Overwintering heat-preservation breeding device for procambarus clarkii to appear on market in advance and construction method of overwintering heat-preservation breeding device

Abstract

The overwintering heat preservation breeding device is characterized in that the overwintering heat preservation breeding device comprises a greenhouse body, a greenhouse framework of the greenhouse body is supported by steel pipes and top steel pipes, and the outer side of the greenhouse body is made of float glass; a large culture pond is built on the left side in the greenhouse body, a plurality of independent culture ponds are built on the right side in the greenhouse body, and the independent culture ponds are not communicated with one another; a wide management channel is reserved between the culture pond and the greenhouse framework; a middle channel is reserved between the culture ponds on the two sides for water feeding and drainage and oxygen supply system building; a ventilation fan is installed on the outer side of the greenhouse framework. The overground culture pond is adopted, so that crayfish can be prevented from escaping from holes in winter and damaging the pond; in addition, matched systems such as a water inlet and drainage system, an oxygen supply system and a grass belt are matched, and breeding management is more scientific and convenient. The glass greenhouse is the development trend of a modern agricultural industrial park and has the advantages of being stable in structure, good in light transmission and good in heat preservation effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a wintering heat preservation breeding device and method for early marketing of Procambarus clarkii, belonging to the technical field of Procambarus clarkii breeding. Background Art

[0002] Crustaceans are widely distributed worldwide, and decapod crustaceans are one of the largest known groups, with nearly 15,000 species. Procambarus clarkii, commonly known as crayfish, became the leading freshwater shrimp and crab species in my country in 2023, with a culture area of ​​29.5 million mu (approximately 1.6 million hectares) and a production of 3.161 million tons. The Procambarus clarkii industry boasts a total output value of 458 billion yuan. This massive production and value requires the support of more sophisticated aquaculture technologies and facilities.

[0003] Ambient temperature significantly affects the feeding, growth, and reproduction of Procambarus clarkii. During winter, when water temperatures are low, Procambarus clarkii typically burrows into a dormant state, reducing energy consumption by reducing feeding and respiratory metabolism. However, broodstock still need to complete the incubation of fertilized eggs in their abdomens during this period. This patented method can provide effective accumulated temperature for incubation, improving the survival rate of broodstock and shortening the incubation period.

[0004] Chinese invention patent specification CN 117530223 A provides a greenhouse for completely off-season wintering aquaculture. Its structure is comprehensive, featuring a relatively complete greenhouse framework, including external plastic sheeting, internal water supply and drainage, ventilation ducts, and other basic facilities. It also includes multiple feeding devices, including a feed rack, feed box, spiral trough, drive frame, magnetic suction assembly, and ventilation components. Furthermore, multiple first heating tubes are installed within the discharge trough, each longitudinally arranged between two sets of circulating belts, enabling off-season aquaculture of brooding shrimp.

[0005] Chinese utility model patent specification CN 218680498 U provides a heat-insulating breeding greenhouse with a simple structure, including a roof and several walls. The roof and walls both include an outer surface and an inner surface. There is a cavity between the outer surface and the inner surface, which are fixedly connected by a reinforcing rib frame. It has the characteristics of simple structure, easy disassembly and installation, and can effectively insulate.

[0006] However, the above patents all have the following defects:

[0007] High construction difficulty: For example, off-season winter breeding greenhouses have complex structures and require multiple sets of ventilation ducts, feed racks and heating ducts. They are difficult to build and difficult to promote on a large scale.

[0008] High maintenance cost: Multiple heating pipes are required for heating in winter, and individual farmers do not have the need for off-season farming.

[0009] Poor insulation effect: The structure of simple greenhouses is too simple, resulting in limited usage scenarios and poor insulation effect. The exterior of existing greenhouses is still made of plastic film, which is prone to holes and damage.

[0010] Low safety: The existing greenhouses are still cultured in earthen ponds. In winter, crayfish will dig holes, causing serious damage to the ponds and some crayfish will escape. Summary of the Invention

[0011] The present invention provides a wintering heat preservation aquaculture device for early market release of Procambarus clarkii and a construction method thereof. The purpose is to utilize the aquaculture facility to improve the utilization rate of solar energy and reduce heat loss inside the facility, thereby alleviating the stress of low temperatures in winter on Procambarus clarkii and providing more effective accumulated temperature for the growth and reproduction of Procambarus clarkii.

[0012] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0013] A wintering heat preservation aquaculture device for early marketing of Procambarus clarkii comprises a greenhouse main body, wherein a greenhouse frame (1) of the greenhouse main body is supported by steel pipes (14) and top steel pipes (17), and the outer side of the greenhouse main body is formed by float glass (2); a large aquaculture pond (3) is built on the left side of the greenhouse main body, and a plurality of independent aquaculture ponds (3) are built on the right side of the greenhouse main body, and the independent aquaculture ponds (3) are not interconnected; a 1m wide management passage (4) is reserved between the aquaculture ponds (3) and the greenhouse frame (1); a 1.5m wide middle passage (5) is reserved between the aquaculture ponds (3) on both sides for access. A drainage and oxygen supply system is constructed (6); a ventilation fan (7) is installed on the outside of the greenhouse frame (1), and a ventilation fan (7) is also placed inside above the culture pond (3); a drainage valve (9) is installed at the bottom of the culture pond (3) of the middle channel (5); a drainage channel (23) is dug at the junction of the middle channel (5) and the culture pond (3); a water inlet pipe (22) and an oxygen supply pipe (10) are installed on the wall of the culture pond (3) of the middle channel (5), and the oxygen supply pipe (10) is connected to a rubber pipe (12) and an oxygen increase disk (13) at the end; one end of the oxygen supply pipe (10) is connected to a commercial blower (11).

[0014] Furthermore, a thermal insulation blanket (20) is laid above the top steel pipe (17) outside the greenhouse body, and the thermal insulation blanket (20) is opened and closed using a motor film roller (18) and a film pressing rope (19); a film roller (15) is installed above the steel pipe (14) supported horizontally inside the greenhouse body to open and close the internal plastic film (16) of the greenhouse body.

[0015] A construction method for a wintering heat preservation aquaculture device for early marketing of Procambarus clarkii comprises the following steps:

[0016] Step 1: Build a greenhouse and breeding pond according to 1-15 above;

[0017] Step 2: Around mid-September, the activity can be adjusted according to the water temperature and the culture situation. 7 days before the crayfish in the open-air earthen pond are transferred to the greenhouse, water is added to the culture pond (3) through the water supply and oxygen supply system (6). At the same time, Elodea or water peanut grass strips (21) are transplanted into the culture pond (3), with a width of 0.5m and 24 hours of uninterrupted aeration.

[0018] Step 3: Place crayfish into the left breeding pond (3) for breeding management;

[0019] Step 4: Catch the shrimps with eggs in the left culture pond (3) every 10 days and transfer them to the independent culture pond (3) on the right for separate culture;

[0020] Step 5: During the breeding period, if the weather is fine, the insulation blanket (20) is rolled up by the motor film roll (18), and the plastic film (16) is rolled up by the film roll (15), so that the greenhouse can better absorb solar energy, provide effective accumulated temperature for the hatching of the broodstock, and shorten the breeding and hatching period of the broodstock; at night or when the temperature is low for a long time, the plastic film (16) is opened and the insulation blanket (20) is put down at the same time to minimize the heat loss in the greenhouse;

[0021] Step 6: After the required month, the broodstock in the left and right ponds are harvested and sold;

[0022] Step 7: Transfer the juvenile shrimps in the independent breeding pond on the left to the large breeding pond on the right to continue breeding. At this time, the weather has warmed up, and it is necessary to put away the plastic film (16) and the insulation blanket (20), and cooperate with the ventilation fan (7) to achieve air circulation and temperature control in the greenhouse, or transfer the juvenile shrimps to an outdoor earthen pond for breeding;

[0023] Step 8: Repeat the above process.

[0024] Furthermore, the entire greenhouse frame (1) is supported by hot-dip galvanized steel pipes with a thickness of not less than Φ32×1.5 mm, and the top of the greenhouse is also supported by hot-dip galvanized steel pipes, making the greenhouse strong and corrosion-resistant, and providing a stable support for the greenhouse.

[0025] Furthermore, the outer side of the entire greenhouse frame (1) is covered with float glass (2), which has high light transmittance and good thermal insulation performance.

[0026] Furthermore, hollow bricks and cement are used to build a breeding pond (3). According to production needs, a large breeding pond (3) of 38m×5m×1.3m is usually built on the left side of the greenhouse; an independent breeding pond (3) can be built on the right side of the greenhouse. The breeding pond can be used as a hatching pond for brooding shrimp in a breeding and rearing separation mode, or multiple independent small breeding ponds (3) can be built. The independent small breeding ponds are not interconnected and can be used as independent experimental ponds for scientific research experiments.

[0027] Furthermore, a 1m wide management passage (4) is left between the breeding pond (3) and the greenhouse frame (1) for personnel passage and daily management, and a 1.5m middle passage (5) is reserved between the breeding ponds (3) on both sides for the construction of water supply and drainage and oxygen supply systems (6) as well as daily breeding management.

[0028] Furthermore, ventilation fans (7) are installed on the outside of the greenhouse frame (1), and ventilation fans (7) are also placed every 10 meters below the horizontal supporting steel pipes in the greenhouse to ensure air circulation in the greenhouse and thus regulate the temperature inside the greenhouse. The fans are 0.7 meters away from the culture pond (3);

[0029] Furthermore, the construction of the water supply and oxygen supply system (6) in step 2 is specifically performed as follows:

[0030] A water inlet pipe (7) and an oxygen supply pipe (10) are installed on the wall of the culture pond (3) near the middle channel (5), and the materials are both PVC pipes.

[0031] One end of the water inlet pipe (7) is connected to a booster pump (8) to ensure the supply of water in the pond through groundwater. The water inlet pipe is close to the wall of the breeding pond and is placed on the management channel (4).

[0032] The other end of the water inlet pipe (7) is connected to a valve (9) to achieve the separate supply of water to each breeding pond (3).

[0033] A drainage pipe (9) with a valve is installed at a hole every 4 m at the bottom of the culture pond (3) near the middle channel (5).

[0034] A circular ditch with a diameter of 10 cm is dug at the junction of the middle channel (5) and the breeding pond (3) as a drainage channel (23). The drainage channel should have a certain slope to allow water to flow naturally, thereby reducing the subsequent breeding operation costs in the greenhouse.

[0035] One end of the oxygen supply tube (10) is connected to a commercial blower (11).

[0036] The other end of the oxygen supply pipe (10) is connected to a rubber pipe (12), and the end is connected to an oxygenation disk (13) to ensure sufficient oxygen supply in the pond.

[0037] Furthermore, the greenhouse heating system is built, and the specific operations are as follows:

[0038] At a height of 0.7 m above the aquaculture pond, a steel pipe (14) is installed horizontally in the greenhouse to provide support for the greenhouse top frame on one hand and for the installation of the film roll (15) on the other hand.

[0039] The film roll (15) is responsible for the opening and closing of the plastic film (16).

[0040] A motor film roll (18) is installed on the steel pipe (17) at the top of the greenhouse, and the film pressing rope (19) is used to realize the opening and closing of the thermal insulation quilt (20). There is a motor film roll (18) on the left and right sides of the top outside the greenhouse.

[0041] Beneficial effects: The present invention aims at aquaculture production and constructs a wintering heat preservation aquaculture facility with a complete structure and long-term use, which specifically includes the following advantages:

[0042] (a) Glass is used instead of plastic film, which is not easily damaged and has a long service life. It can also improve the utilization rate of solar energy, reduce heat loss, and does not require the installation of additional heating equipment.

[0043] (b) Move away from earthen ponds and toward above-ground ponds, which provide a longer lifespan and avoid winter damage caused by crayfish burrowing.

[0044] (c) Compared with earthen ponds, ground farming has lower requirements for surrounding soil and other sites, and it is easier to observe the farming situation, and its application scenarios are more extensive.

[0045] (d) No additional heating device is required, thus reducing greenhouse operating costs. The present invention adds a retractable plastic film inside the greenhouse and a relatively cheap and durable insulation blanket outside the greenhouse. Through the matching usage method, the utilization efficiency of solar energy is improved.

[0046] (e) This invention utilizes above-ground aquaculture ponds to prevent crayfish from burrowing and escaping during winter. Furthermore, the invention incorporates a drainage system, oxygen supply system, and grass strips, making aquaculture management more scientific and convenient. Glass greenhouses are a trend in modern agricultural industrial parks, offering advantages such as a stable structure, good light transmittance, and excellent thermal insulation.

[0047] (f) The supporting breeding method of the present invention can adapt to the crayfish breeding and raising separation model currently promoted by the country, can reduce the phenomenon of inbreeding, and make breeding more scientific and reasonable.

[0048] (g) Since it is an above-ground cement breeding pond, the present invention can reasonably plan the pond size according to the current needs of crayfish scientific research and set up multiple small cement breeding ponds for scientific experiments; in contrast, although traditional earthen ponds can be equipped with cages in the ponds, they ultimately share the same breeding water body, which lacks persuasiveness. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0049] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a wintering heat preservation aquaculture facility for lobsters that can be marketed earlier according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0050] Figure 2 The present invention is a side sectional view of an overwintering heat preservation aquaculture facility for early marketing of lobsters according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0051] Figure 3 This is a top sectional view of an overwintering heat preservation aquaculture facility for early marketing of lobsters according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0052] In the figure: 1. Greenhouse frame; 2. Float glass; 3. Breeding pond; 4. Management passage; 5. Middle passage; 6. Water supply and oxygen supply system; 7. Ventilation fan; 8. Booster pump; 9. Valve; 10. Oxygen supply pipe; 11. Blower; 12. Rubber pipe; 13. Oxygen disc; 14. Steel pipe; 15. Film roller; 16. Plastic film; 17. Top steel pipe; 18. Motor film roller; 19. Film pressing rope; 20. Insulation blanket; 21. Elodea or water peanut grass strip; 22. Water inlet pipe; 23. Drainage ditch. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0053] The following is a detailed description of an embodiment of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings: This embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and a detailed implementation method and specific operation process are given, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiment.

[0054] A construction method for a wintering heat preservation aquaculture device for early marketing of Procambarus clarkii comprises the following steps:

[0055] Step 1: Build greenhouses and breeding ponds;

[0056] Step 2: 7 days before the crayfish are transferred to the greenhouse, water is added to the culture pond (3) through the water supply and oxygen supply system (6), and at the same time, Elodea or water peanut (21) is transplanted into the culture pond (3);

[0057] Step 3: Place crayfish into the left breeding pond (3);

[0058] Step 4: Catch the shrimps with eggs in the left breeding pond (3) and breed them separately in the right independent breeding pond (3);

[0059] Step 6: After the required month, the crayfish in the breeding pond will be harvested and sold.

[0060] The greenhouse frame (1) is supported by steel pipes (14) and top steel pipes (17), and the outer side is made of float glass (2); a large breeding pond (3) is built on the left side of the greenhouse, and multiple independent breeding ponds (3) are built on the right side, and the independent breeding ponds (3) are not interconnected; a 1m wide management passage (4) is left between the breeding pond (3) and the greenhouse frame (1); a 1.5m middle passage (5) is reserved between the breeding ponds (3) on both sides for the construction of water supply and drainage and oxygen supply system (6); a ventilation fan (7) is installed on the outer side of the greenhouse frame (1), and a ventilation fan (7) is also placed inside and above the breeding pond (3); a drainage valve (9) is installed at the bottom of the breeding pond (3) in the middle passage (5). ); a drainage ditch (23) is dug at the junction of the middle channel (5) and the culture pond (3); a water inlet pipe (22) and an oxygen supply pipe (10) are installed on the wall of the culture pond (3) of the middle channel (5); the oxygen supply pipe (10) is connected to a rubber pipe (12) and an oxygenation disk (13) at the end; one end of the oxygen supply pipe (10) is connected to a commercial blower (11); an insulation blanket (20) is laid above the top steel pipe (17) outside the greenhouse, and a motor film roll (18) and a film pressing rope (19) are used to realize the opening and closing of the insulation blanket (20); a film roll (15) is installed above the horizontally supported steel pipe (14) inside the greenhouse to realize the opening and closing of the plastic film (16) inside the greenhouse.

[0061] The basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention are shown and described above. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention. Various changes and modifications may be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Such changes and modifications are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection claimed in the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A wintering heat preservation and breeding device for early marketing of Procambarus clarkii, characterized in that: The greenhouse body comprises a greenhouse frame (1) of which a steel pipe (14) and a top steel pipe (17) are used as supports, and the outer side of the greenhouse body is formed by float glass (2); a large breeding pond (3) is built on the left side of the greenhouse body, and a plurality of independent breeding ponds (3) are built on the right side of the greenhouse body, and the independent breeding ponds (3) are not interconnected; a 1m wide management passage (4) is reserved between the breeding pond (3) and the greenhouse frame (1); a 1.5m wide middle passage (5) is reserved between the breeding ponds (3) on both sides for water inlet and outlet and oxygen supply system construction (6 ); a ventilation fan (7) is installed on the outside of the greenhouse frame (1), and a ventilation fan (7) is also placed inside and above the culture pool (3); a drainage valve (9) is installed at the bottom of the culture pool (3) of the middle channel (5); a drainage channel (23) is dug at the junction of the middle channel (5) and the culture pool (3); a water inlet pipe (22) and an oxygen supply pipe (10) are installed on the wall of the culture pool (3) of the middle channel (5), and the oxygen supply pipe (10) is connected to a rubber pipe (12) and an oxygen increase disk (13) at the end; one end of the oxygen supply pipe (10) is connected to a commercial blower (11).

2. The overwintering heat preservation breeding device for early marketing of Procambarus clarkii according to claim 1, characterized in that: A thermal insulation blanket (20) is laid on the top steel pipe (17) outside the greenhouse body, and the thermal insulation blanket (20) is opened and closed using a motor film roller (18) and a film pressing rope (19); a film roller (15) is installed above the internal horizontal supporting steel pipe (14) of the greenhouse body to open and close the internal plastic film (16) of the greenhouse body.

3. A construction method for the wintering heat preservation breeding device for early marketing of Procambarus clarkii as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Build a greenhouse and breeding pond according to 1-15 above; Step 2: Around mid-September, the activity can be adjusted according to the water temperature and the culture situation. Seven days before the crayfish in the open-air earth pond are transferred to the greenhouse, water is released into the culture pond (3) through the water supply and oxygen supply system (6). At the same time, Elodea or water peanut grass belt (21) is transplanted into the culture pond (3), with a width of 0.5m and 24h uninterrupted aeration; Step 3: Place crayfish into the left breeding pond (3) for breeding management; Step 4: Catch the shrimps with eggs in the left breeding pond (3) every 10 days, and transfer the shrimps with eggs to the independent breeding pond (3) on the right for separate breeding; Step 5: During the breeding period, if the weather is fine, the heat preservation blanket (20) is rolled up by the motor film roll (18), and the plastic film (16) is rolled up by the film roll (15), so that the greenhouse can better absorb solar energy, provide effective accumulated temperature for the hatching of the broodstock, and shorten the breeding and hatching period of the broodstock; at night or when the temperature is low for a long time, the plastic film (16) is opened and the heat preservation blanket (20) is put down at the same time, so as to minimize the heat loss in the greenhouse; Step 6: After the required month, the broodstock in the left and right breeding ponds are harvested and sold; Step 7: The young shrimps in the independent breeding pond on the left are transferred to the large breeding pond on the right for further breeding. At this time, the weather has warmed up, and the plastic film (16) and the insulation blanket (20) need to be put away, and the ventilation fan (7) is used to achieve air circulation and temperature control in the greenhouse, or the young shrimps are transferred to an outdoor earthen pond for breeding; Step 8: Repeat the above process.

4. The construction method of a wintering heat preservation breeding device for early marketing of Procambarus clarkii according to claim 3, characterized in that: The entire greenhouse frame (1) is supported by hot-dip galvanized steel pipes with a thickness of not less than Φ32×1.5 mm. The top of the greenhouse is also supported by hot-dip galvanized steel pipes, which makes the greenhouse strong and corrosion-resistant, and provides a stable support for the greenhouse.

5. The construction method of a wintering heat preservation breeding device for early marketing of Procambarus clarkii according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outer side of the entire greenhouse frame (1) is covered with float glass (2), which has high light transmittance and good thermal insulation performance.

6. The construction method of a wintering heat preservation breeding device for early marketing of Procambarus clarkii according to claim 3, characterized in that: Hollow bricks and cement are used to build a breeding pond (3). According to production needs, a large breeding pond (3) of 38m×5m×1.3m is usually built on the left side of the greenhouse; an independent breeding pond (3) can be built on the right side of the greenhouse, which can be used as a hatching pond for egg-bearing shrimps in a breeding and rearing separation mode, or a plurality of independent small breeding ponds (3) can be built. The independent small breeding ponds are not interconnected and can be used as independent experimental ponds for scientific research experiments.

7. The construction method of a wintering heat preservation breeding device for early marketing of Procambarus clarkii according to claim 3, characterized in that: A 1m wide management passage (4) is reserved between the breeding pond (3) and the greenhouse frame (1) for personnel passage and daily management, and a 1.5m wide middle passage (5) is reserved between the breeding ponds (3) on both sides for the construction of water supply and drainage and oxygen supply systems (6) as well as daily breeding management.

8. The construction method of a wintering heat preservation breeding device for early marketing of Procambarus clarkii according to claim 3, characterized in that: A ventilation fan (7) is installed on the outside of the greenhouse frame (1), and a ventilation fan (7) is also placed every 10 meters below the horizontal supporting steel pipe in the greenhouse to ensure air circulation in the greenhouse, thereby adjusting the temperature inside the greenhouse. The fan is 0.7 meters away from the breeding pond (3).

9. The construction method of a wintering heat preservation breeding device for early marketing of Procambarus clarkii according to claim 3, characterized in that: The construction of the water supply and oxygen supply system (6) in step 2 is specifically performed as follows: A water inlet pipe (7) and an oxygen supply pipe (10) are installed on the wall of the culture pond (3) near the middle channel (5), and the materials of both are PVC pipes. One end of the water inlet pipe (7) is connected to a booster pump (8) to ensure the supply of water in the pond through groundwater. The water inlet pipe is close to the wall of the breeding pond and is placed on the management channel (4). The other end of the water inlet pipe (7) is connected to a valve (9) to achieve the independent supply of water to each breeding pond (3). A drainage pipe (9) with a valve is installed at a hole every 4 m at the bottom of the culture pond (3) near the middle channel (5). A circular ditch with a diameter of 10 cm is dug at the junction of the middle channel (5) and the breeding pond (3) as a drainage channel (23). The drainage channel should have a certain slope to allow water to flow down naturally, thereby reducing the subsequent breeding operation costs in the greenhouse. One end of the oxygen supply tube (10) is connected to a commercial blower (11). The other end of the oxygen supply pipe (10) is connected to a rubber pipe (12), and the end is connected to an oxygenation disk (13) to ensure sufficient oxygen supply in the pond.

10. The construction method of a wintering heat preservation culture device for early marketing of Procambarus clarkii according to claim 3, characterized in that: The greenhouse heating system is built, and the specific operations are as follows: At a height of 0.7 m above the aquaculture pond, a steel pipe (14) is installed in the horizontal direction to provide support for the top frame of the greenhouse on the one hand, and to provide support for the installation of the film roll (15) on the other hand. The film roll (15) is responsible for the opening and closing of the plastic film (16). A motor film reel (18) is installed on the steel pipe (17) at the top of the greenhouse, and cooperates with the film pressing rope (19) to realize the opening and closing of the thermal insulation quilt (20). There is a motor film reel (18) on the left and right sides of the top outside the greenhouse.

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