Method for improving carbon sequestration potential of black land soil

Abstract

The invention provides a method for improving the carbon sequestration potential of black soil. The method for improving the carbon sequestration potential of the black land soil comprises the following steps that firstly, after crops are harvested, residual straw is smashed and returned to the field through a smashing machine; 2, the farmland is drained and dried for 3-6 months, a soil turning machine is used for turning soil in the field drying period, and the soil is turned once every 2-3 months on average. According to the method for improving the carbon sequestration potential of the black soil, the granular structure of the soil can be improved, the water holding capacity of the soil is enhanced, the nutrient content of the soil is increased by applying the organic fertilizer and the soil conditioner, the soil structure is improved, and the surface area of carbon sequestration of soil aggregates is increased; the soil conditioner can increase fertility, loosen soil, improve soil permeability, facilitate updating of crop root groups, improve carbon sequestration capability and potential of a soil surface layer, guarantee soil quality, remove heavy metals in soil, and have no pollution to the environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of carbon sequestration and sink enhancement, and in particular to a method for improving the carbon sequestration potential of black soil. Background Art

[0002] Black soil refers to high-quality arable land with a black or dark humus topsoil layer, good properties and high fertility. The formation of black soil is inseparable from climate and geological conditions. It requires mild and humid summers, cold and dry winters, and geological conditions such as poor ground drainage to form stagnant water in the upper layer.

[0003] Soil carbon sequestration refers to the complex response of plants, animals and microorganisms in the soil environment, which converts carbon dioxide gas into organic form and fixes it in the soil. In other words, soil is an important medium for the inflow and sustainable cycle of carbon in the atmosphere. However, the strength of the soil's carbon sequestration capacity and the type of organic matter it fixes are very dependent on the composition and changes of substances in the soil. The formation of the soil environment is attributed to physical, chemical and biological effects, and the movement and transformation of substances will directly affect this process.

[0004] The increase in global greenhouse gases has increased the pressure on countries to reduce emissions. More and more studies have found that vegetation and soil have a good carbon sequestration capacity, that is, capturing carbon and safely storing it instead of directly emitting carbon into the atmosphere. This carbon sequestration plays a vital role in maintaining the balance of the natural environment. Carbon sequestration is a natural carbon sequestration process. Compared with artificial carbon sequestration, it does not require gas treatment and has lower costs. However, the carbon sequestration capacity of the soil itself is limited. How to further enhance the carbon sequestration capacity of the soil is the main problem to be solved at present.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a method to enhance the carbon sequestration potential of black soil and solve the above technical problems. Summary of the invention

[0006] The present invention provides a method for improving the carbon sequestration potential of black soil, which solves the problems in the background technology.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the method for improving the carbon sequestration potential of black soil provided by the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0008] Step 1: After the crops are harvested, the remaining straw is crushed and returned to the field using a crusher;

[0009] Step 2: Drain the farmland and dry it for 3-6 months. During the drying period, use a tiller to turn the soil, turning the soil every 2-3 months on average.

[0010] Step 3: Deeply plow the soil, clean up the large rocks and debris in the soil, level the land, and adjust the soil moisture to keep the soil moisture content at 20-35%;

[0011] Step 4: Prepare biochar, spread the biochar on the soil surface to obtain a biochar cover layer with a thickness of 1-1.5 cm, then plow the surface soil to mix the surface soil and the biochar cover layer, and then apply organic fertilizer;

[0012] Step 5: Apply soil conditioner. After the soil conditioner is applied, cover the surface of the black soil with plastic film or hay.

[0013] Preferably, the step three of deep tillage of the soil also includes: adding heavy metal adsorption materials into the deep trenches, then filling and burying the deep trenches, and after a while, turning over the fields to remove the heavy metal adsorption materials.

[0014] Preferably, the step three of adjusting soil moisture specifically comprises: mixing the selenium-rich nutrient solution and clean water in a mixer at a mass-to-volume ratio of 1:50 to obtain a selenium-rich composite solution, and spraying the solution on the black soil for irrigation.

[0015] Preferably, the frequency of sprinkling the selenium-rich composite solution is once every 10-20 days.

[0016] Preferably, the biochar is processed by a ball mill and has a particle size less than or equal to 280 nm.

[0017] Preferably, the organic fertilizer comprises the following weight groups: 30-55 parts of animal manure, 10-15 parts of lime, 15-20 parts of plant ash, and 1-2 parts of microorganisms.

[0018] Preferably, the animal manure includes one or more of cow manure, sheep manure, pig manure, chicken manure and duck manure.

[0019] Preferably, the preferred type of soil conditioner in step 5 is microorganisms.

[0020] Preferably, the microorganisms in the soil conditioner include yeast, actinomycetes, photosynthetic bacteria, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, and phosphate- and potassium-solubilizing bacteria.

[0021] Preferably, the application amount of organic fertilizer in step 4 is 80-120 kg per mu, and the application amount of soil conditioner in step 5 is 60-100 kg per mu.

[0022] Compared with the related art, the method for improving the carbon sequestration potential of black soil provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] The present invention provides a method for improving the carbon fixation potential of black soil. The present invention can improve the soil aggregate structure and enhance the soil water holding capacity. By applying organic fertilizers and soil conditioners, the soil nutrient content is increased, the soil structure is improved, the surface area of ​​soil aggregate carbon fixation is increased, the fertility is increased, the soil is loosened, the soil permeability is improved, and the renewal of crop root groups is facilitated. The carbon fixation capacity and potential of the soil surface are improved, the soil quality is guaranteed, and heavy metals in the soil can be removed without pollution to the environment. The removal efficiency of heavy metals in the soil can be effectively improved while fixing carbon. In addition, through the supply of selenium-enriched nutrient solution, sufficient selenium can be provided to the crops during their growth, thereby improving the nutritional value of the crops. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the steps of a preferred embodiment of the method for improving the carbon sequestration potential of black soil provided by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and implementation modes.

[0026] Please refer to Figure 1 ,in, Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the steps of a preferred embodiment of the method for improving the carbon sequestration potential of black soil provided by the present invention.

[0027] Example 1, a method for improving the carbon sequestration potential of black soil comprises the following steps:

[0028] Step 1: After the crops are harvested, the remaining straw is crushed and returned to the field using a crusher;

[0029] Step 2: Drain the farmland and dry it for 6 months. During the drying period, use a tiller to turn the soil, turning the soil once every 2 months on average.

[0030] Step 3: Deeply plow the soil, clean up the large rocks and debris in the soil and level the land, mix the selenium-rich nutrient solution with clean water in a mixer at a mass volume ratio of 1:50 to obtain a selenium-rich composite solution, spray and irrigate the black soil to keep the soil moisture content at 35%, add heavy metal adsorption materials into the deep trench, and then fill and bury it. After a while, plow the field to remove the heavy metal adsorption materials;

[0031] Step 4: Prepare biochar, spread the biochar on the soil surface to obtain a biochar cover layer with a thickness of 1.5 cm, then plow the surface soil to mix the surface soil and the biochar cover layer, and then apply organic fertilizer;

[0032] Step 5: Apply soil conditioner. After the soil conditioner is applied, cover the surface of the black soil with plastic film or hay.

[0033] The frequency of sprinkling the selenium-rich composite solution is once every 10 days.

[0034] The biochar is processed by a ball mill, and the particle size is less than or equal to 280 nm.

[0035] The organic fertilizer comprises the following weight groups: 30-55 parts of animal manure, 10-15 parts of lime, 15-20 parts of plant ash, and 1-2 parts of microorganisms.

[0036] The animal excrement includes one or more of cow excrement, sheep excrement, pig excrement, chicken excrement and duck excrement.

[0037] The preferred type of soil conditioner in step 5 is microorganisms.

[0038] The microorganisms in the soil conditioner include yeast, actinomycetes, photosynthetic bacteria, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, and phosphate- and potassium-solubilizing bacteria.

[0039] The amount of organic fertilizer applied in step 4 is 120 kg per mu, and the amount of soil conditioner applied in step 5 is 100 kg per mu.

[0040] Example 2, a method for improving the carbon sequestration potential of black soil comprises the following steps:

[0041] Step 1: After the crops are harvested, the remaining straw is crushed and returned to the field using a crusher;

[0042] Step 2: Drain the farmland and dry it for 6 months. During the drying period, use a tiller to turn the soil, turning the soil once every 3 months on average.

[0043] Step 3: Deeply plow the soil, clean up the large rocks and debris in the soil and level the land, mix the selenium-rich nutrient solution with clean water in a mixer at a mass volume ratio of 1:50 to obtain a selenium-rich composite solution, spray and irrigate the black soil to keep the soil moisture content at 27%, add heavy metal adsorption materials into the deep trenches, and then fill and bury them. After a while, plow the fields to remove the heavy metal adsorption materials;

[0044] Step 4: Prepare biochar, spread the biochar on the soil surface to obtain a biochar cover layer with a thickness of 1.2 cm, then plow the surface soil to mix the surface soil and the biochar cover layer, and then apply organic fertilizer;

[0045] Step 5: Apply soil conditioner. After the soil conditioner is applied, cover the surface of the black soil with plastic film or hay.

[0046] The frequency of sprinkling the selenium-rich composite solution is once every 15 days.

[0047] The biochar is processed by a ball mill, and the particle size is less than or equal to 280 nm.

[0048] The organic fertilizer comprises the following weight groups: 30-55 parts of animal manure, 10-15 parts of lime, 15-20 parts of plant ash, and 1-2 parts of microorganisms.

[0049] The animal excrement includes one or more of cow excrement, sheep excrement, pig excrement, chicken excrement and duck excrement.

[0050] The preferred type of soil conditioner in step 5 is microorganisms.

[0051] The microorganisms in the soil conditioner include yeast, actinomycetes, photosynthetic bacteria, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, and phosphate- and potassium-solubilizing bacteria.

[0052] The amount of organic fertilizer applied in step 4 is 100 kg per mu, and the amount of soil conditioner applied in step 5 is 80 kg per mu.

[0053] Example 3, a method for improving the carbon sequestration potential of black soil comprises the following steps:

[0054] Step 1: After the crops are harvested, the remaining straw is crushed and returned to the field using a crusher;

[0055] Step 2: Drain the farmland and dry it for 3 months. During the drying period, use a tiller to turn the soil, turning the soil once every 3 months on average.

[0056] Step 3: Deeply plow the soil, clean up the large rocks and debris in the soil and level the land, mix the selenium-rich nutrient solution with clean water in a mixer at a mass volume ratio of 1:50 to obtain a selenium-rich composite solution, spray and irrigate the black soil to keep the soil moisture content at 20%, add heavy metal adsorption materials into the deep trenches, and then fill and bury them. After a while, plow the fields to remove the heavy metal adsorption materials;

[0057] Step 4: Prepare biochar, spread the biochar on the soil surface to obtain a biochar cover layer with a thickness of 1-1.5 cm, then plow the surface soil to mix the surface soil and the biochar cover layer, and then apply organic fertilizer;

[0058] Step 5: Apply soil conditioner. After the soil conditioner is applied, cover the surface of the black soil with plastic film or hay.

[0059] The frequency of sprinkling the selenium-rich composite solution is once every 20 days.

[0060] The biochar is processed by a ball mill, and the particle size is less than or equal to 280 nm.

[0061] The organic fertilizer comprises the following weight groups: 30-55 parts of animal manure, 10-15 parts of lime, 15-20 parts of plant ash, and 1-2 parts of microorganisms.

[0062] The animal excrement includes one or more of cow excrement, sheep excrement, pig excrement, chicken excrement and duck excrement.

[0063] The preferred type of soil conditioner in step 5 is microorganisms.

[0064] The microorganisms in the soil conditioner include yeast, actinomycetes, photosynthetic bacteria, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, and phosphate- and potassium-solubilizing bacteria.

[0065] The amount of organic fertilizer applied in step 4 is 80 kg per mu, and the amount of soil conditioner applied in step 5 is 60 kg per mu.

[0066] The working principle of the method for improving the carbon sequestration potential of black soil provided by the present invention is as follows:

[0067] After the crops are harvested, the remaining straw is crushed and returned to the field using a crusher; the farmland is then drained and dried for 3-6 months, during which time a tiller is used to turn the soil, on average once every 2-3 months; the soil is then deep-plowed, large rocks and debris in the soil are cleaned and the land is leveled, and the soil moisture is adjusted to keep the soil moisture content at 20-35%; biochar is prepared and spread on the soil surface to obtain a biochar cover layer with a thickness of 1-1.5 cm, and then the surface soil is turned over to mix the surface soil with the biochar cover layer, and then organic fertilizer is applied; finally, soil conditioner is applied, and after the soil conditioner is applied, plastic film or hay is attached to the surface of the black soil.

[0068] Compared with the related art, the method for improving the carbon sequestration potential of black soil provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0069] The present invention can improve the soil aggregate structure and enhance the soil water holding capacity, and by applying organic fertilizers and soil conditioners, the soil nutrient content is increased, so that the soil structure is improved, the surface area of ​​soil aggregate carbon fixation is increased, the fertility is increased, the soil is loosened, the soil permeability is improved, and the renewal of crop root groups is facilitated, the carbon fixation capacity and potential of the soil surface are improved, the soil quality is guaranteed, and the heavy metals in the soil can be removed without pollution to the environment. While fixing carbon, the removal efficiency of heavy metals in the soil can be effectively improved, and through the supply of selenium-enriched nutrient solution, sufficient selenium can be provided to the crops during their growth, thereby improving the nutritional value of the crops.

[0070] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for improving the carbon sequestration potential of black soil, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: After the crops are harvested, the remaining straw is crushed and returned to the field using a crusher; Step 2: Drain the farmland and dry it for 3-6 months. During the drying period, use a tiller to turn the soil, turning the soil every 2-3 months on average. Step 3: Deeply plow the soil, clean up the large rocks and debris in the soil, level the land, and adjust the soil moisture to keep the soil moisture content at 20-35%; Step 4: Prepare biochar, spread the biochar on the soil surface to obtain a biochar cover layer with a thickness of 1-1.5 cm, then plow the surface soil to mix the surface soil and the biochar cover layer, and then apply organic fertilizer; Step 5: Apply soil conditioner. After the soil conditioner is applied, cover the surface of the black soil with plastic film or hay.

2. The method for improving the carbon sequestration potential of black soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step three of deep tillage of the soil also includes: adding heavy metal adsorption materials into the deep trenches, then filling and burying the deep trenches, and after a while, turning over the fields to remove the heavy metal adsorption materials.

3. The method for improving the carbon sequestration potential of black soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step three of adjusting soil moisture specifically includes: mixing the selenium-rich nutrient solution and clean water in a mixer at a mass-to-volume ratio of 1:50 to obtain a selenium-rich composite solution, and spraying the solution on the black soil for irrigation.

4. The method for improving the carbon sequestration potential of black soil according to claim 3, characterized in that: The frequency of sprinkling the selenium-rich composite solution is once every 10-20 days.

5. The method for improving the carbon sequestration potential of black soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The biochar is processed by a ball mill, and the particle size is less than or equal to 280 nm.

6. The method for improving the carbon sequestration potential of black soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The organic fertilizer comprises the following weight groups: 30-55 parts of animal manure, 10-15 parts of lime, 15-20 parts of plant ash, and 1-2 parts of microorganisms.

7. The method for improving the carbon sequestration potential of black soil according to claim 6, characterized in that: The animal excrement includes one or more of cow excrement, sheep excrement, pig excrement, chicken excrement and duck excrement.

8. The method for improving the carbon sequestration potential of black soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preferred type of soil conditioner in step 5 is microorganisms.

9. The method for improving the carbon sequestration potential of black soil according to claim 8, characterized in that: The microorganisms in the soil conditioner include yeast, actinomycetes, photosynthetic bacteria, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, and phosphate- and potassium-solubilizing bacteria.

10. The method for improving the carbon sequestration potential of black soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The application amount of organic fertilizer in step 4 is 80-120 kg per mu, and the application amount of soil conditioner in step 5 is 60-100 kg per mu.

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