Waste gas collection and treatment device for petroleum coke calcination and method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of waste gas treatment, in particular to a waste gas collection and treatment device for petroleum coke calcination and a method thereof.The waste gas collection and treatment device comprises a bottom plate, the bottom plate comprises a gas inlet pipe arranged above the bottom plate, and a gas pump device is fixedly installed in the gas inlet pipe and electrically connected with a controller; the waste gas treatment assembly comprises a plurality of filter cartridges which are longitudinally arranged above the bottom plate, conical lifting ring plates are elastically and slidably mounted in the filter cartridges, and activated carbon particles are filled in the filter cartridges and on the upper end surfaces of the conical lifting ring plates. Through series connection design of multiple layers of filter cartridges, activated carbon particles are automatically blown up in the waste gas flowing process, a dynamic adsorption layer is formed, the effective contact area of activated carbon is increased, the conical lifting annular plate is matched with the pressure detection element, the activated carbon adsorption quantity change is automatically detected, a regeneration program is triggered in time, and manual intervention delay is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of waste gas treatment, and in particular to a waste gas collection and treatment device for petroleum coke calcining and a method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Petroleum coke is a solid carbon material produced by high-temperature cracking of by-products of the petroleum refining process (mainly the heavy portion of crude oil). The production of petroleum coke usually occurs in the delayed coking unit of an oil refinery, where the heavy components in the crude oil (such as asphaltenes) are subjected to thermal cracking, dehydrogenation and other reactions and ultimately converted into petroleum coke.

[0003] The waste gas generated during the calcination of petroleum coke contains a large amount of pollutants such as dust, sulfides, nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds. Direct emissions will cause serious harm to the environment. Traditional waste gas treatment technologies mostly use fixed bed adsorption devices to capture pollutants through adsorption materials such as activated carbon or molecular sieves. However, such devices have significant defects in actual applications: the adsorption material is fixed in a static manner, and the waste gas only contacts the surface adsorption material when passing through, resulting in limited effective contact area and the adsorption efficiency decays rapidly with operating time; at the same time, the judgment of the adsorption saturation state relies on manual regular inspection or preset time period, which is prone to regeneration delays or excessive maintenance problems, resulting in increased energy consumption and rising operating costs. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a waste gas collection and treatment device for petroleum coke calcination and a method thereof, which can effectively solve the problem in the prior art that the adsorption material is fixed in a static manner and the waste gas only contacts the surface adsorption material when passing through, resulting in a limited effective contact area. To achieve the above purpose, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: The present invention provides a waste gas collection and treatment device for petroleum coke calcining and a method thereof, comprising: A bottom plate, the bottom plate comprising an air intake pipe arranged above the bottom plate, an air pump device fixedly installed in the air intake pipe, and the air pump device is electrically connected to a controller; An exhaust gas treatment component, the exhaust gas treatment component comprises a plurality of filter cartridges longitudinally arranged above a bottom plate, a conical lifting ring plate is elastically and slidably mounted on the inner wall of the filter cartridge, activated carbon particles are filled inside the filter cartridge and on the upper end surface of the conical lifting ring plate, a pressure detection element is arranged below the conical lifting ring plate, the upper and lower ends of each of the filter cartridges are connected to a delivery pipe for delivering exhaust gas, a fixed block is fixedly mounted inside the delivery pipe, a flow portion is opened on the inner wall of the fixed block, a clamping block is elastically and slidably mounted inside the fixed block, the clamping block can slide airtightly inside the fixed block to adjust the opening of the flow portion, and a one-way conical guide barrel is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the delivery pipe and below the fixed block; A circulation component is arranged at the bottom end of the filter cartridge for filtering petroleum coke particles.

[0005] Preferably, a support frame is fixedly mounted on the upper end surface of the base plate, a support plate is fixedly mounted on the upper end surface of the support frame, and the air inlet pipe is connected to the delivery pipe at the lowermost end.

[0006] Preferably, a fixed barrel is embedded in the inner bottom end of the filter cartridge, and the fixed barrel is airtightly and slidably connected to the conical lifting ring plate, a limiting ring is integrally formed on the upper end surface of the fixed barrel, an annular empty pipe is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the fixed barrel, and a plurality of one-to-one corresponding connecting ports are opened on the inner walls on both sides of the annular empty pipe, a fixed bracket is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the annular empty pipe and between the two corresponding connecting ports, an air pipe is sleeved on the outer wall of the fixed bracket, both ends of the air pipe are connected with the inside of the annular empty pipe, the lower end of the annular empty pipe is connected with a connecting pipe, the lower end of the connecting pipe passes through the fixed barrel and is fixedly connected with the filter cartridge with a diverter pipe, the upper end of the diverter pipe is connected with an exhaust device, and the exhaust device is electrically connected to the controller.

[0007] Preferably, a linkage plate is fixedly installed at one end of the blocking block, a first spring is fixedly installed between the linkage plate and the fixed block, a rotating joint is fixedly installed on the side of the linkage plate away from the blocking block, a flow pipe is connected on the outer wall of the conveying pipe and between the fixed block and the one-way conical guide barrel, and the lower end of the flow pipe passes through the filter cartridge and is connected to the flow groove.

[0008] Preferably, a fixed barrel is embedded in the inner bottom end of the filter cartridge, and the fixed barrel is airtightly and slidably connected to the conical lifting ring plate, a limiting ring is integrally formed on the upper end surface of the fixed barrel, an annular empty pipe is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the fixed barrel, a plurality of connecting ports are provided in the internal circumferential array of the annular empty pipe, a fixed bracket is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the annular empty pipe, an air pipe is sleeved on the outer wall of the fixed bracket, the air pipe is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the annular empty pipe, the lower end of the annular empty pipe is connected with a connecting pipe, the lower end of the connecting pipe passes through the fixed barrel and is fixedly connected with the filter cartridge with a diverter pipe, the upper end of the diverter pipe is connected with an exhaust device, and the exhaust device is electrically connected to the controller.

[0009] Preferably, it also includes a transmission assembly, which includes a block fixedly mounted on one side of the support plate, a rotating drive member fixedly mounted on the upper end face of the block, a driving end of the rotating drive member passes through the block and is fixedly mounted with a rotating shaft, the upper and lower ends of the rotating shaft are respectively rotatably connected to the block and the base plate, the outer wall of the block is sleeved with a plurality of electromagnetic clutches, the electromagnetic clutch is electrically connected to the controller, and the outer wall of the electromagnetic clutch is sleeved with a first gear disk.

[0010] Preferably, a cross bar is fixedly installed between the support frames, a short shaft is fixedly installed on the upper end surface of the cross bar, a second gear plate is rotatably installed on the upper end surface of the short shaft, the second gear plate is meshed with the first gear plate, a linkage rod is eccentrically rotatably installed on the upper end surface of the second gear plate, and the linkage rod is rotatably connected to the rotating joint.

[0011] Preferably, it also includes a pyrolysis component, which includes a guide block fixedly installed in the air intake pipe and above the air pump device, a feed discharge portion is provided in the guide block, a filter hole is provided in the feed discharge portion, and the upper end surface of the feed discharge portion is set as an inclined surface, a heat exchange device is fixedly installed in the air intake pipe and at a position away from the guide block, a regeneration device is fixedly installed on the upper end surface of the heat exchange device, and the guide block and the regeneration device are connected through a feed pipe.

[0012] A method for collecting and treating waste gas from petroleum coke calcination, specifically comprising the following steps: S1, pumping the petroleum coke waste gas into the air inlet pipe through the air pump device, so that the petroleum coke waste gas passes through the delivery pipe and the filter cartridge in sequence; S2, when the petroleum coke waste gas flows in the filter cartridge, the activated carbon particles are blown up, thereby increasing the contact area between the activated carbon particles and the waste gas; S3, after the activated carbon is saturated with adsorption, the pressure detection element will detect the weight of the activated carbon particles, causing the air pump device to stop conveying the exhaust gas, and the activated carbon particles will flow back through the circulation part, the circulation component, and the one-way conical guide barrel for regeneration.

[0013] Compared with the known prior art, the technical solution provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects: First, through the multi-layer filter cartridge series design, the activated carbon particles are automatically blown up during the flow of exhaust gas to form a dynamic adsorption layer, which increases the effective contact area of ​​the activated carbon. The conical lifting ring plate and the pressure detection element work together to detect changes in the activated carbon adsorption amount in real time and automatically trigger the regeneration program to avoid delays due to manual intervention.

[0014] Second, the exhaust gas's own flow pressure is used to drive the card block to adjust the opening of the circulation part, so as to achieve adaptive balance of airflow and reduce the extra power consumption of the air pump. The annular empty pipe in the filter cartridge cooperates with the one-way flow guide structure, and the activated carbon particles automatically flow back by gravity when regenerating.

[0015] Third, the designed filter cartridge and delivery pipe adopt quick-release connection, and there is no need to shut down the entire machine when replacing activated carbon or cleaning parts. The inclined structure of the guide block cooperates with the filter hole to effectively intercept large particles of impurities and prevent pipeline blockage. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0017] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the side view of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the filter cartridge of the present invention from one perspective; Figure 4 for Figure 3 A in the middle is a schematic diagram of the enlarged structure; Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the filter cartridge of the present invention from another viewing angle; Figure 6 for Figure 5 The enlarged structural diagram at B in the middle; Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the transmission assembly of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pyrolysis component of the present invention.

[0018] Figure numerals: 1, bottom plate; 101, support frame; 102, support plate; 103, air inlet pipe; 104, air pump device; 2, exhaust gas treatment component; 201, fixed frame; 202, filter cartridge; 203, delivery pipe; 204, honeycomb zeolite molecular sieve; 205, flow slot; 206, conical lifting ring plate; 207, flow pipe; 208, fixed block; 209, flow part; 210, block; 211, linkage plate; 212, first spring; 213, rotating joint; 214, one-way conical guide barrel; 215, lower bottom block; 216, second spring; 21 7. Telescopic rod; 218. Pressure detection element; 3. Circulation component; 301. Fixed barrel; 302. Annular empty pipe; 303. Fixed bracket; 304. Air pipe; 305. Connecting port; 306. Connecting pipe; 4. Transmission component; 401. Block; 402. Rotating drive member; 403. Rotating shaft; 404. Electromagnetic clutch; 405. First gear disc; 406. Cross bar; 407. Short shaft; 408. Linking rod; 409. Second gear disc; 5. Pyrolysis component; 501. Guide block; 502. Filter hole; 503. Heat exchange device; 504. Regeneration device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0021] Example: Refer to Figures 1 to 8 , a waste gas collection and treatment device for petroleum coke calcining and a method thereof, comprising: The bottom plate 1 includes an air intake pipe 103 disposed above the bottom plate 1. An air pump device 104 is fixedly installed in the air intake pipe 103. The air pump device 104 is an existing device, which is a mechanical device used for gas delivery, compression or extraction, and compresses and discharges gas through the reciprocating motion of the piston. When the piston reciprocates in the cylinder, it inhales gas and compresses the gas to the gas discharge port. The air pump device 104 is electrically connected to a controller; The exhaust gas treatment component 2 includes a plurality of filter cartridges 202 longitudinally arranged above the bottom plate 1. A conical lifting ring plate 206 is elastically and slidably installed on the inner wall of the filter cartridge 202. The interior of the filter cartridge 202 and the upper end surface of the conical lifting ring plate 206 are filled with activated carbon particles. The activated carbon particles are light in weight and can be blown up by the exhaust gas delivered by the air pump device 104 and float in the filter cartridge 202. A pressure detection element 218 is arranged below the conical lifting ring plate 206. The pressure detection element 218 is an existing device and can adopt an existing pressure sensor. The pressure sensor senses the external pressure change and converts the pressure change into an electrical signal using the internal sensing element (such as a strain gauge, a piezoelectric element or a semiconductor material). The upper and lower ends of each filter cartridge 202 are connected to a delivery pipe 203 for conveying exhaust gas. The filter cartridge 202 and the delivery pipe 203 are assembled by existing screws. When cleaning is required, the filter cartridge 202 and the delivery pipe 203 can be separated by manually removing the screws. At the same time, the upper and lower ends of the filter cartridge 202 are also assembled with existing screws. Replace or heat the honeycomb zeolite molecular sieve 204 for regeneration, a fixed block 208 is fixedly installed in the delivery pipe 203, a flow portion 209 is opened on the inner wall of the fixed block 208, a clamping block 210 is elastically slidably installed inside the fixed block 208, and the clamping block 210 can slide airtightly inside the fixed block 208 to adjust the opening of the flow portion 209, a one-way conical guide barrel 214 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the delivery pipe 203 and below the fixed block 208, and the one-way conical guide barrel 214 can be made of rubber material, which has certain elasticity and flexibility. When the exhaust gas flows upward at the lower end of the one-way conical guide barrel 214, the air pressure of the exhaust gas will squeeze the lower end of the one-way conical guide barrel 214 to shrink it, and the lower end inlet of the one-way conical guide barrel 214 is small, and the exhaust gas cannot pass through in large quantities from the lower end, while the activated carbon particles can enter the interior of the one-way conical guide barrel 214 from the upper end of the one-way conical guide barrel 214 by gravity, and the weight of the activated carbon will squeeze the one-way conical guide barrel 214 to expand its lower end, so that the activated carbon particles enter the filter cartridge 202 from the upper filter cartridge 202; The circulation component 3 is arranged at the bottom end of the filter cartridge 202 for filtering petroleum coke particles.

[0022] Reference Figures 1 to 6A support frame 101 is fixedly installed on the upper end surface of the bottom plate 1, and a support plate 102 is fixedly installed on the upper end surface of the support frame 101. The air inlet pipe 103 is connected to the conveying pipe 203 at the lower end. A honeycomb zeolite molecular sieve 204 is fixedly installed on the inner top of the filter cartridge 202. The honeycomb zeolite molecular sieve 204 is a zeolite material with a honeycomb structure, which is widely used in catalysis, adsorption, separation and other fields. Activated carbon is an adsorption material with a highly porous structure, which is widely used for adsorption and removal of organic pollutants in exhaust gas. Activated carbon is mainly used for adsorbing organic gases (such as VOCs), odor substances (such as ammonia, hydrogen sulfide) and some harmful gases. The honeycomb zeolite molecular sieve 204 is mainly used to treat and separate small molecular gases, such as nitrogen oxides (NO x), carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbons, etc. The combination of activated carbon and honeycomb zeolite molecular sieve 204 can achieve the comprehensive removal of various harmful gases in petroleum coke waste gas. Activated carbon can adsorb larger organic molecules and odor substances, while honeycomb zeolite molecular sieve 204 removes small molecular gases such as nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide through catalytic action. The combined use of the two can improve the comprehensive effect of waste gas treatment. It should be noted that the honeycomb zeolite molecular sieve 204 will also be saturated after purifying a certain amount of waste gas. It can also be removed and placed in the regeneration device 504 for high-temperature heating to drive out the substances adsorbed on the honeycomb zeolite molecular sieve 204 and regain its adsorption capacity. The honeycomb zeolite molecular sieve 204 has a circulation system. The bottom plate 1 is provided with a plurality of fixing frames 201 fixedly mounted on its upper end surface, the fixing frames 201 are fixedly connected to the filter cartridge 202, the filter cartridge 202 at the uppermost end penetrates the support plate 102 and extends upward, a plurality of lower bottom blocks 215 are fixedly mounted on the circumferential array of the lower end surface of the conical lifting ring plate 206, a second spring 216 is fixedly mounted between the lower bottom block 215 and the filter cartridge 202, a telescopic rod 217 is fixedly mounted on the circumferential array of the inner bottom end of the filter cartridge 202, the upper end surface of the telescopic rod 217 is fixedly connected to the pressure detection element 218, the pressure detection element 218 is fixedly connected to the lower bottom block 215, the pressure detection element 218 is electrically connected to the controller, a linkage plate 211 is fixedly mounted on one end of the block 210, the linkage plate 211 is fixedly mounted on the fixed plate 211, and the linkage plate 211 is fixedly mounted on the fixed plate 211. A first spring 212 is fixedly installed between the fixed blocks 208, a rotating joint 213 is fixedly installed on the side of the linkage plate 211 away from the block 210, a flow pipe 207 is connected to the outer wall of the delivery pipe 203 and between the fixed block 208 and the one-way conical guide barrel 214, the lower end of the flow pipe 207 passes through the filter cartridge 202 and is connected to the flow slot 205. It should be noted that the flow slot 205 is opened inside the honeycomb zeolite molecular sieve 204, and when the exhaust gas enters the filter cartridge 202, the activated carbon particles are blown up and the exhaust gas will enter the flow slot 205, and circulate through the pores in the honeycomb zeolite molecular sieve 204. When the exhaust gas enters one of the filter cartridges 202 and reaches a certain air pressure (the exhaust gas itself has a certain air pressure,Combined with the air pressure accumulated in the filter cartridge 202, the air pressure of the exhaust gas can blow up the activated carbon particles in the filter cartridge 202 of the upper layer during the process of flowing to the filter cartridge 202 of the upper layer), and the exhaust gas will enter the delivery pipe 203 of the upper layer through the flow pipe 207.

[0023] Reference Figure 3 A fixed barrel 301 is embedded in the inner bottom end of the filter cartridge 202, and the fixed barrel 301 is airtightly slidably connected to the conical lifting ring plate 206. A limiting ring is integrally formed on the upper end surface of the fixed barrel 301. An annular empty pipe 302 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the fixed barrel 301. A plurality of one-to-one corresponding connecting ports 305 are opened on the inner walls of both sides of the annular empty pipe 302. A fixed bracket 303 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the annular empty pipe 302 and between the two corresponding connecting ports 305. An air pipe 304 is sleeved on the outer wall of the fixed bracket 303. Both ends of the air pipe 304 are connected to the inside of the annular empty pipe 302. A connecting pipe 306 is connected to the lower end of the annular empty pipe 302. The lower end of the connecting pipe 306 passes through the fixed barrel 301 and is fixedly connected to the filter cartridge 202 with a shunt pipe. The upper end of the shunt pipe is connected to an exhaust device. The exhaust device (not shown in the attached drawings) is an existing device, which is composed of an exhaust fan, an exhaust port, etc. The exhaust device is electrically connected to the controller.

[0024] Reference Figure 7 , and also includes a transmission component 4, which includes a block 401 fixedly installed on one side of the support plate 102, a rotating drive member 402 fixedly installed on the upper end surface of the block 401, a driving end of the rotating drive member 402 passes through the block 401 and is fixedly installed with a rotating shaft 403, the upper and lower ends of the rotating shaft 403 are respectively rotatably connected to the block 401 and the bottom plate 1, and the outer wall of the block 401 is sleeved with a plurality of electromagnetic clutches 404, the electromagnetic clutch 404 is an existing device, usually composed of components such as an electromagnet, a rotor and a sliding disk. When working, the electromagnet is excited by current to generate a magnetic field, and the rotor and the sliding disk are connected, thereby realizing power transmission, and the electromagnetic clutch 404 is electrically connected to the controller The outer wall of the electromagnetic clutch 404 is sleeved with a first gear disc 405, a cross bar 406 is fixedly installed between the support frame 101, a short shaft 407 is fixedly installed on the upper end surface of the cross bar 406, and a second gear disc 409 is rotatably installed on the upper end surface of the short shaft 407. The second gear disc 409 is meshed with the first gear disc 405, and a linkage rod 408 is eccentrically rotatably installed on the upper end surface of the second gear disc 409. The linkage rod 408 is rotatably connected to the rotating joint 213, and one end of the linkage rod 408 is eccentrically rotatably installed on the upper end surface of the second gear disc 409. When the second gear disc 409 rotates, one end of the linkage rod 408 will be driven to rotate around the axis of the second gear disc 409, thereby driving the other end of the linkage rod 408 to move.

[0025] Reference Figure 8, and also includes a pyrolysis component 5, the pyrolysis component 5 includes a guide block 501 fixedly installed in the air intake pipe 103 and above the air pump device 104, a feed portion is provided in the guide block 501, a filter hole 502 is provided in the feed portion, and the upper end surface of the feed portion is set as an inclined surface, and a heat exchange device 503 is fixedly installed in the air intake pipe 103 and at a position away from the guide block 501. The heat exchange device 503 is an existing device, and the high-temperature exhaust gas flows along the pipeline (the exhaust gas after the petroleum coke is calcined has a certain temperature), and the heat exchange device 503 (which can be a shell and tube or plate heat exchanger) is embedded in the wall of the air intake pipe 103. One side (high-temperature side) of the device 503 is in direct contact with the exhaust gas, and the heat in the exhaust gas is absorbed by the metal wall (such as copper, stainless steel) or the internal heat-conducting medium (such as circulating water, heat-conducting oil) of the heat exchange device 503, so that the exhaust gas temperature is significantly reduced. The heat-conducting medium (such as circulating water or oil) absorbs heat from the heat exchanger and flows into the box jacket or the internal coil, releasing heat to preheat the regeneration device 504, thereby reducing the original heating energy consumption of the regeneration device 504 and reducing the exhaust gas emission temperature. The regeneration device 504 is fixedly installed on the upper end surface of the heat exchange device 503, and the guide block 501 is connected to the regeneration device 504 through a feed pipe.

[0026] The working principle of the present invention is as follows: The waste gas after calcining petroleum coke (hereinafter referred to as waste gas) is transported into the air inlet pipe 103, and the waste gas is pumped into the delivery pipe 203 by opening the air pump device 104, and then transported from the delivery pipe 203 to the filter cartridge 202, so that the waste gas passes through the various delivery pipes 203 arranged from bottom to top in turn and circulates in the filter cartridge 202 for purification and filtration. It should be noted that in the process of the air pump device 104 pumping the waste gas into the delivery pipe 203, the waste gas has a certain air pressure. In the process of the waste gas entering the filter cartridge 202 through the circulation component 3, the waste gas will blow the activated carbon particles to float in the filter cartridge 202, so that the activated carbon particles are not fixed in the position inside the filter cartridge 202, and the activated carbon particles blown upward will fall down on the conical lifting ring plate 206, and the conical concave surface arranged on the upper end surface of the conical lifting ring plate 206 will be toward the center of the conical lifting ring plate 206. The activated carbon particles slide at the center position, and then are blown up again by the exhaust gas at the position of the circulation component 3. The total amount of activated carbon particles set can ensure that part of the activated carbon particles are always blown up and floated in the filter cartridge 202, and the position is constantly changed as they are blown up, so that the contact area between the activated carbon particles and the exhaust gas is constantly changed, so that the exhaust gas can purify the exhaust gas while increasing the contact area with the activated carbon particles. In the process of the activated carbon particles being blown up and floating, although the activated carbon particles will fall inside the circulation component 3, the number of part of the activated carbon particles falling above the conical lifting ring plate 206 per unit time remains roughly unchanged. After the activated carbon particles are saturated with adsorption, the weight of the activated carbon particles falling above the conical lifting ring plate 206 increases. The pressure detection element 218 has a high detection accuracy and can detect the weight change of the activated carbon particles after the adsorption is saturated. When the exhaust gas enters the filter cartridge 202 from the position of the circulation component 3, the exhaust gas with a certain air pressure will be blown upward to the one-way conical guide barrel 214. At this time, the amount of exhaust gas entering the delivery pipe 203 through the one-way conical guide barrel 214 is very small, which will not affect the overall treatment effect of the exhaust gas. The lower end of the one-way conical guide barrel 214 will be tightened and closed by the blowing of the exhaust gas to prevent the exhaust gas from passing through. The exhaust gas will flow into the circulation slot 205. When the exhaust gas flows in the circulation slot 205 again, the honeycomb The microporous structure on the surface of the zeolite molecular sieve 204 allows the exhaust gas to flow therein, thereby purifying the exhaust gas. When the exhaust gas gathers to a certain gas pressure in the filter cartridge 202, the exhaust gas will flow through the circulation pipe 207 to the upper layer of the delivery pipe 203, and then flow through the delivery pipe 203 to the upper layer of the filter cartridge 202, so that the exhaust gas can be purified through multiple flows in the filter cartridge 202, and the purified exhaust gas can be discharged from the delivery pipe 203 at the upper end. It should be emphasized that by opening the rotary drive member 402 to drive the rotating shaft 403 to rotate, the electromagnetic clutch 404 is in an engaged state, and the rotating rotating shaft 403 drives the first gear plate 405 to rotate through the electromagnetic clutch 404, and the rotating first gear plate 405 meshes with the second gear plate 409 and drives to rotate, and the second gear plate 409 drives the linkage rod 408 to move. Since the linkage rod 408 is eccentrically installed on the upper end surface of the second gear plate 409, the distance between the linkage rod 408 and the block 210 will change during the movement of the linkage rod 408, and the moving linkage rod 408 can drive the linkage plate 211 and the block 210 to move between the fixed block 208 through the rotation connection with the rotating joint 213. The block 210 is driven to slide inside the fixed block 208 to adjust the size of the flow diameter of the flow portion 209 (when the linkage rod 408 drives the card block 210 to slide inside the fixed block 208 to make the flow diameter of the flow portion 209 reach the maximum or minimum, the voltage input to the electromagnetic clutch 404 can be disconnected by the controller, so that the rotating shaft 403 cannot drive the first gear plate 405 to rotate). In the process of the card block 210 set in each fixed block 208 being driven to slide and adjust the flow diameter of the flow portion 209, the flow diameter in each flow portion 209 can be adjusted by the engagement of the electromagnetic clutch 404. For example, the flow diameter of the flow portion 209 decreases from large to small from bottom to top to ensure that the gas pressure of the exhaust gas can blow up the activated carbon particles; When the exhaust gas enters the filter cartridge 202 through the delivery pipe 203, it will enter the filter cartridge 202 through the gap between the air pipes 304. By setting the exhaust device, the exhaust device can deliver air to each connecting pipe 306 through the diverter pipe. The delivered air will enter the annular empty pipe 302 and enter the air pipe 304 through the connecting port 305, so that the air pipe 304 expands and shrinks the distance between them, so that the distance between the air pipes 304 can only allow the exhaust gas to pass through but not the activated carbon particles to pass through. After the activated carbon particles continuously adsorb and purify the exhaust gas, the activated carbon particles will reach a saturated state. When the saturated state occurs, the weight of the activated carbon particles will increase. The increased weight of the activated carbon particles cannot be blown up by the exhaust gas, but gradually accumulate on the upper end surface of the conical lifting ring plate 206, so that the conical lifting ring plate 206 increases in weight and slides downward on the inner wall of the filter cartridge 202 to compress the second spring 216. The set pressure detection element 218 will generate an electrical signal according to the weight of the conical lifting ring plate 206 when it slides down. After the electrical signal generated according to the weight of the conical lifting ring plate 206 exceeds the set threshold, each electromagnetic clutch 404 is driven to engage, so that the rotating shaft 403 rotates to drive the card block 210 to slide in the fixed block 208 to adjust the flow diameter of the circulation part 209 to the maximum, and the exhaust device performs exhaust, so that the air pressure in the annular empty pipe 302 and the air pipe 304 is reduced, and the air pipe 304 will be attached to the outer wall of the fixed bracket 303. At this time, the distance between the air pipes 304 will increase. , which allows the activated carbon particles to pass through, controls the air pump device 104 to stop supplying exhaust gas into the filter cartridge 202, and the activated carbon particles will flow from top to bottom through the circulation portion 209, the one-way conical guide barrel 214, and the distance between the air pipe 304 to the air inlet pipe 103, and the set discharge portion will allow the activated carbon particles to move through the feeding pipe into the regeneration device 504. The regeneration device 504 is composed of an existing fixed bed regeneration furnace, a dust removal device, an electric heating furnace, etc. The activated carbon particles are heated to a high temperature in the regeneration device 504, generally between 600°C and 900°C. Under high temperature conditions, pollutants such as gas, steam or organic matter adsorbed on the surface of the activated carbon particles will decompose or evaporate, so that the activated carbon particles will be regenerated. The regenerated activated carbon particles can be uniformly placed from the top conveying pipe 203 into the filter cartridge 202, and the flow gap is adjusted by sliding the block 210 in the fixed block 208, so that the activated carbon particles can flow into each filter cartridge 202 in turn and then be reused.

[0027] A method for collecting and treating waste gas from petroleum coke calcination, specifically comprising the following steps: S1, pumping the petroleum coke waste gas into the air inlet pipe 103 through the air pump device 104, so that the petroleum coke waste gas passes through the delivery pipe 203 and the filter cartridge 202 in sequence; S2, when the petroleum coke waste gas flows in the filter cartridge 202, the activated carbon particles are blown up to increase the contact area between the activated carbon particles and the petroleum coke waste gas; S3, after the activated carbon is saturated with adsorption, the pressure detection element 218 will detect the weight of the activated carbon particles, so that the air pump device 104 stops conveying the exhaust gas, and the activated carbon particles flow back through the circulation part 209, the circulation component 3, and the one-way conical guide barrel 214 for regeneration.

[0028] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements will not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the protection scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A waste gas collection and treatment device for petroleum coke calcination, characterized in that: include: A base plate (1), the base plate (1) comprising an air intake pipe (103) arranged above the base plate (1), an air pump device (104) being fixedly installed in the air intake pipe (103), and the air pump device (104) being electrically connected to a controller; An exhaust gas treatment component (2), the exhaust gas treatment component (2) comprising a plurality of filter cartridges (202) longitudinally arranged above a bottom plate (1), a conical lifting ring plate (206) being elastically slidably mounted on the inner wall of the filter cartridge (202), the interior of the filter cartridge (202) and the upper end surface of the conical lifting ring plate (206) being filled with activated carbon particles, a pressure detection element (218) being arranged below the conical lifting ring plate (206), and the upper and lower ends of each of the filter cartridges (202) being connected to a pressure sensor for conveying A waste gas delivery pipe (203), wherein a fixed block (208) is fixedly installed in the delivery pipe (203), a flow portion (209) is provided on the inner wall of the fixed block (208), a clamping block (210) is elastically slidably installed inside the fixed block (208), and the clamping block (210) can slide airtightly inside the fixed block (208) to adjust the opening of the flow portion (209), and a one-way conical guide barrel (214) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the delivery pipe (203) and below the fixed block (208); A circulation component (3), wherein the circulation component (3) is arranged at the bottom end of the filter cartridge (202) and is used for filtering petroleum coke particles.

2. The waste gas collection and treatment device for petroleum coke calcination according to claim 1, characterized in that: A support frame (101) is fixedly mounted on the upper end surface of the bottom plate (1), a support plate (102) is fixedly mounted on the upper end surface of the support frame (101), and the air inlet pipe (103) is in communication with the delivery pipe (203) at the lowermost end.

3. The waste gas collection and treatment device for petroleum coke calcining according to claim 2, characterized in that: A honeycomb zeolite molecular sieve (204) is fixedly mounted on the inner top of the filter cartridge (202), and a flow slot (205) is provided in the honeycomb zeolite molecular sieve (204). A plurality of fixing frames (201) are fixedly mounted on the upper end surface of the bottom plate (1), and the fixing frames (201) are fixedly connected to the filter cartridge (202). The filter cartridge (202) at the uppermost end passes through the support plate (102) and extends upward. The circular array on the lower end surface of the conical lifting ring plate (206) A plurality of lower bottom blocks (215) are fixedly installed, a second spring (216) is fixedly installed between the lower bottom block (215) and the filter cartridge (202), a telescopic rod (217) is fixedly installed in a circular array at the inner bottom end of the filter cartridge (202), the upper end surface of the telescopic rod (217) is fixedly connected to a pressure detection element (218), the pressure detection element (218) is fixedly connected to the lower bottom block (215), and the pressure detection element (218) is electrically connected to a controller.

4. The waste gas collection and treatment device for petroleum coke calcination according to claim 3, characterized in that: A linkage plate (211) is fixedly mounted on one end of the clamping block (210), a first spring (212) is fixedly mounted between the linkage plate (211) and the fixed block (208), a rotating joint (213) is fixedly mounted on a side of the linkage plate (211) away from the clamping block (210), a flow pipe (207) is connected between the outer wall of the delivery pipe (203) and the fixed block (208) and the one-way conical flow guide barrel (214), and the lower end of the flow pipe (207) passes through the filter cartridge (202) and is connected to the flow slot (205).

5. The waste gas collection and treatment device for petroleum coke calcination according to claim 4, characterized in that: A fixed barrel (301) is embedded in the inner bottom end of the filter cartridge (202); the fixed barrel (301) is airtightly slidably connected to the conical lifting ring plate (206); a limit ring is integrally formed on the upper end surface of the fixed barrel (301); an annular hollow tube (302) is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the fixed barrel (301); a plurality of one-to-one corresponding communication ports (305) are provided on the inner walls of both sides of the annular hollow tube (302); and the inner wall of the annular hollow tube (302) and the two corresponding communication ports (305) are connected to each other. ) is fixedly installed between the fixed bracket (303), the outer wall of the fixed bracket (303) is provided with an air pipe (304), both ends of the air pipe (304) are connected to the inside of the annular empty pipe (302), the lower end of the annular empty pipe (302) is connected to a connecting pipe (306), the lower end of the connecting pipe (306) passes through the fixed barrel (301) and is fixedly connected to the filter cartridge (202) by a shunt pipe, the upper end of the shunt pipe is connected to an exhaust device, and the exhaust device is electrically connected to the controller.

6. The waste gas collection and treatment device for petroleum coke calcination according to claim 4, characterized in that: The invention also comprises a transmission assembly (4), the transmission assembly (4) comprising a block (401) fixedly mounted on one side of the support plate (102), a rotating drive member (402) fixedly mounted on the upper end surface of the block (401), a driving end of the rotating drive member (402) passing through the block (401) and fixedly mounted with a rotating shaft (403), upper and lower ends of the rotating shaft (403) being respectively rotatably connected to the block (401) and the bottom plate (1), an outer wall of the block (401) being sleeved with a plurality of electromagnetic clutches (404), the electromagnetic clutches (404) being electrically connected to a controller, and an outer wall of the electromagnetic clutch (404) being sleeved with a first gear disk (405).

7. The device for collecting and treating waste gas from petroleum coke calcination according to claim 6, characterized in that: A cross bar (406) is fixedly mounted between the support frames (101); a short shaft (407) is fixedly mounted on the upper end surface of the cross bar (406); a second toothed disc (409) is rotatably mounted on the upper end surface of the short shaft (407); the second toothed disc (409) is meshed with the first toothed disc (405); a linkage rod (408) is eccentrically rotatably mounted on the upper end surface of the second toothed disc (409); and the linkage rod (408) is rotatably connected to the rotary joint (213).

8. The device for collecting and treating waste gas from petroleum coke calcination according to claim 7, characterized in that: The invention also comprises a pyrolysis component (5), the pyrolysis component (5) comprising a guide block (501) fixedly mounted in the air intake pipe (103) and above the air pump device (104), a feed portion being provided in the guide block (501), a filter hole (502) being provided in the feed portion, an upper end surface of the feed portion being arranged as an inclined surface, a heat exchange device (503) being fixedly mounted in the air intake pipe (103) and at a position away from the guide block (501), a regeneration device (504) being fixedly mounted on the upper end surface of the heat exchange device (503), and the guide block (501) and the regeneration device (504) being connected via a feed pipe.

9. A method for collecting and treating waste gas from petroleum coke calcination, characterized in that: The device for collecting and treating waste gas for petroleum coke calcination according to any one of claims 1 to 8 specifically comprises the following steps: S1, pumping the petroleum coke waste gas into the air inlet pipe (103) through the air pump device (104), so that the petroleum coke waste gas passes through the delivery pipe (203) and the filter cartridge (202) in sequence; S2, when the petroleum coke waste gas flows in the filter cartridge (202), the activated carbon particles are blown up, thereby increasing the contact area between the activated carbon particles and the waste gas; S3, after the activated carbon is saturated with adsorption, the pressure detection element (218) detects the weight of the activated carbon particles, causing the air pump device (104) to stop conveying the waste gas, and the activated carbon particles flow back through the circulation part (209), the circulation component (3), and the one-way conical guide barrel (214) for regeneration.

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