Railway freight unloading device

Abstract

The present invention discloses a railway freight unloading device, comprising: a movable base, on which a bracket is provided, and a load-bearing box is provided on the bracket; a movable box, which is arranged in the load-bearing box and can move horizontally along the load-bearing box, two adjusting plates that can move relative to each other or away from each other are arranged in the movable box, a clamping plate that can slide up and down relative to the adjusting plate is arranged on the adjusting plate, a telescopic plate is commonly connected between the two clamping plates, a plurality of first springs are arranged on the lower surface of the fixed part of the telescopic plate, the lower ends of the first springs are connected to the bottom of the movable box, two gravity plates are arranged on the fixed part of the telescopic plate, and a plurality of meshing teeth are arranged vertically and oppositely at intervals on the gravity plates; a driving assembly, which comprises two cylindrical cams with double helices rotatably connected to the movable box. The present invention realizes clamping of goods under the action of the gravity of the goods by arranging the adjusting plate, the supporting plate, the telescopic plate and the driving assembly, thereby improving the stability of unloading and loading.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of railway freight unloading equipment. More specifically, the present invention relates to a railway freight unloading device. Background Art

[0002] Railway transportation is a transportation mode that uses railway trains to transport passengers and goods. It plays an important role in the process of social material production. With the continuous growth of railway freight volume, the deficiencies of traditional cargo handling devices in terms of efficiency, safety, and adaptability have become increasingly prominent. To improve the cargo handling effect, a patent with the publication number "CN219602726U" discloses a railway transportation unloading device, which includes a base, a frame, a moving box, and an installation box. However, this device uses a fixed moving box, which cannot fix goods of different sizes during unloading, affecting the stability of the goods during unloading. Summary of the Invention

[0003] An object of the present invention is to provide a railway freight unloading device, which realizes clamping of goods under the action of the gravity of the goods by setting an adjusting plate, a supporting plate, a telescopic plate, and a driving component, improving the stability of unloading.

[0004] To achieve these objects and other advantages of the present invention, there is provided a railway freight unloading device, including:

[0005] A movable base, on which there is a bracket, and a load-bearing box that can slide up and down relative to the bracket is provided on the bracket;

[0006] A moving box, which is arranged in the load-bearing box and can move horizontally along the load-bearing box. There are two adjusting plates that can move relative to or away from each other in the moving box. A clamping plate that can slide up and down relative to the adjusting plate is provided on the adjusting plate. A telescopic plate is commonly connected between the two clamping plates. A plurality of first springs are provided on the lower surface of the fixed part of the telescopic plate, and the lower ends of the first springs are connected to the bottom of the moving box. Among them, two gravity plates are provided on the fixed part of the telescopic plate, and a plurality of meshing teeth are provided at intervals along the vertical direction on the gravity plates;

[0007] A driving component, which includes two cylindrical cams with bidirectional screws that are rotatably connected to the moving box. There are two sliding blocks on the cylindrical cams, and the sliding blocks on the two cylindrical cams are arranged in one-to-one correspondence. A supporting plate is commonly connected between the corresponding two sliding blocks. The two supporting plates are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the two adjusting plates. The supporting plate is slidably connected to the adjusting plate to adjust the distance between the supporting plate and the adjusting plate. A first gear is provided in the middle of the cylindrical cam. The two first gears are respectively meshed with the meshing teeth on the two gravity plates to drive the first gear to rotate by moving the telescopic plate downward. The rotation of the first gear drives the sliding block to move horizontally along the cylindrical cam.

[0008] Preferably, a plurality of rotatable threaded rods are provided on the adjusting plate, a plurality of threaded holes are provided on the supporting plate at intervals and the threaded holes are matched with the threaded rods, a plurality of through holes are provided on the side wall of the moving box at intervals, the diameter of the through holes is larger than that of the threaded rods, and the plurality of threaded rods sequentially pass through the plurality of threaded holes and the plurality of through holes one by one to adjust the distance between the supporting plate and the adjusting plate by rotating the threaded rods.

[0009] Preferably, a driving rod is provided at the end of the threaded rod, and the vertical cross-section of the driving rod is triangular;

[0010] A driving cylinder adapted to the driving rod is sleeved on the driving rod, the driving cylinder is rotatably connected to the side wall of the moving box, a second gear is provided on the circumferential direction of the driving cylinder, and the plurality of second gears are connected by a chain;

[0011] Two driving wheels are provided on the side wall of the moving box, and the two driving wheels are respectively connected to the two chains to drive the plurality of second gears to rotate through the chains.

[0012] Preferably, a clamping groove is formed by recessing the side wall of the clamping plate, the openings of the clamping grooves on the two clamping plates are arranged oppositely, a plurality of second springs are provided at the bottom of the clamping groove, the ends of the plurality of second springs are commonly connected to a clamping block, the clamping block is slidably connected to the clamping groove, the surface of the clamping block outside the clamping groove is parallel to the clamping plate, the surface inside the clamping groove is an inclined surface, and the distance between the inclined surface of the clamping block and the bottom of the clamping groove decreases sequentially from top to bottom. Among them, a driving block that can slide up and down is provided in the clamping groove, a push-pull rod is provided on the driving block, the push-pull rod is vertically arranged and the upper end of the push-pull rod slides through the top end of the clamping plate. When loading goods, the push-pull rod is moved downward, the push-pull rod drives the driving block to move to the lower end of the clamping groove, so that the driving block abuts against the clamping block. When unloading goods, the push-pull rod is moved upward until the clamping block can move towards the bottom of the clamping groove.

[0013] Preferably, the push-pull rod is rotatably connected to the driving block, and the horizontal cross-section of the push-pull rod is triangular;

[0014] A rotatable support block is provided at the top end of the clamping groove, a through hole with a triangular horizontal cross-section is provided through the support block and the through hole is adapted to the push-pull rod, and the push-pull rod passes through the through hole and extends out of the clamping plate;

[0015] Among them, the support block is strip-shaped, and both ends of the support block are arc-shaped. When loading goods, rotate the push rod until the arc side of the support block abuts against the clamping block. When unloading goods, rotate the push rod until the support block separates from the clamping block.

[0016] Preferably, a plurality of support rods are provided at intervals at the bottom end of the adjusting plate. A first slider is provided at the bottom end of the support rod. A plurality of first sliding rails are provided at the bottom of the moving box. The plurality of first sliding rails are slidably connected to the plurality of first sliders one by one to enable the two adjusting plates to move relative to each other or away from each other.

[0017] Preferably, two sliding rods are provided at the top end of the adjusting plate. Two sliding holes are correspondingly provided on the clamping plate. The two sliding rods are slidably connected to the two sliding holes one by one to enable the clamping plate to move up and down relative to the adjusting plate.

[0018] Preferably, a second sliding rail is vertically provided in the sliding hole. A second slider is provided on the second sliding rail. The second slider is connected to the sliding rod.

[0019] Preferably, a plurality of fixed cylinders are provided at the bottom of the moving box. A plurality of first springs are correspondingly provided in the plurality of fixed cylinders. A fixed rod is provided at the end of the first spring. The fixed rod is slidably connected to the fixed cylinder, and the top end of the fixed rod is connected to the fixed part of the telescopic plate.

[0020] Preferably, a plurality of positioning cylinders are provided at the bottom of the clamping groove. A plurality of second springs are correspondingly provided in the plurality of positioning cylinders. A positioning rod is provided at the end of the second spring. The positioning rod is slidably connected to the positioning cylinder, and the end of the positioning rod is connected to the clamping block.

[0021] The present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0022] First, the present invention realizes clamping of goods under the action of the gravity of the goods by setting an adjusting plate, a support plate, a telescopic plate, and a driving component, improving the stability of loading and unloading; through the up and down sliding of the load-bearing box and the horizontal movement of the moving box, the railway freight loading and unloading device of the present invention can flexibly adapt to the working requirements of different heights and positions, greatly broadening the application range; the meshing design of the cylindrical cam and the gravity plate realizes the function of automatically adjusting the distance between the adjusting plates, can quickly adapt to goods of different sizes, and at the same time ensures the stability and safety during the clamping process, reducing the risk of goods damage caused by improper operation.

[0023] Second, the present invention is provided with a clamping block, a push-pull rod, and a driving block. On the one hand, by moving the driving block downward until it abuts against the clamping block, this setting realizes the fixation of the clamping block. On the other hand, when unloading, by pulling the push-pull rod upward, the driving block is driven to move upward. At this time, under the action of the second spring, the clamping block moves towards the bottom of the clamping groove, separating the goods from the clamping block. This setting facilitates unloading the goods from the moving box and the operation is relatively simple.

[0024] Third, the present invention is provided with a rotatable threaded rod and a threaded hole, which can not only realize adjusting the distance between the support plate and the adjusting plate by rotating the threaded rod, but also realize the relative movement of the two adjusting plates under the action of the sliding block to fix the goods; the present invention is provided with a push-pull rod and a support block with a triangular cross-section. On the one hand, by rotating the support block to abut against the clamping block, the upper part of the clamping block is fixed, avoiding the inclination of the clamping block and improving the stability of clamping the goods. On the other hand, by rotating the support block to separate from the clamping block, the clamping block is driven to move towards the bottom of the clamping groove under the action of the second spring, facilitating unloading.

[0025] Other advantages, objectives, and features of the present invention will be partially reflected by the following description and partially understood by those skilled in the art through the research and practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the railway freight unloading device according to one of the technical solutions of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 It is a top view of the railway freight unloading device according to one of the technical solutions of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the support block according to one of the technical solutions of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the fixed cylinder according to one of the technical solutions of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0030] The following further describes the present invention in detail with reference to the drawings, so that those skilled in the art can implement it according to the description in the specification.

[0031] As Figures 1-4 shown, the present invention provides a railway freight unloading device, including:

[0032] A movable base 1 (the moving method adopts the existing design), on which there is a bracket 2, and a load-bearing box 4 that can slide up and down relative to it is provided on the bracket 2 to meet the operation requirements of different heights;

[0033] A moving box 5 is arranged inside the load-bearing box 4 and can move horizontally along the load-bearing box 4. Two adjusting plates 11 that can move relatively or away from each other are arranged inside the moving box 5 (that is, the distance between the two adjusting plates 11 can be adjusted, and the moving direction of the adjusting plate 11 is perpendicular to the moving direction of the moving box). A clamping plate 7 that can slide up and down relative to it is arranged on the adjusting plate 11. A telescopic plate 6 is commonly connected between the two clamping plates 7. A plurality of first springs 28 are arranged on the lower surface of the fixed part of the telescopic plate 6, and the lower ends of the first springs 28 are connected to the bottom of the moving box 5. Among them, two gravity plates 19 are arranged on the fixed part of the telescopic plate 6, and a plurality of meshing teeth 20 are arranged at vertical intervals on the gravity plates 19;

[0034] A driving assembly, which includes two barrel-shaped cams 10 with a two-way spiral that are rotatably connected to the moving box 5 (the barrel-shaped cams are horizontally arranged). Two sliding blocks 12 are arranged on the barrel-shaped cams 10. The sliding blocks 12 on the two barrel-shaped cams 10 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence, and a support plate 8 is commonly connected between the corresponding two sliding blocks 12. The two support plates 8 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the two adjusting plates 11. The support plate 8 (the support plate 8 is horizontally arranged) is slidably connected to the adjusting plate 11 (the adjusting plate 11 is vertically arranged) to adjust the distance between the support plate 8 and the adjusting plate 11. A first gear 9 is arranged in the middle of the barrel-shaped cam 10. The two first gears 9 are respectively meshed with the meshing teeth 20 on the two gravity plates 19 to drive the first gear 9 to rotate through the downward movement of the telescopic plate 6, and the rotation of the first gear 9 drives the sliding block 12 to move horizontally along the barrel-shaped cam 10.

[0035] In this technical solution, two third slide rails are provided on the bracket 2, third sliders are provided on the third slide rails, and the two third sliders are jointly connected to a connecting plate 3. The connecting plate 3 is connected to the load-bearing box 4. The vertical cross-section of the load-bearing box 4 is U-shaped to facilitate the loading and unloading of goods. A first telescopic motor is provided on the bracket 2, and the first telescopic motor is connected to the connecting plate 3 to drive the connecting plate 3 to move up and down. Two chutes are provided at the bottom of the load-bearing box 4, and two rows of moving wheels 27 are provided at the bottom of the moving box 5. The two rows of moving wheels 27 can correspondingly move in the two chutes. Two second telescopic motors are provided on the bracket 2, and the ends of the output shafts of the two second telescopic motors are both connected to the moving box 5 to drive the moving box 5 to move. The shape of the moving box 5 is the same as that of the load-bearing box 4, and the size of the moving box 5 is smaller than that of the load-bearing box 4 so that the moving box 5 can enter the load-bearing box 4. The adjusting plate 11 is vertically arranged and is parallel to the side wall of the moving box 5. The telescopic plate 6 includes a fixed part and a telescopic part slidably arranged in the fixed part. The telescopic plate 6 expands and contracts in the horizontal direction, the first spring 28 expands and contracts in the vertical direction, and the gravity plate 19 is vertically arranged. The cylindrical cam 10 is a horizontally arranged cylinder 102. The two ends of the cylinder 102 can be rotatably connected to the moving box 5 through bearings. A spiral groove curve 101 is provided on the cylinder 102 to drive the sliding block 12 to move, and the groove curves 101 on both sides of the first gear 9 rotate in opposite directions to enable the two sliding blocks 12 to move relatively or away from each other. The support plate 8 is horizontally arranged. When the telescopic plate 6 compresses the first spring 28 due to the load dropping, the gravity plate 19 drops accordingly, driving the first gear 9 to rotate, and then driving the sliding block 12 to horizontally move along the surface of the cylindrical cam 10, realizing the function of automatically adjusting the distance between the adjusting plates 11. A connecting block 31 is connected to the sliding block 12, and the connecting block 31 is connected to the support plate 8.

[0036] During the use process, when loading goods, first adjust the height of the load-bearing box 4 on the bracket 2 according to the operation requirements so that the bottom of the chute on the load-bearing box 4 is flush with the operation table surface (to facilitate the sliding of the moving box 5), and then move the moving box 5 to the operation point. First, adjust the distance between the two adjusting plates 11 based on the size of the goods so that the distance between the two clamping plates 7 is slightly larger than the size of the goods to facilitate loading the goods into the moving box 5. Place the goods in the moving box 5. As the goods act under gravity, the telescopic plate 6 compresses the first spring 28, and the gravity plate 19 drops accordingly. The meshing teeth 20 on it mesh with the first gear 9 on the cylindrical cam 10. The cylindrical cam 10 rotates due to the rotation of the first gear 9, driving the two sliding blocks 12 to move relatively in the horizontal direction, and then clamping the goods with the two clamping plates 7. Move the moving box 5 into the load-bearing box 4 and transfer it to the position where unloading is required. When unloading, move the goods upward until the goods are separated from the telescopic plate 6. The first spring 28 drives the telescopic plate 6 to move upward, the gravity plate 19 moves upward and drives the first gear 9 to rotate in the reverse direction, and the two sliding blocks 12 move away from each other.

[0037] With this technical solution, the present invention realizes clamping of goods under the action of the gravity of the goods by setting the adjusting plate 11, the supporting plate 8, the telescopic plate 6, and the driving assembly, improving the stability of unloading; through the up-and-down sliding of the load-bearing box 4 and the horizontal movement of the moving box 5, the railway freight unloading device of the present invention can flexibly adapt to the working requirements of different heights and positions, greatly expanding the application range; the cylindrical cam 10 is meshed with the gravity plate 19 to realize the function of automatically adjusting the distance between the adjusting plates 11, which can quickly adapt to clamping goods of different sizes, while ensuring the stability and safety during the clamping process, reducing the risk of damage to goods caused by improper operation.

[0038] In another technical solution, a plurality of rotatable threaded rods 13 are provided on the adjusting plate 11 (a plurality of annular fourth slide rails are correspondingly provided on the adjusting plate 11, a pair of fourth sliders are provided on the fourth slide rails, and multiple pairs of fourth sliders are correspondingly connected to a plurality of support rods one by one), the threaded rods 13 are horizontally arranged, a plurality of threaded holes (the threaded holes are horizontally arranged) are spaced on the supporting plate 8 and the threaded holes are matched with the threaded rods 13, a plurality of through holes are spaced on the side wall of the moving box 5, and the diameter of the through holes is slightly larger than the diameter of the threaded rods 13 (so that the threaded rods 13 can move along the through holes), and a plurality of threaded rods 13 pass through a plurality of threaded holes and a plurality of through holes one by one in sequence to adjust the distance between the supporting plate 8 and the adjusting plate 11 by rotating the threaded rods 13. One threaded rod 13 passes through one threaded hole and one through hole. The operator first estimates the distance between the two adjusting plates 11 according to the size of the goods to be unloaded and adjusts it by rotating the threaded rod 13. With this technical solution, the present invention not only realizes adjusting the distance between the supporting plate 8 and the adjusting plate 11 by rotating the threaded rod 13 by setting the rotatable threaded rod 13 and the threaded holes, but also realizes the relative movement of the two adjusting plates 11 under the action of the sliding block 12 to fix the goods.

[0039] In another technical solution, a driving rod 21 is provided at the end of the threaded rod 13, and the vertical cross-section of the driving rod 21 is triangular;

[0040] A driving cylinder 22 adapted to it is sleeved on the driving rod 21, and the driving cylinder 22 is rotatably connected to the side wall of the moving box 5 (a circular fifth slide rail is provided on the circumference of the moving box 5 at the through opening, a fifth slider is provided on the fifth slide rail, and the fifth slider is connected to the driving cylinder 22), and a second gear 23 is provided on the circumference of the driving cylinder 22, and a plurality of second gears 23 are connected by a chain;

[0041] Two driving wheels (the driving wheels are gears) are provided on the side wall of the moving box 5, and the two driving wheels are respectively connected to two chains, so as to drive a plurality of second gears 23 to rotate through the chains. With this technical solution, the present invention realizes driving the driving rod 21 to rotate and then driving the threaded rod 13 to rotate by providing the driving rod 21 with a triangular cross-section, the driving cylinder 22 and the second gear 23 adapted to the driving rod 21, and moreover, the threaded rod 13 can also move horizontally.

[0042] In another technical solution, a clamping groove 14 is recessed on the side wall of the clamping plate 7, the openings of the clamping grooves 14 on the two clamping plates 7 are arranged opposite to each other, and a plurality of second springs (the second springs expand and contract in the horizontal direction) are provided at the bottom of the clamping groove 14 (the position corresponding to the opening is the bottom of the groove), the ends of the plurality of second springs are commonly connected to a clamping block 17, and the clamping block 17 is slidably connected to the clamping groove 14 (eighth slide rails are provided at the top and bottom ends of the clamping groove 14, eighth sliders are provided on the eighth slide rails, and the eighth sliders are connected to the clamping block 17), the surface of the clamping block 17 located outside the clamping groove 14 is parallel to the clamping plate 7, and the surface located inside the clamping groove 14 is an inclined surface (the inclined surface includes a vertical part at the lower part and an inclined part integrally formed with the vertical part, and the height of the vertical part is slightly greater than the height of the driving block 16 to improve the stability of the driving block 16), and the distance between the inclined surface (the inclined part) of the clamping block 17 and the bottom of the clamping groove 14 decreases successively from top to bottom. Among them, a driving block 16 that can slide up and down is provided in the clamping groove 14, a push-pull rod 15 is provided on the driving block 16, the push-pull rod 15 is vertically arranged and the upper end of the push-pull rod 15 slidably passes through the top end of the clamping plate 7. When loading goods, the push-pull rod 15 is moved downward, and the push-pull rod 15 drives the driving block 16 to move to the lower end (vertical part) of the clamping groove 14, so that the driving block 16 abuts against (contacts) the clamping block 17 (at this time, the distance between the two clamping blocks 17 is slightly larger than the size of the goods). When unloading goods, the push-pull rod 15 is moved upward to the position where the clamping block 17 can move towards the bottom of the clamping groove 14. With this technical solution, the present invention realizes the fixation of the clamping block 17 by moving the driving block 16 downward until the driving block 16 abuts against the clamping block 17 by providing the clamping block 17, the push-pull rod 15 and the driving block 16. On the other hand, when unloading goods, by pulling the push-pull rod 15 upward, the driving block 16 is driven to move upward. At this time, under the action of the second spring, the clamping block 17 moves towards the bottom of the clamping groove 14, separating the goods from the clamping block 17. This setting facilitates unloading the goods from the moving box 5 and the operation is relatively simple.

[0043] In another technical solution, the push rod 15 is rotatably connected to the driving block 16 (one specific implementation of the rotatable connection is that the driving block 16 is provided with an annular seventh slide rail, and a pair of seventh sliders are arranged on the seventh slide rail, and the seventh sliders are connected to the push rod 15), and the horizontal cross-section of the push rod 15 is triangular;

[0044] At the top of the clamping groove 14 (the top is located above), a rotatable support block 18 is provided. A through hole 24 with a triangular horizontal cross-section is provided through the support block 18, and the through hole 24 is adapted to the push rod 15. The push rod 15 passes through the through hole 24 and extends out of the clamping plate 7 to drive the support block 18 to rotate by rotating the push rod 15. The second spring, the push rod 15, the support block 18, and the driving block 16 do not interfere with each other in space;

[0045] Among them, the support block 18 is strip-shaped, and both ends of the support block 18 are arc-shaped. When loading goods, rotate the push rod 15 until the arc edge of the support block 18 abuts against the clamping block 17 (when in use, the push rod 15 can be first pushed to move the driving block 16 to the lowest position, and then the support block 18 is rotated until the support block 18 abuts against the clamping block 17). When unloading goods, rotate the push rod 15 until the support block 18 is separated from the clamping block 17 (when in use, it can be first rotated until the support block 18 is separated from the clamping block 17, and then the driving block 16 is moved upward). With this technical solution, the present invention, by providing a push rod 15 and a support block 18 with a triangular cross-section, on the one hand, realizes the fixation of the upper part of the clamping block 17 by rotating the support block 18 to abut against the clamping block 17, avoids the inclination of the clamping block 17, and improves the stability of clamping the goods. On the other hand, by rotating the support block 18 until it is separated from the clamping block 17, it realizes that under the action of the second spring, the clamping block 17 is driven to move towards the bottom of the clamping groove 14, facilitating unloading.

[0046] In another technical solution, a plurality of support rods are provided at intervals at the bottom end of the adjusting plate 11. The bottom ends of the support rods are provided with first sliders. A plurality of first slide rails are provided at the bottom of the moving box 5. The plurality of first slide rails are slidably connected to the plurality of first sliders one by one to realize that the two adjusting plates 11 can move relative to each other or away from each other. With this technical solution, the two adjusting plates 11 can move relative to each other or away from each other.

[0047] In another technical solution, two slide rods are provided at the top end of the adjusting plate 11. Two slide holes are correspondingly provided on the clamping plate 7. The two slide rods are slidably connected to the two slide holes one by one to realize that the clamping plate 7 can move up and down relative to the adjusting plate 11. With this technical solution, the clamping plate 7 can move up and down relative to the adjusting plate 11.

[0048] In another technical solution, a second slide rail is vertically arranged in the sliding hole, a second slider is arranged on the second slide rail, and the second slider is connected to the slide rod. By adopting this technical solution, the sliding connection between the slide rod and the sliding hole is realized.

[0049] In another technical solution, a plurality of fixed cylinders 25 (the fixed cylinders 25 are vertically arranged) are arranged at the bottom of the moving box 5, a plurality of first springs 28 are respectively arranged in the plurality of fixed cylinders 25, a fixed rod 26 is arranged at the end of the first spring 28, the fixed rod 26 is slidably connected to the fixed cylinder 25, and the top end of the fixed rod 26 is connected to the fixed part of the telescopic plate 6. By adopting this technical solution, the protection of the first spring 28 is realized and it is more beneficial to the up and down movement of the telescopic plate 6.

[0050] In another technical solution, a plurality of positioning cylinders (the positioning cylinders are horizontally arranged) are arranged at the bottom of the clamping groove 14, a plurality of second springs are respectively arranged in the plurality of positioning cylinders, a positioning rod is arranged at the end of the second spring, the positioning rod is slidably connected to the positioning cylinder, and the end of the positioning rod is connected to the clamping block. By adopting this technical solution, the protection of the second spring is realized.

[0051] The number of devices and the processing scale described here are used to simplify the description of the present invention. The application, modification and variation of the railway freight unloading device of the present invention will be obvious to those skilled in the art.

[0052] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed as above, it is not limited to the applications listed in the specification and embodiments. It can be fully applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. For those familiar with the field, additional modifications can be easily realized. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and the equivalent scope, the present invention is not limited to the specific details and the illustrated examples here.

Claims

1. Railway freight loading and unloading device, characterized in that: include: A movable base, on which a bracket is provided, and the bracket is provided with a load-bearing box that can slide up and down relative to the bracket; A moving box, which is arranged in the load-bearing box and can move horizontally along the load-bearing box, wherein two adjusting plates that can move relative to or away from each other are arranged in the moving box, wherein the adjusting plates are provided with clamping plates that can slide up and down relative to the adjusting plates, wherein a telescopic plate is commonly connected between the two clamping plates, wherein a plurality of first springs are arranged on the lower surface of the fixed portion of the telescopic plate, wherein the lower end of the first spring is connected to the bottom of the moving box, wherein two gravity plates are arranged on the fixed portion of the telescopic plate, wherein a plurality of meshing teeth are arranged vertically at intervals on the upper edge of the gravity plates; A driving assembly, comprising two bidirectional spiral cylindrical cams rotatably connected to the moving box, two sliding blocks being arranged on the cylindrical cam, the sliding blocks on the two cylindrical cams being arranged one-to-one, and a supporting plate being commonly connected between the two corresponding sliding blocks, the two supporting plates being arranged one-to-one with the two adjusting plates, the supporting plates being slidably connected with the adjusting plates to adjust the distance between the supporting plates and the adjusting plates, a first gear being arranged in the middle of the cylindrical cam, the two first gears being respectively meshed with meshing teeth on the two gravity plates to drive the first gear to rotate by moving the telescopic plate downward, and the rotation of the first gear drives the sliding block to move horizontally along the cylindrical cam; The adjusting plate is provided with a plurality of rotatable threaded rods, the supporting plate is provided with a plurality of threaded holes at intervals and the threaded holes match the threaded rods, the side wall of the moving box is provided with a plurality of through holes at intervals, the diameter of the through holes is larger than the diameter of the threaded rods, and the plurality of threaded rods pass through the plurality of threaded holes and the plurality of through holes in sequence in a one-to-one correspondence so as to adjust the distance between the supporting plate and the adjusting plate by rotating the threaded rods; The side walls of the clamping plate are recessed to form a clamping groove, the notches of the clamping grooves on the two clamping plates are arranged opposite to each other, a plurality of second springs are arranged at the bottom of the clamping groove, and the ends of the plurality of second springs are commonly connected to a clamping block, the clamping block is slidably connected to the clamping groove, the surface of the clamping block located outside the clamping groove is parallel to the clamping plate, the surface located in the clamping groove is an inclined surface, and the distance between the inclined surface of the clamping block and the bottom of the clamping groove decreases from top to bottom, wherein a driving block that can slide up and down is provided in the clamping groove, a push-pull rod is provided on the driving block, the push-pull rod is vertically arranged and the upper end of the push-pull rod slides through the top end of the clamping plate, when loading is required, the push-pull rod is moved downward, and the push-pull rod drives the driving block to move to the lower end of the clamping groove so that the driving block abuts against the clamping block, and when unloading is required, the push-pull rod is moved upward until the clamping block can move toward the bottom of the clamping groove; The push-pull rod is rotatably connected to the driving block, and the horizontal cross-section of the push-pull rod is a triangle; A rotatable support block is provided at the top of the clamping groove, a through hole with a triangular horizontal cross section is provided through the support block and the through hole is adapted to the push-pull rod, and the push-pull rod passes through the through hole and extends out of the clamping plate; Wherein, the support block is in the shape of an elongated strip, and both ends of the support block are arc-shaped. When loading is required, the push-pull rod is rotated until the arc-shaped edge of the support block abuts against the clamping block. When unloading is required, the push-pull rod is rotated until the support block is separated from the clamping block.

2. The railway freight loading and unloading device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A driving rod is provided at the end of the threaded rod, and the vertical cross section of the driving rod is a triangle; The driving rod is sleeved with a driving cylinder matched with it, the driving cylinder is rotatably connected to the side wall of the moving box, the driving cylinder is circumferentially provided with a second gear, and a plurality of second gears are connected by a chain; Two driving wheels are arranged on the side wall of the moving box, and the two driving wheels are connected to the two chains in a one-to-one correspondence, so as to drive the plurality of second gears to rotate through the chains.

3. The railway freight loading and unloading device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A plurality of support rods are arranged at intervals at the bottom end of the adjustment plate, a first slider is arranged at the bottom end of the support rod, a plurality of first slide rails are arranged at the bottom of the movable box, and the plurality of first slide rails are slidably connected with the plurality of first sliders in a one-to-one correspondence so that the two adjustment plates can move relative to or away from each other.

4. The railway freight loading and unloading device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The top of the adjusting plate is provided with two sliding rods, and the clamping plate is correspondingly provided with two sliding holes. The two sliding rods are slidably connected with the two sliding holes in a one-to-one correspondence to realize that the clamping plate can move up and down relative to the adjusting plate.

5. The railway freight loading and unloading device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A second slide rail is vertically arranged in the slide hole, a second slide block is arranged on the second slide rail, and the second slide block is connected to the slide rod.

6. The railway freight loading and unloading device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A plurality of fixed cylinders are provided at the bottom of the moving box, a plurality of first springs are arranged in the plurality of fixed cylinders in a one-to-one correspondence, a fixed rod is provided at the end of the first spring, the fixed rod is slidably connected to the fixed cylinder, and the top end of the fixed rod is connected to the fixed part of the telescopic plate.

7. The railway freight loading and unloading device according to claim 6, characterized in that: A plurality of positioning cylinders are provided at the bottom of the clamping groove, a plurality of second springs are arranged in the plurality of positioning cylinders in a one-to-one correspondence, a positioning rod is provided at the end of the second spring, the positioning rod is slidably connected to the positioning cylinder, and the end of the positioning rod is connected to the clamping block.

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