A system and method for early warning of offshore ecological environment safety and dynamic process analysis

Abstract

The present invention discloses a nearshore ecological environment safety early warning and dynamic process analysis system and method, which relate to the field of data processing. The present invention deploys sensors in the nearshore environment, collects current nearshore pollution data through the sensors, and collects population size data of predators and prey in the nearshore ecological environment based on the sensors and satellite remote sensing; detects whether the current predator population size and the current prey population size are within a reasonable range; and determines whether to issue an alarm; collects historical pollutant concentration data, and constructs a trend compliance model for pollutant concentration changes over time; constructs a nearshore ecosystem dynamics model; obtains predator population size data and prey population size data at future moments based on current nearshore environment data and the nearshore ecosystem dynamics model, detects whether the predator population size data and the prey population size data at future moments are within a reasonable range, and determines whether to issue an alarm.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of data processing, and specifically relates to a method and system for early warning and dynamic process analysis of nearshore ecological environment safety. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous expansion of human activities, nearshore ecosystems are facing enormous pressures, such as pollution, overfishing, and climate change. These pressures may lead to a decline in biodiversity, ecosystem imbalance, and even ecological disasters. Therefore, real-time monitoring and early warning of nearshore ecosystems, so as to take timely measures to protect the marine environment, has become an urgent task.

[0003] Currently, some marine environmental monitoring technologies exist, such as buoys and remote sensing satellites, but they often only provide single or partial data, making it difficult to comprehensively reflect the state of the nearshore ecological environment. Furthermore, existing early warning models are often too simplistic and unable to accurately predict future changes in the ecological environment. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problems in related technologies, this invention proposes a nearshore ecological environment safety early warning and dynamic process analysis system and method to overcome the aforementioned technical problems existing in the existing related technologies.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] S1. Deploy sensors in the nearshore environment to collect current nearshore pollution data, and collect population size data of predators and prey in the nearshore ecological environment based on sensors and satellite remote sensing; construct current predator population size datasets and current prey population size datasets;

[0007] S2. Set a reasonable range set for predator population size and a reasonable range set for prey population size, detect whether the current predator population size and the current prey population size are within the reasonable range of predator population size and the reasonable range of prey population size; and determine whether to issue an alarm based on the detection results;

[0008] S3. Collect historical pollutant concentration data, construct a trend-following model of pollutant concentration changes over time, and use historical pollutant concentration data to solve for the specific parameter values ​​of the trend-following model.

[0009] S4. Construct a dynamic model of the nearshore ecosystem based on the interaction between the concentration of pollutants in the nearshore environment and various organisms in the ecological environment;

[0010] S5. Substitute the current predator population size data, the current prey population size dataset, the current pollutant concentration, and the future time data into the nearshore ecosystem dynamics model formula to obtain the future predator population size data and the future prey population size data. Detect whether the future predator population size data and the future prey population size data are within a reasonable range, and determine whether to issue an early warning based on the detection results.

[0011] Preferably, step S1 includes the following steps:

[0012] S11. Select appropriate sensors according to monitoring needs, configure sensors according to the nearshore environment, determine the nearshore monitoring area according to monitoring needs, and plan the layout of sensor nodes according to the characteristics of the monitoring area and the number of sensors.

[0013] S12. Install sensor nodes at the planned locations; select suitable wireless transmission technology and establish a wireless transmission network; acquire satellite remote sensing data; transmit real-time data to the central monitoring system via the wireless transmission network and satellite remote sensing.

[0014] S13. Collect the current pollutant concentration in the nearshore environment using sensors to obtain the current pollutant concentration in the nearshore environment as e;

[0015] S14. Collect population size data of predators and prey in the nearshore ecological environment using sensors and satellite remote sensing, and construct a current predator population size dataset a = {a1, a2, ..., a...} ε ,...,a n}, where a ε This represents the population size data of the ε-th predator in the current nearshore ecosystem, where n represents the total number of predator species in the nearshore ecosystem; a dataset of current predator population sizes is constructed as b = {b1, b2, ..., b...}. β ,...,b m}, where b β This represents the population size data of the βth predator in the current nearshore ecological environment, and m represents the total number of predator species in the nearshore ecological environment;

[0016] By rationally selecting and configuring sensors through the above steps, planning the layout of sensor nodes, and installing sensor nodes in the planned locations, accurate nearshore environmental data can be collected in real time. Choosing suitable wireless transmission technology and establishing a wireless transmission network, along with access to satellite remote sensing, allows for rapid transmission of real-time data to the central monitoring system, enabling comprehensive monitoring of the nearshore ecological environment. Collecting pollutant concentrations in the current nearshore environment through sensors provides timely insight into the pollution status. Simultaneously, collecting predator and prey population size data in the nearshore ecological environment through sensors and satellite remote sensing allows for the construction of current predator and prey population size datasets, thereby providing a comprehensive understanding of the biological population status in the nearshore ecological environment.

[0017] Preferably, step S2 includes the following steps:

[0018] S21. Define a reasonable range set of predator population size c = {c1, c2, ..., c...} ε ,...,c n}, where c ε Let represent the reasonable range of the population size of the ε-th predator in the nearshore ecological environment; and set the reasonable range set of predator population size d = {d1, d2, ..., d...}. β ,...,d m}, where d β This represents the reasonable range of the population size of the βth predator in the nearshore ecosystem, where n represents the total number of predator species in the nearshore ecosystem, and m represents the total number of prey species in the nearshore ecosystem.

[0019] S22. Given the current predator population size dataset a = {a1, a2, ..., a...} ε ,...,a n The population size data for each predator in the data set is compared with the reasonable range set of predator population size c = {c1, c2, ..., c3}. ε ,...,c n Compare the predator population sizes in the dataset b = {b1, b2, ..., b} to the reasonable ranges; compare the current predator population sizes in the dataset b = {b1, b2, ..., b}. β ,...,b m The population size data of each predator in} and the reasonable range of predator population size set d={d1,d2,...,d β ,...,d m Compare the reasonable range of predator population size in the corresponding data.

[0020] S23. If the current predator population size dataset contains predator population size data that is outside the reasonable range of predator population size, or if the current prey population size dataset contains prey population size data that is outside the reasonable range of prey population size, an alarm shall be issued; otherwise, no alarm shall be issued.

[0021] By comparing the current population size data of predators and prey with reasonable ranges through the above steps, it can be determined whether the ecological environment is in a normal state. If the population size data of predators or prey is found to be outside the reasonable range, the system will issue an alarm to remind relevant departments to take measures to prevent further deterioration of the ecological environment. This mechanism can effectively protect the marine ecological environment and maintain ecological balance.

[0022] Preferably, step S3 includes the following steps:

[0023] S31. Collect historical pollutant concentration data, including the pollutant concentration observation values ​​at each time point;

[0024] S32. Construct a model P that shows the trend of pollutant concentration changing over time. t =P0 + wt; where P t P0 represents the initial pollutant concentration, and w represents the rate of increase of the pollutant concentration.

[0025] S33. Based on historical pollutant concentration data, use the least squares method to calculate the growth rate of pollutant concentration;

[0026] By collecting historical pollutant concentration data through the above steps, constructing a trend model of pollutant concentration changes over time, and using the least squares method to solve for the growth rate of pollutant concentration, it is possible to accurately predict future trends in pollutant concentration. This predictive capability helps relevant departments to understand changes in pollutant concentration in a timely manner, formulate corresponding pollution control measures, prevent excessive accumulation and diffusion of pollutants, and thus protect the safety of the nearshore ecological environment. At the same time, this trend prediction also helps to evaluate and optimize existing pollution control strategies and improve the effectiveness of pollution control.

[0027] Preferably, step S33 includes the following steps:

[0028] S331. For each pollutant concentration observation, calculate the error between the pollutant concentration prediction value of the trend-following model and the actual pollutant concentration observation value, and then calculate the sum of squared errors.

[0029] S332. Find the value of w that minimizes the sum of squared errors by solving an optimization problem; this optimization problem can be expressed as: Among them, P i P represents the actual observed pollutant concentration.i ′ represents the predicted value of pollutant concentration obtained using the trend-following model, and u represents the number of pollutant concentration observations;

[0030] The growth rate w of pollutant concentration is obtained by solving the optimization problem.

[0031] By calculating the error between the pollutant concentration prediction value of the trend-following model and the actual pollutant concentration observation value through the above steps, and solving the optimization problem using the least squares method, the pollutant concentration growth rate w that minimizes the sum of squared errors can be found, which can effectively improve the accuracy of pollutant concentration prediction.

[0032] Preferably, step S4 includes the following steps:

[0033] S41. Based on the interaction between nearshore environmental pollutant concentrations and various organisms in the ecological environment, construct a nearshore ecosystem dynamics model; the formula for the nearshore ecosystem dynamics model is as follows.

[0034]

[0035] in, g1N1N2 represents the natural mortality rate of prey, g1N1N2 represents the predation mortality rate of prey, and -h1N1P represents the predation mortality rate of prey. t This indicates the impact of pollutants on prey populations, where h1 is the coefficient representing the impact of pollutants on prey populations. g2N1N2 represents the predator's natural mortality rate, g2N1N2 represents the predator's predation benefit, and -h2N2P represents the predator's natural mortality rate. t This indicates the impact of pollutants on predators, where h2 is the coefficient representing the impact of pollutants on the predator population.

[0036] The above steps have led to the construction of a nearshore ecosystem dynamics model. This model considers the interaction between pollutant concentrations and various organisms in the ecosystem. The model formulas include the natural mortality rate of predators and prey, predation mortality rate, predation yield, and the impact of pollutants on them. It can simulate the population changes of predators and prey in the nearshore ecosystem and predict the ecological environment status at future times.

[0037] Preferably, step S5 includes the following steps:

[0038] S51. Given the current predator population size dataset a = {a1, a2, ..., a...} ε ,...,a n Data on the population size of each predator in the dataset b = {b1, b2, ..., b}, and the current population size of the prey. β ,...,b mSubstituting the predator population size data, current pollutant concentration e, and future time data from each predator population in the dataset into the nearshore ecosystem dynamics model formula, we obtain the predator population size dataset p = {p1, p2, ..., p} at future time. ε ,...,p n The dataset q = {q1, q2, ..., q} represents the future prey population size. β ,...,q m}, where n represents the total number of predator species in the nearshore ecosystem and m represents the total number of prey species in the nearshore ecosystem;

[0039] S52. Given a dataset of predator population sizes at future time points, p = {p1, p2, ..., p...} ε ,...,p n The population size data for each predator in the data set is compared with the reasonable range set of predator population size c = {c1, c2, ..., c3}. ε ,...,c n Compare the reasonable range of predator population size in the dataset q = {q1, q2, ..., q}; and compare the future predator population size dataset q = {q1, q2, ..., q}. β ,...,q m The population size data of each predator in} and the reasonable range of predator population size set d={d1,d2,...,d β ,...,d m Compare the reasonable range of predator population size in the corresponding data.

[0040] S53. If the predator population size data in the future predator population size dataset is outside the reasonable range of the predator population size, or if the prey population size data in the future prey population size dataset is outside the reasonable range of the prey population size, an early warning shall be issued; otherwise, no early warning shall be issued.

[0041] By substituting the above steps into the current population size data of predators and prey, the current pollutant concentration, and future time data into the nearshore ecosystem dynamics model, the population size of predators and prey at future times is predicted. Then, the predicted population size is compared with a set reasonable range. If the predicted population size exceeds the reasonable range, an early warning is issued. This early warning mechanism helps to promptly identify potential problems in the ecological environment, providing a basis for relevant departments to take preventive measures, thereby protecting the stability and health of the nearshore ecological environment.

[0042] A system for early warning and dynamic process analysis of nearshore ecological environment safety includes a sensor deployment module, a data collection module, a module for determining whether the current ecological environment is safe, a module for solving the pollutant concentration trend conformity model, a module for constructing a nearshore ecosystem dynamic model, and a module for determining whether the future ecological environment is safe.

[0043] The sensor deployment module is used to deploy sensors at appropriate monitoring locations according to monitoring needs and the nearshore marine environment.

[0044] The data collection module is used to collect pollutant concentrations in the current nearshore environment based on sensors, and to collect population size data of predators and prey in the nearshore ecological environment based on sensors and satellite remote sensing technology.

[0045] The module for determining whether the current ecological environment is safe is used to set a reasonable range set for predator population size and a reasonable range set for prey population size, detect whether the current predator population size and the current prey population size are within the reasonable range of predator population size and the reasonable range of prey population size, and determine whether to issue an alarm based on the detection results;

[0046] The pollutant concentration trend solution is obtained by the model module used to solve the trend of pollutant concentration change over time.

[0047] The aforementioned nearshore ecosystem dynamics model is used to solve the relationship between predators, prey, and pollutant concentrations in the nearshore ecological environment.

[0048] The module for determining whether the future ecological environment is safe is used to predict whether the future nearshore ecosystem is safe based on current nearshore ecological environment data and nearshore ecosystem dynamics models.

[0049] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0050] This invention, by deploying sensors in the nearshore environment, collects real-time data on nearshore pollution and the population size of predators and prey in the ecological environment, which can comprehensively and accurately reflect the current status and changing trends of the nearshore ecological environment. By setting reasonable ranges for the population size of predators and prey, timely detection and alerts can be issued, providing strong support for the protection of the marine ecological environment.

[0051] This invention constructs a trend-following model of pollutant concentration changes over time and uses historical pollutant concentration data to solve for the specific parameter values ​​of the model; based on the interaction between pollutant concentration in the nearshore environment and various organisms in the ecological environment, a dynamic model of the nearshore ecosystem is constructed; by inputting current data into the model, the ecological environment status at future moments can be predicted, providing a basis for formulating scientific ecological environment protection and restoration strategies.

[0052] This invention comprehensively considers various factors such as pollutant concentration and predator and prey population size to construct a relatively comprehensive nearshore ecosystem dynamics model. By inputting current data into the model, the ecological environment status at future moments can be predicted, providing a basis for formulating scientific ecological environment protection and restoration strategies. At the same time, this invention also provides an early warning mechanism that can promptly detect and address ecological environment problems, preventing ecological disasters from occurring.

[0053] Of course, any product implementing this invention does not necessarily need to achieve all of the advantages described above at the same time. Attached Figure Description

[0054] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the invention. For those skilled in the art, the drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0055] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the process of constructing a nearshore ecosystem dynamic model to determine whether the nearshore ecological environment is safe, in the nearshore ecological environment safety early warning and dynamic process analysis method of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0056] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0057] Example 1:

[0058] Please see Figure 1 This invention discloses a method for early warning and dynamic process analysis of nearshore ecological environment safety, comprising the following steps:

[0059] S1. Deploy sensors in the nearshore environment to collect current nearshore pollution data, and collect population size data of predators and prey in the nearshore ecological environment based on sensors and satellite remote sensing; construct current predator population size datasets and current prey population size datasets;

[0060] S1 includes the following steps:

[0061] S11. Select appropriate sensors according to monitoring needs; including sensors for monitoring nearshore marine parameters and sound sensors for collecting data on predators and prey in the nearshore ecosystem. Configure the sensors according to the nearshore environment, determine the nearshore monitoring area according to monitoring needs, and plan the layout of sensor nodes according to the characteristics of the monitoring area and the number of sensors.

[0062] S12. Install sensor nodes at the planned locations; select suitable wireless transmission technology and establish a wireless transmission network; acquire satellite remote sensing data; transmit real-time data to the central monitoring system via the wireless transmission network and satellite remote sensing.

[0063] S13. Collect the current pollutant concentration in the nearshore environment using sensors to obtain the current pollutant concentration in the nearshore environment as e;

[0064] S14. Collect population size data of predators and prey in the nearshore ecological environment using sensors and satellite remote sensing, and construct a current predator population size dataset a = {a1, a2, ..., a...} ε ,...,a n}, where a ε This represents the population size data of the ε-th predator in the current nearshore ecosystem, where n represents the total number of predator species in the nearshore ecosystem; a dataset of current predator population sizes is constructed as b = {b1, b2, ..., b...}. β ,...,b m}, where b β This represents the population size data of the βth predator in the current nearshore ecological environment, and m represents the total number of predator species in the nearshore ecological environment;

[0065] S2. Set a reasonable range set for predator population size and a reasonable range set for prey population size, detect whether the current predator population size and the current prey population size are within the reasonable range of predator population size and the reasonable range of prey population size; and determine whether to issue an alarm based on the detection results;

[0066] S2 includes the following steps:

[0067] S21. Define a reasonable range set of predator population size c = {c1, c2, ..., c...} ε ,...,c n}, where c ε Let represent the reasonable range of the population size of the ε-th predator in the nearshore ecological environment; and set the reasonable range set of predator population size d = {d1, d2, ..., d...}. β ,...,d m}, where d βThis represents the reasonable range of the population size of the βth predator in the nearshore ecosystem, where n represents the total number of predator species in the nearshore ecosystem, and m represents the total number of prey species in the nearshore ecosystem.

[0068] S22. Given the current predator population size dataset a = {a1, a2, ..., a...} ε ,...,a n The population size data for each predator in the data set is compared with the reasonable range set of predator population size c = {c1, c2, ..., c3}. ε ,...,c n Compare the predator population sizes in the dataset b = {b1, b2, ..., b} to the reasonable ranges; compare the current predator population sizes in the dataset b = {b1, b2, ..., b}. β ,...,b m The population size data of each predator in} and the reasonable range of predator population size set d={d1,d2,...,d β ,...,d m Compare the reasonable range of predator population size in the corresponding data.

[0069] S23. If the current predator population size dataset contains predator population size data that is outside the reasonable range of predator population size, or if the current prey population size dataset contains prey population size data that is outside the reasonable range of prey population size, an alarm shall be issued; otherwise, no alarm shall be issued.

[0070] S3. Collect historical pollutant concentration data, construct a trend-following model of pollutant concentration changes over time, and use historical pollutant concentration data to solve for the specific parameter values ​​of the trend-following model.

[0071] S3 includes the following steps:

[0072] S31. Collect historical pollutant concentration data, including the pollutant concentration observation values ​​at each time point;

[0073] S32. Construct a model P that shows the trend of pollutant concentration changing over time. t =P0 + wt; where P t P0 represents the initial pollutant concentration, and w represents the rate of increase of the pollutant concentration.

[0074] S33. Based on historical pollutant concentration data, use the least squares method to calculate the growth rate of pollutant concentration;

[0075] Preferably, step S33 includes the following steps:

[0076] S331. For each pollutant concentration observation, calculate the error between the pollutant concentration prediction value of the trend-following model and the actual pollutant concentration observation value, and then calculate the sum of squared errors.

[0077] S332. Find the value of w that minimizes the sum of squared errors by solving an optimization problem; this optimization problem can be expressed as: Among them, P i P represents the actual observed pollutant concentration. i ′ represents the predicted value of pollutant concentration obtained using the trend-following model, and u represents the number of pollutant concentration observations;

[0078] The growth rate w of pollutant concentration is obtained by solving the optimization problem.

[0079] S4. Construct a dynamic model of the nearshore ecosystem based on the interaction between the concentration of pollutants in the nearshore environment and various organisms in the ecological environment;

[0080] S4 includes the following steps:

[0081] S41. Based on the interaction between nearshore environmental pollutant concentrations and various organisms in the ecological environment, construct a nearshore ecosystem dynamics model; the formula for the nearshore ecosystem dynamics model is as follows.

[0082]

[0083] in, g1N1N2 represents the natural mortality rate of prey, g1N1N2 represents the predation mortality rate of prey, and -h1N1P represents the predation mortality rate of prey. t This indicates the impact of pollutants on prey populations, where h1 is the coefficient representing the impact of pollutants on prey populations. g2N1N2 represents the predator's natural mortality rate, g2N1N2 represents the predator's predation benefit, and -h2N2P represents the predator's natural mortality rate. t This indicates the impact of pollutants on predators, where h2 is the coefficient representing the impact of pollutants on the predator population.

[0084] S5. Substitute the current predator population size data, the current prey population size dataset, the current pollutant concentration, and the future time data into the nearshore ecosystem dynamics model formula to obtain the future predator population size data and the future prey population size data. Detect whether the future predator population size data and the future prey population size data are within a reasonable range, and determine whether to issue an early warning based on the detection results.

[0085] S5 includes the following steps:

[0086] S51. Given the current predator population size dataset a = {a1, a2, ..., a...}ε ,...,a n Data on the population size of each predator in the dataset b = {b1, b2, ..., b}, and the current population size of the prey. β ,...,b m Substituting the predator population size data, current pollutant concentration e, and future time data from each predator population in the dataset into the nearshore ecosystem dynamics model formula, we obtain the predator population size dataset p = {p1, p2, ..., p} at future time. ε ,...,p n The dataset q = {q1, q2, ..., q} represents the future prey population size. β ,...,q m}, where n represents the total number of predator species in the nearshore ecosystem and m represents the total number of prey species in the nearshore ecosystem;

[0087] S52. Given a dataset of predator population sizes at future time points, p = {p1, p2, ..., p...} ε ,...,p n The population size data for each predator in the data set is compared with the reasonable range set of predator population size c = {c1, c2, ..., c3}. ε ,...,c n Compare the reasonable range of predator population size in the dataset q = {q1, q2, ..., q}; and compare the future predator population size dataset q = {q1, q2, ..., q}. β ,...,q m The population size data of each predator in} and the reasonable range of predator population size set d={d1,d2,...,d β ,...,d m Compare the reasonable range of predator population size in the corresponding data.

[0088] S53. If the predator population size data in the future predator population size dataset is outside the reasonable range of the predator population size, or if the prey population size data in the future prey population size dataset is outside the reasonable range of the prey population size, an early warning shall be issued; otherwise, no early warning shall be issued.

[0089] Example 2:

[0090] A nearshore ecological environment safety early warning and dynamic process analysis system includes a sensor deployment module, a data collection module, a module for determining whether the current ecological environment is safe, a module for solving the pollutant concentration trend conformity model, a module for constructing a nearshore ecosystem dynamic model, and a module for determining whether the future ecological environment is safe.

[0091] The sensor deployment module is used to deploy sensors at appropriate monitoring locations according to monitoring needs and the nearshore marine environment.

[0092] The data collection module is used to collect pollutant concentrations in the current nearshore environment based on sensors, and to collect population size data of predators and prey in the nearshore ecological environment based on sensors and satellite remote sensing technology.

[0093] The module for determining whether the current ecological environment is safe is used to set a reasonable range set for predator population size and a reasonable range set for prey population size, detect whether the current predator population size and the current prey population size are within the reasonable range of predator population size and the reasonable range of prey population size, and determine whether to issue an alarm based on the detection results;

[0094] The pollutant concentration trend solution is obtained by the model module used to solve the trend of pollutant concentration change over time.

[0095] The aforementioned nearshore ecosystem dynamics model is used to solve the relationship between predators, prey, and pollutant concentrations in the nearshore ecological environment.

[0096] The module for determining whether the future ecological environment is safe is used to predict whether the future nearshore ecosystem is safe based on current nearshore ecological environment data and nearshore ecosystem dynamics models.

[0097] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "an embodiment," "example," "specific example," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0098] The preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed above are merely illustrative of the invention. These preferred embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the invention to the specific implementations described. Clearly, many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of the invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the invention.

Claims

1. A method for early warning and dynamic process analysis of nearshore ecological environment safety, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Deploy sensors in the nearshore environment to collect current nearshore pollution data, and collect population size data of predators and prey in the nearshore ecological environment based on sensors and satellite remote sensing; construct current predator population size datasets and current prey population size datasets; S2. Set a reasonable range set for predator population size and a reasonable range set for prey population size, detect whether the current predator population size and the current prey population size are within the reasonable range of predator population size and the reasonable range of prey population size; and determine whether to issue an alarm based on the detection results; S3. Collect historical pollutant concentration data, construct a trend-following model of pollutant concentration changes over time, and use historical pollutant concentration data to solve for the specific parameter values ​​of the trend-following model. S3 includes the following steps: S33. Based on historical pollutant concentration data, use the least squares method to calculate the growth rate of pollutant concentration; S33 includes the following steps: S331. For each pollutant concentration observation, calculate the error between the pollutant concentration prediction value of the trend-following model and the actual pollutant concentration observation value, and then calculate the sum of squared errors. S332. Find the value of w that minimizes the sum of squared errors by solving an optimization problem; this optimization problem can be expressed as: Among them, P i P represents the actual observed pollutant concentration. i ′ represents the predicted value of pollutant concentration obtained using the trend-following model, and u represents the number of pollutant concentration observations; The growth rate w of pollutant concentration is obtained by solving the optimization problem. S4. Construct a dynamic model of the nearshore ecosystem based on the interaction between the concentration of pollutants in the nearshore environment and various organisms in the ecological environment; S4 includes the following steps: S41. Based on the interaction between nearshore environmental pollutant concentrations and various organisms in the ecological environment, construct a nearshore ecosystem dynamics model; the formula for the nearshore ecosystem dynamics model is as follows. in, g1N1N2 represents the natural mortality rate of prey, g1N1N2 represents the predation mortality rate of prey, and -h1N1P represents the predation mortality rate of prey. t This indicates the impact of pollutants on prey populations, where h1 is the coefficient representing the impact of pollutants on prey populations. g2N1N2 represents the predator's natural mortality rate, g2N1N2 represents the predator's predation benefit, and -h2N2P represents the predator's natural mortality rate. t The value of P represents the impact of pollutants on predators, where h2 is the coefficient of the pollutant's impact on the predator population. t It represents the pollutant concentration at time t. S5. Substitute the current predator population size data, the current prey population size dataset, the current pollutant concentration, and the future time data into the nearshore ecosystem dynamics model formula to obtain the future predator population size data and the future prey population size data. Detect whether the future predator population size data and the future prey population size data are within a reasonable range, and determine whether to issue an early warning based on the detection results.

2. The method for early warning and dynamic process analysis of nearshore ecological environment safety according to claim 1, characterized in that, S1 includes the following steps: S11. Select appropriate sensors according to monitoring needs, configure sensors according to the nearshore environment, determine the nearshore monitoring area according to monitoring needs, and plan the layout of sensor nodes according to the characteristics of the monitoring area and the number of sensors. S12. Install sensor nodes at the planned locations; Select a suitable wireless transmission technology and establish a wireless transmission network; acquire satellite remote sensing data; transmit real-time data to the central monitoring system through the wireless transmission network and satellite remote sensing. S13. Collect the current pollutant concentration in the nearshore environment using sensors to obtain the current pollutant concentration in the nearshore environment as e; S14. Collect population size data of predators and prey in the nearshore ecological environment using sensors and satellite remote sensing, and construct a current predator population size dataset a = {a1, a2, ..., a...} ε ,...,a n }, where a ε This represents the population size data of the ε-th predator in the current nearshore ecosystem, where n represents the total number of predator species in the nearshore ecosystem; a dataset of current predator population sizes is constructed as b = {b1, b2, ..., b...}. β ,...,b m }, where b β This represents the population size data of the βth predator in the current nearshore ecological environment, and m represents the total number of predator species in the nearshore ecological environment.

3. The method for early warning and dynamic process analysis of nearshore ecological environment safety according to claim 1, characterized in that, S2 includes the following steps: S21. Define a reasonable range set of predator population size c = {c1, c2, ..., c...} ε ,...,c n }, where c ε Let represent the reasonable range of the population size of the ε-th predator in the nearshore ecological environment; and set the reasonable range set of predator population size d = {d1, d2, ..., d...}. β ,...,d m }, where d β This represents the reasonable range of the population size of the βth predator in the nearshore ecosystem, where n represents the total number of predator species in the nearshore ecosystem, and m represents the total number of prey species in the nearshore ecosystem. S22. Given the current predator population size dataset a = {a1, a2, ..., a...} ε ,...,a n The population size data for each predator in the data set is compared with the reasonable range set of predator population size c = {c1, c2, ..., c3}. ε ,...,c n Compare the predator population sizes in the dataset b = {b1, b2, ..., b} to the reasonable ranges; compare the current predator population sizes in the dataset b = {b1, b2, ..., b}. β ,...,b m The population size data of each predator in} and the reasonable range of predator population size set d={d1,d2,...,d β ,...,d m Compare the reasonable range of predator population size in the corresponding data. S23. If the current predator population size dataset contains predator population size data that is outside the reasonable range of predator population size, or if the current prey population size dataset contains prey population size data that is outside the reasonable range of prey population size, an alarm shall be issued; otherwise, no alarm shall be issued.

4. The method for early warning and dynamic process analysis of nearshore ecological environment safety according to claim 1, characterized in that, S3 further includes the following steps: S31. Collect historical pollutant concentration data, including the pollutant concentration observation values ​​at each time point; S32. Construct a model P that shows the trend of pollutant concentration changing over time. t =P0 + wt; where P t P0 represents the initial pollutant concentration, and w represents the rate of increase of the pollutant concentration.

5. The method for early warning and dynamic process analysis of nearshore ecological environment safety according to claim 1, characterized in that, S5 includes the following steps: S51. Given the current predator population size dataset a = {a1, a2, ..., a...} ε ,...,a n Data on the population size of each predator in the dataset b = {b1, b2, ..., b}, and the current population size of the prey. β ,...,b m Substituting the predator population size data, current pollutant concentration e, and future time data from each predator population in the dataset into the nearshore ecosystem dynamics model formula, we obtain the predator population size dataset p = {p1, p2, ..., p} at future time. ε ,...,p n The dataset q = {q1, q2, ..., q} represents the future prey population size. β ,...,q m }, where n represents the total number of predator species in the nearshore ecosystem and m represents the total number of prey species in the nearshore ecosystem; S52. Given a dataset of predator population sizes at future time points, p = {p1, p2, ..., p...} ε ,...,p n The population size data for each predator in the data set is compared with the reasonable range set of predator population size c = {c1, c2, ..., c3}. ε ,...,c n Compare the reasonable range of predator population size in the dataset q = {q1, q2, ..., q}; and compare the future predator population size dataset q = {q1, q2, ..., q}. β ,...,q m The population size data of each predator in} and the reasonable range of predator population size set d={d1,d2,...,d β ,...,d m Compare the reasonable range of predator population size in the corresponding data. S53. If the predator population size data in the future predator population size dataset is outside the reasonable range of the predator population size, or if the prey population size data in the future prey population size dataset is outside the reasonable range of the prey population size, an early warning shall be issued; otherwise, no early warning shall be issued.

6. A system for implementing the nearshore ecological environment safety early warning and dynamic process analysis method as described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that... Includes: sensor deployment module, data collection module, module for determining the safety of the current ecological environment, module for solving the pollutant concentration trend model, module for constructing a nearshore ecosystem dynamics model, and module for determining the safety of the future ecological environment; The sensor deployment module is used to deploy sensors at appropriate monitoring locations according to monitoring needs and the nearshore marine environment. The data collection module is used to collect pollutant concentrations in the current nearshore environment based on sensors, and to collect population size data of predators and prey in the nearshore ecological environment based on sensors and satellite remote sensing technology. The module for determining whether the current ecological environment is safe is used to set a reasonable range set for predator population size and a reasonable range set for prey population size, detect whether the current predator population size and the current prey population size are within the reasonable range of predator population size and the reasonable range of prey population size, and determine whether to issue an alarm based on the detection results; The pollutant concentration trend solution is obtained by the model module used to solve the trend of pollutant concentration change over time. The aforementioned nearshore ecosystem dynamics model is used to solve the relationship between predators, prey, and pollutant concentrations in the nearshore ecological environment. The module for determining whether the future ecological environment is safe is used to predict whether the future nearshore ecosystem is safe based on current nearshore ecological environment data and nearshore ecosystem dynamics models.

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