New modulation and coding scheme for next generation wlan

Abstract

Techniques related to new multiple modulation and coding scheme (MCS) levels are described for a next generation wireless local area network (WLAN). An apparatus generates a signal using an MCS level that is not defined in the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 be specification. The apparatus then performs wireless communication using the signal. Each of a sensitivity signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) gap and a spectral efficiency gap between two adjacent MCS levels from a combination of the plurality of MCS levels and a plurality of existing MCS levels that have been defined in the IEEE 802.11 be specification is less than a respective one between two adjacent MCS levels from the plurality of existing MCS levels.

Description

[0001] Cross-references to related patent applications

[0002] This disclosure is part of a non-provisional patent application, claiming priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 376,629, filed on September 22, 2022, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. Technical Field

[0003] The present disclosure relates generally to wireless communications and, more particularly, to new modulation and coding scheme (MCS) levels for next generation wireless local area networks (WLANs).

[0004] background

[0005] Unless otherwise indicated herein, the approaches described in this section are not prior art to the listed claims and are not admitted to be prior art by inclusion in this section.

[0006] In wireless communications such as those based on the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 standard, high reliability and higher throughput at different signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) levels are the main goals of next-generation wireless connections. In IEEE 802.11be, there are 16 MCS levels, from the lowest data rate MCS15 (using binary phase-shift keying (BPSK) with dual-carrier modulation (DCM), coding rate (R) is 1 / 2) to the highest data rate MCS13 (using 4096-order quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM), R = 5 / 6). In addition, MCS14 is defined in IEEE 802.11be as being used only for single-user (SU) transmission in the 6 GHz band, and is repeated (DUP) on 80 MHz, 160 MHz, and 320 MHz bandwidths, using BPSK+DCM+DUP, with R=1 / 2. However, the gap in sensitivity SNR requirements between some adjacent MCS levels is quite large and greater than 3 dB. It would be beneficial to use a new MCS level to fill the sensitivity SNR gap and the spectrum efficiency gap. Therefore, a new MCS level solution for the next generation WLAN is needed. Summary of the invention

[0007] The following summary is illustrative only and is not intended to be limiting in any way. That is, the following summary is provided to introduce the concepts, highlights, benefits, and advantages of the novel and non-obvious technology described herein. Selected implementations are further described below in the detailed description. Therefore, the following summary is not intended to determine the essential characteristics of the claimed subject matter, nor is it intended to be used to determine the scope of the claimed subject matter.

[0008] The purpose of the present disclosure is to provide schemes, concepts, designs, techniques, methods and devices related to new MCS levels for next generation WLANs. Under various proposed schemes according to the present invention, defining finer MCS levels can improve / enhance link adaptation performance. In addition, the new MCS levels under various proposed schemes can be based on existing modulation (e.g., from BPSK to 4096QAM). The coding rate can be based on existing coding rates (e.g., R=1 / 2, 2 / 3, 3 / 4, and 5 / 6), or can also be based on low coding rates and high coding rates, such as R=1 / 3, 1 / 4, 1 / 6, 1 / 8, 1 / 12, 7 / 8, and 11 / 12.

[0009] In a first aspect, a method includes generating a signal using an MCS level that is not defined in the IEEE 802.11be specification. The method also includes performing wireless communication using the signal. In a combination of the multiple MCS levels and multiple existing MCS levels that have been defined in the IEEE 802.11be specification, each of a sensitivity SNR gap and a spectrum efficiency gap between two adjacent MCS levels is smaller than a corresponding one between two adjacent MCS levels in the multiple existing MCS levels.

[0010] In a second aspect, an apparatus includes a transceiver configured to perform wireless communication and a processor coupled to the transceiver. The processor generates a signal using an MCS level not defined in the IEEE 802.11be specification. The processor also uses the signal to perform wireless communication via the transceiver. In a combination of the multiple MCS levels and multiple existing MCS levels defined in the IEEE 802.11be specification, each of a sensitivity SNR gap and a spectrum efficiency gap between two adjacent MCS levels is smaller than a corresponding one between two adjacent MCS levels in the multiple existing MCS levels.

[0011] It is worth noting that although the description provided herein may be in the context of certain radio access technologies, networks, and network topologies (e.g., Wi-Fi), the proposed concepts, schemes, and any variants / derivatives thereof may be implemented in other types of radio access technologies, networks, and network topologies (e.g., but not limited to Bluetooth, ZigBee, 5th Generation (5G) / New Radio (NR), Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE-Advanced, LTE-Advanced Pro, Internet of Things (IoT), Industrial IoT (IIoT), and Narrowband IoT (NB-IoT)). Therefore, the scope of the present disclosure is not limited to the examples described herein.

[0012] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] The accompanying drawings are included for further understanding of the present disclosure and are incorporated into and constitute a part of the present disclosure. The accompanying drawings illustrate embodiments of the present disclosure and are used together with the description to explain the principles of the present disclosure. It is understood that the drawings are not necessarily to scale, because in order to clearly illustrate the concept of the present disclosure, some components may be shown as not proportional to the size in the actual implementation.

[0014] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an example network environment in which various solutions and schemes according to the present disclosure may be implemented.

[0015] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of an example design according to the proposed solution of the present disclosure.

[0016] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of an example scenario according to the proposed solution of the present disclosure.

[0017] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of an example scenario according to the proposed solution of the present disclosure.

[0018] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of an example design according to the proposed solution of the present disclosure.

[0019] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of an example scenario according to the proposed solution of the present disclosure.

[0020] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of an example scenario according to the proposed solution of the present disclosure.

[0021] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of an example design according to the proposed solution of the present disclosure.

[0022] Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of an example scenario according to the proposed solution of the present disclosure.

[0023] Fig.10 is a schematic diagram of an example scenario according to the proposed solution of the present disclosure.

[0024] Fig.11 is a block diagram of an example communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0025] Fig.12 is a flow chart of an example process according to an implementation of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] Detailed embodiments and implementations of the claimed subject matter are disclosed herein. However, it should be understood that the disclosed embodiments and implementations are merely illustrations of the claimed subject matter that may be embodied in various forms. However, the present disclosure may be implemented in many different forms and should not be construed as being limited to the exemplary embodiments and implementations set forth herein. On the contrary, these exemplary embodiments and implementations are provided so that the description of the present disclosure is thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the present disclosure to those with ordinary knowledge in the art. In the following description, details of well-known features and technologies are omitted to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the presented embodiments and implementations.

[0027] Overview

[0028] Implementations according to the present disclosure involve various technologies, methods, schemes and / or solutions related to new MCS levels for next generation WLANs. According to the present disclosure, multiple possible solutions may be implemented individually or jointly. That is, although these possible solutions are described separately below, two or more of these possible solutions may be implemented in one combination or other combinations.

[0029] Figure 1 An example network environment 100 is shown in which various solutions and schemes according to the present disclosure may be implemented. Figures 2 to 12 An example of implementation of various proposed solutions in a network environment 100 according to the present disclosure is shown. Figures 1 to 12 The following description of various proposed approaches is provided.

[0030] Reference Figure 1, the network environment 100 may include at least a station (STA) 110 and a STA 120 for wireless communication. Either of STA 110 and STA 120 may be an access point (AP) STA, or alternatively, either of STA 110 and STA 120 may be used as a non-AP STA. In some cases, STA 110 and STA 120 may be associated with a Basic Service Set (BSS) according to one or more IEEE 802.11 standards (e.g., IEEE 802.11be and future standards such as IEEE 802.11 ultra-high reliability (UHR) systems). Each of STA 110 and STA 120 may be configured to communicate with each other by utilizing a new MCS level for next-generation WLANs according to various proposed schemes described below. That is, either or both of STA 110 and STA 120 may act as a "user" in the proposed scheme and the examples described below. It is worth noting that, although various proposed solutions are described separately or independently below, in actual implementation, some or all of the proposed solutions may be utilized or otherwise jointly implemented. Of course, each of the proposed solutions may be used or otherwise implemented separately or independently.

[0031] As defined in the IEEE 802.11be standard, there are a total of 16 MCS levels. Each combination of modulation and coding rate has an associated spectral efficiency. When plotted on a graph, there is a significant spectral efficiency gap (up to 1 bit / tone) between some adjacent two MCS levels. In addition, when the packet error rate (PER) and sensitivity SNR for 20MHz and 80MHz are plotted on a graph, there is a significant sensitivity SNR gap (e.g., 3 to 4dB) between two adjacent MCS levels. Therefore, it is believed that finer MCS levels (to be defined) can achieve more accurate rate adaptation. In addition, the goal of the next generation of Wi-Fi is to improve throughput at different SNR levels (e.g., low SNR for enhanced long-range applications and high SNR for short-range and extremely high throughput applications).

[0032] In view of the above description, under various proposed schemes for the design of new MCS levels according to the present disclosure, existing modulation and coding rate combinations are used to fill the gap in sensitivity SNR. In addition, new MCS levels are proposed to extend the operating range of SNR. For example, some new MCS levels are proposed for low SNR operation for enhanced long-range applications, and other new MCS levels are proposed for high SNR operation for high throughput applications.

[0033] Figure 2 An example design 200 is shown according to a proposed solution of the present disclosure. The table of design 200 shows different combinations of modulation and coding rates for potential new MCS levels. Figure 2 , some combinations of modulation and coding rate (highlighted with the first type of shading) correspond to existing MCS levels that have been defined in IEEE 802.11be. In addition, some combinations of modulation and coding rate (highlighted with the second type of shading) correspond to additional new MCS levels with low coding rate (LCR) and high coding rate (HCR). Furthermore, some combinations of modulation and coding rate (highlighted with the third type of shading) correspond to potential new MCS levels with more existing modulation and coding rate combinations.

[0034] Figure 3 An example scenario 300 according to the proposed scheme of the present disclosure is shown. In scenario 300, PER curves generated by candidates for new MCS levels are plotted on a simulation graph together with PER curves generated by existing MCS levels. The PER curves are simulated using the following specific settings: bandwidth = 20 MHz; channel = additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN); coding = low-density parity-check (LDPC); channel estimation = ideal conditions; packet length = 1458 bytes; number of spatial streams (ss) = 1ss; and configuration = one transmitter antenna and one receiver antenna (1T1R). Figure 3 As shown in FIG. 1 , by adding a new MCS level, the SNR gap between two adjacent MCS levels can be greatly reduced. Finer MCS levels can achieve more accurate and smoother rate adaptation. Figure 3In FIG. 8 , the dark curve represents the PER curve for the existing MCS level in IEEE 802.11be, while the grey curve represents the PER curve for the potential new MCS level.

[0035] Figure 4 An example scenario 400 according to the proposed solution of the present disclosure is shown. In scenario 400, the PER curves generated by the candidates for the new MCS level are plotted on a simulation graph together with the PER curves generated by the existing MCS level. The PER curves are simulated using the following specific settings: bandwidth = 80 MHz; channel = AWGN; coding = LDPC; channel estimation = ideal conditions; packet length = 1458 bytes; number of spatial streams = 1ss; and, configuration = 1T1R. Figure 4 As shown in Figure 1, by adding a new MCS level, the SNR gap between two adjacent MCS levels can be greatly reduced. Finer MCS levels can achieve more accurate and smoother rate adaptation. Figure 4 In FIG. 8 , the dark curve represents the PER curve for the existing MCS level in IEEE 802.11be, while the grey curve represents the PER curve for the potential new MCS level.

[0036] Figure 5 An example design 500 according to a proposed solution of the present disclosure is shown. The table of design 500 shows different modulation and coding rates for candidates of a new MCS level. Figure 5 , potential new MCS candidates, namely: MCS-a, MCS-b, MCS-c, MCS-d, MCS-e, MCS-f, MCS-g, MCS-h, MCS-i, MCS-j, MCS-k, MCS-l, MCS-m, MCS-n, MCS-o, MCS-p, MCS-q, MCS-r, MCS-s, MCS-t and MCS-u, can achieve an overall finer MCS definition for better and smoother rate adaptation. It is worth noting that MCS-i can also use 64QAM with R=1 / 2.

[0037] Under the proposed scheme according to this application, it is possible to Figure 5 A subset of new MCS levels is selected from the candidates for the new MCS levels shown in . For example, a subset of the selected new MCS levels can be selected from the candidate set to fine-tune and / or optimize the MCS level to balance performance and complexity. At the same spectral efficiency as MCS0, Figure 5The MCS-e in the table shown (using quadrature phase-shiftkeying (QPSK) with an effective coding rate (eR) of 1 / 4) can achieve about 1dB better performance. Therefore, MCS-e can be considered as an alternative MCS to MCS0. The figure below shows an example of the new finer MCS level that can fill the gap in sensitivity SNR.

[0038] Figure 6 An example scenario 600 according to the proposed scheme of the present disclosure is shown. Scenario 600 relates to an example of a new MCS for 80 MHz in Wi-Fi 8. In scenario 600, PER curves generated by candidates for the new MCS level are plotted on a simulation graph together with PER curves generated by existing MCS levels. The PER curves are simulated using the following specific settings: bandwidth = 80 MHz; channel = AWGN; coding = LDPC; channel estimation = ideal conditions; packet length = 1458 bytes; number of spatial streams = 1ss; and, configuration = 1T1R. In scenario 600, in order to balance complexity and performance, some MCS levels can be selected from the new set of MCS candidates as new MCS levels. It can be seen that although only a few new MCS levels are added, the SNR gap between two adjacent MCS levels is still significantly reduced. Figure 6 In FIG. 8 , the dark curve represents the PER curve for the existing MCS level in IEEE802.11be, while the grey curve represents the PER curve for the potential new MCS level.

[0039] Figure 7 An example scenario 700 according to the proposed scheme of the present disclosure is shown. Scenario 700 relates to an example of a new MCS for 20 MHz in Wi-Fi 8. In scenario 700, PER curves generated by candidates for the new MCS level are plotted on a simulation graph together with PER curves generated by existing MCS levels. The PER curves are simulated using the following specific settings: bandwidth = 20 MHz; channel = AWGN; coding = LDPC; channel estimation = ideal conditions; packet length = 1458 bytes; number of spatial streams = 1ss; and, configuration = 1T1R. In scenario 600, in order to balance complexity and performance, some MCS levels can be selected from the new set of MCS candidates as new MCS levels. It can be seen that although only a few new MCS levels are added, the SNR gap between two adjacent MCS levels is still significantly reduced. Figure 7 In the figure, the dark curve represents the PER curve of the existing MCS level in IEEE 802.11be, while the gray curve represents the PER curve of the potential new MCS level.

[0040] Figure 8 An example design 800 according to a proposed solution of the present disclosure is shown. The table of design 800 shows different modulation and coding rates for candidates of a new MCS level. Figure 8 , potential new MCS candidates for Wi-Fi 8 are highlighted in dark font.

[0041] Fig. 9 An example scenario 900 according to the proposed solution of the present disclosure is shown. Scenario 900 involves additional MCS levels and sensitivity SNR. Fig. 9 , by adding some new MCS levels to reduce the SNR gap between two adjacent MCS levels. It is worth noting that Fig. 9 In, for Figure 5 The new MCS levels MCS-a, MCS-c, MCS-d, MCS-g, MCS-j, MCS-m, MCS-n, MCS-p, MCS-r, MCS-t in the table shown, the respective values ​​of the x-axis of the proposed potential new MCS levels and the sensitivity SNR are -2.5, -1.5, -0.5, 2.5, 4.5, 7.5, 9.5, 11.5, 13.5. In addition, the corresponding values ​​of the existing MCS levels and the sensitivity SNR in IEEE802.11be are: -2 for MCS-14, -1 for MCS-15, 0 for MCS-0, 1 for MCS-1, ..., 13 for MCS-13.

[0042] Fig.10 An example scenario 1000 according to the proposed solution of the present disclosure is shown. The scenario 1000 involves additional MCS levels and spectrum efficiency. Fig.10 , by adding some new MCS levels to reduce the gap in spectrum efficiency between two adjacent MCS levels. It is worth noting that Fig.10 In, for Figure 5 The new MCS levels MCS-a, MCS-c, MCS-d, MCS-g, MCS-j, MCS-m, MCS-n, MCS-p, MCS-r, MCS-t in the table show that the corresponding values ​​of the x-axis of the proposed potential MCS levels and spectrum efficiency are -2.5, -1.5, -0.5, 2.5, 4.5, 7.5, 9.5, 11.5, 13.5. In addition, the corresponding values ​​of the existing MCS levels and spectrum efficiency in IEEE802.11be are: -2 for MCS-14, -1 for MCS-15, 0 for MCS-0, 1 for MCS-1, ..., 13 for MCS-13.

[0043] Illustrative Embodiments

[0044] Fig.11An example system 1100 having at least an example device 1110 and an example device 1120 according to implementations of the present disclosure is shown. Each of the device 1110 and the device 1120 can perform various functions to implement the schemes, techniques, processes and methods described herein related to the new MCS level of the next generation WLAN, including the various schemes described above for various proposed designs, concepts, schemes, systems and methods and the processes described below. For example, the device 1110 can be implemented in the STA 110, and the device 1120 can be implemented in the STA 120, and vice versa.

[0045] Each of the devices 1110 and 1120 may be part of an electronic device, which may be a non-AP STA or an AP STA, such as a portable or mobile device, a wearable device, a wireless communication device, or a computing device. When implemented in a STA, each of the devices 1110 and 1120 may be implemented in a smart phone, a smart watch, a personal digital assistant, a digital camera, or a computing device such as a tablet computer, a laptop computer, or a notebook computer. Each of the devices 1110 and 1120 may also be part of a machine type device, which may be an IoT device, such as a fixed or stationary device, a home device, a wired communication device, or a computing device. For example, each of the devices 1110 and 1120 may be implemented in a smart thermostat, a smart refrigerator, a smart door lock, a wireless speaker, or a home control center. When implemented in a network device or as a network device, the devices 1110 and / or 1120 may be implemented in a network node such as an AP in a WLAN.

[0046] In some implementations, each of the apparatus 1110 and the apparatus 1120 may be implemented in the form of one or more integrated-circuit (IC) chips, such as but not limited to one or more single-core processors, one or more multi-core processors, one or more reduced-instruction set computing (RISC) processors, or one or more complex-instruction-set-computing (CISC) processors. In the above various schemes, each of the apparatus 1110 and the apparatus 1120 may be implemented in or as a STA or an AP. Each of the apparatus 1110 and the apparatus 1120 may include Fig.11At least some of those components shown, for example, include processor 1112 and processor 1122, respectively. Each of device 1110 and device 1120 may also include one or more other components not related to the proposed solution of the present disclosure (e.g., internal power supply, display device and / or user interface device), and therefore, for simplicity and conciseness, such components of device 1110 and device 1120 are not shown in the figure. Fig.11 is not shown in the figure and is not described below.

[0047] In one aspect, each of processor 1112 and processor 1122 may be implemented in the form of one or more single-core processors, one or more multi-core processors, one or more RISC processors, or one or more CISC processors. That is, although the singular term "processor" is used herein to refer to processor 1112 and processor 1122, in accordance with the present disclosure, in some implementations, each of processor 1112 and processor 1122 may include multiple processors, while in other implementations, a single processor may be included. On the other hand, each of processor 1112 and processor 1122 may be implemented in the form of hardware (and optionally, firmware) having electronic components, including, for example, but not limited to, one or more transistors, one or more diodes, one or more capacitors, one or more resistors, one or more inductors, one or more memristors, and / or one or more varactors, which are configured and arranged to achieve specific purposes according to the present disclosure. In other words, in at least some implementations, each of processor 1112 and processor 1122 is a special-purpose machine specifically designed, configured, and arranged to perform specific tasks, including tasks related to new MCS levels for next generation WLANs according to various implementations of the present disclosure.

[0048] In some implementations, the device 1110 may also include a transceiver 1116 coupled to the processor 1112. The transceiver 1116 may include a transmitter capable of wirelessly transmitting data and a receiver capable of wirelessly receiving data. In some implementations, the device 1120 may also include a transceiver 1126 coupled to the processor 1122. The transceiver 1126 may include a transmitter capable of wirelessly transmitting data and a receiver capable of wirelessly receiving data. It is worth noting that although the transceiver 1116 and the transceiver 1126 are shown as being external to and separate from the processor 1112 and the processor 1122, respectively, in some implementations, the transceiver 1116 may be a component of the processor 1112 as a system on chip (SoC), and the transceiver 1126 may be a component of the processor 1122 as the SoC.

[0049] In some implementations, the device 1110 may also include a memory 1114 coupled to the processor 1112 and accessible by the processor 1112 and storing data therein. In some implementations, the device 1120 may also include a memory 1124 coupled to the processor 1122 and accessible by the processor 1122 and storing data therein. Each of the memory 1114 and the memory 1124 may include some type of random-access memory (RAM), such as dynamic RAM (DRAM), static RAM (SRAM), thyristor RAM (T-RAM) and / or zero-capacitor RAM (Z-RAM). Alternatively or additionally, each of the memory 1114 and the memory 1124 may include some type of read-only memory (ROM), such as mask ROM, programmable ROM (PROM), erasable programmable ROM (EPROM) and / or electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM). Alternatively or additionally, each of the memory 1114 and the memory 1124 may include some type of non-volatile random-access memory (NVRAM), such as flash memory, solid-state memory, ferroelectric RAM (FeRAM), magnetoresistive RAM (MRAM) and / or magnetoresistive RAM (MRAM) and / or phase change memory.

[0050] Each of the device 1110 and the device 1120 may be a communication entity capable of communicating with each other using various schemes proposed according to the present disclosure. For the purpose of illustration and not limitation, a description of the capabilities of the device 1110 as the STA 110 and the device 1120 as the STA 120 is provided below. It is worth noting that although a detailed description of the capabilities, functions and / or technical features of the device 1120 is provided below, a detailed description of the device 1110 is not provided separately for the sake of brevity, but the description of the device 1120 is obviously applicable to the device 1110. It is also worth noting that although the example implementation described below is provided in the context of a WLAN, it can also be implemented in other types of networks.

[0051] According to various proposed schemes related to new MCS levels for next-generation WLANs of the present disclosure, in a network environment 100, a device 1110 is implemented in or as a STA 110, and a device 1120 is implemented in or as a STA 120, and a processor 1112 of the device 1110 generates a signal using an MCS level from a plurality of MCS levels that are not defined in the IEEE 802.11be specification. In addition, the processor 1112 may perform wireless communication using the signal via a transceiver 1116. Each of a gap in sensitivity SNR and a gap in spectrum efficiency between two adjacent MCS levels from a combination of the plurality of MCS levels and a plurality of existing MCS levels that have been defined in the IEEE 802.11be specification is smaller than a corresponding one between two adjacent MCS levels from the plurality of existing MCS levels.

[0052] In some embodiments, the MCS level may include MCS-a using BPSK modulation, where the number of coded bits per subcarrier per spatial stream (N bpscs , a number of coded bits per subcarrier perspatial stream)=1, coding rate (coding rate, R)=1 / 2, number of tone repetitions (a number of timesof tone repetition)=6, effective coding rate (effective coding rate, eR)=1 / 12.

[0053] In some embodiments, the MCS level may include MCS-c using BPSK modulation, where N bpscs =1, R=1 / 2, tone repetition number=3, and, eR=1 / 6.

[0054] In some embodiments, the MCS level may include MCS-d using BPSK modulation, where N bpscs =1, R=2 / 3, number of tone repetitions=2, and, eR=1 / 3.

[0055] In some embodiments, the MCS level may include MCS-e using QPSK modulation, where N bpscs =2, R=1 / 2, tone repetition number=2, and, eR=1 / 4.

[0056] In some embodiments, the MCS level may include MCS-g using BPSK modulation, where N bpscs =1, R=3 / 4, tone repetition number=1, and, eR=3 / 4.

[0057] In some embodiments, the MCS level may include MCS-i using QPSK modulation, where N bpscs =2, R=5 / 6, tone repetition number=1, and, eR=5 / 6.

[0058] In some embodiments, the MCS level may include MCS-j using QPSK modulation, where N bpscs =2, R=7 / 8, tone repetition number=1, and, eR=7 / 8.

[0059] In some embodiments, the MCS level may include MCS-1 using 16-quadrature amplitude modulation (16QAM), where N bpscs =4, R=5 / 6, tone repetition number=1, and, eR=5 / 6.

[0060] In some embodiments, the MCS level may include MCS-m using 16-QAM, where N bpscs =4, R=7 / 8, tone repetition number=1, and, eR=7 / 8.

[0061] In some embodiments, the MCS level may include MCS-n using 256-quadrature amplitude modulation (256QAM), where N bpscs =8, R=2 / 3, tone repetition number=1, and, eR=2 / 3.

[0062] In some embodiments, the MCS level may include MCS-p using 256QAM, where N bpscs =8, R=7 / 8, tone repetition number=1, and, eR=7 / 8.

[0063] In some embodiments, the MCS level may include MCS-r using 1024-quadrature amplitude modulation (1024QAM), where N bpscs =10, R=7 / 8, tone repetition number=1, and, eR=7 / 8.

[0064] In some embodiments, the MCS level may include MCS-t using 4096-quadrature amplitude modulation (4096QAM), where N bpscs=12, R=7 / 8, tone repetition number=1, and, eR=7 / 8.

[0065] Example Process

[0066] Fig.12 An example process 1200 of an implementation according to the present disclosure is illustrated. Process 1200 may represent aspects of implementing the various proposed designs, concepts, schemes, systems, and methods described above. More particularly, process 1200 may represent aspects of the proposed concepts and schemes for new MCS levels for next generation WLANs according to the present disclosure. Process 1200 may include one or more operations, actions, or functions as shown in one or more of blocks 1210 and 1220. Although illustrated as discrete blocks, the various blocks of process 1200 may be divided into additional blocks, combined into fewer blocks, or eliminated, depending on the desired implementation. In addition, the blocks / sub-blocks of process 1200 may be in Fig.12 110 and 1120, or alternatively, in a different order. In addition, one or more blocks / sub-blocks of process 1200 may be repeatedly or iteratively performed. Process 1200 may be implemented by or in device 1110 and device 1120, and any variations thereof. For purposes of illustration only and not to limit the scope, process 1200 is described in the following context: in a network environment 120 according to one or more IEEE 802.11 standards, device 1110 is implemented in or as STA 110 used as a non-AP STA in a wireless network such as a WLAN, and device 1120 is implemented in or as STA 120 used as an AP STA. Process 1200 may start at block 1210.

[0067] At 1210 , process 1200 includes processor 1112 of device 1110 generating a signal using an MCS level from a plurality of MCS levels not defined in the IEEE 802.11be specification. Process 1200 may proceed from 1210 to 1220 .

[0068] At 1220, the process 1200 includes the processor 1112 performing wireless communication using the signal via the transceiver 1116. Each of a sensitivity SNR gap and a spectrum efficiency gap between two adjacent MCS levels from a combination of the plurality of MCS levels not defined in the IEEE 802.11be specification and a plurality of existing MCS levels defined in the IEEE 802.11be specification is smaller than a sensitivity SNR gap and a spectrum efficiency gap between two adjacent MCS levels from the plurality of existing MCS levels.

[0069] In some embodiments, the MCS level may include MCS-a using BPSK modulation, where N bpscs =1, R=1 / 2, tone repetition number=6, and, eR=1 / 12.

[0070] In some embodiments, the MCS level may include MCS-c using BPSK modulation, where N bpscs =1, R=1 / 2, tone repetition number=3, and, eR=1 / 6.

[0071] In some embodiments, the MCS level may include MCS-d using BPSK modulation, where N bpscs =1, R=2 / 3, number of tone repetitions=2, and, eR=1 / 3.

[0072] In some embodiments, the MCS level may include MCS-e using QPSK modulation, where N bpscs =2, R=1 / 2, number of tone repetitions=2, and, eR=1 / 4.

[0073] In some embodiments, the MCS level may include MCS-g using BPSK modulation, where N bpscs =1, R=3 / 4, tone repetition number=1, and, eR=3 / 4.

[0074] In some embodiments, the MCS level may include MCS-i using QPSK modulation, where N bpscs =2, R=5 / 6, tone repetition number=1, and, eR=5 / 6.

[0075] In some embodiments, the MCS level may include MCS-j using QPSK modulation, where N bpscs =2, R=7 / 8, tone repetition number=1, and, eR=7 / 8.

[0076] In some embodiments, the MCS level may include MCS-1 using 16-QAM, where N bpscs =4, R=5 / 6, tone repetition number=1, and, eR=5 / 6.

[0077] In some embodiments, the MCS level may include MCS-m using 16QAM, where N bpscs =4, R=7 / 8, tone repetition number=1, and, eR=7 / 8.

[0078] In some embodiments, the MCS level may include MCS-n using 256QAM, where N bpscs=8, R=2 / 3, tone repetition number=1, and, eR=2 / 3.

[0079] In some embodiments, the MCS level may include MCS-p using 256QAM, where N bpscs =8, R=7 / 8, tone repetition number=1, and, eR=7 / 8.

[0080] In some embodiments, the MCS level may include MCS-r using 1024QAM, where N bpscs =10, R=7 / 8, tone repetition number=1, and, eR=7 / 8.

[0081] In some embodiments, the MCS level may include MCS-t using 4096QAM, where N bpscs =12, R=7 / 8, tone repetition number=1, and, eR=7 / 8.

[0082] Additional Notes

[0083] The subject matter described herein sometimes shows different components contained in or connected to different other components.It should be understood that the described architecture is only an example, and in fact, it can be many other architectures that realize the same function.In the sense of conception, any structure of the components that realize the same function is effectively "associated" so that the desired function is realized.Therefore, any two components that are combined to realize a specific function herein can be regarded as "associated" with each other so that the desired function is realized, regardless of the architecture or intermediate components.Similarly, any two components so associated can also be regarded as "operably connected" or "operably coupled" to each other to realize the desired functionality, and any two components that can be so associated can also be regarded as "operably coupled" to each other to realize the desired functionality.The specific example of operable coupling includes but is not limited to physically matchable and / or physically interactive components and / or wirelessly interactive and / or wirelessly interactive components and / or logically interactive and / or logically interactive components.

[0084] In addition, with respect to the use of substantially any plural and / or singular terms herein, those skilled in the art may appropriately convert from the plural to the singular and / or from the singular to the plural, depending on the context and / or application. For clarity, various singular / plural arrangements may be explicitly set forth herein.

[0085] In addition, one of ordinary skill in the art will understand that, in general, the terms used herein, particularly in the appended claims, such as the bodies of the appended claims, are generally intended to be "open" terms, for example, the term "including" should be interpreted as "including but not limited to", the term "having" should be interpreted as "having at least", and the term "comprising" should be interpreted as "including but not limited to". One of ordinary skill in the art will further understand that if a specific number of introduced claim recitations is intended, such intent will be explicitly recited in the claim, and in the absence of such a recitation, no such intent is present. For example, to aid understanding, the following appended claims may contain the use of the introductory phrases "at least one" and "one or more" to introduce claim recitations. However, the use of such phrases should not be interpreted as implying that a claim recitation introduced by the indefinite article "a" or "an" will limit any particular claim containing such introduced claim recitations to implementations containing only one such recitation, even when the same claim includes the introductory phrases "one or more" or "at least one", and indefinite articles such as "a" or "an", for example, "a" and / or "an" should be interpreted as meaning "at least one" or "one or more"; the same applies to the use of explicit articles introducing claim recitations. In addition, even if a specific number of an introduced claim recitation is explicitly recited, a person of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that such a recitation should be interpreted as meaning at least the number recited, for example, a bare recitation of "two recitations" without other modifiers means at least two recitations, or two or more recitations. Again, in those cases, the convention is similar to "at least one of A, B, and C, etc." Generally, such constructions are used in the sense of the common usage understood by those skilled in the art, for example, "a system having at least one of A, B, and C" will include but is not limited to systems having A alone, B alone, C alone, A and B together, A and C together, B and C together, and / or A, B, and C together, etc. In those cases where the usage is similar to "at least one of A, B, or C". Generally, such constructions are intended to be used in the sense of the common usage understood by those skilled in the art, for example, "a system having at least one of A, B, or C" will include but is not limited to systems having A alone, B alone, C alone, A and B together, A and C together, B and C together, and / or A, B, and C together. Those skilled in the art will further understand that any disjunctive words and / or phrases that actually present two or more alternative terms, whether in the specification, claims, or drawings, should be understood to cover the possibility of including one of the terms, either of the terms, or both of the terms. For example, the phrase "A or B" will be understood to include the possibility of "A" or "B" or "A and B".

[0086] From the above, it will be appreciated that various embodiments of the present invention have been described herein for illustrative purposes, and various modifications may be made without departing from the scope and spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the various implementations disclosed herein are not intended to be limiting, and their true scope and spirit are indicated by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method comprising: A processor of the device generates a signal using a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) level among a plurality of MCS levels not defined in an Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11be specification; and The processor uses the signal to perform wireless communication; Wherein, each of the sensitivity signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) gap and the spectrum efficiency gap between two adjacent MCS levels from the combination of the multiple MCS levels and the multiple existing MCS levels defined in the IEEE 802.11be specification is smaller than the corresponding one between two adjacent MCS levels from the multiple existing MCS levels.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein: The MCS levels include MCS-a using binary phase shift keying (BPSK) modulation, where the number of coded bits per subcarrier per spatial stream (N bpscs )=1, coding rate (R)=1 / 2, number of tone repetitions=6, and effective coding rate (eR)=1 / 12.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein: The MCS levels include MCS-c using binary phase shift keying (BPSK) modulation, where the number of coded bits per subcarrier per spatial stream (N bpscs )=1, coding rate (R)=1 / 2, number of tone repetitions=3, and effective coding rate (eR)=1 / 6.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein: The MCS level includes MCS-d or MCS-e, where MCS-d uses binary phase shift keying (BPSK) modulation, and the number of coded bits per subcarrier per spatial stream (N bpscs )=1, coding rate (R)=2 / 3, number of tone repetitions=2, effective coding rate (eR)=1 / 3; and, MCS-e adopts quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) modulation, the number of coded bits per subcarrier per spatial stream (N bpscs )=2, coding rate (R)=1 / 2, number of tone repetitions=2, effective coding rate (eR)=1 / 4.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein: The MCS levels include MCS-g using binary phase shift keying (BPSK) modulation, where the number of coded bits per subcarrier per spatial stream (N bpscs )=1, coding rate (R)=3 / 4, number of tone repetitions=1, effective coding rate (eR)=3 / 4.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein: The MCS level includes MCS-j or MCS-i, where MCS-j uses quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) modulation, and the number of coded bits per subcarrier per spatial stream (N bpscs )=2, coding rate (R)=7 / 8, number of tone repetitions=1, effective coding rate (eR)=7 / 8; and, MCS-i adopts quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) modulation, the number of coded bits per subcarrier per spatial stream (N bpscs )=2, coding rate (R)=5 / 6, number of tone repetitions=1, effective coding rate (eR)=5 / 6.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein: The MCS level includes MCS-m or MCS-l, where MCS-m uses 16-order quadrature amplitude modulation (16QAM) and the number of coded bits per subcarrier per spatial stream (N bpscs )=4,coding rate (R)=7 / 8,tone repetition number=1,effective coding rate (eR)=7 / 8; and,MCS-1 adopts 16-order quadrature amplitude modulation (16QAM), the number of coded bits per subcarrier per spatial stream (N bpscs )=4, coding rate (R)=5 / 6, number of tone repetitions=1, effective coding rate (eR)=5 / 6.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein: The MCS levels include MCS-n using 256-QAM (quadrature amplitude modulation), where the number of coded bits per subcarrier per spatial stream (N bpscs )=8, coding rate (R)=2 / 3, number of tone repetitions=1, effective coding rate (eR)=2 / 3.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein: The MCS levels include MCS-p using 256-QAM (quadrature amplitude modulation), where the number of coded bits per subcarrier per spatial stream (N bpscs )=8, coding rate (R)=7 / 8, number of tone repetitions =1, effective coding rate (eR)=7 / 8.

10. The method of claim 1, wherein: The MCS levels include MCS-r using 1024-order quadrature amplitude modulation (1024QAM), where the number of coded bits per subcarrier per spatial stream (N bpscs )=10, coding rate (R)=7 / 8, number of tone repetitions=1, effective coding rate (eR)=7 / 8.

11. The method of claim 1, wherein: The MCS levels include MCS-t using 4096-order quadrature amplitude modulation (4096QAM), where the number of coded bits per subcarrier per spatial stream (N bpscs )=12, coding rate (R)=7 / 8, number of tone repetitions=1, effective coding rate (eR)=7 / 8.

12. An apparatus comprising: a transceiver configured to communicate wirelessly; as well as A processor is coupled to the transceiver and configured to perform the following operations: generating a signal using a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) level among a plurality of MCS levels not defined in an Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11be specification; and performing wireless communication using the signal via the transceiver; Wherein, each of the sensitivity signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) gap and the spectrum efficiency gap between two adjacent MCS levels from the combination of the multiple MCS levels and the multiple existing MCS levels defined in the IEEE 802.11be specification is smaller than the corresponding one between two adjacent MCS levels from the multiple existing MCS levels.

13. The device of claim 12, wherein: The MCS levels include MCS-a using binary phase shift keying (BPSK) modulation, where the number of coded bits per subcarrier per spatial stream (N bpscs )=1, coding rate (R)=1 / 2, number of tone repetitions=6, effective coding rate (eR)=1 / 12.

14. The device of claim 12, wherein: The MCS levels include MCS-c using binary phase shift keying (BPSK) modulation, where the number of coded bits per subcarrier per spatial stream (N bpscs )=1, coding rate (R)=1 / 2, number of tone repetitions=3, effective coding rate (eR)=1 / 6.

15. The device of claim 12, wherein: The MCS level includes MCS-d or MCS-e, where MCS-d uses binary phase shift keying (BPSK) modulation, and the number of coded bits per subcarrier per spatial stream (N bpscs )=1, coding rate (R)=2 / 3, number of tone repetitions=2, effective coding rate (eR)=1 / 3; and, MCS-e adopts quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) modulation, the number of coded bits per subcarrier per spatial stream (N bpscs )=2, coding rate (R)=1 / 2, number of tone repetitions=2, effective coding rate (eR)=1 / 4.

16. The device of claim 12, wherein: The MCS levels include MCS-g using binary phase shift keying (BPSK) modulation, where the number of coded bits per subcarrier per spatial stream (N bpscs )=1, coding rate (R)=3 / 4, number of tone repetitions=1, effective coding rate (eR)=3 / 4.

17. The device of claim 12, wherein: The MCS level includes MCS-j or MCS-i, where MCS-j uses quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) modulation, and the number of coded bits per subcarrier per spatial stream (N bpscs )=2, coding rate (R)=7 / 8, number of tone repetitions=1, effective coding rate (eR)=7 / 8; and, MCS-i adopts quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) modulation, the number of coded bits per subcarrier per spatial stream (N bpscs )=2, coding rate (R)=5 / 6, number of tone repetitions=1, effective coding rate (eR)=5 / 6.

18. The device of claim 12, wherein: The MCS level includes MCS-m or MCS-l, where MCS-m uses 16-order quadrature amplitude modulation (16QAM) and the number of coded bits per subcarrier per spatial stream (N bpscs )=4,coding rate (R)=7 / 8,tone repetition number=1,effective coding rate (eR)=7 / 8; and,MCS-1 adopts 16-order quadrature amplitude modulation (16QAM), the number of coded bits per subcarrier per spatial stream (N bpscs )=4, coding rate (R)=5 / 6, number of tone repetitions=1, effective coding rate (eR)=5 / 6.

19. The device of claim 12, wherein: The MCS levels include MCS-n using 256-QAM (quadrature amplitude modulation), where the number of coded bits per subcarrier per spatial stream (N bpscs )=8, coding rate (R)=2 / 3, number of tone repetitions=1, effective coding rate (eR)=2 / 3.

20. The device of claim 12, wherein: The MCS levels include MCS-p using 256-QAM (quadrature amplitude modulation), where the number of coded bits per subcarrier per spatial stream (N bpscs )=8, coding rate (R)=7 / 8, number of tone repetitions =1, effective coding rate (eR)=7 / 8.

21. The device of claim 12, wherein: The MCS levels include MCS-r using 1024-order quadrature amplitude modulation (1024QAM), where the number of coded bits per subcarrier per spatial stream (N bpscs )=10, coding rate (R)=7 / 8, number of tone repetitions=1, effective coding rate (eR)=7 / 8.

22. The device of claim 12, wherein: The MCS levels include MCS-t using 4096-order quadrature amplitude modulation (4096QAM), where the number of coded bits per subcarrier per spatial stream (N bpscs )=12, coding rate (R)=7 / 8, number of tone repetitions=1, effective coding rate (eR)=7 / 8.

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