A super-high-performance ice-based material and its preparation method

Abstract

A super-high-performance ice-based material and its preparation method belong to the technical field of ice-based materials, including seawater, lightweight aggregate, water-soluble thickener, main material and auxiliary material. The main material and auxiliary material are stirred in a mixer, and after adding the thickening solution formed by seawater and water-soluble thickener, it is stirred again with the lightweight aggregate soaked in seawater to obtain a mixture, which is then molded and demolded after cooling to obtain a super-high-performance ice-based material. By using reinforcing fibers, viscosity adjustment and cementitious material design, the material density is effectively reduced, and the uniformity of the ice-based composite material is improved; by synergistically improving the matrix strength and the strength of the additive, the strength and toughness of the composite material are effectively improved; through the bonding effect between steel fibers and the high-strength matrix, the tensile strength of the ice-based composite material is effectively improved, the energy consumption of impact damage is increased, and thus the anti-explosion performance is enhanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of ice-based materials, and particularly relates to an ultra-high performance ice-based material and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Antarctica is rich in various natural resources and has a special geographical location. Countries have successively laid out the construction of Antarctic infrastructure. The polar natural environment is extremely harsh, posing severe threats and challenges to equipment, facilities, and personnel activities.

[0003] Existing scientific research stations do not consider military weapon strikes and mostly adopt prefabricated steel structures for construction. However, the key to polar construction is to prevent strikes, and the construction scale is large. If steel, cement, and other construction materials are transported in large quantities from inland, firstly, the cost is extremely high, secondly, the durability of the materials is poor, and thirdly, it is easy to expose strategic intentions in advance. Therefore, it is extremely important to select a local and convenient construction material.

[0004] "Ice" is a natural and convenient material in Antarctica. Traditional ice has defects such as low strength and high brittleness and is not suitable for large-scale construction. Research shows that adding a certain amount of materials such as wood pulp, wood chips, and cotton to water can significantly improve the brittleness of ice and increase its strength. The present invention proposes an ice-based composite material with super-strong mechanical properties, high toughness, ultra-high durability, and excellent pouring and forming properties, as well as a preparation method thereof, providing basic support for polar facility construction. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Aiming at the deficiencies of the existing technology, the purpose of the present invention is to propose an ultra-high performance ice-based material and a preparation method thereof to solve the above problems of the existing technology. By using reinforcing fibers, viscosity adjustment, and cementitious material design, the material density is effectively reduced, and the uniformity of the ice-based composite material is improved; by synergistically enhancing the matrix strength and the strength of the additive, the strength and toughness of the composite material are effectively improved; through the bonding effect between steel fibers and the high-strength matrix, the tensile strength of the ice-based composite material is effectively enhanced, the energy consumption of impact damage is increased, and thus the anti-explosion performance is enhanced.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: An ultra-high performance ice-based material includes seawater, lightweight aggregate, water-soluble thickener, main material, and auxiliary material. The main material and the auxiliary material are stirred in a mixer, and after adding the thickening solution formed by seawater and the water-soluble thickener, they are stirred again with the lightweight aggregate soaked in seawater to obtain a mixture, which is then molded and demolded after cooling to obtain an ultra-high performance ice-based material.

[0007] The seawater is 80 - 90 parts by weight ratio.

[0008] The light aggregate is 3 to 5 parts by weight ratio. The light aggregate is a mixture of shale ceramsite and spherical high-strength light aggregate. Among them, the bulk density of shale ceramsite is ≤600 kg / m³, the cylinder compressive strength is 5 - 7 MPa, the particle size is 0.1 - 2 mm, and it has a continuous gradation; the bulk density of spherical high-strength light aggregate is ≤800 kg / m³, the cylinder compressive strength is ≥25 MPa, the particle size is 1 - 4 mm, and it has a continuous gradation; the weight of spherical high-strength light aggregate is not less than 40% of the total weight of the light aggregate;

[0009] The water-soluble thickener is 0.5 to 3 parts by weight ratio, and the viscosity after thickening is ≥2000 mPa;

[0010] The main materials include silica, fly ash microspheres, and steel fibers;

[0011] The auxiliary material is a non-metallic fiber material.

[0012] The main materials are in the following weight ratio: silica is 1 to 5 parts by weight ratio, fly ash microspheres are 3 to 5 parts by weight ratio, and steel fibers are 5 to 8 parts by weight ratio.

[0013] The steel fiber is a copper-plated steel fiber, with a diameter of 0.18 - 0.22 mm, a length of 13 - 20 mm, and a tensile strength of ≥2500 MPa; the average particle size of the silica is 10 - 50 nm, and the average particle size of the fly ash microspheres is 1 - 3 μm.

[0014] The non-metallic fiber includes one or a combination of several of aramid fiber, wood chip fiber, or cotton; the aramid fiber is 3 to 8 parts by weight ratio, the wood chip fiber is 3 to 8 parts by weight ratio, and the cotton is 0.95 to 1 part by weight ratio.

[0015] Based on the above, a preparation method of a super high-performance ice-based material includes the following steps:

[0016] Step 1: Weigh seawater, light aggregate, water-soluble thickener, main materials, and auxiliary materials according to the weight ratio. Then, pre-wet the light aggregate. Soak the light aggregate in seawater for 12 hours and then take it out and air-dry it to the saturated surface dry state to obtain pre-wetted light aggregate; calculate the water absorption of the pre-wetted light aggregate, and subtract the water absorption of the light aggregate from the total water consumption to obtain the net water consumption;

[0017] Step 2: Add the main materials and auxiliary materials to the mixer and dry mix for 1 min. Then, disperse the water-soluble thickener into the net water consumption to form a thickening solution and add it to the mixer, and continue to stir for 2 - 3 min until the slurry is fully thick and uniform to obtain a mixture; the rotation speed of the mixer is greater than 100 r / min;

[0018] Step 3: Gradually add the pre-wetted light aggregate in portions and stir for 5 - 15 min to make the light aggregate evenly dispersed in the mixture to obtain a mixture;

[0019] Step 4: Load the mixture into the test mold. When loading, use a trowel to insert and tamp along the inner wall of the test mold, and make the mixture slightly higher than the upper mouth of the test mold and stand still for 5 - 10 minutes, which is appropriate.

[0020] Step 5: After molding, cover the surface of the test mold with a film to prevent water evaporation, and leave it standing for 24 hours in an environment of -20°C to -80°C, then demold. The demolded specimen is placed in a cooling tank to obtain a super high-performance ice-based material.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0022] 1. By improving the synergy of matrix strength and aggregate strength through spherical high-strength lightweight aggregates, the strength of the ice-based material is effectively improved; by utilizing the high-strength bonding force between steel fibers and the matrix, the tensile performance of the ice-based material is improved, and the energy consumption during the material failure process is increased, thereby effectively reducing the cracking and collapse damage degree of the back explosion surface of the ice-based material; in addition, the energy absorption effect of the high-strength lightweight aggregates in the ice-based material also has a positive effect on improving the anti-explosion performance of the back explosion surface.

[0023] 2. The present invention uses silica, fly ash microspheres, aramid fibers, lightweight aggregates, wood chip fibers and cotton as toughening and strengthening components of the ice-based material. Compared with traditional cement-based materials, the apparent density of the system is greatly reduced; on the other hand, by adding a thickening agent to improve the viscosity and fluidity of the slurry, the floating of light fillers is effectively inhibited, ensuring the uniformity of the material after mixing; on the other hand, ice is selected as the matrix material, the material source is wide, meeting the need for local material use, and the ice-based material does not require curing and can be directly used, which is beneficial to ecological sustainable development. Specific Embodiments

[0024] The specific embodiments of the present invention are described below to facilitate those skilled in the art of the present technology to understand the present invention. However, it should be clear that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the specific embodiments. For those ordinary skilled in the art of the present technology, as long as various changes are within the spirit and scope of the present invention defined and determined by the appended claims, these changes are obvious, and all inventions created using the concept of the present invention are within the scope of protection.

[0025] The following embodiments are provided in combination with the content of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments: Example 1:

[0026] A super high-performance ice-based material, and the components of the ice-based material by weight ratio are as follows: 90 parts of seawater, 5 parts of lightweight aggregates, 3 parts of water-soluble thickening agent, 5 parts of silica as the main material, 5 parts of fly ash microspheres, 8 parts of steel fibers, and 8 parts of wood chip fibers as the auxiliary material;

[0027] The preparation method of the above super high-performance ice-based material includes the following steps:

[0028] Step 1: Weigh seawater, lightweight aggregate, water-soluble thickener, main material and auxiliary material according to the weight ratio. Then pre-wet the lightweight aggregate. Soak the lightweight aggregate in seawater for 12 hours, then take it out and air it until it reaches saturated surface dryness to obtain pre-wetted lightweight aggregate. Calculate the water absorption of the pre-wetted lightweight aggregate, and subtract the water absorption of the lightweight aggregate from the total water consumption to obtain the net water consumption;

[0029] Step 2: Add the main material and auxiliary material to the mixer and dry mix for 1 min. Then disperse the water-soluble thickener into the net water consumption to form a thickening solution and add it to the mixer. Continue to stir for 2 - 3 min until the slurry is fully viscous and uniform to obtain a mixture; the rotation speed of the mixer is greater than 100 r / min;

[0030] Step 3: Gradually add the pre-wetted lightweight aggregate in portions and stir for 5 - 15 min to make the lightweight aggregate evenly dispersed in the mixture to obtain a mixture;

[0031] Step 4: Pour the mixture into the test mold. When loading, use a trowel to insert and tamp along the inner wall of the test mold, and make the mixture slightly higher than the upper mouth of the test mold and let it stand for 5 - 10 min;

[0032] Step 5: After molding, cover the surface of the test mold with a film to prevent water evaporation, and let it stand in an environment of -20°C to -80°C for 24 h and then demold. Put the demolded specimen into a cooling tank to obtain a super high-performance ice-based material.

[0033] Example 2:

[0034] A super high-performance ice-based material, and the components of the ice-based material according to the weight ratio are as follows: 80 parts of seawater, 3 parts of lightweight aggregate, 0.5 part of water-soluble thickener, the main material is 3 parts of silica, 3 parts of fly ash microspheres, 5 parts of steel fibers, and the auxiliary material is 3 parts of wood chip fibers;

[0035] The preparation method of the above super high-performance ice-based material includes the following steps:

[0036] Step 1: Weigh seawater, lightweight aggregate, water-soluble thickener, main material and auxiliary material according to the weight ratio. Then pre-wet the lightweight aggregate. Soak the lightweight aggregate in seawater for 12 hours, then take it out and air it until it reaches saturated surface dryness to obtain pre-wetted lightweight aggregate. Calculate the water absorption of the pre-wetted lightweight aggregate, and subtract the water absorption of the lightweight aggregate from the total water consumption to obtain the net water consumption;

[0037] Step 2: Add the main material and auxiliary material to the mixer and dry mix for 1 min. Then disperse the water-soluble thickener into the net water consumption to form a thickening solution and add it to the mixer. Continue to stir for 2 - 3 min until the slurry is fully viscous and uniform to obtain a mixture; the rotation speed of the mixer is greater than 100 r / min;

[0038] Step 3: Slowly add the pre-wetted lightweight aggregate in portions and stir for 5 - 15 min to evenly disperse the lightweight aggregate in the mixture to obtain a mixture;

[0039] Step 4: Pour the mixture into the mold. When loading, use a trowel to tamp along the inner wall of the mold, and it is advisable to let the mixture slightly protrude above the upper mouth of the mold and stand still for 5 - 10 min;

[0040] Step 5: After molding, cover the surface of the mold with a film to prevent water evaporation, and let it stand still in an environment of -20°C to -80°C for 24 h and then demold. The demolded specimen is placed in a cooling tank to obtain a super high-performance ice-based material.

[0041] Example 3:

[0042] A super high-performance ice-based material, and the components of the ice-based material according to the weight ratio are as follows: 80 parts of seawater, 4 parts of lightweight aggregate, 1 part of water-soluble thickener, 5 parts of silica as the main material, 3 parts of fly ash microspheres, 6 parts of steel fibers, 5 parts of wood chip fibers and 1 part of cotton as auxiliary materials;

[0043] The preparation method of the above super high-performance ice-based material includes the following steps:

[0044] Step 1: Weigh seawater, lightweight aggregate, water-soluble thickener, main material and auxiliary materials according to the weight ratio. Then pre-wet the lightweight aggregate. Soak the lightweight aggregate in seawater for 12 hours and then fish it out and air it to saturated surface dry to obtain pre-wetted lightweight aggregate; Calculate the water absorption of the pre-wetted lightweight aggregate, and subtract the water absorption of the lightweight aggregate from the total water consumption to obtain the net water consumption;

[0045] Step 2: Add the main material and auxiliary materials to the mixer and dry mix for 1 min. Then disperse the water-soluble thickener into the net water consumption to form a thickening solution and add it to the mixer, and continue to stir for 2 - 3 min to make the slurry fully viscous and uniform to obtain a mixture; The rotation speed of the mixer is greater than 100 r / min;

[0046] Step 3: Slowly add the pre-wetted lightweight aggregate in portions and stir for 5 - 15 min to evenly disperse the lightweight aggregate in the mixture to obtain a mixture;

[0047] Step 4: Pour the mixture into the mold. When loading, use a trowel to tamp along the inner wall of the mold, and it is advisable to let the mixture slightly protrude above the upper mouth of the mold and stand still for 5 - 10 min;

[0048] Step 5: After molding, cover the surface of the mold with a film to prevent water evaporation, and let it stand still in an environment of -20°C to -80°C for 24 h and then demold. The demolded specimen is placed in a cooling tank to obtain a super high-performance ice-based material.

[0049] Example 4:

[0050] A super-high-performance ice-based material, and the composition of the ice-based material by weight ratio is as follows: 80 parts of seawater, 3 parts of lightweight aggregate, 1 part of water-soluble thickener, 5 parts of silica as the main material, 3 parts of fly ash microspheres, 7 parts of steel fibers, and 8 parts of aramid fiber as the auxiliary material;

[0051] The preparation method of the above super-high-performance ice-based material includes the following steps:

[0052] Step 1: Weigh seawater, lightweight aggregate, water-soluble thickener, main material and auxiliary material according to the weight ratio. Then pre-wet the lightweight aggregate. Soak the lightweight aggregate in seawater for 12 hours and then take it out and air it until the surface is saturated and dry to obtain pre-wetted lightweight aggregate. Calculate the water absorption of the pre-wetted lightweight aggregate, and subtract the water absorption of the lightweight aggregate from the total water consumption to obtain the net water consumption;

[0053] Step 2: Add the main material and auxiliary material to the mixer and dry mix for 1 min. Then disperse the water-soluble thickener into the net water consumption to form a thickening solution and add it to the mixer. Continue to stir for 2 - 3 min until the slurry is fully viscous and uniform to obtain a mixture; the rotation speed of the mixer is greater than 100 r / min;

[0054] Step 3: Gradually add the pre-wetted lightweight aggregate in portions and stir for 5 - 15 min to disperse the lightweight aggregate evenly in the mixture to obtain a mixture;

[0055] Step 4: Pour the mixture into the test mold. When loading, use a trowel to insert and tamp along the inner wall of the test mold, and make the mixture slightly higher than the upper mouth of the test mold and let it stand for 5 - 10 min;

[0056] Step 5: After molding, cover the surface of the test mold with a film to prevent water evaporation, and leave it standing in an environment of -20°C to -80°C for 24 h and then demold. Put the demolded specimen into a cooling tank to obtain a super-high-performance ice-based material.

[0057] Example 5:

[0058] A super-high-performance ice-based material, and the composition of the ice-based material by weight ratio is as follows: 85 parts of seawater, 3 parts of lightweight aggregate, 1 part of water-soluble thickener, 3 parts of silica as the main material, 3 parts of fly ash microspheres, 5 parts of steel fibers, and 5 parts of aramid fiber as the auxiliary material;

[0059] The preparation process of the above super-high-performance ice-based material is as follows:

[0060] Step 1: Weigh seawater, lightweight aggregate, water-soluble thickener, main material and auxiliary material according to the weight ratio. Then pre-wet the lightweight aggregate. Soak the lightweight aggregate in seawater for 12 hours and then take it out and air it until the surface is saturated and dry to obtain pre-wetted lightweight aggregate. Calculate the water absorption of the pre-wetted lightweight aggregate, and subtract the water absorption of the lightweight aggregate from the total water consumption to obtain the net water consumption;

[0061] Step 2: Add the main materials and auxiliary materials into a blender and dry mix for 1 min. Then disperse the water-soluble thickener into the net water consumption to form a thickening solution and add it to the blender. Continue to stir for 2 - 3 min until the slurry is fully viscous and uniform to obtain a mixture. The rotation speed of the blender is greater than 100 r / min.

[0062] Step 3: Slowly add the pre-wetted lightweight aggregate in portions and stir for 5 - 15 min to make the lightweight aggregate evenly dispersed in the mixture to obtain a mixture.

[0063] Step 4: Pour the mixture into a test mold. When loading, use a trowel to insert and tamp along the inner wall of the test mold, and make the mixture slightly higher than the upper mouth of the test mold and let it stand for 5 - 10 min preferably.

[0064] Step 5: After molding, cover the surface of the test mold with a film to prevent water evaporation, and let it stand in an environment of -20°C to -80°C for 24 h and then demold. The demolded specimen is placed in a cooling tank to obtain a super high-performance ice-based material.

[0065] Test according to the relevant regulations in the "Technical Specification for Engineering Sea Ice" (HY / T 047 - 2016), "Standard for Test Methods of Physical and Mechanical Properties of Concrete" (GB / T 50081 - 2019), "Reactive Powder Concrete" (GB / T 31387 - 2015) and "Standard for Test Methods of Properties of Ordinary Concrete Mixture" (GB / T 50080 - 2016). The test temperature is -5°C.

[0066] Table 1 Test Results of Basic Properties of Ice-Based Materials

[0067]

[0068] It can be seen from the data in Table 1 that the compressive strength of the super high-performance ice-based material prepared by the present invention reaches above 13.9 MPa, and the splitting tensile strength reaches above 1.5 MPa. The effects of Examples 1 - 5 are significantly better than the comparative blank sample (pure ice). Although adding steel fibers to the material components will increase the material density, it can significantly improve the compressive strength and splitting tensile strength.

[0069] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

[0070] The parts not detailed in the present invention are the prior art.

Claims

1. An ultra-high performance ice-based material, characterized by: The method comprises seawater, lightweight aggregate, water-soluble thickener, main material and auxiliary material. The main material and auxiliary material are stirred in a mixer, a thickening solution formed by seawater and the water-soluble thickener is added, and then the mixture is stirred again with the lightweight aggregate soaked in seawater to obtain a mixture, and then molded and demolded after cooling to obtain an ultra-high performance ice-based material. The seawater is 80-90 parts by weight; The light aggregate is 3-5 parts by weight, and is a mixture of shale pottery sand and spherical high-strength light aggregate, wherein the shale pottery sand has a bulk density of ≤600kg / m³, a cylinder pressure strength of 5-7MPa, a particle size of 0.1-2mm, and continuous grading; the spherical high-strength light aggregate has a bulk density of ≤800kg / m³, a cylinder pressure strength of ≥25MPa, a particle size of 1-4mm, and continuous grading; the weight of the spherical high-strength light aggregate is not less than 40% of the total weight of the light aggregate; The water-soluble thickener is 0.5 to 3 parts by weight, and the viscosity after thickening is ≥ 2000 MPa; The main materials include silicon dioxide, fly ash microbeads and steel fibers; The main materials are as follows: 1-5 parts of silicon dioxide, 3-5 parts of fly ash microbeads, and 5-8 parts of steel fiber. The steel fiber is a copper-plated steel fiber with a diameter of 0.18-0.22 mm, a length of 13-20 mm, and a tensile strength of ≥2500 MPa; the average particle size of the silicon dioxide is 10-50 nm, and the average particle size of the fly ash microbeads is 1-3 μm; The auxiliary material is a non-metallic fiber material; The non-metallic fiber comprises one or a combination of aramid fiber, sawdust fiber or cotton; the aramid fiber is 3-8 parts by weight, the sawdust fiber is 3-8 parts by weight, and the cotton is 0.95-1 part by weight.

2. The ultra-high performance ice-based material according to claim 1, characterized in that: An ultra-high performance ice-based material includes: 90 parts of seawater, 5 parts of lightweight aggregate, 3 parts of water-soluble thickener, 5 parts of silicon dioxide as the main material, 5 parts of fly ash microbeads, 8 parts of steel fiber, and 8 parts of sawdust fiber as the auxiliary material.

3. The ultra-high performance ice-based material according to claim 1, characterized in that: An ultra-high performance ice-based material includes: 80 parts of seawater, 3 parts of lightweight aggregate, 0.5 parts of water-soluble thickener, 3 parts of silicon dioxide as the main material, 3 parts of fly ash microbeads, 5 parts of steel fiber, and 3 parts of sawdust fiber as the auxiliary material.

4. The ultra-high performance ice-based material according to claim 1, characterized in that: An ultra-high performance ice-based material includes: 80 parts of seawater, 4 parts of lightweight aggregate, 1 part of water-soluble thickener, 5 parts of silica as the main material, 3 parts of fly ash microbeads, 6 parts of steel fiber, and 5 parts of sawdust fiber and 1 part of cotton as the auxiliary materials.

5. The ultra-high performance ice-based material according to claim 1, characterized in that: An ultra-high performance ice-based material includes: 80 parts of seawater, 3 parts of lightweight aggregate, 1 part of water-soluble thickener, 5 parts of silicon dioxide as the main material, 3 parts of fly ash microbeads, 7 parts of steel fiber, and 8 parts of aramid fiber as the auxiliary material.

6. The ultra-high performance ice-based material according to claim 1, characterized in that: An ultra-high performance ice-based material includes: 85 parts of seawater, 3 parts of lightweight aggregate, 1 part of water-soluble thickener, 3 parts of silica as the main material, 3 parts of fly ash microbeads, 5 parts of steel fiber, and 5 parts of aramid fiber as the auxiliary material.

7. A method for preparing an ultra-high performance ice-based material according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Weigh seawater, lightweight aggregate, water-soluble thickener, main ingredients and auxiliary materials according to the weight ratio, then pre-wet the lightweight aggregate, soak the lightweight aggregate in seawater for 12 hours, then fish it out and dry it until the saturated surface is dry to obtain pre-wet lightweight aggregate; calculate the water absorption of the pre-wet lightweight aggregate, and use the total water consumption to subtract the water absorption of the lightweight aggregate to obtain the net water consumption; Step 2: Add the main ingredients and auxiliary ingredients into a mixer and dry mix for 1 minute, then disperse the water-soluble thickener into the net water volume to form a thickening solution and add it into the mixer, and continue stirring for 2-3 minutes to make the slurry fully viscous and uniform to obtain a mixed material; wherein the mixer speed is greater than 100r / min; Step 3: Slowly add the pre-wetted lightweight aggregate in batches and stir for 5-15 minutes to evenly disperse the lightweight aggregate in the mixture to obtain a mixture; Step 4: Load the mixture into the test mold. Use a spatula to tamp along the inner wall of the test mold, and allow the mixture to slightly rise above the top of the test mold and rest for 5-10 minutes. Step 5: After molding, cover the surface of the test mold with a film to prevent water evaporation, and place it in an environment of -20℃ to -80℃ for 24 hours before demolding. The demolded specimen is placed in a cooling tank to obtain an ultra-high performance ice-based material.

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