Cutting seedling raising method for persimmon rootstock

Abstract

The invention discloses a cutting seedling raising method for persimmon rootstocks, which comprises the following steps: cutting off trunks at the beginning of March, retaining root systems and stump growth root tillers, then selecting one-year-old branches which grow robustly and have plump buds, cutting into cutting slips, soaking the base parts of the cutting slips with auxin, and cutting the cutting slips into seedlings; and finally, filling a seedling culture container with a seedling culture medium, inserting the treated base parts of the cutting slips into the medium, and placing the seedling culture container in a breeding shed for seedling culture. According to the technical scheme, the cutting slip collection and cuttage time is optimized, a field seedbed full-illumination mist twig cuttage method is adopted, pesticides are applied in a reasonable period, proper conditions are provided, and technical support is provided for variety and large-scale application of sweet persimmon excellent rootstocks.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of crop planting and seedling raising, and more particularly to a cutting seedling raising method for persimmon rootstock. Background Art

[0002] Persimmon is one of the important fruit tree species in my country. It has a long cultivation history, rich germplasm resources, and high nutritional and medicinal value.

[0003] Persimmon varieties are divided into two categories: sweet persimmons and astringent persimmons. After ripening, the sweet persimmon fruit can naturally lose its astringency on the tree without any artificial processing and can be eaten crisply, which improves the fresh eating experience of persimmon fruit, is convenient for storage and transportation, and has higher economic value. It is the type of variety that the world persimmon industry focuses on developing at present and in the future. Most of the sweet persimmon varieties currently cultivated are introduced from Japan, and some high-quality sweet persimmon varieties are incompatible with the commonly used rootstock Junqianzi in my country.

[0004] In recent years, persimmon researchers have selected and bred some widely compatible rootstocks, such as small-fruit sweet persimmon and Yalin No. 6, but most of them are suitable for the southern climate, have poor cold resistance, and have difficulty overwintering in northern regions. Widely compatible sweet persimmon rootstocks 'Taifu' and '0562' have strong cold resistance and have been protected by the national plant variety rights. They have been promoted and applied in northern production areas such as Shandong, Shanxi, Henan, and Shaanxi, but the lack of scientific seedling cultivation methods has limited their variety and large-scale application. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a method for raising seedlings by cuttings of persimmon rootstock, which adopts the following technical scheme:

[0006] A method for raising seedlings by cuttings of persimmon rootstocks comprises the following steps:

[0007] (1) Cut off the trunk in early March, leaving the root system and stump to grow roots;

[0008] (2) Select one-year-old branches with strong growth and full buds and cut them into cuttings;

[0009] (3) soaking the base of the cuttings with auxin;

[0010] (4) Filling a seedling raising medium into a seedling raising container, inserting the base of the cuttings treated in step (3) into the medium, and placing the cuttings in a breeding shed for seedling raising.

[0011] Preferably, in step (2), cuttings are collected from mid-June to early July.

[0012] More preferably, in step (2), the cuttings are collected in mid-June and processed before being implanted.

[0013] Preferably, the cuttings in step (2) are 3-4 cm long, the bottom of the cuttings are cut into a 45-degree slope, and axillary buds or single bud cuttings are selected.

[0014] Preferably, the auxin in step (3) is one or more of IBA and citric acid.

[0015] Furthermore, the concentration of IBA is 3000 mg / L, and the concentration of citric acid is 0.3%.

[0016] Preferably, the seedling raising container in step (4) is a seedling raising basket or a seedling raising plug tray, and the seedling raising matrix is ​​a potting matrix Metro-Mix 360 or a mixed matrix with peat soil and rice husk in a mass ratio of 1:1.

[0017] Preferably, the seedling raising in the breeding shed in step (4) can adopt a mist irrigation system, which is a system that uses high-pressure atomization technology for irrigation. Its core principle is to pressurize water through mechanical and power equipment and spray it into the air through a nozzle to form fine water mist or mist, which is evenly sprinkled on the crops. This irrigation method simulates the process of natural rainfall, but compared with natural rainfall, mist irrigation can more accurately control the amount of water, spraying range and irrigation frequency, thereby achieving a water-saving irrigation effect.

[0018] The specific working principle of the mist irrigation system:

[0019] Pressurization and transmission: The mist irrigation system pressurizes water through a water pump or utilizes the drop of natural water sources and transmits it to the sprinkler through pipes. The pipes are mostly made of plastic materials, such as PVC or PE pipes. These materials have good hydraulic properties, corrosion resistance and long life, reducing maintenance and replacement costs;

[0020] Atomization spraying: At the nozzle, water is decomposed into fine water mist or fog through high-pressure atomization technology. These water mists can evenly cover the leaves and backs of crops, improve the utilization rate of pesticides and fertilizers, and effectively inhibit the occurrence of diseases and insect pests;

[0021] Timed and quantitative fertilization and pesticide application: The system can apply fertilizer and pesticides at a fixed time and in a fixed quantity according to the different growth stages of crops, ensuring that crops receive an appropriate amount of water and nutrients at different growth stages.

[0022] It can be seen from the above technical scheme that compared with the prior art, the present invention discloses a method for raising seedlings by cuttings for persimmon rootstocks, optimizes the time of collecting cuttings and cuttings, adopts the method of full-light misting softwood cuttings in the field seedbed, applies pesticides at a reasonable time, provides suitable conditions, and provides technical support for the variety and large-scale application of excellent sweet persimmon rootstocks. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying creative work.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the cutting position;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the roots of cuttings in the commercial potting medium Metro-Mix 360;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the roots of cuttings in peat soil + rice husks. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] Example 1

[0029] The method for raising seedlings by cuttings of persimmon rootstock comprises the following steps:

[0030] (1) Cut off the trunk in early March, leaving the roots and stump to grow rootlets. The roots will produce a large number of rootlets in May, and the tree will be 1.5 meters tall in August.

[0031] (2) Collect cuttings in mid-June, select one-year-old branches with strong growth and full buds, cut them into cuttings with a length of 3-4 cm, cut the lower end into a 45-degree slope, and use axillary buds or single bud cuttings for cuttings;

[0032] (3) soaking the base of the cuttings with an auxin, wherein the auxin is one or more of IBA and citric acid, the concentration of IBA is 3000 mg / L, and the concentration of the citric acid is 0.3%;

[0033] (4) Fill a seedling basket or seedling tray with a potting medium Metro-Mix 360 or a mixed medium with peat soil and rice husk in a mass ratio of 1:1, then insert the base of the cuttings treated in step (3) into the medium in mid-June, place the cuttings in a propagation shed, and start a mist irrigation system for seedling cultivation.

[0034] Test example

[0035] 1. Optimization of cutting collection time

[0036] The persimmon rootstock 'Taifu' was used as the experimental object. Cuttings from different parts of the plant were collected on June 14, July 8, and August 5 (see attached). Figure 1 The cuttings were processed according to the steps of the above embodiment 1, and the results are shown in Table 1:

[0037] Table 1 Rooting rate corresponding to the location and time of cutting collection

[0038]

[0039] The above results show that the node position of the cuttings does not affect the rooting rate, but the time of cutting collection affects the rooting rate. The cuttings collected in mid-June and early July have good rooting, while the cuttings collected in early August have poor rooting.

[0040] 2. Comparison of different cutting containers and substrates

[0041] Two varieties, “Taifu” and “0562”, were used for the test. The specific results are shown in Table 2 and Appendix. Figure 2-3 shown.

[0042] Table 2 Comparison of different cutting containers and substrates

[0043]

[0044] The above results show that when Metro-Mix360 is used as the substrate, the substrate becomes compact after rooting. Metro-Mix360 is used as the rooting substrate for persimmon cuttings because it is easy to manage in the later stage of rooting. However, the substrate price is higher than that of peat soil and rice husk mixed substrates, and the container has little effect on rooting.

[0045] 3. Effects of different concentrations and treatments on rooting of Taifu softwood cuttings

[0046] As shown in Table 3-5.

[0047] Table 3

[0048]

[0049]

[0050] Table 4

[0051] Citric acid concentration (%) Rooting rate (%) Average number of roots Average root length (cm) 0.1 63.5 1.96 6.38 0.2 82.9 2.72 5.29 0.3 94.1 4.91 6.05 0.4 79.0 2.95 6.27 CK 25.8 3.09 4.95

[0052] Table 5

[0053] deal with Rooting rate (%) Average number of roots Average root length (cm) 0.3% citric acid 94.1 4.91 6.05 3000mg / LIBA 91.6 5.44 5.52 CK 25.8 3.09 4.95

[0054] The above results show that different concentrations of IBA compound treatment have a significant effect on rooting, and the rooting rate of IBA 3000ppm is 91.6%; different concentrations of citric acid treatment have a significant effect on rooting, and the rooting rate of citric acid 0.3% is 94.1%.

[0055] The effects of the two different treatments on softwood cuttings were not exactly the same. There was no difference in the rooting rates between the two and both were significantly higher than CK. The average number of roots in the IBA compound treatment group was greater, while the average root length was longer after citric acid treatment.

[0056] 4. Effects of different cutting periods on rooting of softwood cuttings of persimmon rootstock

[0057] As shown in Table 6-7:

[0058] Table 6 Taifook

[0059]

[0060] Table 70562

[0061]

[0062] The above results show that different cutting periods have a significant effect on the rooting of softwood cuttings of persimmon rootstock. The low rooting rate of cuttings in August may be due to the proliferation of high-temperature pathogens, which causes a sharp increase in the rot rate of cuttings and reduces the survival rate and rooting rate of cuttings.

[0063] 5. Other factors affecting rooting of Taifu softwood cuttings

[0064] As shown in Table 8-9.

[0065] Table 8 Cutting length

[0066] Cutting length (cm) Rooting rate (%) Average number of roots Average root length (cm) 3-4 (axillary buds or single buds) 94.1 4.91 6.05 8-10(3-4 buds) 21.4 3.28 7.27 20-25(5-7 buds) 0 0 0

[0067] Table 9 Different matrices

[0068]

[0069] In this specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other. The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables professionals and technicians in this field to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be obvious to professionals and technicians in this field, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to these embodiments shown in this article, but will comply with the widest range consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A method for raising seedlings by cuttings of persimmon rootstock, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Cut off the trunk in early March, leaving the root system and stump to grow roots; (2) Select one-year-old branches with strong growth and full buds and cut them into cuttings; (3) soaking the base of the cuttings with auxin; (4) Filling a seedling raising medium into a seedling raising container, inserting the base of the cuttings treated in step (3) into the medium, and placing the cuttings in a breeding shed for seedling raising.

2. A method for raising seedlings from persimmon rootstock according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (2), cuttings are collected from mid-June to early July.

3. A method for raising seedlings from persimmon rootstock according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (2), cuttings are collected in mid-June and the cuttings are planted in mid-June.

4. A method for raising seedlings from persimmon rootstock according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length of the cuttings in step (2) is 3-4 cm, the bottom of the cuttings is cut into a 45-degree slope, and axillary buds or single bud cuttings are selected.

5. A method for raising seedlings from persimmon rootstock according to claim 1, characterized in that: The auxin in step (3) is one or more of IBA and citric acid.

6. A method for raising seedlings from persimmon rootstock according to claim 5, characterized in that: The concentration of IBA is 3000 mg / L, and the concentration of citric acid is 0.3%.

7. A method for raising seedlings from persimmon rootstock according to claim 1, characterized in that: The seedling raising container in step (4) is a seedling raising basket or a seedling raising plug tray, and the seedling raising matrix is ​​a potting matrix Metro-Mix 360 or a mixed matrix with peat soil and rice husk in a mass ratio of 1:1.

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