A gravity-flotation combined beneficiation method for carbon-containing lead-zinc sulfide ore

Abstract

The present invention discloses a combined gravity-flotation beneficiation method for carbon-containing lead-zinc sulfide ores. The method comprises the following steps: grinding the raw ore, sequentially adding a carbon collector and a frother, and then removing amorphous carbon therefrom through a table flotation process; performing roughing, scavenging, and concentrating on the table flotation concentrate; flotation to obtain a lead concentrate and lead-selected tailings; and then performing roughing, scavenging, and concentrating on the lead-selected tailings; and flotation to obtain a zinc concentrate. The process of the present invention is simple, easy to industrially produce, and convenient for cost reduction. It has good adaptability to lead-zinc sulfide ores containing amorphous carbon, effectively avoiding the adverse effects of amorphous carbon on lead-zinc flotation, and achieving superior lead-zinc flotation performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of mineral processing engineering, and in particular relates to a gravity-flotation combined beneficiation method for carbon-containing lead-zinc sulfide ore. Background Art

[0002] Metallic lead and zinc possess excellent properties such as rollability and corrosion resistance, making them widely used in industries such as machinery, shipbuilding, and batteries, playing a vital role in industrial and economic development. Lead and zinc primarily exist as sulfides and are currently separated from lead-zinc sulfide ores through flotation. The formation of sedimentary lead-zinc deposits (such as the Mississippi Valley type) relies primarily on sedimentation, which enriches lead and zinc. During sedimentation, organic matter undergoes a series of geological processes and material migration, ultimately presenting itself as amorphous carbon within the lead-zinc ore. Consequently, sedimentary lead-zinc deposits often contain amorphous carbon. Amorphous carbon is a carbonaceous substance with no specific shape or periodic structure. It possesses a rich porosity, fine particle size, and large specific surface area. During the flotation of lead-zinc sulfide ores, amorphous carbon adsorbs large amounts of collector, resulting in reagent waste and increased costs. Furthermore, excessive collector consumption makes it difficult for the lead-zinc sulfide ores to float, seriously hindering the efficient recovery of lead and zinc resources. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The object of the present invention is to provide a combined gravity-flotation beneficiation method for carbon-containing lead-zinc sulfide ores, so as to solve the problem of poor separation index caused by amorphous carbon in the flotation process of lead-zinc sulfide ores.

[0004] The gravity-flotation combined beneficiation method for carbon-containing lead-zinc sulfide ore provided by the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0005] S1. Crushing and grinding the raw ore to obtain a grinding product;

[0006] S2. After adding a carbon collector and a frother to the milled product obtained in step S1, slurry is prepared, and the slurry is then transported to a table flotation table to obtain a table flotation table concentrate and carbon-containing tailings;

[0007] S3 step S2 obtained by the table flotation shaker concentrate into the flotation system, the roughing, scavenging, selection, lead concentrate and lead tailings selection;

[0008] S4. The lead tailings obtained in step S3 are subjected to roughing, scavenging and concentrating to obtain zinc concentrate and tailings.

[0009] Furthermore, in step S1, the -0.074 mm particle size accounts for 70% to 90% of the ground product.

[0010] Furthermore, in step S2, the carbon collector is a mixture of kerosene and lauryl polyether, wherein the mass ratio of kerosene to lauryl polyether is 16:4 to 19:1, and the added amount is 10 to 30 g / t, where g / t is calculated based on the mass of the original ore; the foaming agent is at least one of pine oil or methyl isobutyl carbinol, and the added amount is 10 to 30 g / t, where g / t is calculated based on the mass of the original ore.

[0011] Furthermore, step S3 includes one lead roughing process, two lead sweeping processes and three lead cleaning processes, specifically:

[0012] First, the table flotation table concentrate obtained in step S2 is subjected to lead roughing to obtain lead roughing concentrate and lead roughing tailings;

[0013] The lead rougher concentrate is subjected to three lead concentrations: lead concentration II uses the lead concentrate 1 obtained from lead concentration I as raw material, and lead concentration III uses the lead concentrate 2 obtained from lead concentration II as raw material; the concentrate obtained from lead concentration III is used as lead concentrate; the tailings obtained from lead concentration III are returned to the flotation of lead concentration II; the tailings obtained from lead concentration II are returned to the flotation of lead concentration I; and the tailings obtained from lead concentration I are returned to the lead rougher concentrate;

[0014] The lead roughing tailings are subjected to two lead scavenging processes. The lead scavenging tailings 1 obtained from the lead scavenging I are used as raw materials in the lead scavenging II; the lead scavenging concentrate 1 obtained from the lead scavenging I is returned to the flotation of the lead roughing; the lead scavenging concentrate 2 obtained from the lead scavenging II is returned to the flotation of the lead scavenging I; and the tailings obtained from the lead scavenging II are used as lead selection tailings.

[0015] In the lead roughing process, a sulfur inhibitor, a zinc inhibitor, a lead collector and a foaming agent are sequentially added to perform lead roughing; wherein the foaming agent is at least one of pine oil or methyl isobutyl carbinol, and the addition amount is 10-30 g / t, where g / t is calculated based on the mass of the raw ore; the sulfur inhibitor is lime, and the addition amount is 1000-6000 g / t, where g / t is calculated based on the mass of the raw ore; the zinc inhibitor is a combination of zinc sulfate and sodium sulfite, and the mass ratio of zinc sulfate to sodium sulfite is 2:1, the addition amount of zinc sulfate is 400-2000 g / t, and the addition amount of sodium sulfite is 200-1000 g / t, where g / t is calculated based on the mass of the raw ore; the lead collector is at least one of ethylthiocarbamate, butylamine black medicine and ethyl xanthate, and the addition amount of the lead collector is 50-100 g / t, where g / t is calculated based on the mass of the raw ore;

[0016] A sulfur inhibitor and a zinc inhibitor are sequentially added to the lead concentration I to perform lead concentration I; wherein the sulfur inhibitor is lime, and the amount used is 500-1500 g / t, where g / t is calculated based on the mass of the original ore; the zinc inhibitor is a combination of zinc sulfate and sodium sulfite, and the mass ratio of zinc sulfate to sodium sulfite is 2:1, the amount of zinc sulfate added is 200-500 g / t, and the amount of sodium sulfite added is 100-250 g / t, where g / t is calculated based on the mass of the original ore;

[0017] A sulfur inhibitor and a zinc inhibitor are sequentially added to the lead concentration II to perform lead concentration II; wherein the sulfur inhibitor is lime, and the amount used is 250-750 g / t, where g / t is calculated based on the mass of the original ore; the zinc inhibitor is a combination of zinc sulfate and sodium sulfite, and the mass ratio of zinc sulfate to sodium sulfite is 2:1, the amount of zinc sulfate added is 100-250 g / t, and the amount of sodium sulfite added is 50-125 g / t, where g / t is calculated based on the mass of the original ore;

[0018] The lead selection III is blank selection;

[0019] A lead collector is added to the lead scavenging I to carry out lead scavenging I; the lead collector is at least one of ethylthiocyanate, butylamine black medicine, and ethyl xanthate, and the amount of the lead collector added is 25-50g / t, where g / t is calculated based on the mass of the original ore;

[0020] A lead collector is added to the lead scavenging II to carry out lead scavenging II; the lead collector is at least one of ethylthiocyanate, butylamine black medicine, and ethyl xanthate, and the amount of the lead collector added is 10-25g / t, where g / t is calculated based on the mass of the original ore;

[0021] Furthermore, step S4 includes one zinc roughing selection, two zinc scavenging selections and three zinc concentrating steps, specifically:

[0022] First, zinc roughing is performed on the lead tailings obtained in step S3 to obtain zinc roughing concentrate and zinc roughing tailings;

[0023] The zinc rougher concentrate is subjected to three zinc concentrations. Zinc Concentration II uses the zinc concentrate 1 obtained from Zinc Concentration I as raw material, and Zinc Concentration III uses the zinc concentrate 2 obtained from Zinc Concentration II as raw material; the concentrate obtained from Zinc Concentration III is used as zinc concentrate; the tailings obtained from Zinc Concentration III are returned to the flotation of Zinc Concentration II; the tailings obtained from Zinc Concentration II are returned to the flotation of Zinc Concentration I; and the tailings obtained from Zinc Concentration I are returned to the zinc rougher;

[0024] The zinc roughing tailings are subjected to two zinc scavenging processes. Zinc scavenging II uses the zinc scavenging tailings 1 obtained from zinc scavenging I as raw material; the zinc scavenging concentrate 1 obtained from zinc scavenging I is returned to the zinc roughing; the zinc scavenging concentrate 2 obtained from zinc scavenging II is returned to the flotation of zinc scavenging I; and the tailings obtained from zinc scavenging II are used as the final tailings.

[0025] In the zinc roughing, a sulfur inhibitor, a zinc activator, a zinc collector and a foaming agent are sequentially added to perform zinc roughing; wherein the foaming agent is at least one of pine oil or methyl isobutyl carbinol, and the addition amount is 10-30 g / t, where g / t is calculated based on the mass of the raw ore; the sulfur inhibitor is lime, and the addition amount is 500-2000 g / t, where g / t is calculated based on the mass of the raw ore; the zinc activator is copper sulfate, and the addition amount is 200-500 g / t, where g / t is calculated based on the mass of the raw ore; the zinc collector is at least one of butyl xanthate and ethylthiocarbamate, and the addition amount of the zinc collector is 60-120 g / t, where g / t is calculated based on the mass of the raw ore;

[0026] A sulfur inhibitor is added to the zinc concentration I to perform lead concentration I; the sulfur inhibitor is lime, and the amount used is 250 to 1000 g / t, where g / t is calculated based on the mass of the original ore;

[0027] A sulfur inhibitor is added to the zinc concentration II to perform lead concentration II; the sulfur inhibitor is lime, and the amount used is 100 to 500 g / t, where g / t is calculated based on the mass of the original ore;

[0028] The zinc selection III is blank selection;

[0029] A zinc collector is added to the zinc scavenging I to carry out lead scavenging I; the zinc collector is at least one of butyl xanthate and ethylthiocarbamate, and the amount used is 30-60 g / t, where g / t is calculated based on the mass of the original ore;

[0030] A zinc collector is added to the zinc scavenging II to carry out lead scavenging II; the zinc collector is at least one of butyl xanthate and ethylthiocarbamate, and the amount used is 15-30 g / t, where g / t is calculated based on the mass of the original ore;

[0031] Principle of the present invention:

[0032] For lead-zinc sulfide ores containing amorphous carbon, lauryl polyether is used as an emulsifier for kerosene to synthesize a carbon collector, taking advantage of the amorphous carbon's fine particle size, low density, and strong surface hydrophobicity. This enhances the dispersion of the kerosene in the ore slurry and increases its effective concentration. After the carbon collector acts, it is pre-removed using the advantages of a table flotation shaker, preventing it from entering the flotation process of the lead-zinc sulfide ore. Furthermore, due to the density differences between lead-zinc sulfide minerals and gangue minerals such as calcite, quartz, dolomite, mica, and chlorite, the table flotation process is used to separate some of the finer, less dense gangue minerals, significantly improving the lead and zinc grades entering the flotation of the lead-zinc sulfide ore and facilitating the production of high-quality lead and zinc concentrates.

[0033] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0034] (1) The method of the present invention uses lauryl polyether as an emulsifier for kerosene to synthesize a carbon collector, effectively avoiding the adverse consequences of excessive reagent consumption and low flotation recovery rate of lead-zinc sulfide minerals caused by amorphous carbon;

[0035] (2) The method of the present invention adopts the table flotation process to improve the lead and zinc grades entering the flotation of the lead-zinc sulfide ore, saves the consumption of reagents in the flotation process of the lead-zinc sulfide ore, helps to recover the lead-zinc sulfide minerals, and is conducive to obtaining high-quality lead and zinc concentrates;

[0036] (3) The process flow of the present invention is simple and easy to industrially produce, and can effectively avoid the adverse effects of amorphous carbon on lead and zinc flotation, thereby obtaining better lead and zinc flotation indicators. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the process of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] A carbon-containing lead-zinc sulfide ore has a Pb grade of 0.36%, a Zn grade of 2.59%, and an amorphous carbon content of 0.87%. The method of the present invention is used for gravity-flotation combined beneficiation, which includes the following steps:

[0039] S1. Crushing and grinding the raw ore to obtain a ground ore product; the obtained ground ore product has a particle size of -0.074 mm accounting for 70%;

[0040] S2. After adding a carbon collector and a frother to the grinding product obtained in step S1, slurry is prepared, and then the slurry is transported to a table flotation table to obtain a table flotation table concentrate and carbon-containing tailings;

[0041] The carbon collector is a mixture of kerosene and lauryl polyether, wherein the mass ratio of kerosene to lauryl polyether is 16:4, and the addition amount is 10 g / t, where g / t is calculated based on the mass of the original ore;

[0042] The foaming agent is pine oil, and the addition amount is 10g / t, where g / t is calculated based on the mass of the original ore.

[0043] S3 step S2 obtained by the table flotation shaker concentrate into the flotation system, the roughing, scavenging, selection, lead concentrate and lead tailings selection;

[0044] performing lead roughing on the table flotation table concentrate obtained in step S2 to obtain lead roughing concentrate and lead roughing tailings;

[0045] The lead rougher concentrate is subjected to three lead concentrations: lead concentration II uses the lead concentrate 1 obtained from lead concentration I as raw material, and lead concentration III uses the lead concentrate 2 obtained from lead concentration II as raw material; the concentrate obtained from lead concentration III is used as lead concentrate; the tailings obtained from lead concentration III are returned to the flotation of lead concentration II; the tailings obtained from lead concentration II are returned to the flotation of lead concentration I; and the tailings obtained from lead concentration I are returned to the lead rougher concentrate;

[0046] The lead roughing tailings are subjected to two lead scavenging processes. The lead scavenging tailings 1 obtained from the lead scavenging I are used as raw materials in the lead scavenging II; the lead scavenging concentrate 1 obtained from the lead scavenging I is returned to the flotation of the lead roughing; the lead scavenging concentrate 2 obtained from the lead scavenging II is returned to the flotation of the lead scavenging I; and the tailings obtained from the lead scavenging II are used as lead selection tailings.

[0047] In the lead roughing, a sulfur inhibitor, a zinc inhibitor, a lead collector and a foaming agent are sequentially added to perform lead roughing; wherein the foaming agent is pine oil, and the addition amount is 10 g / t, where g / t is calculated based on the mass of the raw ore; the sulfur inhibitor is lime, and the addition amount is 1000 g / t, where g / t is calculated based on the mass of the raw ore; the zinc inhibitor is a combination of zinc sulfate and sodium sulfite, and the addition amount of zinc sulfate is 400 g / t, and the addition amount of sodium sulfite is 200 g / t, where g / t is calculated based on the mass of the raw ore; the lead collector is butylamine black medicine, and the addition amount is 50 g / t, where g / t is calculated based on the mass of the raw ore;

[0048] A sulfur inhibitor and a zinc inhibitor are sequentially added to the lead concentration I to perform lead concentration I; wherein the sulfur inhibitor is lime, and the amount used is 500 g / t, where g / t is calculated based on the mass of the original ore; and the zinc inhibitor is a combination of zinc sulfate and sodium sulfite, and the amount of zinc sulfate added is 200 g / t, and the amount of sodium sulfite added is 100 g / t, where g / t is calculated based on the mass of the original ore;

[0049] A sulfur inhibitor and a zinc inhibitor are sequentially added to the lead concentration II to perform lead concentration II; wherein the sulfur inhibitor is lime, and the amount used is 250 g / t, where g / t is calculated based on the mass of the original ore; and the zinc inhibitor is a combination of zinc sulfate and sodium sulfite, and the amount of zinc sulfate added is 100 g / t, and the amount of sodium sulfite added is 50 g / t, where g / t is calculated based on the mass of the original ore;

[0050] The lead selection III is blank selection;

[0051] A lead collector is added to the lead scavenging I to carry out lead scavenging I; the lead collector is butylamine black medicine, and the amount used is 25g / t, where g / t is calculated based on the mass of the original ore;

[0052] A lead collector is added to the lead scavenging II to carry out lead scavenging II; the lead collector is butylamine black medicine, and the amount used is 10g / t, where g / t is calculated based on the mass of the original ore;

[0053] S4. The lead tailings obtained in step S3 are subjected to roughing, scavenging and concentrating to obtain zinc concentrate and tailings.

[0054] performing zinc roughing on the lead tailings obtained in step S3 to obtain zinc roughing concentrate and zinc roughing tailings;

[0055] The zinc rougher concentrate is subjected to three zinc concentrations. Zinc Concentration II uses the zinc concentrate 1 obtained from Zinc Concentration I as raw material, and Zinc Concentration III uses the zinc concentrate 2 obtained from Zinc Concentration II as raw material; the concentrate obtained from Zinc Concentration III is used as zinc concentrate; the tailings obtained from Zinc Concentration III are returned to the flotation of Zinc Concentration II; the tailings obtained from Zinc Concentration II are returned to the flotation of Zinc Concentration I; and the tailings obtained from Zinc Concentration I are returned to the zinc rougher;

[0056] The zinc rougher tailings are subjected to two zinc scavenging processes. Zinc scavenging II uses the zinc scavenging tailings 1 obtained from zinc scavenging I as raw material; the zinc scavenging concentrate 1 obtained from zinc scavenging I is returned to the flotation of the zinc rougher; the zinc scavenging concentrate 2 obtained from zinc scavenging II is returned to the flotation of zinc scavenging I; and the tailings obtained from zinc scavenging II are used as the final tailings.

[0057] In the zinc roughing, a sulfur inhibitor, a zinc activator, a zinc collector and a foaming agent are sequentially added to perform zinc roughing; wherein the foaming agent is pine oil, and the addition amount is 10 g / t, where g / t is calculated based on the mass of the raw ore; the sulfur inhibitor is lime, and the addition amount is 500 g / t, where g / t is calculated based on the mass of the raw ore; the zinc activator is copper sulfate, and the addition amount is 200 g / t, where g / t is calculated based on the mass of the raw ore; and the zinc collector is xanthate, and the addition amount is 60 g / t, where g / t is calculated based on the mass of the raw ore;

[0058] A sulfur inhibitor is added to the zinc concentration I to perform lead concentration I; the sulfur inhibitor is lime, and the amount used is 250g / t, where g / t is calculated based on the mass of the original ore;

[0059] A sulfur inhibitor is added to the zinc concentration II to perform lead concentration II; the sulfur inhibitor is lime, and the amount used is 100g / t, where g / t is calculated based on the mass of the original ore;

[0060] The zinc selection III is blank selection;

[0061] A zinc collector is added to the zinc scavenging I to carry out lead scavenging I; the zinc collector is butyl xanthate, and the amount used is 30g / t, where g / t is calculated based on the mass of the original ore;

[0062] A zinc collector is added to the zinc scavenging II to carry out lead scavenging II; the zinc collector is butyl xanthate, and the amount used is 15g / t, where g / t is calculated based on the mass of the original ore;

[0063] The experimental results are shown in Table 1.

[0064] Table 1 Flotation test results / %

[0065]

[0066]

[0067] Comparative Example 1

[0068] Other conditions were consistent with those in Example 1, except that the table flotation process for removing amorphous carbon in step S2 was not performed, and lead and zinc flotation recovery was directly carried out. The test results are shown in Table 2.

[0069] Table 2 Flotation test results / %

[0070]

[0071] Comparative Example 2

[0072] Other conditions were the same as those in Example 1, except that the carbon collector was only kerosene. The test results are shown in Table 3.

[0073] Table 3 Flotation test results / %

[0074]

[0075]

[0076] Example 2

[0077] A carbon-containing lead-zinc sulfide ore has a Pb grade of 1.07%, a Zn grade of 2.98%, and an amorphous carbon content of 1.24%. The method of the present invention is used for gravity-flotation combined beneficiation, which includes the following steps:

[0078] S1. Crushing and grinding the raw ore to obtain a ground ore product; the obtained ground ore product has a particle size of -0.074 mm accounting for 90%;

[0079] S2. After adding a carbon collector and a frother to the milled product obtained in step S1, slurry is prepared, and the slurry is then transported to a table flotation table to obtain a table flotation table concentrate and carbon-containing tailings;

[0080] The carbon collector is a mixture of kerosene and lauryl polyether, wherein the mass ratio of kerosene to lauryl polyether is 19:1 and the addition amount is 20 g / t, where g / t is calculated based on the mass of the original ore;

[0081] The foaming agent is pine oil, and the addition amount is 20g / t, where g / t is calculated based on the mass of the original ore.

[0082] S3 step S2 obtained by the table flotation shaker concentrate into the flotation system, the roughing, scavenging, selection, lead concentrate and lead tailings selection;

[0083] performing lead roughing on the table flotation table concentrate obtained in step S2 to obtain lead roughing concentrate and lead roughing tailings;

[0084] The lead rougher concentrate is subjected to three lead concentrations: lead concentration II uses lead concentrate 1 obtained from lead concentration I as raw material, and lead concentration III uses lead concentrate 2 obtained from lead concentration II as raw material; the concentrate obtained from lead concentration III is used as lead concentrate; the tailings obtained from lead concentration III are returned to the flotation of lead concentration II; the tailings obtained from lead concentration II are returned to the flotation of lead concentration I; and the tailings obtained from lead concentration I are returned to the lead rougher concentrate;

[0085] The lead roughing tailings are subjected to two lead scavenging processes. The lead scavenging tailings 1 obtained from the lead scavenging I are used as raw materials in the lead scavenging II; the lead scavenging concentrate 1 obtained from the lead scavenging I is returned to the flotation of the lead roughing; the lead scavenging concentrate 2 obtained from the lead scavenging II is returned to the flotation of the lead scavenging I; and the tailings obtained from the lead scavenging II are used as lead selection tailings.

[0086] In the lead roughing, a sulfur inhibitor, a zinc inhibitor, a lead collector and a foaming agent are sequentially added to perform lead roughing; wherein the foaming agent is methyl isobutyl carbinol, and the addition amount is 20 g / t, where g / t is calculated based on the mass of the raw ore; the sulfur inhibitor is lime, and the addition amount is 3000 g / t, where g / t is calculated based on the mass of the raw ore; the zinc inhibitor is a combination of zinc sulfate and sodium sulfite, and the addition amount of zinc sulfate is 1000 g / t, and the addition amount of sodium sulfite is 500 g / t, where g / t is calculated based on the mass of the raw ore; the lead collector is ethyl thiocyanate, and the addition amount is 80 g / t, where g / t is calculated based on the mass of the raw ore;

[0087] A sulfur inhibitor and a zinc inhibitor are sequentially added to the lead concentration I to perform lead concentration I; wherein the sulfur inhibitor is lime, and the amount used is 1000 g / t, where g / t is calculated based on the mass of the original ore; the zinc inhibitor is a combination of zinc sulfate and sodium sulfite, and the amount of zinc sulfate added is 500 g / t, and the amount of sodium sulfite added is 250 g / t, where g / t is calculated based on the mass of the original ore;

[0088] A sulfur inhibitor and a zinc inhibitor are sequentially added to the lead concentration II to perform lead concentration II; wherein the sulfur inhibitor is lime, and the amount used is 300 g / t, where g / t is calculated based on the mass of the original ore; and the zinc inhibitor is a combination of zinc sulfate and sodium sulfite, and the amount of zinc sulfate added is 250 g / t, and the amount of sodium sulfite added is 125 g / t, where g / t is calculated based on the mass of the original ore;

[0089] The lead selection III is blank selection;

[0090] A lead collector is added to the lead scavenging I to carry out lead scavenging I; the lead collector is ethyl thiocyanate, and the amount used is 40g / t, where g / t is calculated based on the mass of the original ore;

[0091] A lead collector is added to the lead scavenging II to carry out lead scavenging II; the lead collector is ethyl thiocyanate, and the amount used is 20g / t, where g / t is calculated based on the mass of the original ore;

[0092] S4. The lead tailings obtained in step S3 are subjected to roughing, scavenging and concentrating to obtain zinc concentrate and tailings.

[0093] performing zinc roughing on the lead tailings obtained in step S3 to obtain zinc roughing concentrate and zinc roughing tailings;

[0094] The zinc rougher concentrate is subjected to three zinc concentrations. Zinc Concentration II uses the zinc concentrate 1 obtained from Zinc Concentration I as raw material, and Zinc Concentration III uses the zinc concentrate 2 obtained from Zinc Concentration II as raw material; the concentrate obtained from Zinc Concentration III is used as zinc concentrate; the tailings obtained from Zinc Concentration III are returned to the flotation of Zinc Concentration II; the tailings obtained from Zinc Concentration II are returned to the flotation of Zinc Concentration I; and the tailings obtained from Zinc Concentration I are returned to the zinc rougher;

[0095] The zinc rougher tailings are subjected to two zinc scavenging processes. Zinc scavenging II uses the zinc scavenging tailings 1 obtained from zinc scavenging I as raw material; the zinc scavenging concentrate 1 obtained from zinc scavenging I is returned to the flotation of the zinc rougher; the zinc scavenging concentrate 2 obtained from zinc scavenging II is returned to the flotation of zinc scavenging I; and the tailings obtained from zinc scavenging II are used as the final tailings.

[0096] In the zinc roughing, a sulfur inhibitor, a zinc activator, a zinc collector and a foaming agent are sequentially added to perform zinc roughing; wherein the foaming agent is methyl isobutyl carbinol, and the addition amount is 20 g / t, g / t is calculated based on the mass of the raw ore; the sulfur inhibitor is lime, and the addition amount is 1500 g / t, g / t is calculated based on the mass of the raw ore; the zinc activator is copper sulfate, and the addition amount is 300 g / t, g / t is calculated based on the mass of the raw ore; the zinc collector is ethylthiocarbamate, and the addition amount is 90 g / t, g / t is calculated based on the mass of the raw ore;

[0097] A sulfur inhibitor is added to the zinc concentration I to perform lead concentration I; the sulfur inhibitor is lime, and the amount used is 800g / t, where g / t is calculated based on the mass of the original ore;

[0098] A sulfur inhibitor is added to the zinc concentration II to perform lead concentration II; the sulfur inhibitor is lime, and the amount used is 400g / t, where g / t is calculated based on the mass of the original ore;

[0099] The zinc selection III is blank selection;

[0100] A zinc collector is added to the zinc scavenging I to carry out lead scavenging I; the zinc collector is ethylthiocarbamate, and the addition amount is 45g / t, where g / t is calculated based on the mass of the original ore;

[0101] A zinc collector is added to the zinc scavenging II to carry out lead scavenging II; the zinc collector is ethylthiocarbamate, and the addition amount is 25g / t, where g / t is calculated based on the mass of the original ore;

[0102] The experimental results are shown in Table 4.

[0103] Table 4 Flotation test results / %

[0104]

[0105] Comparative Example 3

[0106] Other conditions were consistent with those in Example 2, except that the table flotation process for removing amorphous carbon in step S2 was not performed, and lead and zinc flotation recovery was directly carried out. The test results are shown in Table 5.

[0107] Table 5 Flotation test results / %

[0108]

[0109] Comparative Example 4

[0110] Other conditions are consistent with those in Example 2, except that the carbon collector is only kerosene. The test results are shown in Table 6.

[0111] Table 6 Flotation test results / %

[0112]

[0113] Example 3

[0114] A carbon-containing lead-zinc sulfide ore has a Pb grade of 2.31%, a Zn grade of 13.66%, and an amorphous carbon content of 1.88%. The method of the present invention is used for gravity-flotation combined beneficiation, which includes the following steps:

[0115] S1. Crushing and grinding the raw ore to obtain a ground ore product; the obtained ground ore product has a particle size of -0.074 mm accounting for 80%;

[0116] S2. After adding a carbon collector and a frother to the milled product obtained in step S1, slurry is prepared, and the slurry is then transported to a table flotation table to obtain a table flotation table concentrate and carbon-containing tailings;

[0117] The carbon collector is a mixture of kerosene and lauryl polyether, wherein the mass ratio of kerosene to lauryl polyether is 18:2 and the addition amount is 30 g / t, where g / t is calculated based on the mass of the original ore;

[0118] The foaming agent is pine oil, and the addition amount is 30g / t, where g / t is calculated based on the mass of the original ore.

[0119] S3 step S2 obtained by the table flotation shaker concentrate into the flotation system, the roughing, scavenging, selection, lead concentrate and lead tailings selection;

[0120] performing lead roughing on the table flotation table concentrate obtained in step S2 to obtain lead roughing concentrate and lead roughing tailings;

[0121] The lead rougher concentrate is subjected to three lead concentrations: lead concentration II uses the lead concentrate 1 obtained from lead concentration I as raw material, and lead concentration III uses the lead concentrate 2 obtained from lead concentration II as raw material; the concentrate obtained from lead concentration III is used as lead concentrate; the tailings obtained from lead concentration III are returned to the flotation of lead concentration II; the tailings obtained from lead concentration II are returned to the flotation of lead concentration I; and the tailings obtained from lead concentration I are returned to the lead rougher concentrate;

[0122] The lead roughing tailings are subjected to two lead scavenging processes. The lead scavenging tailings 1 obtained from the lead scavenging I are used as raw materials in the lead scavenging II; the lead scavenging concentrate 1 obtained from the lead scavenging I is returned to the flotation of the lead roughing; the lead scavenging concentrate 2 obtained from the lead scavenging II is returned to the flotation of the lead scavenging I; and the tailings obtained from the lead scavenging II are used as lead selection tailings.

[0123] In the lead roughing, a sulfur inhibitor, a zinc inhibitor, a lead collector and a foaming agent are sequentially added to perform lead roughing; wherein the foaming agent is pine oil, and the addition amount is 30 g / t, where g / t is calculated based on the mass of the raw ore; the sulfur inhibitor is lime, and the addition amount is 6000 g / t, where g / t is calculated based on the mass of the raw ore; the zinc inhibitor is a combination of zinc sulfate and sodium sulfite, and the addition amount of zinc sulfate is 2000 g / t, and the addition amount of sodium sulfite is 1000 g / t, where g / t is calculated based on the mass of the raw ore; and the lead collector is ethyl xanthate, and the addition amount is 100 g / t, where g / t is calculated based on the mass of the raw ore;

[0124] A sulfur inhibitor and a zinc inhibitor are sequentially added to the lead concentration I to perform lead concentration I; wherein the sulfur inhibitor is lime, and the amount used is 1500 g / t, where g / t is calculated based on the mass of the original ore; and the zinc inhibitor is a combination of zinc sulfate and sodium sulfite, and the amount of zinc sulfate added is 500 g / t, and the amount of sodium sulfite added is 250 g / t, where g / t is calculated based on the mass of the original ore;

[0125] A sulfur inhibitor and a zinc inhibitor are sequentially added to the lead concentration II to perform lead concentration II; wherein the sulfur inhibitor is lime, and the amount used is 750 g / t, where g / t is calculated based on the mass of the original ore; the zinc inhibitor is a combination of zinc sulfate and sodium sulfite, and the amount of zinc sulfate added is 250 g / t, and the amount of sodium sulfite added is 125 g / t, where g / t is calculated based on the mass of the original ore;

[0126] The lead selection III is blank selection;

[0127] A lead collector is added to the lead scavenging I to carry out lead scavenging I; the lead collector is ethyl xanthate, and the amount used is 50g / t, where g / t is calculated based on the mass of the original ore;

[0128] A lead collector is added to the lead scavenging II to carry out lead scavenging II; the lead collector is ethyl xanthate, and the amount used is 25g / t, where g / t is calculated based on the mass of the original ore;

[0129] S4. The lead tailings obtained in step S3 are subjected to roughing, scavenging and concentrating to obtain zinc concentrate and tailings.

[0130] performing zinc roughing on the lead tailings obtained in step S3 to obtain zinc roughing concentrate and zinc roughing tailings;

[0131] The zinc rougher concentrate is subjected to three zinc concentrations. Zinc Concentration II uses the zinc concentrate 1 obtained from Zinc Concentration I as raw material, and Zinc Concentration III uses the zinc concentrate 2 obtained from Zinc Concentration II as raw material; the concentrate obtained from Zinc Concentration III is used as zinc concentrate; the tailings obtained from Zinc Concentration III are returned to the flotation of Zinc Concentration II; the tailings obtained from Zinc Concentration II are returned to the flotation of Zinc Concentration I; and the tailings obtained from Zinc Concentration I are returned to the zinc rougher;

[0132] The zinc rougher tailings are subjected to two zinc scavenging processes. Zinc scavenging II uses the zinc scavenging tailings 1 obtained from zinc scavenging I as raw material; the zinc scavenging concentrate 1 obtained from zinc scavenging I is returned to the flotation of the zinc rougher; the zinc scavenging concentrate 2 obtained from zinc scavenging II is returned to the flotation of zinc scavenging I; and the tailings obtained from zinc scavenging II are used as the final tailings.

[0133] In the zinc roughing, a sulfur inhibitor, a zinc activator, a zinc collector and a foaming agent are sequentially added to perform zinc roughing; wherein the foaming agent is pine oil, the addition amount is 30 g / t, g / t is calculated based on the mass of the original ore; the sulfur inhibitor is lime, the addition amount is 2000 g / t, g / t is calculated based on the mass of the original ore; the zinc activator is copper sulfate, the addition amount is 500 g / t, g / t is calculated based on the mass of the original ore; the zinc collector is xanthate, the addition amount is 120 g / t, g / t is calculated based on the mass of the original ore;

[0134] A sulfur inhibitor is added to the zinc concentration I to perform lead concentration I; the sulfur inhibitor is lime, and the amount used is 1000g / t, where g / t is calculated based on the mass of the original ore;

[0135] A sulfur inhibitor is added to the zinc concentration II to perform lead concentration II; the sulfur inhibitor is lime, and the amount used is 500g / t, where g / t is calculated based on the mass of the original ore;

[0136] The zinc selection III is blank selection;

[0137] A zinc collector is added to the zinc scavenging I to carry out lead scavenging I; the zinc collector is butyl xanthate, and the amount used is 60g / t, where g / t is calculated based on the mass of the original ore;

[0138] A zinc collector is added to the zinc scavenging II to carry out lead scavenging II; the zinc collector is butyl xanthate, and the amount used is 30g / t, where g / t is calculated based on the mass of the original ore;

[0139] The experimental results are shown in Table 7.

[0140] Table 7 Flotation test results / %

[0141]

[0142] Comparative Example 5

[0143] Other conditions were consistent with those in Example 3, except that the table flotation process for removing amorphous carbon in step S2 was not performed, and lead and zinc flotation recovery was directly carried out. The test results are shown in Table 8.

[0144] Table 8 Flotation test results / %

[0145]

[0146] Comparative Example 6

[0147] Other conditions are consistent with those in Example 3, except that the carbon collector is only kerosene. The test results are shown in Table 9.

[0148] Table 9 Flotation test results / %

[0149]

[0150] In summary, it can be seen that direct lead-zinc flotation recovery without removing amorphous carbon is difficult to effectively recover lead-zinc sulfide minerals. Furthermore, using only kerosene as a carbon collector also affects the lead and zinc recovery rates. Using a mixture of kerosene and lauryl alcohol polyether in a mass ratio of 16:4 to 19:1 as a carbon collector and removing amorphous carbon using a table flotation process, efficient flotation recovery of lead-zinc sulfide minerals can be achieved.

Claims

1. A combined gravity-flotation beneficiation method for carbon-containing lead-zinc sulfide ores, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. Crushing and grinding the raw ore to obtain a grinding product; S2. After adding a carbon collector and a frother to the grinding product obtained in step S1, slurry is prepared, and the slurry is then transported to a table flotation table to obtain a table flotation table concentrate and carbon-containing tailings; S3 step S2 obtained by the table flotation shaker concentrate into the flotation system, the roughing, scavenging, selection, lead concentrate and lead tailings selection; S4. The lead tailings obtained in step S3 are subjected to roughing, scavenging and selection to obtain zinc concentrate and tailings; In step S1, the -0.074 mm particle size accounts for 70% to 90% of the grinding product; In step S2, the carbon collector is a mixture of kerosene and lauryl polyether, wherein the mass ratio of kerosene to lauryl polyether is 16:4-19:1, and the addition amount is 10-30 g / t, where g / t is calculated based on the mass of the original ore; The foaming agent is at least one of pine oil or methyl isobutyl carbinol, and the addition amount is 10-30 g / t, where g / t is calculated based on the mass of the original ore; Step S3 includes one lead roughing process, two lead sweeping processes and three lead cleaning processes, specifically: First, the table flotation table concentrate obtained in step S2 is subjected to lead roughing to obtain lead roughing concentrate and lead roughing tailings; The lead rougher concentrate is subjected to three lead concentrations: lead concentration II uses the lead concentrate 1 obtained from lead concentration I as raw material, and lead concentration III uses the lead concentrate 2 obtained from lead concentration II as raw material; the concentrate obtained from lead concentration III is used as lead concentrate; the tailings obtained from lead concentration III are returned to the flotation of lead concentration II; the tailings obtained from lead concentration II are returned to the flotation of lead concentration I; and the tailings obtained from lead concentration I are returned to the lead rougher concentrate; The lead roughing tailings are subjected to two lead scavenging operations. The lead scavenging tailings 1 obtained from the lead scavenging I are used as raw materials in the lead scavenging II. The lead scavenging concentrate 1 obtained from the lead scavenging I is returned to the flotation of the lead roughing. The lead scavenging concentrate 2 obtained from the lead scavenging II is returned to the flotation of the lead scavenging I. The tailings obtained from the lead scavenging II are used as lead beneficiation tailings. In the lead roughing process, a sulfur inhibitor, a zinc inhibitor, a lead collector and a foaming agent are sequentially added to perform lead roughing; wherein the foaming agent is at least one of pine oil or methyl isobutyl carbinol, and the addition amount is 10-30 g / t, where g / t is calculated based on the mass of the raw ore; the sulfur inhibitor is lime, and the addition amount is 1000-6000 g / t, where g / t is calculated based on the mass of the raw ore; the zinc inhibitor is a combination of zinc sulfate and sodium sulfite, and the mass ratio of zinc sulfate to sodium sulfite is 2:1, the addition amount of zinc sulfate is 400-2000 g / t, and the addition amount of sodium sulfite is 200-1000 g / t, where g / t is calculated based on the mass of the raw ore; the lead collector is at least one of ethylthiocarbamate, butylamine black medicine and ethyl xanthate, and the addition amount of the lead collector is 50-100 g / t, where g / t is calculated based on the mass of the raw ore; A sulfur inhibitor and a zinc inhibitor are sequentially added to the lead concentration I to perform lead concentration I; wherein the sulfur inhibitor is lime, and the amount used is 500-1500 g / t, where g / t is calculated based on the mass of the original ore; the zinc inhibitor is a combination of zinc sulfate and sodium sulfite, and the mass ratio of zinc sulfate to sodium sulfite is 2:1, the amount of zinc sulfate added is 200-500 g / t, and the amount of sodium sulfite added is 100-250 g / t, where g / t is calculated based on the mass of the original ore; A sulfur inhibitor and a zinc inhibitor are sequentially added to the lead concentration II to perform lead concentration II; wherein the sulfur inhibitor is lime, and the amount used is 250-750 g / t, where g / t is calculated based on the mass of the original ore; the zinc inhibitor is a combination of zinc sulfate and sodium sulfite, and the mass ratio of zinc sulfate to sodium sulfite is 2:1, the amount of zinc sulfate added is 100-250 g / t, and the amount of sodium sulfite added is 50-125 g / t, where g / t is calculated based on the mass of the original ore; The lead selection III is blank selection; A lead collector is added to the lead scavenging I to carry out lead scavenging I; the lead collector is at least one of ethylthiocyanate, butylamine black medicine, and ethyl xanthate, and the amount of the lead collector added is 25-50 g / t, where g / t is calculated based on the mass of the original ore; A lead collector is added to the lead scavenging II to carry out lead scavenging II; the lead collector is at least one of ethylthiocyanate, butylamine black medicine, and ethyl xanthate, and the amount of the lead collector added is 10-25 g / t, where g / t is calculated based on the mass of the original ore.

2. The gravity-flotation combined beneficiation method for carbon-containing lead-zinc sulfide ore according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S4 includes one zinc roughing selection, two zinc scavenging selections and three zinc cleaning selections, specifically: First, zinc roughing is performed on the lead tailings obtained in step S3 to obtain zinc roughing concentrate and zinc roughing tailings; The zinc rougher concentrate is subjected to three zinc concentrations. Zinc Concentration II uses the zinc concentrate 1 obtained from Zinc Concentration I as raw material, and Zinc Concentration III uses the zinc concentrate 2 obtained from Zinc Concentration II as raw material; the concentrate obtained from Zinc Concentration III is used as zinc concentrate; the tailings obtained from Zinc Concentration III are returned to the flotation of Zinc Concentration II; the tailings obtained from Zinc Concentration II are returned to the flotation of Zinc Concentration I; and the tailings obtained from Zinc Concentration I are returned to the zinc rougher; The zinc rougher tailings are subjected to two zinc scavenging processes. Zinc scavenging II uses the zinc scavenging tailings 1 obtained from zinc scavenging I as raw material; the zinc scavenging concentrate 1 obtained from zinc scavenging I is returned to the flotation of the zinc rougher; the zinc scavenging concentrate 2 obtained from zinc scavenging II is returned to the flotation of zinc scavenging I; and the tailings obtained from zinc scavenging II are used as the final tailings.

3. The gravity-flotation combined beneficiation method for carbon-containing lead-zinc sulfide ore according to claim 2, characterized in that: The zinc roughing is performed by sequentially adding a sulfur inhibitor, a zinc activator, a zinc collector, and a foaming agent; wherein the foaming agent is at least one of pine oil or methyl isobutyl carbinol, and the addition amount is 10-30 g / t, where g / t is calculated based on the mass of the raw ore; the sulfur inhibitor is lime, and the addition amount is 500-2000 g / t, where g / t is calculated based on the mass of the raw ore; the zinc activator is copper sulfate, and the addition amount is 200-500 g / t, where g / t is calculated based on the mass of the raw ore; the zinc collector is at least one of butyl xanthate and ethylthiocarbamate, and the addition amount of the zinc collector is 60-120 g / t, where g / t is calculated based on the mass of the raw ore; A sulfur inhibitor is added to the zinc concentration I to perform zinc concentration I; the sulfur inhibitor is lime, and the amount used is 250-1000 g / t, where g / t is calculated based on the mass of the original ore; A sulfur inhibitor is added to the zinc concentration II to carry out zinc concentration II; the sulfur inhibitor is lime, and the amount used is 100-500 g / t, where g / t is calculated based on the mass of the original ore; The zinc selection III is blank selection; A zinc collector is added to the zinc scavenging I to carry out zinc scavenging I; the zinc collector is at least one of butyl xanthate and ethylthiocarbamate, and the amount of the zinc collector added is 30-60 g / t, where g / t is calculated based on the mass of the original ore; A zinc collector is added to the zinc scavenging II to carry out zinc scavenging II; the zinc collector is at least one of butyl xanthate and ethylthiocarbamate, and the amount of the zinc collector added is 15-30 g / t, where g / t is calculated based on the mass of the original ore.

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