Novel shoulder glenoid prosthesis and use method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a novel shoulder glenoid prosthesis, which solves the problems that the shoulder glenoid prosthesis is single in type and structure, easy to loosen under cyclic load, higher in fixing risk and the like, and adopts the main scheme that the novel shoulder glenoid prosthesis comprises a shoulder glenoid prosthesis body, at least two edge fixing columns located on the side edge of the face and at least one center fixing column located in the center of the face are arranged on the face correspondingly embedded into the shoulder glenoid in a matched mode in a protruding mode, various bone cement grooves are formed in the same face, and the fixing columns are symmetrical about the center fixing column. A spherical concave feature is concavely formed in the center of the face, correspondingly matched with a humerus ball head, of the shoulder glenoid prosthesis, a dislocation-preventing high edge protrudes from one end of the same face, the concave feature and the shoulder glenoid prosthesis are eccentrically arranged, higher mechanical stability can be provided between an implant and a bone, and therefore the phenomenon of swinging a wooden horse is avoided, and the use safety of the implant is improved. The loosening risk of the shoulder glenoid prosthesis is obviously reduced, the service life of the prosthesis is prolonged, and the satisfaction degree of a patient is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of anatomical total shoulder replacement surgery, and in particular to a novel glenoid prosthesis and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The shoulder joint is the connection between the upper limb and the trunk. It is the joint with the largest range of human motion. Due to various injuries, different symptoms may occur, which brings great trouble to people's lives. Artificial shoulder replacement surgery can effectively treat various injuries of the shoulder joint, rebuild the normal bone structure and biomechanical system, relieve pain for patients, and improve their quality of life. Anatomical shoulder replacement is an effective treatment method for patients' shoulder joint diseases, replacing the patient's damaged ball-and-socket joint and restoring the patient's anatomical structure.

[0003] In traditional anatomic total shoulder replacement surgery, the replacement glenoid is usually placed on top of the glenoid bony surface, such as Figure 1 However, as the patient raises his arm, swings his arm, and so on, the humerus exerts pressure on the scapula or the surface of the joint bone, which in turn causes the humerus to move up and down, rotate, and slide back and forth under the reaction force, eventually causing the glenoid to loosen, which in turn affects the patient's limb movement and even causes the condition to worsen. This phenomenon is called the "rocking horse effect." Glenoid loosening caused by the "rocking horse" effect is the most common clinical complication in anatomical total shoulder arthroplasty, and component separation has been reported in clinical practice.

[0004] The shortcomings of the prior art are:

[0005] 1. The existing glenoid prosthesis is of a single type. Since the mainstream products are all imported products, they are inconsistent with the anatomical parameters of the Chinese people. It is difficult to select a suitable glenoid prosthesis during implantation. If the glenoid prosthesis is too small, it may cause insufficient coverage and product loosening. If the glenoid prosthesis is too large, it may cause damage to the soft tissue or bone structure, causing pain to the patient.

[0006] 2. If Figure 1 As shown in the figure, when the glenoid prosthesis is subjected to cyclic loads, a "rocking horse" effect is easily produced, causing the prosthesis to loosen, ultimately leading to prosthesis failure and revision, seriously affecting the patient's quality of life and causing dissatisfaction among patients and doctors.

[0007] 3. The existing glenoid prosthesis requires a lot of grinding and filing of the patient's glenoid before implantation, which results in a large amount of bone resection and is not conducive to the patient's recovery.

[0008] 4. The existing glenoid prosthesis has no anti-dislocation design, which can easily cause the prosthesis to dislocate and require revision.

[0009] 5. Existing products are all plastic products that are fixed with bone cement, which poses a risk of poor long-term stability. Summary of the invention

[0010] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art. The present invention proposes a new type of glenoid prosthesis and a method of using the same. The anatomical design is performed using Chinese data, and glenoid prostheses of different diameters, thicknesses, and shapes are provided for doctors to choose during surgery to match the patient's glenoid structure, seek the maximum glenoid coverage area, improve product stability, reduce the risk of product loosening or patient bone structure damage and revision, extend the life of the prosthesis, and improve patient satisfaction.

[0011] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a new type of shoulder glenoid prosthesis, including: a shoulder glenoid prosthesis, which has at least two edge fixing columns located on the side of the surface and at least one central fixing column located in the center of the surface corresponding to the surface embedded in the shoulder glenoid, and a variety of bone cement grooves are opened on the same surface, and the fixing columns are symmetrical with the central fixing column. The shoulder glenoid prosthesis has a spherical concave feature in the center of the surface corresponding to the humeral ball head, and a high edge is raised at one end of the same surface to prevent dislocation, and the concave feature is eccentrically arranged with the shoulder glenoid prosthesis.

[0012] Furthermore, each edge fixing column has a plurality of first through holes perpendicular to its axis through its outer wall, and has a plurality of trimming features at the same position. The center fixing column is arranged higher than the edge fixing column, and has a plurality of second through holes perpendicular to its axis through its outer wall.

[0013] Furthermore, the bone cement groove includes one or more of a circular groove shape and a circular hole shape, and a plurality of bone cement grooves can be connected through a bottom connecting groove.

[0014] Furthermore, the shoulder glenoid prosthesis is provided with a plurality of lateral bone cement grooves on its axial outer wall, and the grooves are connected through lateral connecting grooves.

[0015] Furthermore, the angle between the surface corresponding to the anti-dislocation high edge and the horizontal plane is in the range of 10° to 15°, and the eccentricity between the concave feature and the glenoid prosthesis is preferably 1.5 mm to 2.5 mm.

[0016] Furthermore, the glenoid prosthesis has a diameter ranging from 18 to 30 mm, and a corresponding thickness ranging from 6 to 8 mm.

[0017] Furthermore, the surface where the glenoid prosthesis cooperates with the humeral ball head is an articular surface, the surface roughness of the articular surface does not exceed Ra0.05 μm, and the ball radius corresponding to the concave feature ranges from 17 mm to 27 mm.

[0018] Furthermore, the shoulder glenoid prosthesis is made of plastic, preferably highly cross-linked ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene material, and a developing wire hole is opened on the top of the central fixing column and a metal developing wire is inserted therein. The metal developing wire is made of stainless steel or titanium alloy, preferably stainless steel.

[0019] Furthermore, the glenoid prosthesis is made of metal, including cobalt-chromium-molybdenum alloy or titanium alloy, and the glenoid prosthesis is coated with a coating on the outer wall corresponding to its axial direction, and the coating has a trabecular structure corresponding to the human cancellous bone structure. The coating includes one or more of a metal coating or a HA coating, and the metal coating includes plasma sprayed pure titanium, a titanium alloy coating, a titanium bead sintered coating or a 3D printed coating.

[0020] The method for using the novel glenoid prosthesis described above comprises the following steps:

[0021] S1. File the patient's glenoid. The diameter of the file tool should be larger than the selected glenoid prosthesis to ensure sufficient unilateral press-fitting.

[0022] S2. Determine whether to use a corresponding concave structure grinding and filing tool according to whether the glenoid prosthesis has a corresponding concave feature, and ensure that the grinding and filing depth is consistent with the coating height, so that the novel glenoid prosthesis can be embedded in the patient's glenoid;

[0023] S3. After the implantation is completed, the metal developing wire or the glenoid prosthesis and the coating position can be seen through X-ray to judge the implantation effect of the prosthesis.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention include:

[0025] 1. The novel glenoid prosthesis provided by the present invention is anatomically designed using Chinese data, and provides glenoid prostheses of different diameters, thicknesses, and shapes for doctors to choose during surgery, so as to match the glenoid structure of the patient, seek the maximum glenoid coverage area, improve product stability, and reduce the risk of product loosening or damage to the patient's bone structure and revision;

[0026] 2. The novel glenoid prosthesis provided by the present invention is embedded in the bone. When subjected to cyclic loads, its significant advantage is that it has high-strength fixation and does not require much bone support. The implant can be placed in the bone with bone defects, thereby providing greater mechanical stability between the implant and the bone, thereby avoiding the "rocking horse" phenomenon and significantly reducing the risk of loosening of the glenoid prosthesis;

[0027] 3. The new glenoid prosthesis provided by the present invention does not require the whole glenoid of the patient to be ground and filed, but only requires osteotomy of the prosthesis part, which preserves the patient's bone mass and is beneficial to the patient's postoperative recovery. In addition, the present invention also provides a new structure that preserves more of the patient's bone mass, providing options for doctors and patients;

[0028] 4. The novel glenoid prosthesis provided by the present invention has an anti-dislocation design, which enhances the activity stability of the humeral head and reduces the risk of dislocation;

[0029] 5. The new glenoid prosthesis provided by the present invention is available in two options: plastic and metal. Doctors can choose to use it according to the actual situation of the patient. The metal glenoid prosthesis has a trabecular structure similar to human cancellous bone, which increases friction and improves stability in the early stage, and achieves long-term fixation through bone ingrowth or bone growth in the later stage. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] The disclosure of the present invention is described with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings, the same reference numerals are used to refer to the same components. Among them:

[0031] Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the structure of the existing glenoid prosthesis according to the background technology of the present invention is shown;

[0032] Figure 2 The overall structure diagram of the glenoid prosthesis according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention is schematically shown;

[0033] Figure 3 Schematically showing the bottom surface of the glenoid prosthesis and the corresponding bottom surface AA cross-sectional structure diagram according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of the glenoid prosthesis in use according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention is shown;

[0035] Figure 5 The overall structure of the glenoid prosthesis according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention is schematically shown;

[0036] Figure 6 The schematic diagram of the structure of the concave feature of the glenoid prosthesis according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention is shown;

[0037] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of the glenoid prosthesis in use according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention is shown;

[0038] Figure 8 and Fig. 9 The schematic diagram shows the structure of the high side of the glenoid prosthesis for preventing dislocation according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention;

[0039] Fig.10 A schematic diagram of the coating structure of the glenoid prosthesis according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention is shown;

[0040] Fig.11A schematic diagram of the structure of the glenoid prosthesis in use according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention is shown;

[0041] Fig.12 The schematic diagram shows the structure of the glenoid prosthesis having both the concave feature and the anti-dislocation high edge according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention;

[0042] Fig.13 The schematic diagram of the structure of the glenoid prosthesis used in Embodiment 6 of the present invention is shown schematically.

[0043] Numbers in the figure: 1. Glenoid prosthesis; 2. Edge fixing column; 3. Center fixing column; 4. Bone cement groove; 5. Concave feature; 6. Anti-dislocation high edge; 7. First through hole; 8. Cutting edge feature; 9. Second through hole; 10. Side bone cement groove; 11. Side connecting groove; 12. Articular surface; 13. Development wire hole; 14. Metal development wire; 15. Coating; 16. Round groove bone cement groove; 17. Round hole bone cement groove; 18. Bottom connecting groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] It is easy to understand that according to the technical solution of the present invention, without changing the essential spirit of the present invention, a person skilled in the art can propose a variety of interchangeable structural modes and implementation modes. Therefore, the following specific implementation modes and drawings are only exemplary descriptions of the technical solution of the present invention, and should not be regarded as the whole of the present invention or as a limitation or restriction to the technical solution of the present invention.

[0045] According to one embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1-Figure 13 Shown.

[0046] The novel shoulder glenoid prosthesis provided by the present invention is designed using Chinese data for anatomical design. The main parameter measurement methods and data lists are as follows:

[0047] Step 1: Measure the patient's anatomical glenoid diameter.

[0048] By fitting the glenoid diameter of the human bone model, the anatomical parameters of the glenoid of the Chinese were obtained. After the data were obtained, they were classified, as shown in Table 1:

[0049] model Glenoid diameter φA / mm Ⅰ 18.0 Ⅱ 21.0 Ⅲ 24.0 Ⅳ 27.0 Ⅴ 30.0

[0050] Step 2: Measure the patient's glenoid height.

[0051] According to the diameter data obtained in step 1, the patient's glenoid height data is determined. According to step 2, the data is classified after it is obtained, as shown in Table 2:

[0052] model Glenoid height B / mm X1 6.0 X2 8.0

[0053] Step 3: Measure the radius of the patient's humeral head.

[0054] According to the obtained ball radius data, the ball radius data of the patient's humeral head is determined. According to step 3, the data is obtained and then classified, as shown in Table 3 below:

[0055] model Glenoid joint surface radius SR C / mm U1 17 U2 19 U3 21 U4 23 U5 25 U6 27

[0056] According to the obtained Chinese glenoid anatomical data, the novel glenoid prosthesis provided by the present invention has the following 8 embodiments, which are described one by one below.

[0057] Example 1

[0058] like Figure 2 As shown, the present invention provides a new type of glenoid prosthesis, the material of which is plastic, preferably, highly cross-linked ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene material, and other plastics such as ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, VE highly cross-linked ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, etc. should also fall within the scope of protection of this patent. When the new type of glenoid prosthesis is made of plastic, it includes two parts: a glenoid prosthesis base and a metal imaging wire (stainless steel or titanium alloy material, preferably stainless steel). Figure 3 As shown, the diameter A of the glenoid prosthesis base body meets the requirements of Table 1. In addition, the height B of the glenoid prosthesis base body meets the requirements of Table 2.

[0059] In terms of structure, the glenoid prosthesis base includes two edge fixing columns for fixing the glenoid prosthesis. The height E of the edge fixing columns is preferably 10mm-12mm, and the diameter thereof is preferably 5mm. The two edge fixing columns both have a first through hole, and the diameter of the first through hole feature is preferably 2.0mm. The flow of bone cement can be achieved through the first through hole, thereby enhancing the fixation of bone cement and improving the stability of the glenoid prosthesis. The edge fixing column also has a trimming feature, and its diameter is preferably 6mm. The trimming feature can increase the contact area between the edge fixing column and the bone cement, thereby enhancing the stability of the glenoid prosthesis.

[0060] Similarly, the glenoid prosthesis base also has a central fixing column. The height F of the central fixing column should be greater than that of the edge fixing column. Preferably, F=E+5mm. The stability of the glenoid prosthesis can be enhanced by the central fixing column. In addition, the central fixing column also has a second through hole feature, and the diameter of the second through hole is consistent with the first through hole of the edge fixing column. Optionally, the first through hole and the second through hole can be on the same horizontal line or at different levels.

[0061] The glenoid prosthesis base has an articular surface that matches the humeral ball head. The articular surface is spherical, and its surface roughness should not exceed Ra2.0μm. Its ball diameter C should meet the requirements of Table 3, so as to meet the anatomical structure of Chinese people, better meet the needs of patients, and improve the effect of shoulder joint replacement.

[0062] Furthermore, the glenoid prosthesis also has a bone cement groove. The bone cement groove provided in this embodiment has two structures, see Figure 3 The diameter of the circular groove bone cement groove is preferably 2.0 mm, and the diameter of the circular hole bone cement groove is preferably 5.0 mm. One or both of these two bone cement grooves can be selected to exist at the same time. Through the bone cement groove, the contact area between the bone cement and the glenoid prosthesis can be increased, thereby improving the stability of the glenoid prosthesis and preventing it from loosening.

[0063] The shoulder glenoid prosthesis has a developing wire hole matched with the metal developing wire, and the developing wire can be inserted into the central fixing column of the shoulder glenoid prosthesis through the developing wire hole.

[0064] like Figure 4 As shown, the corresponding usage is:

[0065] The patient's glenoid cavity is reamed. The diameter of the ream tool should be larger than the selected glenoid prosthesis. Preferably, the ream tool diameter = glenoid prosthesis diameter A + 2 mm to ensure that there is 1.0 mm of bone cement on one side. The ream depth = glenoid prosthesis height B - 3 mm, so that the novel glenoid prosthesis can be embedded in the patient's glenoid cavity (such as Figure 4 ), thus providing greater mechanical stability and avoiding loosening due to "rocking horse" when subjected to cyclic loads. After implantation, the metal developing wire can be seen through X-ray, and the position of the metal developing wire can be used to judge the implantation effect of the prosthesis.

[0066] Example 2

[0067] like Figure 5 As shown, the difference from Example 1 is that the bone cement groove provided in this embodiment has a bottom connecting groove, through which bone cement can flow in each groove, connected as a whole, and enhance overall stability. In addition, the bone cement groove has a side bone cement groove and a side connecting groove. The side bone cement groove and the side connecting groove work together to enhance the contact area of ​​bone cement, better provide mechanical stability, and resist the loosening phenomenon caused by the "rocking horse" effect. The width or diameter of the bone cement groove is preferably 2.0mm.

[0068] The corresponding usage is consistent with that of Example 1 and will not be described in detail.

[0069] Example 3

[0070] Different from the first or second embodiment, the contact part of the new glenoid prosthesis provided in this embodiment with the patient's bone adopts a concave design (see Figure 6 ), that is, the glenoid prosthesis base has a concave feature. The concave design can further retain the patient's bone mass and increase the bone cement contact area, thereby having better stability.

[0071] The corresponding usage is:

[0072] The patient's glenoid cavity is reamed. The diameter of the ream tool should be larger than the selected glenoid prosthesis. Preferably, the ream tool diameter = glenoid prosthesis diameter A + 2 mm to ensure that there is 1.0 mm of bone cement on one side. Unlike the flat-bottomed tool in Example 1, the ream tool used here is also a concave structure to obtain the desired glenoid structure. The ream depth = glenoid prosthesis height B - 3 mm, so that the new glenoid prosthesis can be embedded in the patient's glenoid cavity (such as Figure 7 ), thus providing greater mechanical stability and avoiding loosening due to "rocking horse" when subjected to cyclic loads. After implantation, the metal developing wire can be seen through X-ray, and the position of the metal developing wire can be used to judge the implantation effect of the prosthesis.

[0073] Example 4

[0074] Different from Example 3, the novel glenoid prosthesis provided in this embodiment has a high edge to prevent dislocation (see Figure 8 as well as Fig. 9 ), the high side angle θ, preferably, θ is 10°~15°. When in use, the high side faces downward, which can effectively raise the humeral head and achieve the effect of anti-dislocation. In addition, there is an eccentricity between the articular surface sphere and the glenoid prosthesis base. This design provides doctors with the possibility of adjusting according to the patient's anatomical structure during surgery, better serves doctors and patients, and improves the usability of the prosthesis. The eccentricity δ is preferably 1.5mm~2.5mm.

[0075] The corresponding usage method remains the same as in Example 3 and will not be described in detail.

[0076] Example 5

[0077] The difference from Example 1-4 is that Fig.10 As shown, the novel glenoid prosthesis is made of metal and is coated on the axial outer wall, and at this time, a metal developing wire is no longer needed. Since it includes two parts, the glenoid prosthesis substrate and the coating, this embodiment has a better anti-loosening function and reduces damage to the patient. The present invention provides a novel glenoid prosthesis, the material of which is a metal substrate + metal coating or a metal substrate + metal coating + HA coating. Preferably, the metal should be a cobalt-chromium-molybdenum alloy or a titanium alloy material, and the metal coating can be a plasma-sprayed pure titanium / titanium alloy coating, or a titanium bead sintered coating, or a 3D printed coating, etc. The diameter A of the glenoid prosthesis substrate 1 meets the requirements of Table 1. In addition, the height B of the glenoid prosthesis substrate 1 meets the requirements of Table 2.

[0078] For the coating structure, the coating can be realized by plasma spraying, titanium bead sintering, additive manufacturing, etc. The coating has a trabecular structure similar to the human cancellous bone structure and has a very high friction coefficient. Preferably, the coating friction coefficient μ>1.0. A higher friction coefficient can provide a higher friction force and improve the initial stability of the prosthesis.

[0079] The corresponding trabecular structure design parameters are as follows:

[0080] 1) The average porosity of the coating should reach 45% to 75%;

[0081] 2) The average thickness of the coating should be between 0.5mm and 1.0mm;

[0082] 3) The average pore intercept of the coating should be between 0.1mm and 0.35mm;

[0083] 4) The diameter of the coating rod should be between 0.2mm and 0.3mm.

[0084] Under long-term conditions, the trabecular structure of the coating provides an excellent environment for bone ingrowth, thereby further reducing the risk of loosening and extending the service life of the prosthesis.

[0085] like Fig.11 As shown, the corresponding usage is:

[0086] The patient's glenoid cavity is filed, and the diameter of the filing tool should be larger than the selected glenoid prosthesis. Preferably, the diameter of the filing tool = glenoid prosthesis diameter A-1mm, to ensure a single-sided 0.5mm press-fit amount, and the filing depth is consistent with the coating height, so that the new glenoid prosthesis can be embedded in the patient's glenoid cavity, thereby providing greater mechanical stability and avoiding loosening due to "rocking horse" when subjected to cyclic loads. After the implantation is completed, the glenoid prosthesis can be seen by X-ray to judge the implantation effect of the prosthesis.

[0087] Example 6

[0088] like Fig.12 As shown, the difference from Example 5 is that the new glenoid prosthesis in this embodiment has the same concave design as in Example 3 in the part that contacts the patient's bone, and the same anti-slip high edge design as in Example 4, so as to further retain the patient's bone mass, while increasing the contact area between the coating and the bone, thereby having better stability.

[0089] like Fig.13 As shown, the corresponding usage is:

[0090] The patient's glenoid cavity is filed, and the diameter of the filing tool should be larger than the selected glenoid prosthesis. Preferably, the diameter of the filing tool = the diameter of the glenoid prosthesis A-1mm to ensure a single-sided press-fitting amount of 0.5mm. Unlike the flat-bottomed tool in Example 5, the filing tool used here is also a concave structure to obtain the desired glenoid structure. The filing depth is consistent with the coating height, so that the new glenoid prosthesis can be embedded into the patient's glenoid cavity, thereby providing greater mechanical stability and avoiding loosening due to a "rocking horse" when subjected to cyclic loads. After the implantation is completed, the position of the prosthesis can be seen by X-ray to judge the implantation effect of the prosthesis.

[0091] The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the contents in the above description. Those skilled in the art can make various deformations and modifications to the above embodiments without departing from the technical idea of ​​the present invention, and these deformations and modifications should all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A novel glenoid prosthesis, characterized in that: include: The glenoid prosthesis has at least two edge fixing columns located on the side edges of the surface and at least one central fixing column located in the center of the surface protruding from the surface corresponding to the surface embedded in the glenoid, and a plurality of bone cement grooves are provided on the same surface, and the fixing columns are symmetrical with the central fixing column. The glenoid prosthesis has a spherical concave feature recessed in the center of the surface corresponding to the humeral ball head, and a high anti-dislocation edge protrudes at one end of the same surface, and the concave feature is eccentrically arranged with the glenoid prosthesis.

2. A novel glenoid prosthesis according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each edge fixing column has a plurality of first through holes perpendicular to its axis on its outer wall, and has a plurality of trimming features at the same position. The center fixing column is higher than the edge fixing column, and has a plurality of second through holes perpendicular to its axis on its outer wall.

3. The novel glenoid prosthesis according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The bone cement grooves include one or more of a circular groove shape and a circular hole shape, and a plurality of bone cement grooves can be connected through a bottom connecting groove.

4. The novel glenoid prosthesis according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The shoulder glenoid prosthesis is provided with a plurality of lateral bone cement grooves on its axial outer wall, and the lateral bone cement grooves are connected through the lateral connecting grooves.

5. The novel glenoid prosthesis according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The angle between the surface corresponding to the anti-dislocation high edge and the horizontal plane is in the range of 10° to 15°, and the eccentricity between the concave feature and the glenoid prosthesis is preferably 1.5 mm to 2.5 mm.

6. The novel glenoid prosthesis according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The glenoid prosthesis has a diameter ranging from 18 to 30 mm, and a corresponding thickness ranging from 6 to 8 mm.

7. The novel glenoid prosthesis according to claim 6, characterized in that: The surface where the glenoid prosthesis cooperates with the humeral ball head is the articular surface, the surface roughness of the articular surface does not exceed Ra0.05 μm, and the ball radius corresponding to the concave feature ranges from 17 mm to 27 mm.

8. A novel glenoid prosthesis according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The shoulder glenoid prosthesis is made of plastic, preferably highly cross-linked ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene material. A developing wire hole is opened on the top of the central fixing column and a metal developing wire is inserted. The metal developing wire is made of stainless steel or titanium alloy, preferably stainless steel.

9. A novel glenoid prosthesis according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The glenoid prosthesis is made of metal, including cobalt-chromium-molybdenum alloy or titanium alloy. The glenoid prosthesis is coated with a coating on the outer wall corresponding to its axial direction. The coating has a trabecular structure corresponding to the human cancellous bone structure. The coating includes one or more of a metal coating or a HA coating. The metal coating includes plasma sprayed pure titanium, a titanium alloy coating, a titanium bead sintered coating or a 3D printed coating.

10. The method for using the novel glenoid prosthesis according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. File the patient's glenoid. The diameter of the file tool should be larger than the selected glenoid prosthesis to ensure sufficient unilateral press-fitting. S2. Determine whether to use a corresponding concave structure grinding and filing tool according to whether the glenoid prosthesis has a corresponding concave feature, and ensure that the grinding and filing depth is consistent with the coating height, so that the novel glenoid prosthesis can be embedded in the patient's glenoid; S3. After the implantation is completed, the metal developing wire or the glenoid prosthesis and the coating position can be seen through X-ray to judge the implantation effect of the prosthesis.

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