characteristic on the river, compared with the current position . The weight function changes with the river position , adjusting the contribution of different positions to the branch index during the integration process, capturing the spatial distribution changes of river characteristics at different positions, improving the accuracy and precision of the evaluation. The normalization constant in the formula ensures the normalization of the similarity calculation result, making it conform to the normal distribution. It provides stable branch index calculation results, reducing the deviation in the calculation process. When using the conventional river branch index calculation formula in the field, the thermal expansion coefficient of hydrogen can be obtained. By applying the river branch index calculation formula provided by the present application, the thermal expansion coefficient of hydrogen can be calculated more accurately. The formula considers multiple river characteristics and their spatial distribution, comprehensively evaluates the branching degree of the river, and provides a comprehensive structural description. Through the Gaussian function and the integral term, the spatial distribution of river characteristics at different positions is effectively captured, reflecting the complexity of branches and branches. By adjusting the weight and attenuation coefficient, it is suitable for different types and characteristics of rivers, making the evaluation more adaptive and practical. The use of normalization constant and weight function ensures the stability and accuracy of the evaluation results, reducing the interference of external factors on the evaluation.

[0128] Preferably, step S5 comprises the following steps:

[0129] Step S51: Obtain real-time sediment distribution data of the Yangtze River Basin;

[0130] Step S52: Integrate the upstream river sediment migration amount influence data, the midstream river sediment transport influence data and the downstream river sediment deposition influence data to generate the Yangtze River Basin regional sediment influence data;

[0131] Step S53: Divide the Yangtze River Basin regional sediment influence data into a model training set and a model test set; train the model training set by using a long short-term memory neural network algorithm to generate a Yangtze River Basin sediment migration training model;

[0132] Step S54: Test and iterate the Yangtze River Basin sediment migration training model by using the model test set, thereby generating a Yangtze River Basin sediment migration prediction model; import the real-time sediment distribution data of the Yangtze River Basin into the Yangtze River Basin sediment migration training model to predict the Yangtze River Basin river sediment migration, and generate Yangtze River Basin river sediment migration prediction data.

[0133] In the embodiment of the present application, real-time sediment concentration, sediment movement speed and other related data are obtained from monitoring stations and remote sensing data at key points in the Yangtze River Basin. The real-time and accuracy of the data are ensured to support subsequent model training and prediction. The upstream river sediment migration amount influence data, the midstream river sediment transport influence data and the downstream river sediment deposition influence data obtained in steps S21, S31 and S41 are integrated together. The consistency and integrity between the data are ensured, and data format conversion and standardization are required. The integrated sediment influence data is divided into a model training set and a model test set. Typical division methods include random division or division according to time sequence to ensure the generalization ability of the model on unseen data. The long short-term memory neural network (LSTM) algorithm in deep learning is used to train the model training set. LSTM is suitable for processing time series data and can capture the complex relationships and dynamic changes of sediment between different regions in the Yangtze River Basin. The trained LSTM model is tested and iteratively optimized using the model test set. The model parameters and structure are adjusted to improve the prediction accuracy and generalization ability of the model. The real-time sediment distribution data is imported into the trained LSTM model to predict the Yangtze River Basin river sediment migration. The Yangtze River Basin river sediment migration prediction data, including sediment concentration change, movement speed and deposition amount, etc. are generated.

[0134] Preferably, step S6 comprises the following steps:

[0135] Step S61: based on the Yangtze River basin river sediment transport prediction data, river sediment transport simulation is carried out to generate river sediment transport simulation data, wherein the river sediment transport simulation data includes sediment movement trajectory simulation data and sediment deposition process data;

[0136] Step S62: using GIS platform, the sediment movement trajectory simulation data and the sediment deposition process data are integrated by GIS to generate sediment simulation spatial data;

[0137] Step S63: visualizing the sediment simulation spatial data to generate a river sediment transport dynamic map; based on the river sediment transport dynamic map, a sediment transport risk decision-making is constructed to generate a river sediment transport risk decision report to execute the river sediment transport prediction intelligent decision-making work.

[0138] In the embodiment of the application, the Yangtze River basin river sediment transport prediction data generated by step S5 is used as input. The data includes sediment concentration, sediment movement speed, deposition process and other information. Based on the prediction data, numerical models (such as numerical river dynamics model, sediment transport model) are used for river sediment transport simulation. Sediment movement trajectory simulation data is generated to describe the movement path of sediment at different times and spaces. Sediment deposition process data is generated to record the deposition amount and distribution of sediment in the river channel and estuary. GIS software (such as ArcGIS, QGIS) is used to integrate and process the sediment movement trajectory simulation data and the deposition process data. The simulation data is combined with geographic spatial information (such as river network, terrain, land use) to create spatial data for sediment simulation. The integrated sediment simulation spatial data is made into a river sediment transport dynamic map. The map can show the sediment movement path, deposition distribution, potential risk area and other information. Based on the dynamic map and simulation results, the risk assessment and decision-making of river sediment transport are carried out. The influence of sediment deposition on the river and the surrounding area is analyzed, and the environmental and engineering risks are evaluated. A river sediment transport risk decision report is generated, including simulation results, risk assessment, recommended management measures and emergency response schemes. The report provides decision support for decision-makers and managers, helping to develop effective river sediment management strategies and measures.

[0139] In this specification, a river sediment transport intelligent prediction system based on multi-source remote sensing is provided for executing the above-mentioned river sediment transport intelligent prediction method based on multi-source remote sensing, which comprises:

[0140] The regional partitioning module is used to obtain environmental monitoring data of the Yangtze River Basin; perform topographic and geological analysis on the environmental monitoring data of the Yangtze River Basin to generate terrain feature data of the Yangtze River Basin; divide the Yangtze River Basin elevation model into different regions based on the terrain feature data of the Yangtze River Basin to generate regional division data of the Yangtze River Basin, where the regional division data of the Yangtze River Basin includes the upper reaches of the Yangtze River Basin, the middle reaches of the Yangtze River Basin and the lower reaches of the Yangtze River Basin;

[0141] The upstream impact analysis module is used to collect meteorological station data in the upstream area of ​​the Yangtze River Basin based on the regional division data of the Yangtze River Basin to obtain meteorological data in the upstream area of ​​the Yangtze River Basin; analyze the geographic elevation information of the upstream area of ​​the Yangtze River Basin through the Yangtze River Basin elevation model to generate geographic elevation information data in the upstream area; evaluate the amount of river sediment transport in the upstream area through the meteorological data and geographic elevation information data of the upstream area of ​​the Yangtze River Basin to obtain the impact data of river sediment transport in the upstream area;

[0142] The midstream impact analysis module is used to collect hydrological information of the midstream river channels in the Yangtze River basin based on the regional division data of the Yangtze River basin, and obtain hydrological data of the midstream region of the Yangtze River basin; to analyze the midstream river channel morphology of the midstream river basin using the Yangtze River basin elevation model, and generate river channel morphology data of the midstream region of the Yangtze River basin; to fit the sediment movement path using the hydrological data of the midstream region of the Yangtze River basin and the river channel morphology data of the midstream region of the Yangtze River basin, and generate the sediment transport impact data of the midstream region of the Yangtze River basin;

[0143] The downstream impact analysis module is used to collect downstream river tidal data in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River basin based on the regional division data of the Yangtze River basin, and obtain tidal observation data in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River basin; extract the downstream river network of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River basin through the Yangtze River basin elevation model, and obtain downstream regional river network data; conduct regional sediment deposition impact assessment based on the tidal observation data and downstream regional river network data of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River basin, and generate downstream regional river sediment deposition impact data;

[0144] The sediment prediction module is used to obtain real-time sediment distribution data for the Yangtze River Basin; integrate the data on sediment migration impact in upstream rivers, sediment transport impact in midstream rivers, and sediment deposition impact in downstream rivers to generate regional sediment impact data for the Yangtze River Basin; and use the regional sediment impact data for the Yangtze River Basin to predict sediment migration in the Yangtze River Basin to generate sediment migration prediction data for the Yangtze River Basin.

[0145] Analog decision module, for river sediment transport simulation based on Yangtze River Basin river sediment transport prediction data, generating river sediment transport simulation data; visualizing river sediment transport simulation data, generating river sediment transport dynamic map; based on river sediment transport dynamic map, sediment transport risk decision making, generating river sediment transport risk decision report, to execute river sediment transport prediction intelligent decision making job.

[0146] The beneficial effects of the present application are that by obtaining Yangtze River Basin environmental monitoring data, topographic and geological analysis is performed, topographic feature data is generated, and the upper, middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River Basin are divided. Basic data of different topographic features in the basin are provided, laying a foundation for subsequent analysis and prediction. Meteorological data and geographic elevation information in the upper reaches are collected to assess the amount of river sediment transport. Data support is provided for understanding the contribution of the upper reaches to river sediment load, which helps to predict and manage sediment movement in the upper reaches. Hydrological data and river channel morphology data in the middle reaches are collected to fit the sediment transport path. It helps to understand the role and influence of the middle reaches in the process of sediment transport, providing an important basis for integrated basin management. Tidal observation data and river network data in the lower reaches are obtained to assess the sedimentation impact of river sediment. Data support is provided for understanding the sedimentation characteristics of the lower reaches and their influencing factors, which helps to develop river management and sediment treatment strategies. The above influence data is integrated to generate sediment impact data and predict the Yangtze River Basin river sediment transport. It provides a basis for a comprehensive understanding of the sediment transport mechanism in the Yangtze River Basin and provides prediction support for river sediment management decisions. Based on the prediction data, sediment transport simulation is performed to generate a dynamic map and a risk decision report. Through visualization and reporting, it helps decision makers to understand the dynamic process and potential risks of river sediment transport, supporting intelligent decision making and emergency response. Therefore, through multi-source remote sensing data fusion and detailed regional analysis, the present application realizes high-precision dynamic prediction and intelligent decision support for river sediment transport in the Yangtze River Basin, improving the monitoring and prediction accuracy of sediment transport.

[0147] Therefore, from any point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-limiting, the scope of the present application being defined by the attached claims rather than the above description, and it is therefore intended to encompass all variations falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the application file.

[0148] The above description is only a specific implementation of the present application, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application will not be limited to these embodiments shown herein, but will conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An intelligent prediction method for river sediment migration based on multi-source remote sensing, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step S1: Acquire environmental monitoring data of the Yangtze River Basin; perform topographic and geological analysis on the environmental monitoring data of the Yangtze River Basin to generate topographic feature data of the Yangtze River Basin; Based on the Yangtze River Basin terrain feature data, the Yangtze River Basin elevation model is divided into basin regions to generate Yangtze River Basin regional division data, wherein the Yangtze River Basin regional division data includes the upper Yangtze River Basin, the middle Yangtze River Basin and the lower Yangtze River Basin; Step S2: collecting meteorological station data in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River basin according to the regional division data of the Yangtze River basin to obtain meteorological data in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River basin; analyzing the geographic elevation information of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River basin using the Yangtze River basin elevation model to generate geographic elevation information data in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River basin; evaluating the amount of sediment transported in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River basin using the meteorological data and the geographic elevation information data in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River basin to obtain the impact data of the amount of sediment transported in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River basin; Step S3: collecting hydrological information of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River basin based on the regional division data of the Yangtze River basin to obtain hydrological data of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River basin; performing a morphological analysis of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River basin using the Yangtze River basin elevation model to generate river morphological data of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River basin; fitting sediment movement paths using the hydrological data of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River basin and the river morphological data of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River basin to generate sediment transport impact data of rivers in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River basin; Step S4: collecting downstream river tidal data for the lower reaches of the Yangtze River basin based on the Yangtze River basin regional division data to obtain tidal observation data for the lower reaches of the Yangtze River basin; extracting the downstream river network for the lower reaches of the Yangtze River basin using the Yangtze River basin elevation model to obtain river network data for the lower reaches of the Yangtze River basin; conducting a regional sediment deposition impact assessment using the tidal observation data for the lower reaches of the Yangtze River basin and the river network data for the lower reaches of the Yangtze River basin to generate sediment deposition impact data for rivers in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River basin; Step S5: Acquire real-time sediment distribution data for the Yangtze River Basin; integrate the data on sediment migration impact in upstream rivers, the data on sediment transport impact in midstream rivers, and the data on sediment deposition impact in downstream rivers to generate regional sediment impact data for the Yangtze River Basin; perform sediment migration prediction for rivers in the Yangtze River Basin based on the regional sediment impact data for the Yangtze River Basin to generate sediment migration prediction data for rivers in the Yangtze River Basin; Step S6: performing a river sediment migration simulation based on the Yangtze River Basin river sediment migration prediction data to generate river sediment migration simulation data; visualizing the river sediment migration simulation data to generate a river sediment migration dynamic map; Based on the dynamic map of river sediment migration, sediment migration risk decision-making is constructed and a river sediment migration risk decision report is generated to execute intelligent decision-making operations for river sediment migration prediction.

2. The intelligent prediction method for river sediment migration based on multi-source remote sensing according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Step S1 includes the following steps: Step S11: using multi-source remote sensing technology to obtain environmental monitoring data of the Yangtze River Basin; Step S12: performing data preprocessing on the Yangtze River Basin environmental monitoring data to generate standard Yangtze River Basin environmental monitoring data, wherein the data preprocessing includes data cleaning, data missing value filling and data standardization; Step S13: performing basin elevation modeling based on standard Yangtze River basin environmental monitoring data to generate a Yangtze River basin elevation model; Step S14: Performing a topographic and geological analysis on the Yangtze River Basin elevation model to generate terrain feature data for the Yangtze River Basin; performing basin regional division on the Yangtze River Basin elevation model based on the terrain feature data for the Yangtze River Basin to generate Yangtze River Basin regional division data, wherein the Yangtze River Basin regional division data includes the upper reaches of the Yangtze River Basin, the middle reaches of the Yangtze River Basin, and the lower reaches of the Yangtze River Basin.

3. The intelligent prediction method for river sediment migration based on multi-source remote sensing according to claim 2 is characterized in that: Step S14 includes the following steps: Step S141: extracting terrain features from the Yangtze River Basin elevation model to obtain Yangtze River Basin terrain feature data; Step S142: performing geological structure analysis on the terrain feature data of the Yangtze River Basin to generate geological structure data of the Yangtze River Basin; Step S143: extracting the watershed of the Yangtze River Basin elevation model using the Yangtze River Basin geological structure data to obtain the Yangtze River Basin watershed data; confirming the regional boundary of the Yangtze River Basin elevation model based on the Yangtze River Basin watershed data to obtain the Yangtze River Basin regional boundary data; Step S144: Using the terrain feature data of the Yangtze River Basin, the regional boundary data of the Yangtze River Basin is partitioned to generate the regional division data of the Yangtze River Basin, wherein the regional division data of the Yangtze River Basin includes the upper reaches of the Yangtze River Basin, the middle reaches of the Yangtze River Basin and the lower reaches of the Yangtze River Basin.

4. The intelligent prediction method for river sediment migration based on multi-source remote sensing according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Step S2 includes the following steps: Step S21: collecting meteorological station data in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River basin according to the regional division data of the Yangtze River basin to obtain meteorological data in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River basin; Step S22: Analyzing the geographic elevation information of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River basin using the Yangtze River basin elevation model to generate geographic elevation information data of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River basin; calculating the upstream terrain drop of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River basin using the geographic elevation information data of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River basin to obtain the terrain drop data of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River basin; Step S23: performing a rainfall time series analysis on the meteorological data of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River Basin to generate rainfall data for the upper reaches of the Yangtze River Basin; performing rainfall averaging on the rainfall data of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River Basin to generate average rainfall data for the upper reaches of the Yangtze River Basin; Step S24: Perform upstream regional runoff simulation on the upstream regional average rainfall data according to a preset hydrological model to generate upstream regional runoff simulation data; evaluate the upstream regional river sediment migration amount based on the upstream regional terrain difference data of the Yangtze River Basin based on the upstream regional runoff simulation data to obtain upstream regional river sediment migration amount impact data.

5. The intelligent prediction method for river sediment migration based on multi-source remote sensing according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Step S3 includes the following steps: Step S31: collecting hydrological information of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River basin according to the regional division data of the Yangtze River basin to obtain hydrological data of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River basin; Step S32: performing a midstream river channel morphology analysis on the midstream of the Yangtze River basin using the Yangtze River basin elevation model to generate river channel morphology data for the midstream of the Yangtze River basin, wherein the river channel morphology data for the midstream of the Yangtze River basin includes midstream river channel width data, midstream river channel depth data, and midstream river channel curvature data; Step S33: Calculating the midstream river channel water storage capacity based on the hydrological data of the midstream region of the Yangtze River Basin to obtain midstream region river channel water storage capacity data; comparing the midstream region river channel water storage capacity data with a preset standard river channel water storage threshold; and when the midstream region river channel water storage capacity data is greater than or equal to the preset standard river channel water storage threshold, marking a first water period based on the midstream region river channel water storage capacity data to generate a midstream river channel flood period; Step S34: When the water storage data of the midstream region river channel is less than a preset standard river channel water storage threshold, a second water period mark is performed based on the water storage data of the midstream region river channel to generate the midstream region river channel dry season; sediment transport analysis is performed on the midstream region river channel width data, the midstream region river channel depth data, and the midstream region river channel curvature data according to the midstream region river channel dry season and the midstream region river channel flood season, respectively, to generate the first water period sediment transport data and the second water period sediment transport data; Step S35: fitting the sediment transport data of the first water period and the sediment transport data of the second water period into sediment movement paths to generate sediment transport impact data for the middle reaches of the river.

6. The intelligent prediction method for river sediment migration based on multi-source remote sensing according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Step S4 includes the following steps: Step S41: collecting downstream river tidal data for the lower reaches of the Yangtze River basin according to the regional division data of the Yangtze River basin, and obtaining tidal observation data for the lower reaches of the Yangtze River basin; Step S42: extracting the downstream river network of the Yangtze River basin using the Yangtze River basin elevation model to obtain river network data for the downstream region; calculating the cell river network density of the downstream region river network data to obtain a river network density map for the downstream region; Step S43: Calculating the river channel bifurcation index of the downstream Yangtze River basin based on the river network density map of the downstream area using the river channel bifurcation index calculation formula to obtain the river channel bifurcation index of the downstream Yangtze River basin; Step S44: Based on ocean dynamics, the downstream area ocean current simulation is performed on the tidal observation data of the downstream area of ​​the Yangtze River Basin to generate the ocean current simulation data of the downstream area of ​​the Yangtze River Basin; the regional sediment deposition impact assessment is performed on the ocean current simulation data of the downstream area of ​​the Yangtze River Basin through the river channel bifurcation index of the downstream area of ​​the Yangtze River Basin to generate the downstream area river sediment deposition impact data.

7. The intelligent prediction method for river sediment migration based on multi-source remote sensing according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The calculation formula of the river channel bifurcation index in step S43 is as follows: ， Where, Expressed as the river bifurcation index, Expressed as the length of the river end point, Expressed as the number of river channel features, Expressed as The weight of each river feature, Expressed as The attenuation coefficient of each river channel feature, Expressed as The location of each channel feature on the river channel, is represented by the position on the river channel, Expressed as the river position The contribution coefficient changes with the change of Expressed as the variance of the normal distribution.

8. The intelligent prediction method for river sediment migration based on multi-source remote sensing according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Step S5 includes the following steps: Step S51: Acquire real-time sediment distribution data of the Yangtze River Basin; Step S52: Integrate the data on the impact of sediment migration in the upstream region, the data on the impact of sediment transport in the midstream region, and the data on the impact of sediment deposition in the downstream region to generate the regional sediment impact data for the Yangtze River Basin; Step S53: dividing the sediment impact data of the Yangtze River Basin into a data set to generate a model training set and a model test set; training the model training set using a long short-term memory neural network algorithm to generate a Yangtze River Basin sediment migration training model; Step S54: Use the model test set to iterate the model test of the Yangtze River Basin sediment migration training model to generate the Yangtze River Basin sediment migration prediction model; import the real-time sediment distribution data of the Yangtze River Basin into the Yangtze River Basin sediment migration training model to predict the sediment migration of rivers in the Yangtze River Basin, and generate the Yangtze River Basin river sediment migration prediction data.

9. The multi-source remote sensing river sediment migration intelligent prediction method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Step S6 includes the following steps: Step S61: performing a river sediment migration simulation based on the Yangtze River Basin river sediment migration prediction data to generate river sediment migration simulation data, wherein the river sediment migration simulation data includes sediment movement trajectory simulation data and sediment deposition process data; Step S62: using a GIS platform to perform GIS integration on the sediment movement trajectory simulation data and the sediment deposition process data to generate sediment simulation spatial data; Step S63: Visualize the sediment simulation spatial data to generate a dynamic map of river sediment migration; construct a sediment migration risk decision based on the dynamic map of river sediment migration, and generate a river sediment migration risk decision report to execute the river sediment migration prediction intelligent decision-making operation.

10. An intelligent prediction system for river sediment migration based on multi-source remote sensing, characterized in that: The method for intelligently predicting river sediment migration based on multi-source remote sensing according to claim 1 is used to execute the method, the intelligent prediction system for river sediment migration based on multi-source remote sensing comprising: The regional partitioning module is used to obtain environmental monitoring data of the Yangtze River Basin; perform topographic and geological analysis on the environmental monitoring data of the Yangtze River Basin to generate terrain feature data of the Yangtze River Basin; divide the Yangtze River Basin elevation model into different regions based on the terrain feature data of the Yangtze River Basin to generate regional division data of the Yangtze River Basin, where the regional division data of the Yangtze River Basin includes the upper reaches of the Yangtze River Basin, the middle reaches of the Yangtze River Basin and the lower reaches of the Yangtze River Basin; The upstream impact analysis module is used to collect meteorological station data in the upstream area of ​​the Yangtze River Basin based on the regional division data of the Yangtze River Basin to obtain meteorological data in the upstream area of ​​the Yangtze River Basin; analyze the geographic elevation information of the upstream area of ​​the Yangtze River Basin through the Yangtze River Basin elevation model to generate geographic elevation information data in the upstream area; evaluate the amount of sediment transported in the upstream area of ​​the Yangtze River Basin through the meteorological data and geographic elevation information data of the upstream area of ​​the Yangtze River Basin to obtain the impact data of sediment transported in the upstream area of ​​the Yangtze River Basin; The midstream impact analysis module is used to collect hydrological information of the midstream river channels in the Yangtze River basin based on the regional division data of the Yangtze River basin, and obtain hydrological data of the midstream region of the Yangtze River basin; to analyze the midstream river channel morphology of the midstream river basin using the Yangtze River basin elevation model, and generate river channel morphology data of the midstream region of the Yangtze River basin; to fit the sediment movement path using the hydrological data of the midstream region of the Yangtze River basin and the river channel morphology data of the midstream region of the Yangtze River basin, and generate the sediment transport impact data of the midstream region of the Yangtze River basin; The downstream impact analysis module is used to collect downstream river tidal data in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River basin based on the regional division data of the Yangtze River basin, and obtain tidal observation data in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River basin; extract the downstream river network of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River basin through the Yangtze River basin elevation model, and obtain downstream regional river network data; conduct regional sediment deposition impact assessment based on the tidal observation data and downstream regional river network data of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River basin, and generate downstream regional river sediment deposition impact data; The sediment prediction module is used to obtain real-time sediment distribution data for the Yangtze River Basin; integrate the data on sediment migration impact in upstream rivers, sediment transport impact in midstream rivers, and sediment deposition impact in downstream rivers to generate regional sediment impact data for the Yangtze River Basin; and use the regional sediment impact data for the Yangtze River Basin to predict sediment migration in the Yangtze River Basin to generate sediment migration prediction data for the Yangtze River Basin. The simulation decision-making module is used to simulate river sediment migration based on the river sediment migration prediction data of the Yangtze River Basin and generate river sediment migration simulation data; visualize the river sediment migration simulation data and generate a river sediment migration dynamic map; construct sediment migration risk decision-making based on the river sediment migration dynamic map and generate a river sediment migration risk decision report to execute river sediment migration prediction intelligent decision-making operations.

Images