High-voltage battery wireless high-power charging device and charging method

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-voltage battery wireless high-power charging device which is provided with ground end equipment fixed on the ground of a parking area and connected with a power grid, a vehicle end receiving device coupled with the ground end equipment is arranged in a chassis of an automobile with a wireless charging function, and the vehicle end receiving device outputs electric energy to a power assembly through a high-voltage power line. The power assembly transmits input electric energy to the power battery, the communication end of the vehicle end receiving device is connected with the vehicle-mounted large screen and the VCU, a groove used for embedding ground end equipment is formed in the ground of the parking area, and a lifting mechanism used for supporting the ground end equipment is arranged in the groove. The device can be suitable for large-voltage wireless charging, is high in intelligent degree, is safe and reliable, and is convenient to maintain.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of electric vehicle charging, and in particular to a high-voltage battery wireless high-power charging device and a charging method. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of science and technology and the strong promotion of the country, the field of new energy vehicles is showing a booming trend. New energy vehicles include pure electric vehicles, hybrid vehicles, extended-range vehicles and hydrogen energy vehicles. Pure electric vehicles are one of the important development directions. Pure electric vehicles use power batteries as driving energy. When the battery power is used up, it needs to be recharged. The current recharge methods include ordinary charging, fast charging and battery replacement.

[0003] Wireless charging generates power conduction by establishing circuit coupling between the ground charging device and the vehicle receiving device. The ground device is designed with many conductive coils and installed on the ground of the parking lot, while the vehicle receiving device is installed at the bottom of the new energy vehicle to receive the power transmitted by the ground panel. The alternating magnetic field generated by the transmitting coil will induce the current on the receiving coil, thereby realizing the transmission of power. The advantage of this technology is that the charging efficiency is high and the charging can be completed in a short time. At the same time, the vehicle can move within a certain range during charging.

[0004] Most of the current wireless charging devices have structures like this device, such as the public document with publication number CN111907363A and patent name "A lifting wireless charger and automobile intelligent automatic alignment system and alignment method thereof", which was published on November 10, 2020. It discloses a lifting wireless charger and automobile intelligent automatic alignment system, including a wireless charger and a receiver. The wireless charger includes a base, a lifting device and a wireless transmitter. A wireless transmitting coil is provided in the wireless transmitter. A moving mechanism is provided between the wireless transmitter and the lifting device. A controller is provided on the wireless transmitter. A current sensor is installed at the center of the receiver. The controller is electrically connected to the current sensor, and the controller is electrically connected to the moving mechanism. During charging, the current sensor can sense the charge between the wireless transmitter and the receiver on the car. When it is detected that the receiver current is not the maximum value, the wireless transmitter is moved horizontally to the left and right for a distance, so that the current sensor can find the maximum value of the charging current, so that the horizontal distance between the wireless transmitter and the receiver is within the error range.

[0005] The development of similar wireless charging technologies provides a more convenient and flexible way to charge electric vehicles, which can effectively solve the connection problems and charging pile resource competition problems in traditional wired charging. However, current wireless charging cannot meet the needs of high-power wireless charging of high-voltage batteries in electric vehicles. Summary of the invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to realize a high-voltage battery wireless high-power charging device and charging method, and the charging power can reach more than several kW.

[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a high-voltage battery wireless high-power charging device, the device is provided with a ground-end device fixed on the ground of the parking area and connected to the power grid, and a vehicle-end receiving device coupled to the ground-end device is provided in the chassis of a car with a wireless charging function. The vehicle-end receiving device outputs electric energy to the power train through a high-voltage power line, and the power train transmits the input electric energy to the power battery. The communication end of the vehicle-end receiving device is connected to the on-board large screen and VCU, and the ground of the parking area is provided with a groove for embedding the ground-end device, and the groove is provided with a lifting mechanism for supporting the ground-end device.

[0008] A distance sensor for sensing the distance between the ground terminal device and the vehicle and an environmental sensor for sensing the surrounding environment are arranged above the ground terminal device. The environmental sensor includes a foreign body detection mechanism and a living body detection mechanism.

[0009] The parking area is equipped with a parking robot, which is a device used to support the car to be charged and adjust the position of the car to be charged. The ground-end device interacts with the parking robot and the car-end receiving device through wireless signals.

[0010] The vehicle-end receiving device and the ground-end equipment are both embedded with cooling pipes, which are water pipes coiled in the coil gaps, with water outlets and water inlets provided at both ends of the cooling pipes. Both ends of the cooling pipes of the vehicle-end receiving device are connected to the liquid cooling circulation system of the automobile battery, and both ends of the cooling pipes of the ground-end equipment are connected to the liquid cooling circulation system arranged in the ground-end equipment.

[0011] A charging method for a high-voltage battery wireless high-power charging device:

[0012] Step 1: The car to be charged stops at a parking area with ground-end equipment;

[0013] Step 2: The ground device establishes wireless communication with the vehicle to be charged;

[0014] Step 3: The vehicle to be charged enters the charging state, and when the ground-end device detects that the conditions at that time meet the charging state, the ground-end device is ready to start charging;

[0015] Step 4: The ground device performs wireless charging;

[0016] Step 5: When the vehicle to be charged is fully charged, or the vehicle to be charged actively requests to exit charging;

[0017] Step 6: The ground device exits the charging state;

[0018] Step 7: Allow the vehicle to be charged to power on.

[0019] In step 3, the charging state that needs to be met by the ground-end device detection includes:

[0020] 1) The car to be charged exits the driving state and powers down;

[0021] 2) The vehicle is tested for foreign objects and living things, and there are no foreign objects or living things on the ground or under the vehicle within the preset warning area.

[0022] In step 4, the parking robot lifts the car, the ground-end equipment starts low-power charging and obtains the charging rate of the car in real time, the parking robot adjusts the position of the car so that the charging rate reaches the maximum value or a preset threshold, and then the parking robot puts down the car.

[0023] After the parking robot puts down the car, the ground-end equipment rises until the gap with the car chassis reaches the preset minimum value.

[0024] In step 6, the ground-end device turns off charging, and the ground-end device descends to the lowest position.

[0025] The advantages of the present invention are:

[0026] 1. High degree of intelligence, which can greatly enhance the user experience. Compared with charging piles, wireless charging reduces the user's actions of pulling out and plugging guns and opening the charging port cover, and intelligently identifies charging;

[0027] 2. Safe and reliable. Wireless charging does not require users to perform unnecessary gun plugging operations, and the risk of contact with high voltage is reduced. At the same time, when charging with a wired charger, if the charging gun is not properly plugged in, there is a risk of driving with the gun, causing damage to the charging pile or circuit leakage. Wireless charging can completely avoid this risk.

[0028] 4. High reliability and easy maintenance; it can meet the needs of high-power charging, and the environment of the charging station is relatively harsh, and rain and dust will enter the charging gun. In this way, the wired charging will be worn out after multiple plugging and unplugging, resulting in overheating alarm or failure to charge. At this time, the charging cable and gun head need to be replaced, which has poor reliability and high maintenance cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] The following is a brief description of the contents expressed in each figure in the specification of the present invention and the marks in the figure:

[0030] Figure 1 It is a block diagram of the high voltage battery wireless charging system;

[0031] Figure 2 It is the wireless charging control strategy;

[0032] Figure 3 is an oblique view of a vehicle receiving device;

[0033] Figure 4 is a bottom view of the vehicle receiving device;

[0034] The marks in the above figures are: 1. Power grid; 2. Ground-end equipment; 3. Vehicle-end receiving device; 4. VCU; 5. On-board large screen; 6. Powertrain; 7. Power battery; 8. Water inlet; 9. High-voltage connector; 10. Low-voltage connector; 11. Water outlet; 12. Mounting hole; 13. Chassis installation; 14. Ground direction. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The following is a further detailed description of the specific implementation methods of the present invention, such as the shape, structure, relative position and connection relationship between the various components involved, the function and working principle of each part, the manufacturing process and operation method, etc., through the description of the embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings, so as to help those skilled in the art to have a more complete, accurate and in-depth understanding of the inventive concept and technical solution of the present invention.

[0036] like Figure 1 As shown, the system module block diagram of high-voltage battery wireless charging includes power grid 1, low-end equipment, vehicle-mounted charging device, VCU 4, vehicle-mounted large screen 5, six-in-one powertrain 6 and power battery 7. The system block diagram includes a high-voltage power flow path and a low-voltage communication interaction path.

[0037] The ground-end device 2 is fixed on the ground and needs to be equipped with a special parking area. Multiple parking areas can also be gathered together to form a wireless charging parking lot. The ground of the parking area is provided with a groove for embedding the ground-end device 2. The groove is matched with the gap of the ground-end device 2. A lifting mechanism supporting the ground-end device 2 is provided in the groove. The lifting mechanism is controlled by the ground-end device 2 and can be lifted and lowered as needed. In the normal state (when not charging), it is embedded in the groove and forms a flat plane with the ground to facilitate the passage of vehicles. Because it needs to be lifted and lowered, there will inevitably be a gap between the ground-end device 2 and the groove. Therefore, a drainage system needs to be set at the bottom of the groove to prevent the ground-end device 2 from accumulating water and getting damp. Because the ground-end device 2 is supported by the lifting mechanism, it can be understood as suspended treatment. Therefore, it only needs to do the conventional waterproof treatment of the outer shell, and it can be set up and used in the open air. Because the present device has a lifting structure, it can reduce the gap between the ground-end device 2 and the vehicle-end receiving device 3 as much as possible as needed, so that high-efficiency high-voltage transmission can be achieved, and fast charging function can be realized.

[0038] Because the chassis height of each vehicle model is different, in order to minimize the difference with the vehicle chassis, a distance sensor for sensing the distance between the ground and the car is provided above the ground terminal device 2. In order to ensure accuracy, multiple sensors can be set at the same time and distributed at different positions of the ground terminal device 2. The distance sensor uses radar waves to obtain the distance to the upper obstacle (car chassis). Each distance sensor is connected to the main control module in the ground terminal device 2, and the lifting mechanism is driven by the main control module to realize intelligent linkage. In addition, environmental sensors for sensing the surrounding environment are provided around the ground terminal device 2. The environmental sensors include foreign object detection mechanisms and living thing detection mechanisms, which can detect whether there are foreign objects or living things to avoid accidents. The environmental sensors are also connected to the main control module in the ground terminal device 2 through data cables as reference parameters for intelligent linkage control.

[0039] The main control module of the ground-end device 2 is a low-voltage circuit and has a communication module, which is connected to the management equipment in the charging area through the communication module. The management equipment can be the central control room in the parking lot, the cloud management platform, etc., which is used for overall monitoring and adjustment, and can work in conjunction with other equipment in the parking lot, such as cameras, etc., which can obtain license plates, vehicle models, and vehicle parking position light signals through cameras. At the same time, the communication module can also communicate wirelessly with the vehicle, and can also send wireless signals to communicate with the parking robot.

[0040] A high-voltage line connected to the power grid 1 is provided at the bottom of the groove. Because the ground-end device 2 needs to be raised and lowered, the high-voltage line needs to be flexible. The ultimate source of electric energy for the high-voltage line is the power grid 1. The power grid 1 needs to be connected to the ground-end device 2 to output AC power. The ground-end device 2 emits AC power of a certain frequency, and generates a certain current in the secondary coil through electromagnetic induction, thereby transferring energy from the transmission end to the receiving end.

[0041] The ground-end device 2 is also provided with a power conduction circuit and a transmitting coil module, wherein the power conduction circuit and the transmitting coil module are high-voltage circuits, and the control circuit is a low-voltage circuit; the power conduction circuit is connected to the external power grid 1, and is used to receive the power of the power grid 1 and perform conduction control. When charging is required, this part of the circuit is connected to output the alternating current of the power grid 1 to the transmitting coil. The coupling magnetic field generated on the transmitting coil will transfer energy, thereby generating a coupling current at the vehicle receiving device end; the control circuit includes logic control, foreign object detection and vehicle-end positioning functions.

[0042] The chassis of the car with wireless charging function is provided with a vehicle-side receiving device 3 coupled with the ground-end device 2. The vehicle-side receiving device 3 outputs electric energy to the power assembly 6 through the high-voltage power line. The power assembly 6 transmits the input electric energy to the power battery 7. The communication end of the vehicle-side receiving device 3 is connected to the vehicle-mounted large screen 5 and the VCU4. Specifically, the vehicle-mounted charging receiving device includes 4 main functional circuits, the functional circuits include a vehicle receiving circuit, a high-voltage conversion circuit, a control circuit and a communication circuit, wherein the vehicle receiving circuit and the conversion circuit are high-voltage circuits, and the control circuit and the communication circuit are low-voltage circuits; the vehicle receiving circuit includes a receiving coil or a secondary coil, the ground-end primary coil generates an alternating current of a certain frequency, and the high-frequency alternating magnetic field generated by the transmitting coil generates a certain current in the secondary coil clock through inductive coupling, which is alternating current at this time; the conversion circuit includes a rectifier and filter circuit, which converts the alternating current into a corresponding direct current through rectification and filtering, and then outputs it to the power battery 7 through a high-voltage interface for power replenishment. The control circuit includes logic control, foreign body and living thing detection and vehicle-end positioning functions, and the communication circuit adopts CANFD communication for communication and interaction with other modules.

[0043] The parking area is equipped with a parking robot. The parking robot adopts the existing parking robot. It can be an independent robot that lifts four wheels, or it can be placed under the chassis of the car, find the support position through visual recognition, and lift the car with a lift. Because the parking robot needs to identify the parking position through pre-charging during the car moving process, the central area of ​​the parking robot needs to be hollowed out, or non-metallic materials are used so that the magnetic field can penetrate the parking robot. When the parking robot is working, it can be controlled by the ground end device 2, or it can be dispatched and controlled by the main control room in the parking lot. The parking lot is equipped with parking robots far less than the number of parking spaces as needed, and the demand for moving cars can be met through dispatching. In addition, there is a camera in the parking lot, which can obtain the parking space line on the ground. Through intelligent control, the matching status of the parking space and the parking position captured by the camera can be used for rough adjustment to ensure accurate parking. After that, the charging data can be used for fine adjustment to improve the efficiency of high-power charging and reduce energy loss. After each parking robot completes the vehicle adjustment, it will drive to the set position according to the set route. By adjusting the position of the vehicle through the parking robot, the vehicle positioning can be completed more accurately, flexibly and efficiently, ensuring that the ground-end device 2 and the vehicle-end receiving device 3 are aligned.

[0044] For cars with intelligent driving functions, car owners can park the vehicle in the charging area by themselves, or cooperate with automatic parking to automatically park the vehicle in the wireless charging area through the automatic parking function. It should be known that intelligent parking can reach the charging location more accurately.

[0045] Because both the ground-end device 2 and the vehicle-end receiving device 3 have high temperature problems during high-power charging, the vehicle-end receiving device 3 and the ground-end device 2 are both embedded with a system.

[0046] The vehicle-end receiving device 3 can adopt the water cooling system on the existing vehicle, and a water pipe is coiled in the coil gap of the vehicle-end receiving device 3. The two ends of the cooling pipe are provided with a water outlet 11 and a water inlet 8. The two ends of the cooling pipe of the vehicle-end receiving device 3 are connected to the liquid cooling circulation system of the vehicle battery, and the opening and closing of the liquid cooling circulation system of the vehicle battery of the vehicle-end receiving device 3, as well as the opening working state, can be controlled by a temperature sensor. The cooling pipe of the ground-end device 2 is also a water pipe coiled in the coil gap, and the two ends of the cooling pipe are provided with a water outlet 11 and a water inlet 8. The two ends of the cooling pipe of the ground-end device 2 are connected to the liquid cooling circulation system set in the ground-end device 2. In order to reduce the workload of the lifting mechanism, the liquid cooling circulation system of the ground-end device 2 can be pre-buried under the parking space, and the liquid cooling circulation system is connected to the cooling pipe of the ground-end device 2 through a retractable pipeline. The ground-end device 2 is also provided with a temperature sensor, and the opening and closing of the liquid cooling circulation system of the ground-end device 2, as well as the opening working state, can be controlled by the temperature sensor.

[0047] The on-board charger is equipped with a high-voltage harness connector, a low-voltage harness connector and a cooling water pipe connector. When wireless charging is performed, the ground equipment and the vehicle-end equipment use electromagnetic induction, and the on-board charger will output high-voltage current. The on-board charger is designed with a high-voltage connection port, using a Tyco 40A high-voltage connection socket, and the other end of the harness plug is connected to the harness and the six-in-one connection, and then the high-voltage electric energy is transferred to the power battery 7 through the six-in-one, and the six-in-one serves as a high-voltage power distribution. At the same time, the on-board charger needs to be cooled during the charging process, and a liquid cooling solution is adopted. The on-board charger needs to be designed with a cooling pipeline, including a water inlet pipeline interface and a water outlet pipeline interface; the cooling circuit is connected to the high-voltage cooling circuit of the whole vehicle; the on-board charger includes a controller, which has functions such as power supply and CAN communication. The on-board charger also needs to be designed with a low-voltage harness connector for connecting to the low-voltage circuit of the whole vehicle.

[0048] The charging method based on the above-mentioned high-voltage battery wireless high-power charging device includes the following steps:

[0049] Step 1: The car to be charged stops at a parking area with a ground terminal device 2. The car needs to be parked relatively accurately in the parking space;

[0050] Step 2: The ground device 2 establishes wireless communication with the vehicle to be charged. The process of establishing communication can be automatic identification, such as obtaining the parameter information of the vehicle through scanning by a corresponding scanning device, or active connection, such as the user scanning a QR code near the parking space, and the vehicle communicates with the ground device 2 through the QR code information;

[0051] Step 3: The vehicle to be charged enters the charging state, and when the ground-end device 2 detects that the conditions at that time meet the charging state, the ground-end device 2 is ready to start charging;

[0052] The charging status that the ground device 2 needs to detect includes:

[0053] 1) The car to be charged exits the driving state and powers down;

[0054] 2) The vehicle is tested for foreign objects and living things, and there are no foreign objects or living things on the ground or under the vehicle within the preset warning area.

[0055] Step 4: The ground device 2 performs wireless charging, but needs to perform positioning detection to determine whether it is in the specified area. If it is, the large screen can notify that it is in the wireless charging area; otherwise, the vehicle position needs to be readjusted until the area conditions are met; the synchronous vehicle performs foreign object and living object detection to determine whether there are foreign objects or living objects on the ground and vehicle ends. When it is determined that there are foreign objects or living objects, a fault report will be made.

[0056] The vehicle side determines whether the charging conditions are met. If not, the vehicle position is readjusted or foreign objects are checked. If yes, the charging conditions are met, a charging condition meeting information is sent, and the vehicle-mounted large screen 5 receives it.

[0057] Generally speaking, the parking robot can lift the car, the ground device 2 starts low-power charging and obtains the charging rate of the car in real time, the parking robot adjusts the position of the car so that the charging rate reaches the maximum value or a preset threshold, and then the parking robot puts the car down;

[0058] After the parking robot puts down the car, the ground device 2 rises until the gap with the car chassis reaches the preset minimum value;

[0059] Step 5: When the vehicle to be charged is fully charged, or the vehicle to be charged actively requests to exit charging;

[0060] The wireless charging strategy also includes charging mode settings, including automatic charging mode and manual charging mode. The automatic charging mode means that the vehicle automatically enters the wireless charging state after determining that the charging conditions are met; the manual charging mode means that when the charging conditions are met, the vehicle-mounted large screen 5 will prompt that the charging conditions are met, and the owner can choose whether to enter the charging state. After clicking to enter, a charging start signal is issued;

[0061] VCU4 receives the charging start permission signal and determines whether it is in the READY state. If it is in the READY state, it will exit the READY mode and send out the exit READY mode status information.

[0062] The on-board charging device receives the request to allow charging and the feedback of exiting the READY state, determines that the charging conditions are met, and sends a charging request signal to the ground receiving device. The ground receiving device attracts the power circuit and starts to transmit power, entering the wireless charging state.

[0063] Step 6, the ground device 2 exits the charging state; the ground device 2 turns off charging, and at the same time the ground device 2 drops to the lowest position. Before this, the car in the parking space is not allowed to be powered on to ensure the safety of the ground device 2;

[0064] Step 7: Allow the vehicle to be charged to power on.

[0065] The present invention is described above by way of example in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It is obvious that the specific implementation of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned method. As long as various non-substantial improvements are made using the method concept and technical solution of the present invention, or the concept and technical solution of the present invention are directly applied to other occasions without improvement, they are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-voltage battery wireless high-power charging device, characterized in that: The device is provided with a ground-end device fixed on the ground of the parking area and connected to the power grid. A vehicle-end receiving device coupled to the ground-end device is provided in the chassis of the car with wireless charging function. The vehicle-end receiving device outputs electric energy to the power train through a high-voltage power line, and the power train transmits the input electric energy to the power battery. The communication end of the vehicle-end receiving device is connected to the on-board large screen and VCU. The ground of the parking area is provided with a groove for embedding the ground-end device, and the groove is provided with a lifting mechanism for supporting the ground-end device.

2. The high-voltage battery wireless high-power charging device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A distance sensor for sensing the distance between the ground terminal device and the vehicle and an environmental sensor for sensing the surrounding environment are arranged above the ground terminal device. The environmental sensor includes a foreign body detection mechanism and a living body detection mechanism.

3. The high-voltage battery wireless high-power charging device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The parking area is equipped with a parking robot, which is a device used to support the car to be charged and adjust the position of the car to be charged. The ground-end device interacts with the parking robot and the car-end receiving device through wireless signals.

4. The high-voltage battery wireless high-power charging device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The vehicle-end receiving device and the ground-end equipment are both embedded with cooling pipes, which are water pipes coiled in the coil gaps, with water outlets and water inlets provided at both ends of the cooling pipes. Both ends of the cooling pipes of the vehicle-end receiving device are connected to the liquid cooling circulation system of the automobile battery, and both ends of the cooling pipes of the ground-end equipment are connected to the liquid cooling circulation system arranged in the ground-end equipment.

5. A charging method for a high-voltage battery wireless high-power charging device, characterized in that: Step 1: The car to be charged stops at a parking area with ground-end equipment; Step 2: The ground device establishes wireless communication with the vehicle to be charged; Step 3: The vehicle to be charged enters the charging state, and when the ground-end device detects that the conditions at that time meet the charging state, the ground-end device is ready to start charging; Step 4: The ground device performs wireless charging; Step 5: When the vehicle to be charged is fully charged, or the vehicle to be charged actively requests to exit charging; Step 6: The ground device exits the charging state; Step 7: Allow the vehicle to be charged to power on.

6. The charging method of the high-voltage battery wireless high-power charging device according to claim 5 is characterized in that: In step 3, the charging state that needs to be met by the ground-end device detection includes: 1) The vehicle to be charged exits the driving state and powers down; 2) The vehicle is tested for foreign objects and living things, and there are no foreign objects or living things on the ground or under the vehicle within the preset warning area.

7. The charging method of the high-voltage battery wireless high-power charging device according to claim 5 is characterized in that: In step 4, the parking robot lifts the car, the ground-end equipment starts low-power charging and obtains the charging rate of the car in real time, the parking robot adjusts the position of the car so that the charging rate reaches the maximum value or a preset threshold, and then the parking robot puts down the car.

8. The charging method of the high-voltage battery wireless high-power charging device according to claim 7 is characterized in that: After the parking robot puts down the car, the ground-end equipment rises until the gap with the car chassis reaches the preset minimum value.

9. The charging method of the high-voltage battery wireless high-power charging device according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step 6, the ground-end device turns off charging, and the ground-end device descends to the lowest position.

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