Novel hybrid rice breeding method

Abstract

The invention discloses a novel hybrid rice breeding method which comprises the following steps: S1, determining target characters, collecting target related information, and collecting environment information of a planting region. According to the method, an early-generation breeding intermediate material with stable hybridization advantages, namely Yiyuanzhi rice 001, can be obtained, then the early-generation breeding intermediate material can be used as a female parent and hybridized with other high-quality disease-resistant materials, breeding for fixing the hybridization advantages through wide early-generation stability is achieved, and the method has the advantages that the breeding period of the hybrid rice is short, the bred variety is high in quality and yield, and the breeding cost is low. The method can be matched with three-line matching to carry out three-line breeding work, so that the high quality of hybrid rice breeding can be improved, the yield of rice planting can be improved, the defects of a traditional breeding method are overcome, the early generation stability phenomenon of agronomic traits is ensured, and the high quality and speed of breeding are ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of agricultural biotechnology, and in particular to a novel hybrid rice breeding method. Background Art

[0002] Hybrid rice refers to the first generation of hybrid rice produced by hybridizing two rice varieties that have certain genetic differences and at the same time complement each other's excellent traits.

[0003] With the development of society, the labor force in rural areas is in serious shortage, which leads to the gradual decline of rice production. In order to ensure the development of the times, large-scale rice planting has become a trend. However, how to breed higher-quality impurity rice is also particularly important, and the traditional breeding methods are no longer suitable for the current situation. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a novel hybrid rice breeding method to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a novel hybrid rice breeding method, comprising the following contents:

[0006] S1: Identify target traits, collect target-related information, and collect environmental information of the planting area;

[0007] S2: Select parental standards and perform parental breeding;

[0008] S3: parent growth;

[0009] S4: Make female parents to match the "three lines", carry out three-line breeding, and use distant hybridization between indica and japonica rice subspecies;

[0010] S5: Screening of hybrid offspring and hybridization matching;

[0011] S6: and adopts artificial emasculation and artificial pollination;

[0012] S7: Produce breeding technology and carry out breeding work;

[0013] S8: Harvest hybrid seeds, screen the seeds, and carry out breeding work again.

[0014] Preferably, the step S1 includes the following contents:

[0015] S11: Before breeding hybrid rice, clarify the shape of the target rice;

[0016] S12: Collect all basic information related to rice breeding;

[0017] S13: Collect and organize information on various factors such as climate, soil, wind speed, precipitation, and pests and diseases in rice-growing areas.

[0018] Preferably, step S2 includes the following contents:

[0019] S21: For all rice varieties, select rice varieties with compact plant shape, strong ability to separate herbs, large panicles and many grains, as well as high yield, high quality, disease resistance, and wide adaptability, and use rice varieties with these characteristics as basic parents;

[0020] S22: Determine the method of maintaining parental purity, mainly using inbreeding and selfing to ensure genetic consistency;

[0021] S23: Then parents are selected and parent breeding is carried out to obtain sufficient seeds and provide a reliable seed source for subsequent hybridization work.

[0022] Preferably, step S3 includes the following contents:

[0023] S31: collecting and recording information of the selected seeds, and then planting the parent seeds in the selected planting area to grow the parent seeds;

[0024] S32: Regularly record work during the growing period, and carry out reasonable fertilization, irrigation, and pest control work, and record information on these works;

[0025] S33: Carry out reasonable analysis and retention work in a timely manner for the information collected at a regular period, so as to provide reference data for subsequent work.

[0026] Preferably, step S4 includes the following contents:

[0027] S41: During the rice cultivation and growth period, the production of female parent and "three-line" matching work, where the three lines include sterile line, maintenance line and restoration line;

[0028] S42: The sterile line is obtained through distant hybridization and backcrossing, and specific cytoplasm is introduced into cultivated rice to cultivate cytoplasmic male sterile lines;

[0029] S43: Provide pollen by maintaining the sterile line, and then collect and record information based on the pollinated rice;

[0030] S44: In addition, by using distant hybridization between indica and japonica rice subspecies, an early-generation stable hybrid advantage breeding intermediate material, Yi Zaowendao 001, was obtained. Then, Yi Zaowendao 001 was used as the mother parent to hybridize with other high-quality disease-resistant materials, and timely information collection and recording work was carried out for this hybridization.

[0031] Preferably, step S5 includes the following contents:

[0032] S51: Firstly, select good sterile lines and restorer lines, and eliminate bad sterile lines and restorer lines;

[0033] S52: Then the selected good sterile lines and recovery lines are hybridized and matched. There are two ways of matching, one is random matching and the other is designated matching.

[0034] Preferably, step S6 includes the following contents:

[0035] S61: During the flowering period of the parent rice, the stamens are removed manually using a tool such as hand-held scissors, thereby leaving only the pistils of the parent rice;

[0036] S62: then artificial pollination is performed as a preparation, and pollen of another selected parent rice is sprinkled on the pistil of the emasculated parent rice;

[0037] S63: The entire process of artificial emasculation and artificial pollination should be recorded in a timely manner.

[0038] Preferably, step S7 includes the following contents:

[0039] S71: Ensure the use of three-line or two-line breeding to produce breeding technology;

[0040] S72: And when carrying out breeding work, attention should be paid to the synchronization of the sowing period and the heading and flowering period.

[0041] Preferably, step S8 includes the following contents:

[0042] S81: After the parent rice is planted and grown to maturity, the hybrid rice seeds are harvested in time;

[0043] S82: Screening the harvested hybrid rice seeds, removing impurities and unqualified seeds, and breeding and planting the screened hybrid seeds again, so as to breed better quality hybrid rice seeds;

[0044] S83: When screening seeds, timely record information, analyze the information collected above, and record and analyze the selected high-quality hybrid rice seeds during the replanting period.

[0045] Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the invention can obtain an early-generation stable hybrid advantage breeding intermediate material, namely Yizaowendao 001, by using the method of distant hybridization between indica and japonica rice subspecies; and then Yizaowendao 001 can be used as a female parent and hybridized with other high-quality disease-resistant materials, thereby realizing relatively extensive early-generation stable breeding to fix hybrid advantages; the method has the advantages of a short hybrid rice breeding cycle, high-quality and high-yield varieties, and can be matched with the "three-line" system to carry out three-line breeding work, thereby improving the high quality of hybrid rice breeding and the yield of rice planting, and solving the insufficiency of traditional breeding methods, thereby ensuring the early-generation stability of agronomic traits and ensuring the high quality and speed of breeding. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0046] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the process of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0048] See also Figure 1 The present invention provides a technical solution: a novel hybrid rice breeding method, comprising the following contents:

[0049] S1: Identify target traits, collect target-related information, and collect environmental information of the planting area;

[0050] S2: Select parental standards and perform parental breeding;

[0051] S3: parent growth;

[0052] S4: Make female parents to match the "three lines", carry out three-line breeding, and use distant hybridization between indica and japonica rice subspecies;

[0053] S5: Screening of hybrid offspring and hybridization matching;

[0054] S6: and adopts artificial emasculation and artificial pollination;

[0055] S7: Produce breeding technology and carry out breeding work;

[0056] S8: Harvest hybrid seeds, screen the seeds, and carry out breeding work again.

[0057] Wherein, the step S1 includes the following contents:

[0058] S11: Before breeding hybrid rice, clarify the shape of the target rice;

[0059] S12: Collect all basic information related to rice breeding;

[0060] S13: Collect and organize information on various factors such as climate, soil, wind speed, precipitation, and pests and diseases in rice-growing areas.

[0061] Wherein, the step S2 includes the following contents:

[0062] S21: For all rice varieties, select rice varieties with compact plant shape, strong ability to separate herbs, large panicles and many grains, as well as high yield, high quality, disease resistance, and wide adaptability, and use rice varieties with these characteristics as basic parents;

[0063] S22: Determine the method of maintaining parental purity, mainly using inbreeding and selfing to ensure genetic consistency;

[0064] S23: Then parents are selected and parent breeding is carried out to obtain sufficient seeds and provide a reliable seed source for subsequent hybridization work.

[0065] Wherein, the step S3 includes the following contents:

[0066] S31: collecting and recording information of the selected seeds, and then planting the parent seeds in the selected planting area to grow the parent seeds;

[0067] S32: Regularly record work during the growing period, and carry out reasonable fertilization, irrigation, and pest control work, and record information on these works;

[0068] S33: Carry out reasonable analysis and retention work in a timely manner for the information collected at a regular period, so as to provide reference data for subsequent work.

[0069] Wherein, the step S4 includes the following contents:

[0070] S41: During the rice cultivation and growth period, the production of female parent and "three-line" matching work, where the three lines include sterile line, maintenance line and restoration line;

[0071] S42: The sterile line is obtained through distant hybridization and backcrossing, and specific cytoplasm is introduced into cultivated rice to cultivate cytoplasmic male sterile lines;

[0072] S43: Provide pollen by maintaining the sterile line, and then collect and record information based on the pollinated rice;

[0073] S44: In addition, by using distant hybridization between indica and japonica rice subspecies, an early-generation stable hybrid advantage breeding intermediate material, Yi Zaowendao 001, was obtained. Then, Yi Zaowendao 001 was used as the mother parent to hybridize with other high-quality disease-resistant materials, and timely information collection and recording work was carried out for this hybridization.

[0074] Wherein, the step S5 includes the following contents:

[0075] S51: Firstly, select good sterile lines and restorer lines, and eliminate bad sterile lines and restorer lines;

[0076] S52: Then the selected good sterile lines and recovery lines are hybridized and matched. There are two ways of matching, one is random matching and the other is designated matching.

[0077] Wherein, the step S6 includes the following contents:

[0078] S61: During the flowering period of the parent rice, the stamens are removed manually using a tool such as hand-held scissors, thereby leaving only the pistils of the parent rice;

[0079] S62: then artificial pollination is performed as a preparation, and pollen of another selected parent rice is sprinkled on the pistil of the emasculated parent rice;

[0080] S63: The entire process of artificial emasculation and artificial pollination should be recorded in a timely manner.

[0081] Wherein, the step S7 includes the following contents:

[0082] S71: Ensure the use of three-line or two-line breeding to produce breeding technology;

[0083] S72: And when carrying out breeding work, attention should be paid to the synchronization of the sowing period and the heading and flowering period.

[0084] Wherein, S81: after the parent rice is planted and grown to maturity, the hybrid rice seeds are harvested in time;

[0085] S82: Screening the harvested hybrid rice seeds, removing impurities and unqualified seeds, and breeding and planting the screened hybrid seeds again, so as to breed better quality hybrid rice seeds;

[0086] S83: When screening seeds, timely record information, analyze the information collected above, and record and analyze the selected high-quality hybrid rice seeds during the replanting period.

[0087] Specifically, when using the present invention, before breeding hybrid rice, the shape of the target rice is clarified, and all basic information related to the breeding of rice is collected, and information on various factors such as climate, soil, wind force, precipitation, and pests and diseases in the rice-growing area is collected and sorted. For all rice, rice varieties with compact plant shape, strong ability to separate medicines, large panicles and many grains, as well as high yield, high quality, disease resistance, and wide adaptability are selected, and the rice with these traits is used as the basic parent. The method of maintaining the purity of the parents is determined, and the methods of inbreeding and selfing are mainly used to ensure genetic consistency. Then the parents are selected and the parent breeding work is carried out to obtain sufficient seeds and provide a reliable seed source for subsequent hybridization work. The information of the selected seeds is collected and recorded, and then the parent seeds are planted in the selected planting area for parent growth. Records are made regularly during the growth period, and reasonable fertilization, irrigation, and pest and disease control work are carried out. Information on these works is recorded, and reasonable analysis and retention work is carried out in a timely manner for the information collected at regular intervals to provide reference data for subsequent work. During the rice cultivation and growth period, the mother parent and the "three-line" matching work are manufactured. The three lines include the sterile line, the maintenance line, and the recovery line. The sterile line is obtained through methods such as distant hybridization and backcrossing. The specific cytoplasm is introduced into the cultivated rice to cultivate the cytoplasmic male sterile line, and the pollen is provided by the maintenance line to the sterile line. Then, information is collected based on the pollinated rice. In addition, an early-generation stable hybrid advantage breeding intermediate material, Yi Zaowendao 001, was obtained by distant hybridization between indica and japonica rice subspecies. Then, Yi Zaowendao 001 was used as the female parent for hybridization with other high-quality disease-resistant materials. Timely information collection and record keeping work was carried out for this hybridization. First, good sterile lines and restorer lines were selected, and bad sterile lines and restorer lines were eliminated. Then, the selected sterile lines and restorer lines were hybridized and matched. There are two ways of matching, one is random matching and the other is designated matching. During the flowering period of the parent rice, the stamens are removed by hand-held scissors and other tools, so that only the pistils of the parent rice are left. Then, artificial pollination is carried out in preparation, and the selected lines are put into the breeding site. The pollen of another parent rice is sprinkled on the pistil of the emasculated parent rice. The whole process of artificial emasculation and artificial pollination is recorded in time to ensure the supporting use of three-line or two-line reproduction to produce breeding technology. In addition, when carrying out breeding work, attention should be paid to the synchronization of the sowing period and the heading and flowering period of reproduction. After the planting, growth and maturity of the parent rice are completed, the hybrid rice seeds are harvested in time, the harvested hybrid rice seeds are screened, and impurities and unqualified seeds are screened out. The screened hybrid seeds are bred and planted again to select better quality hybrid rice seeds. When screening seeds, information is recorded in time, and information analysis is carried out on the information collected above.At the same time, records and analysis are conducted on the period of replanting of the selected high-quality hybrid rice seeds.

[0088] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A novel hybrid rice breeding method, characterized in that: Includes the following: S1: Identify target traits, collect target-related information, and collect environmental information of the planting area; S2: Select parental standards and perform parental breeding; S3: parent growth; S4: Make female parents and "three-line" matching, carry out three-line breeding, and use distant hybridization between indica and japonica rice subspecies; S5: Screening of hybrid offspring and hybridization matching; S6: and adopts artificial emasculation and artificial pollination; S7: Produce breeding technology and carry out breeding work; S8: Harvest hybrid seeds, screen the seeds, and carry out breeding work again.

2. A novel hybrid rice breeding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S1 includes the following contents: S11: Before breeding hybrid rice, clarify the shape of the target rice; S12: Collect all basic information related to rice breeding; S13: Collect and organize information on various factors such as climate, soil, wind speed, precipitation, and pests and diseases in rice-growing areas.

3. The novel hybrid rice breeding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S2 includes the following contents: S21: For all rice varieties, select rice varieties with compact plant shape, strong ability to separate herbs, large panicles and many grains, as well as high yield, high quality, disease resistance, and wide adaptability, and use rice varieties with these characteristics as basic parents; S22: Determine the method of maintaining parental purity, mainly using inbreeding and selfing to ensure genetic consistency; S23: Then parents are selected and parent breeding is carried out to obtain sufficient seeds and provide a reliable seed source for subsequent hybridization work.

4. A novel hybrid rice breeding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S3 includes the following contents: S31: collecting and recording information of the selected seeds, and then planting the parent seeds in the selected planting area to grow the parent seeds; S32: Regularly record work during the growing period, and carry out reasonable fertilization, irrigation, and pest control work, and record information on these works; S33: Carry out reasonable analysis and retention work in a timely manner for the information collected at a regular period, so as to provide reference data for subsequent work.

5. A novel hybrid rice breeding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S4 includes the following contents: S41: During the rice cultivation and growth period, the production of female parent and "three-line" matching work, where the three lines include sterile line, maintenance line and restorer line; S42: The sterile line is obtained through distant hybridization and backcrossing, and specific cytoplasm is introduced into cultivated rice to cultivate cytoplasmic male sterile lines; S43: Provide pollen by maintaining the sterile line, and then collect and record information based on the pollinated rice; S44: In addition, by using distant hybridization between indica and japonica rice subspecies, an early-generation stable hybrid advantage breeding intermediate material, Yi Zaowendao 001, was obtained. Then, Yi Zaowendao 001 was used as the mother parent to hybridize with other high-quality disease-resistant materials, and timely information collection and recording work was carried out for this hybridization.

6. A novel hybrid rice breeding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S5 includes the following contents: S51: Firstly, select good sterile lines and restorer lines, and eliminate bad sterile lines and restorer lines; S52: Then the selected good sterile lines and recovery lines are hybridized and matched. There are two ways of matching, one is random matching and the other is designated matching.

7. A novel hybrid rice breeding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S6 includes the following contents: S61: During the flowering period of the parent rice, the stamens are removed manually using a tool such as hand-held scissors, thereby leaving only the pistils of the parent rice; S62: then artificial pollination is performed as a preparation, and pollen of another selected parent rice is sprinkled on the pistil of the emasculated parent rice; S63: The entire process of artificial emasculation and artificial pollination should be recorded in a timely manner.

8. A novel hybrid rice breeding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S7 includes the following contents: S71: Ensure the use of three-line or two-line breeding to produce breeding technology; S72: And when carrying out breeding work, attention should be paid to the synchronization of the sowing period and the heading and flowering period.

9. A novel hybrid rice breeding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S8 includes the following contents: S81: After the parent rice is planted and grown to maturity, the hybrid rice seeds are harvested in time; S82: Screening the harvested hybrid rice seeds, removing impurities and unqualified seeds, and breeding and planting the screened hybrid seeds again, so as to breed better quality hybrid rice seeds; S83: When screening seeds, timely record information, analyze the information collected above, and record and analyze the selected high-quality hybrid rice seeds during the replanting period.

Images