Spacing hydraulic adjustable nut peeling machine capable of reducing breakage

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of peeling equipment, in particular to a hydraulic adjustable nut peeling machine capable of reducing crushing spacing. A feeding opening is formed in the top of an upper box body; a mounting shaft is arranged on the top wall of the upper box body, a breaking hammer is mounted on the mounting shaft, and the breaking hammer comprises a first hammer body fixedly mounted at the lower end of the mounting shaft and a second hammer body vertically mounted on the mounting shaft in a sliding manner; the lower end of the first hammer body is in an inverted cone shape, a crushing plate is arranged in the upper box body, a crushing channel is arranged between the bottom of the first hammer body and the top of the crushing plate, and a discharging hole is formed in the center of the crushing plate. The crushing plate is driven by a power device to lift; when a nut with a large size is subjected to shell breaking, the hydraulic cylinder shrinks to drive the breaking plate to descend, so that the minimum distance between the bottom of the first hammer body and the top of the breaking plate is increased; when a nut with a small size is subjected to shell breaking, the hydraulic cylinder extends to drive the breaking plate to ascend, so that the minimum distance between the bottom of the first hammer body and the top of the breaking plate is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of peeling equipment, and in particular to a hydraulically adjustable nut peeling machine capable of reducing breakage. Background Art

[0002] Nuts are rich in nutrients and are a very popular snack in daily life. However, the hard peel of nuts makes them difficult to shell, which increases the difficulty of eating nuts.

[0003] In the prior art, the utility model patent with application number CN202221676708.5 discloses an efficient nut shelling and kernel extraction machine, including a mounting shell, two shelling rollers are rotatably mounted in the mounting shell, both ends of the two shelling roller drive shafts extend out of the mounting shell, a double-axis motor is fixedly mounted on one side of the mounting shell, two first bevel teeth are respectively fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the double-axis motor, two second bevel teeth are respectively fixedly mounted on one end of the two shelling roller drive shafts, and the two second bevel teeth are respectively meshed with the corresponding two first bevel teeth. When the double-axis motor is running, it drives the shelling roller to rotate, and the nuts in the hopper will fall into the mounting shell along the opening, and then the nuts will be squeezed and shelled by the rotating shelling roller, which is not only labor-saving and convenient, but also has a relatively high shelling efficiency.

[0004] However, the distance between the two shell-breaking rollers of the shell-breaking and kernel-collecting machine cannot be adjusted, so it cannot be applied to nuts of different sizes and cannot meet production needs, and needs to be improved. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a hydraulically adjustable nut peeling machine with reduced crushing interval, wherein the crushing interval of nuts can be adjusted to solve the defects mentioned in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A hydraulically adjustable nut peeling machine for reducing crushing intervals comprises a crushing mechanism and a separation mechanism located below the crushing mechanism, the crushing mechanism comprises an upper box body, a feeding port is provided at the top of the upper box body; a mounting shaft driven by a driving device and rotating around its own axis is provided on the top wall of the upper box body, a breaker hammer is installed on the mounting shaft located in the upper box body, the breaker hammer comprises a first hammer body fixedly mounted on the lower end of the mounting shaft and a second hammer body vertically slidably mounted on the mounting shaft; the lower end of the first hammer body is in the shape of an inverted cone coaxially arranged with the mounting shaft, a crushing plate is provided in the upper box body below the breaker hammer, the crushing plate is in the shape of an inverted cone coaxially arranged with the mounting shaft, a crushing channel is provided between the bottom of the first hammer body and the top of the crushing plate, a discharge hole is provided at the center of the crushing plate; the crushing plate is driven to rise and fall by a power device.

[0008] As a further improvement, a sliding block is fixedly mounted on the crushing plate, a retaining frame is fixedly mounted on the upper box body, a sliding groove matching the sliding block is provided on the retaining frame, and the sliding groove extends vertically.

[0009] As a further improvement, the power device is a hydraulic cylinder.

[0010] As a further improvement, the vertical distance between the bottom of the first hammer body and the top of the crushing plate gradually decreases from the edge of the crushing plate toward the discharge hole.

[0011] As a further improvement, an annular seat coaxially arranged with the mounting axis is fixedly mounted on the inner side of the top wall of the upper box body, a closed cam groove is arranged around the inner circumferential wall of the annular seat, a supporting wheel matching the cam groove is mounted on the second hammer body, and when the second hammer body rotates, the cam groove acts on the supporting wheel and drives the second hammer body to reciprocate up and down.

[0012] As a further improvement, a receiving groove for accommodating the first hammer body is provided at the bottom of the second hammer body.

[0013] As a further improvement, the top of the second hammer body is conical, and the projection of the feed port along the vertical direction is located on the conical surface of the top of the second hammer body.

[0014] As a further improvement, the separation mechanism includes a lower box body, a discharge pipe is fixedly installed at the bottom of the crushing plate, the upper end of the discharge pipe is connected to the discharge hole, and the lower end extends into the lower box body; an inclined receiving plate is vertically slidably installed in the lower box body, and the high end of the receiving plate is located below the discharge pipe; a turntable driven by a driving component and rotating around its own axis is provided in the lower box body, a pin is eccentrically fixed on one side of the turntable, a connecting rod is hinged between the pin and the bottom of the receiving plate, and when the turntable rotates, the receiving plate is driven to reciprocate up and down through the connecting rod.

[0015] As a further improvement, a vertically extending sliding rod is fixedly installed at the bottom of the receiving plate, and a sleeve matching the sliding rod is fixedly installed in the lower box body.

[0016] As a further improvement, a fan is installed in the lower box body, and the air outlet end of the fan is horizontally toward the lower end of the material receiving plate. A first discharge port is provided on the bottom wall of the lower box body below the lower end of the material receiving plate, and a second discharge port is provided on the bottom wall of the lower box body on the side of the first discharge port away from the fan.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] 1. When shelling larger nuts, the hydraulic cylinder contracts to drive the crushing plate down, increasing the minimum distance between the bottom of the first hammer and the top of the crushing plate, thereby preventing the kernels from being over-crushed after shelling and improving the integrity of the kernels; when shelling smaller nuts, the hydraulic cylinder extends to drive the crushing plate up, reducing the minimum distance between the bottom of the first hammer and the top of the crushing plate, thereby preventing the nuts from falling out directly through the discharge hole without being shelled, improving the shelling efficiency, and matching nuts of different sizes;

[0019] 2. When the first motor drives the mounting shaft and the first hammer to rotate and rub and squeeze the material, the second hammer reciprocates up and down in a small range along the cam groove, and then before the nuts enter the crushing channel, the second hammer repeatedly hammers the nuts located outside the first hammer, further improving the efficiency of nut shelling;

[0020] 3. When the shelled material falls down to the receiving plate, the turntable rotates and drives the receiving plate to reciprocate up and down through the connecting rod, so that the shelled material jumps up and down on the top of the receiving plate, thereby causing the kernel to fall off from the inside of the shell to prevent the kernel from being stuck in the shell;

[0021] 4. When the shelled materials slide down through the lower end of the receiving plate, the lighter materials will be discharged to the right through the second discharge port under the blowing of the fan, and the heavier materials will be discharged directly downward through the first discharge port, so as to separate the kernels and shells. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0023] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of

[0025] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a crushing mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 is an explosion schematic diagram of a crushing mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an annular seat according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of a separation mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] In the figure: 1-upper box; 2-feeding port; 3-feeding hopper; 4-installing shaft; 5-first motor; 6-breaking hammer; 7-first hammer body; 8-second hammer body; 9-breaking plate; 10-breaking channel; 11-discharging hole; 12-guide part; 13-slider; 14-retaining frame; 15-installing hole; 16-slide groove; 17-hydraulic cylinder; 18-annular seat; 19-cam groove; 20-accommodating groove; 21-guide sleeve; 22-guide hole; 23-slide key; 24-slide groove; 25-cross bar; 26-support wheel; 27-lower box; 28-discharging pipe; 29-receiving plate; 30-slide bar; 31-sleeve; 32-pin shaft; 33-hinge seat; 34-connecting rod; 35-fan; 36-first discharging port; 37-second discharging port; 38-second motor; 39-turntable. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, a hydraulically adjustable nut peeling machine with a reduced crushing interval comprises a crushing mechanism and a separating mechanism located below the crushing mechanism.

[0032] like Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the crushing mechanism includes an upper box body 1, and a feed port 2 is provided on the top of the upper box body 1. A feed hopper 3 is welded inside the feed port 2 to facilitate adding materials into the upper box body 1. A mounting shaft 4 driven by a driving device and rotating around its own axis is provided on the top wall of the upper box body 1. The mounting shaft 4 extends vertically and is rotatably mounted on the top wall of the upper box body 1 through a bearing. A first motor 5 is installed on the top of the upper box body 1 through bolts. The first motor 5 is connected to the upper end of the mounting shaft 4 through a pair of mutually meshing bevel gears, and the mounting shaft 4 can be driven to rotate by the first motor 5; a breaker 6 is installed on the mounting shaft 4 located in the upper box body 1, and the breaker 6 includes a first hammer body 7 fixedly mounted on the lower end of the mounting shaft 4. And a second hammer body 8 vertically slidably installed on the mounting shaft 4; the first hammer body 7 is generally cylindrical and coaxially arranged with the mounting shaft 4, the lower end of the mounting shaft 4 is fixedly connected to the top of the first hammer body 7 by bolts, and the lower end of the first hammer body 7 is in an inverted cone shape coaxially arranged with the mounting shaft 4; a crushing plate 9 is provided in the upper box body 1 below the breaker 6, and the crushing plate 9 is in an inverted cone shape coaxially arranged with the mounting shaft 4, a crushing channel 10 is provided between the bottom of the first hammer body 7 and the top of the crushing plate 9, and a discharge hole 11 is provided at the center of the crushing plate 9.

[0033] Materials are added into the upper box body 1 through the feed inlet 2, and the materials first fall downward onto the crushing plate 9 and move toward the discharge hole 11 along the inverted cone-shaped crushing plate 9. When the materials enter the crushing channel 10 between the first hammer body 7 and the crushing plate 9, the first motor 5 drives the mounting shaft 4 and the first hammer body 7 to rotate, and the first hammer body 7 and the crushing plate 9 cooperate to rub and squeeze the materials to crack the nuts, and finally the shelled materials are discharged through the discharge hole 11.

[0034] In addition, the vertical distance between the bottom of the first hammer 7 and the top of the crushing plate 9 gradually decreases from the edge of the crushing plate 9 toward the discharge hole 11, so that the material falling onto the crushing plate 9 can more easily enter the crushing channel 10, thereby improving the shelling efficiency of nuts.

[0035] The crushing plate 9 is driven to rise and fall by a power device. Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the periphery of the crushing plate 9 is integrally formed with a guide portion 12 extending upward in a ring shape, and a slider 13 is integrally formed on the outer peripheral surface of the guide portion 12. There are multiple sliders 13 and they are evenly spaced along the circumference of the guide portion 12; a retainer 14 is fixedly installed in the upper box body 1 by bolts, and a mounting hole 15 is vertically penetrated on the retainer 14, and the inner diameter of the mounting hole 15 matches the outer diameter of the guide portion 12. A slide groove 16 corresponding to the slider 13 is provided on the inner wall of the mounting hole 15, and the slide groove 16 extends vertically. The slider 13 is slidably installed in the corresponding slide groove 16, which can improve the stability of the crushing plate 9 moving up and down. The power device is specifically a hydraulic cylinder 17 with a piston rod extending upward. Two hydraulic cylinders 17 are arranged opposite to each other on the left and right, and the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 17 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the crushing plate 9 by bolts. The crushing plate 9 can be driven to move up and down by the extension and retraction of the hydraulic cylinder 17, so as to adjust the distance between the bottom of the first hammer body 7 and the top of the crushing plate 9. Specifically, when shelling larger nuts, the crushing plate 9 is driven down by the contraction of the hydraulic cylinder 17, so that the minimum distance between the bottom of the first hammer body 7 and the top of the crushing plate 9 is increased, thereby avoiding excessive crushing of the kernel after the nuts are shelled and improving the integrity of the kernels; when shelling smaller nuts, the crushing plate 9 is driven up by the extension of the hydraulic cylinder 17, so that the minimum distance between the bottom of the first hammer body 7 and the top of the crushing plate 9 is reduced, thereby avoiding the nuts from falling out directly through the discharge hole 11 without being shelled, thereby improving the shelling efficiency.

[0036] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, an annular seat 18 coaxially arranged with the installation shaft 4 is fixedly installed on the inner side of the top wall of the upper box body 1 by bolts, and a closed cam groove 19 is arranged around the inner peripheral wall of the annular seat 18, and the cam groove 19 is undulating in a wave-like manner; the second hammer body 8 is cylindrical as a whole and coaxially arranged with the installation shaft 4, and a receiving groove 20 for accommodating the first hammer body 7 is arranged at the bottom of the second hammer body 8, and a guide hole 22 penetrating upwardly through the second hammer body 8 is arranged on the top wall of the receiving groove 20, and the guide hole 22 is slidably sleeved on the outer side of the installation shaft 4 between the top wall of the upper box body 1 and the first hammer body 7, and a sliding key 23 is embedded on the outer side of the installation shaft 4 A sliding groove 24 matching the sliding key 23 is provided on the inner wall of the guide hole 22, and the sliding groove 24 extends vertically. The sliding key 23 is slidably installed in the sliding groove 24 to limit the relative rotation between the second hammer body 8 and the mounting shaft 4; the top of the second hammer body 8 located around the guide hole 22 extends upward to form a guide sleeve 21, and a cross bar 25 extending radially along the mounting shaft 4 is welded on the outer wall of the guide sleeve 21. A support wheel 26 matching the cam groove 19 is rotatably installed on the cross bar 25 through a bearing. When the second hammer body 8 rotates, the cam groove 19 acts on the support wheel 26 and drives the second hammer body 8 to reciprocate up and down.

[0037] In the process of the first motor 5 driving the installation shaft 4 and the first hammer body 7 to rotate and rub and squeeze the material, the installation shaft 4 drives the second hammer body 8 to rotate synchronously, and the second hammer body 8 drives the support wheel 26 to move along the wavy cam groove 19, so that the second hammer body 8 reciprocates up and down in a small range along the cam groove 19, and then before the nuts enter the crushing channel 10, the nuts located outside the first hammer body 7 are repeatedly hammered by the second hammer body 8 in advance, so as to further improve the efficiency of breaking the nuts. In addition, the bottom of the second hammer body 8 is provided with an inverted conical surface matching the bottom of the first hammer body 7. When the second hammer body 8 moves to the highest point, the inverted conical surface at the bottom of the second hammer body 8 coincides with the inverted conical surface at the bottom of the first hammer body 7.

[0038] like Figure 3 As shown, the top of the second hammer body 8 is conical, and the projection of the feed port 2 along the vertical direction is located on the conical surface of the top of the second hammer body 8, thereby preventing materials from piling up on the top of the second hammer body 8.

[0039] like Figure 2 and Figure 6 As shown, the separation mechanism includes a long strip lower box 27, the upper box 1 is fixedly mounted on the top of one end of the lower box 27 along the length direction by bolts, and the lower box 27 closes the lower end of the upper box 1, and the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder 17 is fixedly mounted on the top of the lower box 27 by bolts. A discharge pipe 28 extending downward is welded to the bottom of the crushing plate 9, the upper end of the discharge pipe 28 is connected to the discharge hole 11, and the lower end extends into the lower box 27, and a through hole for the discharge pipe 28 to pass through is provided on the top wall of the lower box 27.

[0040] A long strip-shaped receiving plate 29 is vertically slidably installed in the lower box 27. Four vertically extending sliding rods 30 are fixedly installed at the bottom of the receiving plate 29 by bolts. Sleeves 31 corresponding to the sliding rods are fixedly installed on the inner side of the bottom wall of the lower box 27 by bolts. The sliding rods 30 are slidably sleeved in the corresponding sleeves 31 to provide support and guidance for the receiving plate 29. The receiving plate 29 is inclined and lowered at one end along the length direction. The high end of the receiving plate 29 is located below the discharge pipe 28. When the shelled material is discharged through the discharge hole 11, it first falls downward through the discharge pipe 28 to the receiving plate 29, and slides rightward along the inclined receiving plate 29 to its lower end.

[0041] A second motor 38 with a horizontally extending rotating shaft is installed on the inner side of the bottom wall of the lower box body 27 by bolts, and a coaxially arranged turntable 39 is fixedly installed on the rotating shaft of the second motor 38. An eccentrically arranged pin shaft 32 is embedded in one side of the turntable 39. A hinge seat 33 is provided at the bottom of the receiving plate 29 located directly above the turntable 39, and a connecting rod 34 is hinged between the pin shaft 32 and the hinge seat 33. When the turntable 39 rotates, the connecting rod 34 drives the receiving plate 29 to reciprocate up and down, so that the shelled material jumps up and down on the top of the receiving plate 29, thereby prompting the kernel to fall off from the inside of the shell to prevent the kernel from being stuck in the shell.

[0042] A fan 35 is installed on the inner side of the bottom wall of the lower box 27 by bolts. The fan 35 is located below the receiving plate 29. The air outlet of the fan 35 is horizontally facing rightward toward the lower end of the receiving plate 29. A first discharge port 36 is provided on the bottom wall of the lower box 27 located below the lower end of the receiving plate 29, and a second discharge port 37 is provided on the bottom wall of the lower box 27 located on the right side of the first discharge port 36. When the shelled materials slide down through the lower end of the receiving plate 29, the lighter materials will be discharged to the right through the second discharge port 37 under the blowing of the fan 35, and the heavier materials will be discharged directly downward through the first discharge port 36, so as to achieve the separation of the kernel and the shell.

[0043] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only preferred examples of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A hydraulically adjustable nut peeling machine with reduced crushing spacing, comprising a crushing mechanism and a separation mechanism located below the crushing mechanism, characterized in that: The crushing mechanism includes an upper box body, and a feed port is provided on the top of the upper box body; a mounting shaft driven by a driving device and rotating around its own axis is provided on the top wall of the upper box body, and a breaker hammer is installed on the mounting shaft located in the upper box body, and the breaker hammer includes a first hammer body fixedly installed at the lower end of the mounting shaft and a second hammer body vertically slidably installed on the mounting shaft; the lower end of the first hammer body is in an inverted cone shape coaxially arranged with the mounting shaft, and a crushing plate is provided in the upper box body below the breaker hammer, and the crushing plate is in an inverted cone shape coaxially arranged with the mounting shaft, a crushing channel is provided between the bottom of the first hammer body and the top of the crushing plate, and a discharge hole is provided at the center of the crushing plate; the crushing plate is driven to rise and fall by a power device.

2. A hydraulically adjustable nut peeling machine for reducing breakage as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A sliding block is fixedly mounted on the crushing plate, a retaining frame is fixedly mounted on the upper box body, a sliding groove matching the sliding block is provided on the retaining frame, and the sliding groove extends vertically.

3. A hydraulically adjustable nut peeling machine for reducing breakage as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The power device is a hydraulic cylinder.

4. A hydraulically adjustable nut peeling machine for reducing breakage as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The vertical distance between the bottom of the first hammer body and the top of the crushing plate gradually decreases from the edge of the crushing plate toward the discharge hole.

5. A hydraulically adjustable nut peeling machine for reducing breakage as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: An annular seat coaxially arranged with the installation axis is fixedly installed on the inner side of the top wall of the upper box body, and a closed cam groove is arranged around the inner circumferential wall of the annular seat. A supporting wheel matching the cam groove is installed on the second hammer body. When the second hammer body rotates, the cam groove acts on the supporting wheel and drives the second hammer body to reciprocate up and down.

6. A hydraulically adjustable nut peeling machine with reduced breakage as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the second hammer body is provided with an accommodating groove for accommodating the first hammer body.

7. A hydraulically adjustable nut peeling machine with reduced breakage as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the second hammer body is conical, and the projection of the feed port along the vertical direction is located on the conical surface of the top of the second hammer body.

8. A hydraulically adjustable nut peeling machine with reduced breakage as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The separation mechanism includes a lower box body, a discharge pipe is fixedly installed at the bottom of the crushing plate, the upper end of the discharge pipe is connected to the discharge hole, and the lower end extends into the lower box body; an inclined receiving plate is vertically slidably installed in the lower box body, and the high end of the receiving plate is located below the discharge pipe; a turntable driven by a driving component and rotating around its own axis is provided in the lower box body, a pin is eccentrically fixedly installed on one side of the turntable, a connecting rod is hinged between the pin and the bottom of the receiving plate, and when the turntable rotates, the receiving plate is driven to reciprocate up and down through the connecting rod.

9. A hydraulically adjustable nut peeling machine with reduced breakage as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A vertically extending sliding rod is fixedly installed at the bottom of the receiving plate, and a sleeve matching the sliding rod is fixedly installed in the lower box body.

10. A hydraulically adjustable nut peeling machine for reducing breakage as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A fan is installed in the lower box body, and the air outlet end of the fan is horizontally toward the lower end of the receiving plate. A first discharge port is provided on the bottom wall of the lower box body below the lower end of the receiving plate, and a second discharge port is provided on the bottom wall of the lower box body on the side of the first discharge port away from the fan.

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