Fixtures for machining curved, thin-walled parts

Abstract

This invention discloses a fixture for machining curved thin-walled parts. It includes a housing, a suction cup assembly, and a control system. The housing has space for placing the curved thin-walled part and magnetorheological fluid. Multiple suction cup assemblies are disposed within the housing, and the housing has a first hemispherical groove. A hemispherical connector in the suction cup assembly is rotatably disposed within the first hemispherical groove. The output end of a telescopic part is driven to the suction cup part to drive axial movement of the suction cup part. A mounting bracket in the suction cup part is driven to the telescopic part, and the mounting bracket has a second hemispherical groove. The hemispherical structure of the suction cup shaft is rotatably embedded in the second hemispherical groove. The other end of the suction cup shaft is fixed with a suction cup and a pressure sensor. The control system is driven and connected to the telescopic part and signal-connected to the pressure sensor, which includes an electromagnetic coil. The electromagnetic coil is disposed on the housing. This fixture improves the applicability while ensuring clamping accuracy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of mechanical tooling technology, and particularly relates to a fixture for machining curved thin-walled parts. Background Technology

[0002] In aerospace, automotive, and shipbuilding industries, various shapes of curved thin-walled parts have always faced the problem of uncontrolled clamping force, leading to difficulties such as machining deformation and making it difficult to meet actual machining requirements. Therefore, to ensure the machining quality of curved thin-walled parts, the first technical challenge to overcome is the problem of clamping control accuracy.

[0003] In the prior art, Chinese invention patent application number 201910396854.9 provides a magnetorheological clamping device for machining thin-walled concave curved surfaces. Due to its flexible clamping structure, including rubber suction cups and magnetorheological fluid, it can flexibly clamp parts with concave curved surfaces and improve the reliability and precision of the clamping device by real-time monitoring of the clamping force received by the part. However, in the above-mentioned clamping device, because the angles of the side suction cups and the magnetorheological unit are fixed horizontally and vertically respectively, it can only clamp thin-walled concave curved surfaces with relatively flat and simple outer surface shapes. It cannot accurately clamp thin-walled concave curved surfaces with more complex and diverse outer surface shapes, thus still having certain limitations in application.

[0004] Based on the above, there is an urgent need for a fixture for machining curved thin-walled parts to solve the technical problems existing in the prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a fixture for machining curved thin-walled parts, so as to expand the application range of the fixture and at the same time ensure the accuracy of the fixture clamping.

[0006] To achieve this objective, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A fixture for machining curved thin-walled parts includes a housing, suction cup assemblies, and a control system. The housing has space for the curved thin-walled part and magnetorheological fluid. Multiple suction cup assemblies are arranged circumferentially and vertically on the inner wall of the housing, and the housing has a first hemispherical groove. Each suction cup assembly includes a hemispherical connector, a telescopic part, a suction cup part, and a pressure sensor. The hemispherical connector is rotatably disposed within the first hemispherical groove. The telescopic part is connected to the hemispherical connector, and its output end is drively connected to the suction cup. The system is designed to drive the suction cup portion to move axially. The suction cup portion includes a mounting frame and a suction cup shaft. The mounting frame is drivenly connected to the telescopic portion and has a second hemispherical groove. One end of the suction cup shaft is a hemispherical structure that is rotatably embedded in the second hemispherical groove. The other end of the suction cup shaft is fixedly provided with a suction cup. The pressure sensor is provided on the suction cup. The control system is drivenly connected to the telescopic portion and signal-connected to the pressure sensor. The control system includes an electromagnetic coil, which is provided on the outer casing.

[0008] Optionally, the suction cup shaft includes a first shaft, a second shaft, and a connector. One end of the first shaft is a hemispherical structure, and the other end of the first shaft is detachably connected to the second shaft through the connector. The suction cup is fixed on the second shaft.

[0009] Optionally, the mounting bracket has a triangular cross-section, and a second hemispherical groove is provided at each corner of the mounting bracket. A suction cup shaft is rotatably connected in each second hemispherical groove, and an electromagnetic coil is provided in the second shaft.

[0010] Optionally, the outer shell has an inverted frustum shape.

[0011] Optionally, the inner wall of the outer casing has a plurality of annular grooves along the vertical direction, and the electromagnetic coil is disposed in the annular grooves; the outer casing is also provided with a plurality of magnetic sliders, the magnetic sliders are slidably disposed in the annular grooves, and the magnetic sliders are provided with the first hemispherical grooves.

[0012] Optionally, it also includes a belt drive structure and a rotating seat. The belt drive structure includes a drive motor, a drive pulley, a driven pulley, a belt, a drive shaft, and a support base. The control system is electrically connected to the drive motor. The output shaft of the drive motor is driven to the drive pulley. The drive pulley is connected to the driven pulley via the belt drive. The driven pulley is sleeved on the drive shaft. One end of the drive shaft is rotatably connected to the support base, and the other end of the drive shaft is driven to the rotating seat. The support base is fixedly installed, and the rotating seat is driven to the outer casing.

[0013] Optionally, the belt drive structure further includes a transmission support assembly, which includes a transmission support wheel. The transmission support wheel is rotatably fixed along its own axis and pressed tightly against the belt.

[0014] Optionally, an auxiliary support chassis is horizontally arranged in the space, the outer side wall of the auxiliary support chassis is sealed and fitted to the inner side wall of the outer shell, the upper surface of the auxiliary support chassis is provided with the magnetorheological fluid, and the auxiliary support chassis is movably arranged in the space in the vertical direction.

[0015] Optionally, an annular sealing cover is detachably provided on the outer casing. The annular sealing cover is configured to form the bottom of the annular groove. When the annular sealing cover is separated from the outer casing, the auxiliary support chassis can pass through the annular groove and be horizontally positioned in the space.

[0016] Optionally, it also includes a collection tank, the rotating seat having a liquid recovery tank connecting the collection tank and the space, through which the magnetorheological fluid in the space can flow into the collection tank.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0018] This invention provides a fixture for machining curved thin-walled parts. In practical use, the fixture first fills the space of the outer shell with magnetorheological fluid. Then, based on the external shape of the curved thin-walled part, the hemispherical connector is rotated within the first hemispherical groove to achieve large-angle coarse adjustment of multiple suction cup assemblies. Next, the curved thin-walled part is placed within the space of the outer shell, and the magnetorheological fluid is wrapped around the opposite surface of the curved thin-walled part. Then, the control system drives the telescopic part, causing it to gradually approach the curved thin-walled part axially along the suction cups. Simultaneously, based on the shape characteristics of the curved thin-walled part, the suction cups on the suction cup shaft can adaptively rotate at micro-angles until all the suction cups in the multiple suction cup assemblies are tightly attached to the outer surface of the curved thin-walled part. By monitoring the pressure sensors on the suction cups, the clamping force of the multiple suction cups on the curved thin-walled part is precisely controlled. Finally, the electromagnetic coil on the outer shell is energized, causing the magnetorheological fluid to undergo a phase change and solidify, providing auxiliary support for the curved thin-walled part. Compared with existing magnetorheological fixtures, this fixture can achieve the purpose of clamping and supporting curved thin-walled parts of any external shape by using the large-angle coarse adjustment of the suction cup assembly and the small-angle micro adjustment of the suction cup shaft, in conjunction with the auxiliary support of the magnetorheological fluid. This effectively improves the applicability of the fixture and ensures its clamping accuracy. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the fixture for machining curved thin-walled parts provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of a fixture for machining curved thin-walled parts provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the belt drive structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a top view of a fixture for machining curved thin-walled parts provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the suction cup assembly provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the telescopic part provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the mounting bracket provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the suction cup portion provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] In the picture:

[0028] 100. Magnetorheological fluid;

[0029] 1. Base; 11. Fixed seat; 12. Rotating seat; 121. Limiting slot; 122. Liquid recovery tank; 13. Belt drive structure; 131. Drive motor; 132. Driving wheel; 133. Driven wheel; 134. Belt; 135. Drive shaft; 136. Support column; 137. Transmission support assembly; 1371. Support platform; 1372. Support arm; 1373. Transmission support wheel;

[0030] 2. Install the support; 21. Legs;

[0031] 3. Outer shell; 31. Liquid guiding groove; 32. Auxiliary support base; 33. Annular groove; 34. Magnetic slider; 341. First hemispherical groove;

[0032] 4. Suction cup assembly; 41. Hemispherical joint; 42. Telescopic part; 421. Suction cup motor; 422. Fixing plate; 423. Coupling; 424. Ball screw; 425. Telescopic shaft; 43. Suction cup part; 431. Mounting bracket; 4311. Telescopic through hole; 4312. Shaft side groove; 432. Suction cup shaft; 433. Suction cup; 4321. First shaft body; 4322. Second shaft body; 4323. Connecting part; 44. Pressure sensor;

[0033] 51. Electromagnetic coil. Detailed Implementation

[0034] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. The terms "first position" and "second position" refer to two different positions.

[0035] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections or detachable connections; mechanical connections or electrical connections; direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal connections between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0036] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0037] The following is combined Figures 1 to 8 The present invention will be described in detail with specific embodiments, providing a fixture for machining curved thin-walled parts.

[0038] refer to Figure 1As shown, in this embodiment, the fixture includes a base 1, a mounting support 2, a housing 3, suction cup assemblies 4, and a control system (not shown in the figure). The base 1 is provided with the mounting support 2; the mounting support 2 has an inverted frustum structure, and the housing 3 can be directly inserted into the mounting support 2, thereby facilitating the installation of the fixture and providing additional support and stability to the housing 3 through the mounting support 2; the housing 3 has space for placing curved thin-walled parts and magnetorheological fluid 100, and multiple suction cup assemblies 4 are respectively arranged circumferentially and vertically within the housing 3, for example, two suction cup assemblies 4 are arranged circumferentially and vertically respectively; the control system can control the movement of the suction cup assemblies 4 and the phase state of the magnetorheological fluid 100; the suction cup assemblies 4 are used to clamp the curved thin-walled parts located in the space.

[0039] Specifically, the base 1 includes a fixed seat 11 and a rotating seat 12. The fixed seat 11 is preferably circular, allowing the fixture to be fixed in any direction on the machine tool machining position using clamping equipment such as a vise. The fixed seat 11 also facilitates the movement of the entire fixture. The rotating seat 12 is rotatably mounted on the fixed seat 11 along its own axis, and a mounting support 2 is provided on the rotating seat 12. After the machining of some surfaces of the curved thin-walled part is completed, the control system can analyze the shape and size of the curved thin-walled part according to the pre-imported data, and then adjust the movement of the drive motor 131 to rotate the rotating seat 12, so that the unmachined machining surface of the curved thin-walled part is aligned with the machining equipment. This eliminates the need to disassemble or move the curved thin-walled part, thus facilitating secondary machining of the curved thin-walled part by the machining equipment and ensuring high-quality machining.

[0040] More specifically, in combination Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the fixed base 11 is provided with a belt drive structure 13, which includes a drive motor 131, a drive pulley 132, a driven pulley 133, a belt 134, a drive shaft 135, and a support column 136. The drive motor 131 is electrically connected to the control system and is fixedly mounted within the fixed base 11. The output shaft of the drive motor 131 is drive-connected to the drive pulley 132, which is drive-connected to the driven pulley 133 via the belt 134. The driven pulley 133 is sleeved on the drive shaft 135. The surface of the support column 136 can have a rotating groove or an additional bushing, so that one end of the drive shaft 135 is rotatably connected to the support column 136, and the other end is drive-connected to the rotating base 12. The support column 136 is fixedly mounted within the fixed base 11. This belt drive structure 13 enables the rotating base 12 to rotate smoothly and transmits a large amount of power. Compared to gear drives, it also eliminates the need for frequent maintenance or lubrication changes, reducing maintenance costs and cycles.

[0041] More specifically, the belt drive structure 13 in this embodiment also includes a transmission support assembly 137, see reference. Figure 3 As shown, it includes a support platform 1371, a support arm 1372, and a transmission support wheel 1373. The support platform 1371 has a U-shaped plate structure, with a through hole in its horizontal part for the output shaft of the drive motor 131 to rotate through. Its vertical part is fixedly connected to the support arm 1372. The transmission support wheel 1373 is rotatably connected to the support arm 1372 along its own axis and is pressed tightly against the belt 134. On the one hand, the support platform 1371 and the support arm 1372 can achieve the purpose of fixing the transmission support wheel 1373 in the fixed seat 11. On the other hand, the fixed transmission support wheel 1373 can provide additional transmission force to the belt 134, thereby reducing the load and torque on the drive wheel 132 and the driven wheel 133 during operation, thus ensuring the rigidity and service life of the belt 134 transmission mechanism.

[0042] Continue to refer to Figure 1 As shown, in order to improve the connection stability between the mounting support 2 and the rotating seat 12, in this embodiment, a plurality of legs 21 are provided at equal intervals along the circumference on the outer side wall of the mounting support 2, and a plurality of limiting slots 121 are provided on the rotating seat 12. The legs 21 are embedded in the limiting slots 121 one by one, so as to enhance the connection stability between the mounting support 2 and the rotating seat 12 by increasing the contact surface area.

[0043] Preferably, refer to Figure 3 As shown, the outer shell 3 provided in this embodiment has an inverted frustum-shaped structure, allowing the curved thin-walled component to be placed at a suitable depth within the space based on its horizontal cross-sectional area. This also facilitates precise control of the magnetorheological fluid 100 dosage by the operator based on the placement depth of the curved thin-walled component, thereby saving costs. In this embodiment, the control system includes electromagnetic coils 51 uniformly distributed within the outer shell 3. It should be noted that the density of these electromagnetic coils 51 increases from bottom to top to maintain the uniformity of the magnetic field within the space of the outer shell 3. Further, refer to... Figure 1 , Figure 4 As shown, the inner wall of the outer casing 3 has a plurality of vertically extending liquid guiding grooves 31. The liquid guiding grooves 31 can ensure that the magnetorheological fluid 100 is poured into the space along a predetermined path, avoiding the magnetorheological fluid 100 from splashing out during the pouring process and preventing unnecessary waste.

[0044] Specifically, such as Figure 2As shown, an auxiliary support base 32 is horizontally arranged within the space of the outer casing 3. The outer wall of the auxiliary support base 32 is sealed and fitted to the inner wall of the outer casing 3, allowing the magnetorheological fluid 100 to be poured onto the upper surface of the auxiliary support base 32. The auxiliary support base 32 can be vertically movable within the space. This allows operators to adjust the height of the auxiliary support base 32 within the outer casing 3 by selecting an auxiliary support base 32 with a suitable horizontal cross-sectional area, thus avoiding the need to fill the lower part of the auxiliary support base 32 with magnetorheological fluid 100, and effectively reducing the amount of magnetorheological fluid 100 used.

[0045] More specifically, in this embodiment, the auxiliary support chassis 32 includes a chassis body and a flexible insulating rubber membrane. The flexible insulating rubber membrane covers the upper surface of the chassis body to provide a certain degree of impact protection for the curved thin-walled component. In other embodiments, an electromagnetic coil 51 can also be provided within the chassis body to further enhance the strength of the cured magnetorheological fluid 100 and improve the support stability for the curved thin-walled component. Simultaneously, the flexible insulating rubber membrane also prevents the current generated when the chassis body is energized from interfering with or damaging the curved thin-walled component.

[0046] For example, the specific implementation of height adjustment of the auxiliary support chassis 32 within the space is as follows: the inner wall of the outer shell 3 has multiple annular grooves 33 along the vertical direction. In this embodiment, the annular grooves 33 and the liquid guiding grooves 31 are staggered. The aforementioned electromagnetic coil 51 is provided in the annular groove 33. In addition, an annular sealing cover (not shown in the figure) is detachably provided on the outer shell 3. The annular sealing cover serves as the bottom of the annular groove 33. That is to say, the annular groove 33 is an annular through groove, and the space inside the outer shell 3 can be connected to the external environment through the annular through groove. Normally, the annular sealing cover is located at the bottom of the annular groove 33 to prevent the magnetorheological fluid 100 in the space from leaking outward. When the annular sealing cover is separated from the outer shell 3, the operator determines the size of the auxiliary support chassis 32 according to the height of the annular groove 33 covered by the annular sealing cover. Then, the selected auxiliary support chassis 32 is passed through the annular groove 33 and horizontally placed in the space of the outer shell 3, thereby completing the installation of the auxiliary support chassis 32. When the height of the auxiliary support chassis 32 needs to be adjusted, the operator selects an auxiliary support chassis 32 with a different horizontal cross-sectional area, removes the annular sealing cover at a different height, and then installs the auxiliary support chassis 32 onto the outer shell 3 using the method described above, thereby changing the installation height of the auxiliary support chassis 32. This method is simple, quick, and highly operable, greatly improving the efficiency of adjusting the height of the auxiliary support chassis 32.

[0047] It is worth mentioning that after the curved thin-walled part is processed, the electromagnetic coil 51 on the outer shell 3 is de-energized, causing the magnetorheological fluid 100 to revert to a liquid state. At this time, the magnetorheological fluid 100 inside the outer shell 3 needs to be discharged outwards. As is known from existing technology, the tiny magnetic particles inside the magnetorheological fluid 100 have the characteristic of reversible arrangement, thus enabling it to repeatedly undergo phase transitions and be used multiple times. To facilitate the collection of the magnetorheological fluid 100, in this embodiment, the rotating base 12 has a liquid recovery tank 122 that connects to an externally located collection tank (not shown in the figure) and the internal space of the outer shell 3. The operator lifts the outer shell 3 from the mounting support 2 so that the annular groove 33 where the auxiliary support base 32 is located is exposed to the external environment. Then, the auxiliary support base 32 is slowly pulled outward for a certain length so that the magnetorheological fluid 100 can continue to flow downward from the gap between the auxiliary support base 32 and the inner wall of the outer shell 3, and flow into the collection tank through the liquid recovery tank 122, thereby completing the collection, recycling and reuse of the magnetorheological fluid 100.

[0048] Optionally, in this embodiment, a plurality of magnetic sliders 34 are slidably disposed within the annular groove 33. The magnetic sliders 34 are connected to the suction cup assembly 4, and in this embodiment, the magnetic sliders 34 are disposed within the annular groove 33 with an annular sealing cover to prevent the magnetic sliders 34 from falling off. After the electromagnetic coil 51 inside the outer casing 3 is energized, it can drive the magnetic sliders 34 to slide within the annular groove 33, thereby causing the suction cup assembly 4 to rotate circumferentially in space. This allows the suction cup assembly 4 to clamp and support the curved thin-walled part at the most suitable position, thereby effectively improving the operability, clamping accuracy, and flexibility of the fixture.

[0049] The specific structure of the suction cup assembly 4 provided in this embodiment will be described in detail below. (Combined with...) Figures 5 to 8 As shown, the suction cup assembly 4 includes a hemispherical connector 41, a telescopic part 42, a suction cup part 43, and a pressure sensor 44. In this embodiment, the magnetic slider 34 has a first hemispherical groove 341, and the hemispherical connector 41 is rotatably connected to the first hemispherical groove 341; the telescopic part 42 is connected to the hemispherical connector 41, and the output end of the telescopic part 42 is driven to the suction cup part 43 to drive the suction cup part 43 to perform circumferential movement; the suction cup part 43 includes a mounting frame 431 and a suction cup shaft 432, the mounting frame 431 is driven to the telescopic part 42, and a second hemispherical groove is provided on the mounting frame 431; one end of the suction cup shaft 432 is a hemispherical structure, which is rotatably embedded in the second hemispherical groove; the other end of the suction cup shaft 432 is fixedly provided with a suction cup 433, and the pressure sensor 44 is provided on the suction cup 433.

[0050] For example, the following process describes the specific operational steps for using this fixture:

[0051] First, the magnetorheological fluid 100 is poured into the space of the outer shell 3 along the liquid guide groove 31 and supported by the auxiliary support chassis 32.

[0052] Secondly, based on the external shape of the curved thin-walled component, select the number of suction cup assemblies 4 to be used. Then, the operator can manually rotate the hemispherical connector 41 in the selected suction cup assembly 4 within the first hemispherical groove 341 to achieve large-angle coarse adjustment of multiple suction cup assemblies 4.

[0053] Next, the curved thin-walled part is placed within the space of the outer shell 3, allowing the magnetorheological fluid 100 to coat the opposite surface of the curved thin-walled part. Then, the control system drives multiple telescopic parts 42, causing the telescopic parts 42, along with the suction cup parts 43, to gradually approach the outer surface of the curved thin-walled part axially. Simultaneously, the suction cups 433 on the suction cup shaft 432 can adaptively rotate at micro-angles according to the shape characteristics of the curved thin-walled part, ensuring that all the suction cups 433 in the multiple suction cup assemblies 4 are tightly attached to the outer surface of the curved thin-walled part. Preferably, three suction cups 433 are connected in series on the suction cup shaft 432 to enhance the adsorption effect on the curved thin-walled part.

[0054] Finally, by monitoring the pressure sensor on the suction cup 433 through the control system, the clamping force of multiple suction cup parts 43 on the curved thin-walled part is precisely controlled, and the electromagnetic coil 51 on the outer shell 3 is energized to cause the magnetorheological fluid 100 to undergo phase change and solidify, so as to provide auxiliary support for the curved thin-walled part and make up for the lack of clamping support of the suction cup assembly 4.

[0055] Compared with existing magnetorheological fixtures, the fixture provided in this embodiment, through the large-angle coarse adjustment of the suction cup assembly 4 and the small-angle micro-adjustment of the suction cup shaft 432, combined with the auxiliary support of the magnetorheological fluid 100, enables the fixture to clamp thin-walled curved parts with simple or complex external facade shapes, effectively improving the applicability of the fixture. At the same time, through the monitoring of the control system, the clamping accuracy of the fixture is ensured, overcoming the shortcomings of the narrow applicability of existing magnetorheological fixtures.

[0056] Specifically, in this embodiment, reference is made to... Figure 6 As shown, the telescopic part 42 includes a suction cup motor 421, a fixing plate 422, a coupling 423, a ball screw 424, and a telescopic shaft 425. The suction cup motor 421 is electrically connected to the control system and is housed within the hemispherical joint 41. The fixing plate 422 is fitted and limited within the hemispherical joint 41. The coupling 423 passes through the fixing plate 422 and is connected to the ball screw 424 for transmission. The telescopic shaft 425 has an internal threaded hole, and the end of the ball screw 424 furthest from the suction cup motor 421 is threaded into the internal threaded hole. (Reference) Figure 7As shown, the mounting bracket 431 has a telescopic through hole 4311, and a shaft-side retaining groove 4312 is formed on the side wall of the telescopic through hole 4311. After the telescopic shaft 425 is limited and inserted into the telescopic through hole 4311, it can be clamped onto the mounting bracket 431 by fasteners such as pins through the shaft-side retaining groove 4312. This not only makes the connection convenient and the operation highly feasible, but also facilitates the disassembly, replacement, maintenance and upkeep of the mounting bracket 431 and the telescopic shaft 425. The control system controls the axial movement of the mounting bracket 431 by controlling the suction cup motor 421, thereby accurately and reliably controlling the magnitude of the clamping force of the telescopic part 42 on the curved thin-walled part, and further improving the flexibility and operability of the fixture.

[0057] Specifically, to facilitate the disassembly and replacement of the suction cup 433 on the suction cup shaft 432 by the staff, such as Figure 8 As shown, the suction cup shaft 432 provided in this embodiment includes a first shaft 4321, a second shaft 4322, and a connector 4323. One section of the first shaft 4321 has the aforementioned hemispherical structure. The other end of the first shaft 4321 is detachably connected to the second shaft 4322 via the connector 4323 (for example, both the other end of the first shaft 4321 and the second shaft 4322 are provided with external threads, and the connector 4323 is a nut, with both ends of the nut threadedly connected to the other end of the first shaft 4321 and the second shaft 4322, respectively). The suction cup 433 is fixedly mounted on the second shaft 4322. Therefore, the operator only needs to unscrew the second shaft 4322 from the nut to inspect the suction cup 433 on the second shaft 4322, ensuring the safety and performance of the suction cup 433.

[0058] Optionally, in this embodiment, combined with Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, the mounting bracket 431 has a triangular cross-section, and each corner of the mounting bracket 431 has a second hemispherical groove as described above. Each second hemispherical groove is rotatably connected to a suction cup shaft 432, and an electromagnetic coil 51 is installed in the second shaft 4322. The purpose of this arrangement is that, since the tripod is equipped with triangular dot matrix suction cup parts 43, when the control system energizes the electromagnetic coil 51 located in the second shaft 4322, an electromagnetic field can be generated in the triangular area formed by the three suction cup parts 43, so as to further improve the curing degree of the magnetorheological fluid 100 in this area. By utilizing the stability characteristics of triangles, the support stiffness of the suction cup assembly 4 for the curved thin-walled parts can be further improved. Furthermore, the magnetorheological fluid 100 located near the suction cup 43 can significantly shorten the time required for the solidification phase change compared to magnetorheological fluid 100 in other locations. This allows for stable clamping of the curved thin-walled part before all the magnetorheological fluids 100 in the space solidify and change phase, significantly reducing the probability of displacement caused by compression of the fixed position of the curved thin-walled part after the magnetorheological fluids 100 in other locations solidify.

[0059] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make other variations or modifications based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively describe all embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fixture for machining curved thin-walled parts, characterized in that, Includes an outer casing (3), a suction cup assembly (4), and a control system, wherein: The outer shell (3) has a space for the curved thin-walled component and the magnetorheological fluid (100) to be placed. Multiple suction cup assemblies (4) are respectively arranged on the inner sidewall of the outer shell (3) along the circumferential and vertical directions. The outer shell (3) is provided with a first hemispherical groove (341). The suction cup assembly (4) includes a hemispherical connector (41), a telescopic part (42), a suction cup part (43), and a pressure sensor (44). The hemispherical connector (41) is rotatably disposed within the first hemispherical groove (341). The telescopic part (42) is connected to the hemispherical connector (41), and the output end of the telescopic part (42) is drively connected to the suction cup part (43) to drive the suction cup part (43) to perform axial movement. The device includes a mounting bracket (431) and a suction cup shaft (432). The mounting bracket (431) is connected to the telescopic part (42) and has a second hemispherical groove. One end of the suction cup shaft (432) is a hemispherical structure, which is rotatably embedded in the second hemispherical groove. The other end of the suction cup shaft (432) is fixed with a suction cup (433), and the pressure sensor (44) is disposed on the suction cup (433). The control system is driven and connected to the telescopic part (42) and signal-connected to the pressure sensor (44). The control system includes an electromagnetic coil (51), which is provided on the outer shell (3).

2. The fixture for machining curved thin-walled parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The suction cup shaft (432) includes a first shaft (4321), a second shaft (4322), and a connector (4323). One end of the first shaft (4321) is a hemispherical structure, and the other end of the first shaft (4321) is detachably connected to the second shaft (4322) through the connector (4323). The suction cup (433) is fixed on the second shaft (4322).

3. The fixture for machining curved thin-walled parts according to claim 2, characterized in that, The mounting bracket (431) has a triangular cross-section, and a second hemispherical groove is provided at each corner of the mounting bracket (431). A suction cup shaft (432) is rotatably connected in each second hemispherical groove, and an electromagnetic coil (51) is provided in the second shaft (4322).

4. The fixture for machining curved thin-walled parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer shell (3) has an inverted frustum-shaped structure.

5. The fixture for machining curved thin-walled parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner wall of the outer shell (3) has a plurality of annular grooves (33) along the vertical direction, and the electromagnetic coil (51) is provided in the annular grooves (33); the outer shell (3) is also provided with a plurality of magnetic sliders (34), the magnetic sliders (34) are slidably disposed in the annular grooves (33), and the first hemispherical groove (341) is provided on the magnetic sliders (34).

6. The fixture for machining curved thin-walled parts according to claim 5, characterized in that, It also includes a belt drive structure (13) and a rotating seat (12). The belt drive structure (13) includes a drive motor (131), a drive wheel (132), a driven wheel (133), a belt (134), a drive shaft (135), and a support column (136). The control system is electrically connected to the drive motor (131). The output shaft of the drive motor (131) is driven to the drive wheel (132). The drive wheel (132) is driven to the driven wheel (133) via the belt (134). The driven wheel (133) is sleeved on the drive shaft (135). One end of the drive shaft (135) is rotatably connected to the support column (136). The other end of the drive shaft (135) is driven to the rotating seat (12). The support column (136) is fixedly installed. The rotating seat (12) is driven to the outer shell (3).

7. The fixture for machining curved thin-walled parts according to claim 6, characterized in that, The belt drive structure (13) further includes a transmission support assembly (137), which includes a transmission support wheel (1373). The transmission support wheel (1373) is rotatably fixed along its own axis and pressed tightly against the belt (134).

8. The fixture for machining curved thin-walled parts according to claim 6, characterized in that, An auxiliary support chassis (32) is horizontally arranged in the space. The outer side wall of the auxiliary support chassis (32) is sealed and attached to the inner side wall of the outer shell (3). The magnetorheological fluid (100) is provided on the upper surface of the auxiliary support chassis (32), and the auxiliary support chassis (32) is movably arranged in the space in the vertical direction.

9. The fixture for machining curved thin-walled parts according to claim 8, characterized in that, The outer casing (3) is detachably provided with an annular sealing cover, which is configured to form the bottom of the annular groove (33). When the annular sealing cover is separated from the outer casing (3), the auxiliary support chassis (32) can pass through the annular groove (33) and be horizontally positioned in the space.

10. The fixture for machining curved thin-walled parts according to claim 9, characterized in that, It also includes a collection tank, and the rotating seat (12) has a liquid recovery tank (122) connecting the collection tank and the space, through which the magnetorheological fluid (100) in the space can flow into the collection tank.

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