Composition for improving fruit setting rate of muskmelons and application thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field, and provides a composition for improving the fruit setting rate of muskmelons, the composition comprises a polyether modified trimethylsiloxane auxiliary agent and a CPPU solution, the composition is sprayed on young muskmelons, it can be guaranteed that the young muskmelons can hold and absorb liquid medicine under one-time spraying of the liquid medicine, the phenomenon that the liquid medicine is lost after spraying is avoided, and the fruit setting rate of the muskmelons is increased. The phenomenon that the amount of traditional Chinese medicine residues in fruits is high due to repeated spraying is avoided, and meanwhile the fruit setting rate of muskmelons is increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of plant cultivation, and in particular to a composition for improving the fruit setting rate of melons and an application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Muskmelon has a unique flavor and has become a widely grown edible melon and vegetable crop worldwide. With the development of facility agriculture, rain-sheltered cultivation of thick-skinned melons has developed rapidly and gradually moved towards scale. However, due to extremely high or low temperatures during flowering, insects in the facilities cannot survive, resulting in low natural fruit set rates and high fruit deformity rates. Therefore, plant growth regulators are generally used to improve this problem, among which forchlorfenuron (CPPU) is the most commonly used plant growth regulator on melons. CPPU can induce parthenocarpy and increase fruit set rate. Currently, the use of the growth regulator CPPU can effectively promote fruit set, increase yield and production efficiency, and is an important cultivation method in melon facility production.

[0003] CN 117106803B discloses an application of CmBr in reducing the bitterness of melon fruit induced by CPPU. By jointly analyzing cucurbitacin B and transcriptome of CPPU-treated fruits, the key gene CmBr for the synthesis of cucurbitacin B in CPPU-induced melon fruit was discovered, and a CmBr gene-edited positive strain was obtained using gene editing technology, thereby improving the problem that the use of CPPU will cause the fruit to become bitter.

[0004] In the prior art, it was found that using CPPU at too high a concentration would not only easily cause phytotoxicity but also increase the chlorpyrifos residue in the fruit, but using CPPU at too low a concentration would result in a low fruit setting rate in the melon. Summary of the invention

[0005] With the use, it was found that the use of CPPU at too high a concentration is not only easy to cause phytotoxicity but also may lead to an increase in the residual amount of chlorfenapyr in the fruit. However, the use of CPPU at too low a concentration will lead to a low fruit setting rate of melons. In other words, in order to ensure the fruit setting rate of melons, a certain concentration of CPPU needs to be used on melon crops. One spraying is prone to liquid loss, resulting in a low fruit setting rate of melons. Although multiple sprayings can ensure the retention of CPPU on crops, the phenomenon of increased residual amount of chlorfenapyr in fruits due to excessively high concentrations may occur, affecting the quality of the fruit. In addition, multiple sprayings are also time-consuming and labor-intensive.

[0006] In view of this, the present invention aims to provide a composition for improving the fruit setting rate of melons. In the present invention, the composition comprises a CPPU solution and a polyether-modified trimethylsiloxane auxiliary agent.

[0007] Furthermore, the amount of the polyether-modified trimethylsiloxane additive added to each liter of the CPPU solution is 0.25-0.5 g.

[0008] Furthermore, the amount of the polyether-modified trimethylsiloxane additive added per liter of the CPPU solution is 0.3 g.

[0009] Furthermore, the concentration of CPPU in the CPPU solution is 2.5-20 mg·L-1.

[0010] Furthermore, the concentration of CPPU in the CPPU solution is 10 mg·L-1.

[0011] The invention also discloses an application of a composition for improving the fruit setting rate of melons. The composition is applied to the fruit setting of melons.

[0012] Furthermore, the application comprises the following step: applying the composition to flowers or young fruits of melon crops.

[0013] Furthermore, the composition is sprayed on flowers or young melon fruits of the melon crop.

[0014] Furthermore, the flowers of the melon crop or the young melon fruits are dipped into the composition.

[0015] Furthermore, the composition is stirred evenly before use.

[0016] The invention discloses a composition for improving the fruit setting rate of melons. The composition comprises a polyether-modified trimethylsiloxane auxiliary agent and a CPPU solution, which are sprayed on young melon fruits to ensure that the young melon fruits can retain and absorb the liquid medicine after one spraying. The CPPU solution is evenly distributed on the young melon fruits under the flow of the auxiliary agent, thereby meeting the needs of the melon crop at one time, avoiding the loss of the liquid medicine after spraying, and avoiding the high residual amount of chlorpyrifos in the fruit caused by multiple sprayings. At the same time, the composition can improve the fruit setting rate of the melons, the yield of the melons and the fruit size, and reduce the rate of deformed fruits.

[0017] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in the following detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The accompanying drawings constituting a part of the present invention are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0019] Figure 1 This is a chart showing the fruit setting rate and deformed fruit rate of melons without adding adjuvants in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a chart of the fruit setting rate and deformed fruit rate of melons after adding adjuvants in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a chart of the shapes of mature fruits of various treatment combinations in a specific embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The specific implementation of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific implementation described here is only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and is not used to limit the present invention.

[0023] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the scheme of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present invention and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so as to describe the embodiments of the present invention described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices; "fixed" or "fixed connection" generally refers to common mechanical connection methods, such as threaded connection, welding or bonding, etc.

[0025] In the prior art, it was found that using CPPU at too high a concentration would not only easily cause phytotoxicity but also lead to an increase in the chlorfenapyr residue in the fruit, but using CPPU at too low a concentration would lead to a low fruit setting rate of the melon; that is, in order to ensure the fruit setting rate of the melon, a certain concentration of CPPU needs to be used on the melon crop. One spraying will easily lead to the loss of the liquid medicine, resulting in a low fruit setting rate of the melon. Although multiple sprayings can ensure the retention of CPPU on the crop, the concentration may be too high, resulting in an increase in the chlorfenapyr residue in the fruit, affecting the fruit quality, and multiple sprayings are also time-consuming and labor-intensive.

[0026] The present invention aims to provide a composition for improving the fruit setting rate of melons. In the present invention, the composition comprises a CPPU solution and a polyether-modified trimethylsiloxane auxiliary agent.

[0027] The CPPU mentioned in this application is chlorpyrifos, which is a plant growth regulator; the polyether-modified trimethylsiloxane adjuvant is an agricultural silicone spray adjuvant containing polyether-modified trimethylsiloxane, and the main component of the agricultural silicone spray adjuvant must be polyether-modified trimethylsiloxane.

[0028] In the process of treating melon fruits with plant growth regulator CPPU (chlorpyrifos is generally used for melon fruit setting), different concentrations, application methods and application periods have a great influence on the melon fruit setting rate, and the agent is unevenly spread during the treatment process, resulting in an increase in deformed fruits and low drug utilization rate; in this application, CPPU is used in combination with a polyether-modified trimethylsiloxane additive, and the polyether-modified trimethylsiloxane additive is used as a spreading agent. When mixed with CPPU, the surface tension of the drug can be reduced, so that the drug solution has wettability and spreadability, and the drug solution can be spread over a large area when sprayed. The surface of the target object is sprayed on the ground, so that the drug solution is evenly held on the young melon fruit, the spreading effect and liquid holding amount of the drug solution on the crop are improved, and the systemic drug solution is accelerated to penetrate the plant epidermis into the interior, thereby increasing the retention and absorption of the drug solution by the plant, improving the utilization rate of the drug solution, and the polyether-modified trimethylsiloxane auxiliary agent will not enter the plant body; the present invention can ensure the retention and absorption of the drug solution by the plant through one spraying, thereby meeting the needs of the melon crop at one time, avoiding the loss of the drug solution after spraying, and avoiding the phenomenon of high chlorpyrifos residues in the fruit caused by multiple spraying.

[0029] The invention aims to screen the suitable concentration, application period and application method of the composition for melon, improve the effective utilization rate of the medicinal liquid in melon production and reduce the rate of deformed fruit at the same time; the test material of the invention is the melon weight "Zhetian 105", and the test is carried out in spring and autumn to screen the suitable concentration, method and application period of the composition, and determine the use concentration of the adjuvant by measuring the moving speed of the liquid on the surface of the melon and whether the melon fruit has any phytotoxicity; wherein the prepared materials are 0.1% CPPU and an organosilicon spray adjuvant whose main component is polyether-modified trimethylsiloxane.

[0030] In order to determine how to apply the composition to melon crops to ensure the quality of melon fruits, the present invention conducted the following experiments:

[0031] Experiment 1: Melon seedlings were planted in a multi-span greenhouse in autumn. The average temperature in the greenhouse was 30.72℃ during flowering. On the day of flowering, the petals and ovaries were dipped into CPUU solutions of different concentrations (without adjuvants). The method of action was the flower dipping method. It also included spraying CPUU solutions of different concentrations (without adjuvants) on young melon fruits (ovaries of flowers). The method of action was the melon spraying method. The experiments were conducted in groups using the two methods.

[0032] Experiment 2: Melon seedlings were planted in a monomer shed in spring with an average temperature of 34°C. Compositions of different concentrations (CPUU solutions of different concentrations and 0.3 g·L-1 polyether modified trimethylsiloxane adjuvant were mixed evenly) were sprayed on young melon fruits (ovaries of flowers). The mode of action was melon spraying.

[0033] The fruit setting rate, deformed fruit rate, and vertical and horizontal stems of the melons in each treatment were counted 7 days after treatment. The melons were tested during the harvest period, and the fruit traits at maturity were counted. A high-precision digital saccharimeter (Maideshi, FNV-32) was used to determine the soluble solids content. An electronic digital vernier caliper was used to determine the vertical, horizontal, and diameter of the melons and the thickness of the flesh. An electronic balance was used to weigh the weight of a single melon.

[0034] The above two seasons of experiments were repeated three times in each group, and 30 plants were set for each spraying method and liquid concentration. The experiment was arranged in random blocks, and artificial pollination was used as the control group. The plant spacing was 30 cm, and single vines were pruned to leave one fruit. The results are as follows Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown in the table.

[0035] Figure 1 This is a chart showing the fruit setting rate and deformed fruit rate of melons without adding adjuvants in a specific embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a chart of the fruit setting rate and deformed fruit rate of melons after adding adjuvants in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] according to Figure 1 and Figure 2 From the comparison of the tables in the table, it can be concluded that after adding adjuvants to the CPPU solution to form a composite for spraying, the fruit setting rate of melons was significantly improved, with the highest fruit setting rate in the test reaching 99.3%, and the deformed fruit rate was significantly reduced, with the lowest deformed fruit rate in the test being 3.7%; and according to Figure 2 From the chart, it can be concluded that when the additive concentration is 0.3g·L-1 and the concentration is 10mg·L-1 CPPU solution, the fruit setting rate is the highest and the deformed fruit rate is the lowest.

[0037] Figure 3 It is a diagram of the shape of ripe fruits of each treatment combination in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] It should be noted that in Figure 3In the table, P10 means spraying 10 mg·L-1 CPPU solution (without adjuvant) onto young melon fruit by melon spraying method, Z10 means dipping young melon fruit in 10 mg·L-1 CPPU solution (without adjuvant), P15 means spraying 15 mg·L-1 CPPU solution (without adjuvant) onto young melon fruit by melon spraying method, Z20 means dipping young melon fruit in 20 mg·L-1 CPPU solution (without adjuvant), P20 means spraying 25 mg·L-1 CPPU solution (without adjuvant) onto young melon fruit by melon spraying method, CK means artificial pollination, adjuvants P10~20 means spraying the composition (in the composition: 10-20 mg·L-1 CPPU solution, 0.3 g·L-1 adjuvant) onto young melon fruit by melon spraying method.

[0039] according to Figure 3 From the table, it can be concluded that in terms of yield, the yield of "Adjuvant P10" is the highest, which is 31.1kg, an increase of 12.15% compared with artificial pollination; the fruit length of "Adjuvant P10" is the largest, which is 21.2cm, an increase of 10.9% compared with artificial pollination; the fruit width is the largest with "Adjuvant P15", followed by "Adjuvant P10"; in terms of fruit thickness, "Adjuvant P10", "P15" and "P20" are the same, all 4.5cm; in terms of central soluble solid content, the "Z10", "Adjuvant P15" and "Adjuvant P20" treatment groups are higher, among which, "Adjuvant P15" has a higher content of soluble solids. 0", "Adjuvant P15" and "Adjuvant P20" all have higher central soluble solid contents than those of artificial pollination; therefore, it can be concluded that among the compositions: 0.3 g·L-1 of adjuvant and 10 mg·L-1 of CPPU solution are the most preferred for use with this variety of melon; when the composition (0.3 g·L-1 of adjuvant and 10 mg·L-1 of CPPU solution) is sprayed, the melon fruit quality is the best, which is greater than the fruit quality of the flower dipping method using 20 mg·L-1 of CPPU solution; and in terms of field operation efficiency, the flower dipping method is less efficient, and the spraying method has a higher effect.

[0040] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A composition for improving the fruit setting rate of melon, characterized in that The composition comprises a CPPU solution and a polyether-modified trimethylsiloxane auxiliary agent.

2. The composition according to claim 1, characterized in that The amount of the polyether-modified trimethylsiloxane additive added to each liter of the CPPU solution is 0.25-0.5 g.

3. The composition according to claim 2, characterized in that The amount of the polyether-modified trimethylsiloxane additive added to each liter of the CPPU solution is 0.3 g.

4. The composition according to claim 1, characterized in that The concentration of CPPU in the CPPU solution is 2.5-20 mg·L-1.

5. The composition according to claim 1, characterized in that The concentration of CPPU in the CPPU solution is 10 mg·L-1.

6. Use of the composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The composition is applied to melons.

7. The use according to claim 6, characterized in that: The application comprises the following steps: The composition is applied to flowers or young fruits of melon crops.

8. The use according to claim 7, characterized in that: The composition is sprayed on flowers or young melon fruits of the melon crop.

9. The use according to claim 7, characterized in that: The flowers of the melon crop or the young melon fruits are dipped into the composition.

10. The use according to claim 7, characterized in that: The composition is stirred evenly before use.

Images