Intelligent telescopic main shaft for boring and milling machine capable of automatically loading and unloading accessories

Abstract

The invention discloses an intelligent telescopic main shaft for a boring and milling machine capable of automatically loading and unloading accessories, and relates to the technical field of numerical control boring and milling machines, the intelligent telescopic main shaft comprises a telescopic main shaft assembly, the telescopic main shaft assembly comprises a shaft seat mechanism and a shaft rod mechanism, and the shaft rod mechanism is inserted into the shaft seat mechanism in a telescopic mode; a loading and unloading assembly is arranged on the shaft seat mechanism, the loading and unloading assembly comprises a butt joint mechanism used for automatically loading and unloading accessories, the butt joint mechanism comprises a first butt joint plate, air cylinders are fixedly inserted into the corners of the surface of the first butt joint plate respectively, and the output ends of the air cylinders are jointly connected with a second butt joint plate right opposite to the first butt joint plate; electric rails which are annularly arranged are uniformly and fixedly embedded in the surface of the side, away from the first butt-joint plate, of the second butt-joint plate at equal intervals, and a loading and unloading clamping arm assembly is inserted into each electric rail in a sliding mode; according to the intelligent telescopic spindle for the boring and milling machine capable of automatically loading and unloading the accessories, automatic butt-assembling of the accessories is completed, and the automation performance is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of numerically controlled boring and milling machines, in particular to an intelligent telescopic spindle for a boring and milling machine capable of automatically loading and unloading accessories. Background Art

[0002] A boring and milling machine is a high-precision metal cutting machine tool, mainly used for boring, milling, drilling and other processing operations on workpieces. Its core functions include: hole processing: high-precision cylindrical holes, stepped holes, and deep holes; plane or curved surface processing: complex contour processing through milling; multi-process integration: boring, milling, drilling, reaming and other processes can be completed in one clamping.

[0003] During the machining process of CNC boring and milling machines, a motor drive is used to drive the spindle to rotate, which in turn drives the cutting or grinding device at the spindle port to rotate, and then processes the parts below. In the prior art, a fixed spindle is mostly used to drive the processing punch and other devices above it. When it comes to different machining requirements or different parts, the position of the parts or devices to be processed needs to be constantly adjusted. Some parts or devices are heavy and inconvenient to move.

[0004] The patent with announcement number CN217798988U discloses a telescopic spindle for a CNC boring and milling machine, including a connecting plate and a milling machine docking seat, a plurality of limit rods are fixedly arranged on the outer periphery of the connecting plate, a flange is fixedly arranged on the right side of the connecting plate, a plurality of fastening bolts are screwed on the flange, a fixed outer shaft is fixedly arranged in the middle of the right side of the connecting plate, a fixed sleeve is fixedly arranged on the right end of the fixed outer shaft, a cavity is arranged inside the fixed outer shaft, a telescopic inner shaft is slidably arranged inside the fixed outer shaft, a connecting block is fixedly arranged on the right end of the telescopic inner shaft, fixing screws are arranged on the upper and lower ends of the left end of the fixed sleeve, the fixed sleeve is fixed to the right end of the fixed outer shaft by fixing screws, a button is slidably arranged in the middle of the top of the fixed sleeve, and a reset spring is fixedly arranged below the button. A fixed outer shaft and a telescopic inner shaft screwed thereto are arranged on the right side to adjust the distance between the connecting block and the CNC boring and milling machine, so as to be more stable when performing operations such as overhang cutting and grinding.

[0005] In the above technical solution, the spindle is telescopically adjusted, but the connection between the spindle and its carrier still needs to be manually connected, which relies on manual operation, has low efficiency and is difficult to ensure precision. Therefore, in order to improve the level of automation and processing accuracy, an intelligent telescopic spindle for a boring and milling machine with automatic loading and unloading of accessories is designed to realize automatic loading and unloading of accessories. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an intelligent telescopic spindle for a boring and milling machine with automatic loading and unloading of accessories, so as to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: an intelligent telescopic spindle for a boring and milling machine with automatic loading and unloading of accessories, comprising a telescopic spindle assembly, the telescopic spindle assembly comprising a shaft seat mechanism and a shaft rod mechanism, the shaft rod mechanism being inserted into the shaft seat mechanism in a telescopic manner; the telescopic spindle assembly being movably inserted into the installation mechanism; The shaft seat mechanism is provided with a loading and unloading assembly, which includes a docking mechanism for automatically loading and unloading accessories, and the docking mechanism includes a first docking plate fixedly sleeved with the shaft seat mechanism, and cylinders are fixedly inserted at the surface corners of the first docking plate, and the output ends of the cylinders are commonly connected to a second docking plate directly opposite to the first docking plate; The second docking plate is evenly and evenly fixedly embedded with annularly arranged electric rails on a side surface away from the first docking plate, and a loading and unloading clamp arm assembly is slidably inserted in each of the electric rails; The loading and unloading clamp arm assembly includes a slider that slides and plugs into an electric rail. The surface of the slider is movably hinged with an articulated manipulator via an electric shaft. The end of the articulated manipulator away from the slider is movably hinged with an arm plate via an electric shaft. The surface of the arm plate is fixedly connected with a flexible convex pad with a built-in micro-pressure sensor.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a cleaning component is arranged between the first docking plate and the second docking plate and is sleeved on the outside of the shaft seat mechanism. The cleaning component includes two symmetrically arranged annular air bags, and the inner walls of the annular air bags are evenly and equidistantly fixed with air columns, and the ends of the air columns are embedded with dustproof nets, and the ends of the air columns are tilted toward the second docking plate.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the loading and unloading assembly also includes a matching mechanism assembled with the docking mechanism, the matching mechanism includes a sleeve shell adapted to fit the buckled shaft mechanism, the end face of the sleeve shell is provided with mounting holes for fixing with accessories, the side of the sleeve shell is evenly and equidistantly provided with annularly arranged card grooves, the card grooves are adapted to the flexible convex pads, the wall surface of the card groove on one side close to the second docking plate is vertical, and the wall surface of the card groove on one side away from the second docking plate is sloped.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the shaft seat mechanism includes a motor, the output end of the motor is fixedly connected to the machine shaft, and the end of the machine shaft away from the motor is fixedly connected to the main lead screw; The crankshaft is fixedly sleeved with a baffle; The outer side of the main screw is sleeved with an outer seat fixedly connected to the motor, the inner side of the end of the outer seat close to the motor is fixedly connected to a connecting ring adapted to the matching baffle plate, the end of the outer seat away from the motor is fixedly connected to a sealing ring, and the sealing ring and the connecting ring are evenly and evenly fixedly connected with sliding rods arranged in a ring shape; The outer seat is filled with lubricating oil.

[0011] The shaft mechanism comprises a shaft sleeve which is sleeved with the main lead screw in a positive position, a limit ring is fixedly sleeved with the middle part of the outer side of the shaft sleeve, and the slide rod passes through the limit ring; One end of the shaft sleeve is fixedly connected with a shaft rod adapted to be inserted through a sealing ring.

[0012] A planetary mechanism is arranged between the sleeve and the main screw, and the planetary mechanism includes roller assemblies arranged in an annular shape outside the main screw, each of the roller assemblies includes a planetary shaft, a secondary screw is fixedly sleeved in the middle of the planetary shaft, the secondary screw is meshed with the main screw and the sleeve, and gears are fixedly sleeved at both ends of the planetary shaft; The ends of the planetary shafts of the roller assembly are jointly mounted with a planetary carrier, a carrier ring is movably nested on the outer side of the planetary carrier, and a gasket is mounted between the planetary carrier and the carrier ring; The inner side of the frame ring is provided with teeth adapted to mesh with the gear, and the frame ring is fixedly nested in the end of the shaft sleeve.

[0013] A sealing mechanism for sealing is provided between the connecting ring and the crankshaft, and the sealing mechanism comprises a main sealing component and an auxiliary sealing component; The main sealing assembly includes a frame with an L-shaped steel frame built in, a connection ring is fixedly connected to the outside of the frame, an inner lip plate adapted to connect to the machine shaft is extended from the inner inner end of the frame, an outer lip plate for dust protection is extended from the inner outer end of the frame, and a sealing paste is filled between the inner lip plate and the outer lip plate; The outer end surface of the frame is fixedly connected with an annular adhesive ring, the inside of the adhesive ring is evenly and equidistantly embedded with pressure monitors, the pressure monitor is fixedly connected with a probe, and the probe penetrates the adhesive ring and the outer lip plate and extends into the sealing paste; The auxiliary sealing component comprises an outer ring adapted to be embedded in the frame, the outer ring is located on the inner end surface of the frame, and a ring gasket is embedded between the frame and the outer ring; An inner ring fixedly sleeved on the shaft is arranged inside the outer ring, and a spiral convex strip is fixedly connected to the outer side of the inner ring; The outer end surface of the convex strip is inclined, and the inner end surface of the convex strip is vertical and has a baffle extending therefrom.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: An intelligent telescopic spindle for a boring and milling machine with automatic loading and unloading of accessories. When the motor is started, the main screw rotates to drive the roller assembly to rotate and revolve along the axis of the main screw, and at the same time, it makes a linear motion relative to the axis of the main screw. The transmission pair friction is line contact rolling friction, which has a larger force area than point contact, thereby ensuring the transmission efficiency while improving the bearing capacity and pressure resistance of the telescopic spindle assembly and improving the working accuracy of the spindle.

[0015] An intelligent telescopic spindle for a boring and milling machine with automatic loading and unloading of accessories has an outer seat filled with lubricating oil, thereby reducing the movement friction between the main screw and the planetary mechanism and reducing the noise problem. During the extension and retraction of the telescopic spindle assembly, the lubricating oil in the outer seat is stirred by the movement of the planetary mechanism, which can effectively dissipate heat, assist the telescopic spindle assembly in working, and improve working performance.

[0016] An intelligent telescopic spindle for a boring and milling machine with automatic loading and unloading of accessories, the pressure of the sealing paste is greater than the pressure of the lubricating oil in the outer seat, and the pressure of the sealing paste is monitored in real time by a probe of a pressure monitor to improve dynamic sealing performance.

[0017] An intelligent telescopic spindle for a boring and milling machine with automatic loading and unloading of accessories. When a motor drives the machine shaft to rotate counterclockwise, the lubricating oil that penetrates into the secondary sealing component accumulates in a groove formed by an inner end surface and a baffle plate and will not be transported in the reverse direction, thereby improving the oil guiding capacity and further improving the sealing performance.

[0018] An intelligent telescopic spindle for a boring and milling machine with automatic loading and unloading of accessories is provided. The end of the telescopic spindle assembly is blown away dust by setting an inclined air column, and the accessories are cleaned before docking, thereby improving the self-cleaning ability.

[0019] The invention discloses an intelligent telescopic spindle for a boring and milling machine with automatic loading and unloading of accessories. A flexible convex pad is aligned with a slot of a housing and embedded therein, thereby automatically clamping the accessory. After the docking of the accessory is completed, the flexible convex pad is controlled by an electric shaft of a loading and unloading clamp arm assembly to be tightened toward a second docking plate. The wall of one side of the slot close to the second docking plate is vertical, thereby tightly clamping the matching mechanism and the accessory on the end of the shaft mechanism, completing the automatic docking of the accessory and improving the automation performance of the accessory assembly.

[0020] The invention discloses an intelligent telescopic spindle for a boring and milling machine with automatic loading and unloading of accessories. The telescopic spindle assembly is provided with a movable plug-in installation mechanism, and the telescopic spindle assembly can be moved up and down along the installation mechanism, so that the telescopic spindle assembly can be flexibly adjusted in the horizontal and vertical directions, thereby adapting to the installation of various accessories and improving the adaptability and use range of the telescopic spindle assembly. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the main part of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the telescopic main shaft assembly of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the interior of the telescopic spindle assembly of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the shaft seat mechanism of the present invention; Figure 6It is a schematic diagram of the position of the planetary mechanism of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the interior of the planetary mechanism of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the planetary mechanism of the present invention; Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the shaft mechanism of the present invention; Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of the position of the sealing mechanism of the present invention; Fig.11 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the sealing mechanism of the present invention; Fig.12 It is a schematic cross-sectional plane diagram of the convex strip of the present invention; Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of the docking mechanism of the present invention; Fig.14 It is a schematic diagram of the dust cleaning component of the present invention; Fig.15 This is a schematic diagram of a loading and unloading clamp arm assembly of the present invention; Fig.16 It is a schematic diagram of the supporting mechanism of the present invention.

[0022] In the figure: 1, shaft seat mechanism; 101, motor; 102, machine shaft; 103, main screw; 104, baffle; 105, outer seat; 106, connecting ring; 107, sealing ring; 108, slide rod; 2, shaft rod mechanism; 201, shaft sleeve; 202, limit ring; 203, shaft rod; 3, planetary mechanism; 301, planetary shaft; 302, auxiliary screw; 303, gear; 304, planetary carrier; 305, carrier ring; 306, teeth; 307, gasket; 4, sealing mechanism; 401, skeleton; 402, inner lip plate; 403, outer lip plate; 4 04, sealing paste; 405, adhesive ring; 406, pressure monitor; 407, probe; 408, outer ring; 409, ring gasket; 410, inner ring; 411, convex strip; 5, docking mechanism; 501, first docking plate; 502, cylinder; 503, second docking plate; 504, annular airbag; 505, air column; 506, electric rail; 507, slider; 508, articulated manipulator; 509, arm plate; 510, flexible convex pad; 6, supporting mechanism; 601, casing; 602, mounting hole; 603, slot; 7, mounting mechanism. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] Example: See Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Fig.13 , Fig.15 , an intelligent telescopic spindle for a boring and milling machine with automatic loading and unloading of accessories, comprising a telescopic spindle assembly, the telescopic spindle assembly comprising a shaft seat mechanism 1 and a shaft rod mechanism 2, the shaft rod mechanism 2 being inserted into the shaft seat mechanism 1 in a telescopic manner; the telescopic spindle assembly being movably inserted into a mounting mechanism 7, the telescopic spindle assembly being movable up and down along the mounting mechanism 7; The shaft seat mechanism 1 is provided with a loading and unloading assembly, which includes a docking mechanism 5 for automatically loading and unloading accessories, and the docking mechanism 5 includes a first docking plate 501 fixedly sleeved with the shaft seat mechanism 1, and the surface corners of the first docking plate 501 are respectively fixedly inserted with cylinders 502, and the output end of the cylinder 502 is commonly connected to a second docking plate 503 directly opposite to the first docking plate 501; A surface of the second docking plate 503 on one side away from the first docking plate 501 is evenly and evenly fixed with annularly arranged electric rails 506, and a loading and unloading clamp arm assembly is slidably inserted in each electric rail 506; The loading and unloading clamp arm assembly includes a slider 507 that is slidably connected to an electric rail 506. The surface of the slider 507 is hinged with an articulated manipulator 508 through an electric shaft. The end of the articulated manipulator 508 away from the slider 507 is hinged with an arm plate 509 through an electric shaft. The surface of the arm plate 509 is fixedly connected with a flexible convex pad 510 with a built-in micro-pressure sensor.

[0025] See also Fig.13 , Fig.14 A cleaning component is provided between the first docking plate 501 and the second docking plate 503 and is sleeved on the outside of the shaft seat mechanism 1. The cleaning component includes two symmetrically arranged annular air bags 504. The inner walls of the annular air bags 504 are evenly and equidistantly fixed with air columns 505. The ends of the air columns 505 are embedded with dustproof nets, and the ends of the air columns 505 are tilted toward the second docking plate 503.

[0026] See also Fig.16 The loading and unloading assembly also includes a matching mechanism 6 assembled with the docking mechanism 5, and the matching mechanism 6 includes a sleeve 601 adapted to be buckled on the shaft mechanism 2, and the end surface of the sleeve 601 is provided with a mounting hole 602 for fixing with an accessory, and the side of the sleeve 601 is evenly and equidistantly provided with annularly arranged card grooves 603, and the card grooves 603 are adapted to the flexible convex pad 510, and the side wall of the card groove 603 close to the second docking plate 503 is vertical, and the side wall of the card groove 603 away from the second docking plate 503 is sloped.

[0027] See also Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7, Fig. 9 , Fig.10 , Fig.11 , Fig.12 The shaft seat mechanism 1 includes a motor 101, an output end of the motor 101 is fixedly connected to a machine shaft 102, and an end of the machine shaft 102 away from the motor 101 is fixedly connected to a main lead screw 103; The shaft 102 is fixedly sleeved with a baffle 104; An outer sleeve of the main lead screw 103 is provided with an outer seat 105 fixedly connected to the motor 101, an inner side of the end of the outer seat 105 close to the motor 101 is fixedly connected to a connecting ring 106 adapted to the matching baffle 104, an end of the outer seat 105 away from the motor 101 is fixedly connected to a sealing ring 107, and a ring-shaped sliding rod 108 is evenly and evenly fixedly connected between the sealing ring 107 and the connecting ring 106; The outer seat 105 is filled with lubricating oil.

[0028] The shaft mechanism 2 includes a shaft sleeve 201 which is sleeved with the main screw 103 in a positive position, a limit ring 202 is fixedly sleeved on the middle part of the outer side of the shaft sleeve 201, the outer diameter of the limit ring 202 is smaller than the inner diameter of the outer seat 105, and the slide rod 108 passes through the limit ring 202; One end of the shaft sleeve 201 is fixedly connected to a shaft rod 203 adapted to be inserted through the sealing ring 107 .

[0029] A planetary mechanism 3 is arranged between the sleeve 201 and the main screw 103. The planetary mechanism 3 includes roller components arranged in an annular shape on the outside of the main screw 103. Each roller component includes a planetary shaft 301. A secondary screw 302 is fixedly sleeved in the middle of the planetary shaft 301. The secondary screw 302 is meshed with the main screw 103 and the sleeve 201. Gears 303 are fixedly sleeved at both ends of the planetary shaft 301. The ends of the planetary shafts 301 of the roller assembly are commonly mounted with a planetary carrier 304, a carrier ring 305 is movably nested on the outer side of the planetary carrier 304, and a gasket 307 is mounted between the planetary carrier 304 and the carrier ring 305; The inner side of the frame ring 305 is provided with teeth 306 adapted to mesh with the gear 303 , and the frame ring 305 is fixedly nested in the end of the shaft sleeve 201 .

[0030] A sealing mechanism 4 for sealing is provided between the connecting ring 106 and the crankshaft 102, and the sealing mechanism 4 includes a main sealing component and an auxiliary sealing component; The main sealing assembly includes a frame 401 with an L-shaped steel frame built in, a connection ring 106 fixedly connected to the outside of the frame 401, an inner lip plate 402 adapted to be connected to the machine shaft 102 extending from the inner inner end of the frame 401, an outer lip plate 403 for dust protection extending from the inner outer end of the frame 401, and a sealing paste 404 filled between the inner lip plate 402 and the outer lip plate 403; The outer end surface of the frame 401 is fixedly connected with an annular adhesive ring 405, and the inside of the adhesive ring 405 is evenly and equidistantly embedded with pressure monitors 406. The pressure monitor 406 is fixedly connected with a probe 407, which penetrates the adhesive ring 405 and the outer lip plate 403 and extends into the sealing paste 404 to monitor the pressure of the sealing paste 404; The auxiliary sealing component includes an outer ring 408 adapted to be embedded in the frame 401, the outer ring 408 is located on the inner end surface of the frame 401, and a ring gasket 409 is embedded between the frame 401 and the outer ring 408; An inner ring 410 fixedly sleeved on the shaft 102 is arranged inside the outer ring 408, and a spiral convex strip 411 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the inner ring 410, and the outer diameter of the convex strip 411 is smaller than the inner diameter of the outer ring 408; The outer end surface of the convex strip 411 is inclined, and the inner end surface of the convex strip 411 is vertical and has a baffle extending therefrom.

[0031] The working principle of the present invention is as follows: The shaft seat mechanism 1 and the shaft rod mechanism 2 are connected through the planetary mechanism 3. When the motor 101 is started, the main screw 103 rotates to drive the roller assembly to rotate and revolve along the axis of the main screw 103, and at the same time, it makes a linear motion relative to the axis of the main screw 103. The transmission pair friction is line contact rolling friction, which has a larger force area than point contact. Therefore, while ensuring the transmission efficiency, it improves the bearing capacity and pressure resistance of the telescopic main shaft assembly and improves the working accuracy of the main shaft.

[0032] The outer seat 105 is filled with lubricating oil, thereby reducing the movement friction between the main screw 103 and the planetary mechanism 3 and reducing the noise problem. During the extension and retraction of the telescopic spindle assembly, the lubricating oil in the outer seat 105 is stirred by the movement of the planetary mechanism 3, which can effectively dissipate heat, assist the operation of the telescopic spindle assembly, and improve the working performance.

[0033] The lubricating oil in the outer seat 105 is sealed by the sealing mechanism 4, and the machine shaft 102 is contacted by the inner lip plate 402 of the main sealing assembly. The outer lip plate 403 is used for dust prevention, and a sealing paste 404 is injected between the inner lip plate 402 and the outer lip plate 403 to form a dynamic barrier. The pressure of the sealing paste 404 is greater than the pressure of the lubricating oil in the outer seat 105, and the pressure of the sealing paste 404 is monitored in real time by the probe 407 of the pressure monitor 406 to improve the dynamic sealing performance.

[0034] Through the secondary sealing assembly, the inner ring 410 is sleeved on the machine shaft 102 and rotates with it. The outer end face of the convex strip 411 is inclined through the spiral arrangement of the convex strip 411 on the inner ring 410. When the motor 101 drives the machine shaft 102 to rotate clockwise, the lubricating oil that has penetrated into the secondary sealing assembly is re-transported to the outer seat 105 through the channel formed by the convex strip 411 by centrifugal force. The inner end face of the convex strip 411 is vertical and has a baffle extending therefrom. When the motor 101 drives the machine shaft 102 to rotate counterclockwise, the lubricating oil that has penetrated into the secondary sealing assembly is accumulated in the groove formed by the inner end face and the baffle and will not be transported in the reverse direction, thereby improving the oil guiding capacity and further improving the sealing performance.

[0035] During the docking process of the telescopic main shaft assembly and the accessory, the extension cylinder 502 pushes the second docking plate 503 outward, stretches the annular airbag 504, and causes the air column 505 to inhale air. When the docking is completed, the cylinder 502 contracts and the annular airbag 504 contracts synchronously. Through the setting of the inclined air column 505, the dust on the end of the telescopic main shaft assembly is blown away, and the assembly is cleaned before docking with the accessory, thereby improving the self-cleaning ability.

[0036] The accessory is docked through the mounting hole 602 of the housing 601, and after the second docking plate 503 is extended, the loading and unloading clamp arm assembly is adjusted along the electric rail 506 so that the flexible convex pad 510 is aligned with the card slot 603 of the housing 601 and embedded therein, thereby automatically clamping the accessory. After the docking of the accessory is completed, the flexible convex pad 510 is tightened toward the second docking plate 503 through the electric shaft of the loading and unloading clamp arm assembly, and the card slot 603 is close to the side wall of the second docking plate 503. The matching mechanism 6 and the accessory are tightly clamped on the end of the shaft mechanism 2, completing the automatic mounting of the accessory and improving the automation performance of the accessory assembly.

[0037] Through the telescopic spindle assembly, the telescopic spindle assembly is movably inserted into the mounting mechanism 7, and the telescopic spindle assembly can move up and down along the mounting mechanism 7, so that the telescopic spindle assembly can be flexibly adjusted in the horizontal and vertical directions, thereby adapting to the installation of various accessories and improving the adaptability and use range of the telescopic spindle assembly.

[0038] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An intelligent telescopic spindle for a boring and milling machine with automatic loading and unloading of accessories, comprising a telescopic spindle assembly, wherein the telescopic spindle assembly comprises a shaft seat mechanism (1) and a shaft rod mechanism (2), wherein the shaft rod mechanism (2) is inserted into the shaft seat mechanism (1) in a telescopic manner; characterized in that: The telescopic main shaft assembly movable plug-in installation mechanism (7); The shaft seat mechanism (1) is provided with a loading and unloading assembly, the loading and unloading assembly comprising a docking mechanism (5) for automatically loading and unloading accessories, the docking mechanism (5) comprising a first docking plate (501) fixedly sleeved on the shaft seat mechanism (1), cylinders (502) being fixedly inserted at the surface corners of the first docking plate (501), and output ends of the cylinders (502) being commonly connected to a second docking plate (503) directly opposite to the first docking plate (501); A surface of the second docking plate (503) on one side away from the first docking plate (501) is evenly and evenly fixed with annularly arranged electric rails (506), and a loading and unloading clamp arm assembly is slidably inserted in each of the electric rails (506); The loading and unloading clamp arm assembly comprises a slider (507) slidably plugged into an electric rail (506); a surface of the slider (507) is movably hinged with an articulated manipulator (508) via an electric shaft; an end of the articulated manipulator (508) away from the slider (507) is movably hinged with an arm plate (509) via an electric shaft; a surface of the arm plate (509) is fixedly connected with a flexible convex pad (510) with a built-in micro-pressure sensor.

2. The intelligent telescopic spindle for a boring and milling machine with automatic attachment loading and unloading according to claim 1, characterized in that: A dust cleaning component is provided between the first docking plate (501) and the second docking plate (503) and is sleeved on the outside of the shaft seat mechanism (1). The dust cleaning component comprises two symmetrically arranged annular air bags (504). The inner walls of the annular air bags (504) are evenly and equidistantly fixed with air columns (505). The ends of the air columns (505) are embedded with dustproof nets. The ends of the air columns (505) are inclined toward the second docking plate (503).

3. The intelligent telescopic spindle for a boring and milling machine with automatic attachment loading and unloading according to claim 1, characterized in that: The loading and unloading assembly further comprises a matching mechanism (6) matched with the docking mechanism (5), the matching mechanism (6) comprising a sleeve (601) adapted to be buckled onto the shaft mechanism (2), the end surface of the sleeve (601) being provided with a mounting hole (602) for being fixedly connected to an accessory, the side of the sleeve (601) being evenly and equidistantly provided with annularly arranged card slots (603), the card slots (603) being matched with the flexible convex pad (510), the wall surface of the card slot (603) being close to the second docking plate (503) being vertical, and the wall surface of the card slot (603) being away from the second docking plate (503) being sloped.

4. The intelligent telescopic spindle for a boring and milling machine with automatic attachment loading and unloading according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shaft seat mechanism (1) comprises a motor (101), the output end of the motor (101) being fixedly connected to a machine shaft (102), and one end of the machine shaft (102) away from the motor (101) being fixedly connected to a main lead screw (103); The machine shaft (102) is fixedly sleeved with a baffle plate (104); An outer sleeve of the main lead screw (103) is provided with an outer seat (105) fixedly connected to the motor (101); an inner side of an end of the outer seat (105) close to the motor (101) is fixedly connected to a connecting ring (106) adapted to the matching baffle plate (104); an end of the outer seat (105) away from the motor (101) is fixedly connected to a sealing ring (107); and sliding rods (108) arranged in a ring are fixedly connected at equal distances between the sealing ring (107) and the connecting ring (106); The outer seat (105) is filled with lubricating oil.

5. The intelligent telescopic spindle for a boring and milling machine with automatic attachment loading and unloading according to claim 4, characterized in that: The shaft mechanism (2) comprises a shaft sleeve (201) which is sleeved on the main lead screw (103) in a positive position, a limit ring (202) is fixedly sleeved on the middle part of the outer side of the shaft sleeve (201), and the sliding rod (108) passes through the limit ring (202); One end of the shaft sleeve (201) is fixedly connected to a shaft rod (203) adapted to be inserted through a sealing ring (107).

6. The intelligent telescopic spindle for a boring and milling machine with automatic attachment loading and unloading according to claim 5, characterized in that: A planetary mechanism (3) is provided between the shaft sleeve (201) and the main lead screw (103), the planetary mechanism (3) comprising roller assemblies arranged in a ring shape on the outside of the main lead screw (103), each of the roller assemblies comprising a planetary shaft (301), a secondary lead screw (302) being fixedly sleeved in the middle of the planetary shaft (301), the secondary lead screw (302) being meshed with the main lead screw (103) and the shaft sleeve (201), and gears (303) being fixedly sleeved at both ends of the planetary shaft (301); The ends of the planetary shafts (301) of the roller assembly are jointly mounted with a planetary carrier (304), a carrier ring (305) is movably nested on the outer side of the planetary carrier (304), and a gasket (307) is mounted between the planetary carrier (304) and the carrier ring (305); The inner side of the frame ring (305) is provided with teeth (306) adapted to mesh with the gear (303), and the frame ring (305) is fixedly nested in the end of the shaft sleeve (201).

7. The intelligent telescopic spindle for a boring and milling machine with automatic attachment loading and unloading according to claim 6, characterized in that: A sealing mechanism (4) for sealing is provided between the connecting ring (106) and the machine shaft (102), and the sealing mechanism (4) comprises a main sealing component and an auxiliary sealing component; The main sealing component comprises a frame (401) with an L-shaped steel frame built in, an outer fixed connection ring (106) of the frame (401), an inner lip plate (402) adapted to be connected to the machine shaft (102) extending from the inner inner end of the frame (401), an outer lip plate (403) for dust protection extending from the inner outer end of the frame (401), and a sealing paste (404) filled between the inner lip plate (402) and the outer lip plate (403); An annular adhesive ring (405) is fixedly connected to the outer end surface of the frame (401), and pressure monitors (406) are evenly and equidistantly embedded inside the adhesive ring (405). A probe (407) is fixedly connected to the pressure monitor (406), and the probe (407) penetrates the adhesive ring (405) and the outer lip plate (403) and extends into the sealing paste (404); The auxiliary sealing component comprises an outer ring (408) adapted to be embedded in the frame (401), the outer ring (408) being located on the inner end surface of the frame (401), and a ring gasket (409) being embedded between the frame (401) and the outer ring (408); An inner ring (410) fixedly sleeved on the machine shaft (102) is arranged inside the outer ring (408), and a spiral convex strip (411) is fixedly connected to the outer side of the inner ring (410); The outer end surface of the convex strip (411) is inclined, and the inner end surface of the convex strip (411) is vertical and has a baffle extending therefrom.

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