A fixed-bed antimony and arsenic wastewater treatment system

Abstract

This application relates to the field of antimony and arsenic wastewater treatment technology, specifically disclosing a fixed-bed antimony and arsenic wastewater treatment system. The fixed-bed antimony and arsenic wastewater treatment system includes a primary equalization tank, a fixed bed, a secondary equalization tank, and a filtration tank connected in sequence. The fixed bed includes a first outer shell, and multiple material cylinders, a flow-generating cylinder, and a flow promoter installed within the first outer shell. The material cylinders are filled with adsorbent material. Fine screens are installed at the upper and lower openings of the material cylinders. The flow-generating cylinders are also open at the upper and lower ends. The flow promoter is installed within the flow-generating cylinder. Each material cylinder fits seamlessly with the others and surrounds the flow-generating cylinder, and the combination of multiple material cylinders and flow-generating cylinders fits seamlessly with the inner peripheral wall of the first outer shell. Wastewater flows through the material cylinders to the bottom of the first outer shell, and then the flow promoter pumps the wastewater from the bottom to the top of the multiple material cylinders for re-adsorption. After repeating this process multiple times, the antimony and arsenic in the wastewater are fully adsorbed, and the concentration of residual antimony and arsenic in the wastewater can be reduced to below the discharge standards.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of antimony and arsenic wastewater treatment technology, specifically to a fixed-bed antimony and arsenic wastewater treatment system. Background Technology

[0002] With the acceleration of industrialization, heavy metal pollution has become increasingly serious, especially the presence of antimony and arsenic, two toxic elements that have become major hidden dangers to environmental pollution. Currently, the heavy metal removal technologies widely used in the wastewater treatment industry mainly include chemical precipitation, adsorption, ion exchange, and membrane separation technologies. While these methods have alleviated environmental pressure and improved water resource reuse rates to some extent, they still face many challenges in practical operation.

[0003] Chemical precipitation removes antimony and arsenic from water by adding chemical agents to form insoluble compounds; adsorption removes them by relying on the interaction between the active sites on the surface of specific adsorption materials and heavy metal ions; ion exchange removes target pollutants by using resins or other media with ion exchange function; and membrane separation technology retains harmful substances by selectively using the permeability of semi-permeable membranes.

[0004] Conventional adsorption methods only pass wastewater through the adsorption material once, resulting in a low adsorption rate. They require connection to other equipment using different methods to remove antimony and arsenic from the wastewater. Therefore, typical antimony and arsenic wastewater treatment systems involve multi-stage reaction tanks, which makes the treatment system bulky, requires a large area, and has high construction costs. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Given that conventional adsorption methods only pass wastewater through the adsorption material once, resulting in low adsorption rates, and require connection to other equipment to remove antimony and arsenic from the wastewater, conventional antimony and arsenic wastewater treatment systems involve multi-stage reaction tanks and multi-stage reactions. This leads to problems such as large system size, large footprint, and high construction costs. This application proposes an antimony and arsenic wastewater treatment system that reduces the number of reaction tanks through internal circulation within the reaction tanks, and adopts the following technical solution.

[0006] A fixed-bed antimony and arsenic wastewater treatment system includes a primary equalization tank, a fixed bed, a secondary equalization tank, and a filtration tank connected in sequence.

[0007] The fixed bed includes a first outer shell and a plurality of material cylinders, a flow-generating cylinder, and a flow promoter installed within the first outer shell. The material cylinders are filled with adsorbent material. Fine mesh screens, with pore sizes smaller than the particle size of the adsorbent material, are installed at the upper and lower openings of the material cylinders. The flow-generating cylinders also have upper and lower openings. The flow promoter is installed within the flow-generating cylinder and configured to push fluid upwards out of the upper opening of the flow-generating cylinder.

[0008] On the side, each of the material cylinders fits seamlessly to each other and seamlessly surrounds the pusher cylinder, and the combination of the multiple material cylinders and the pusher cylinder fits seamlessly to the inner peripheral wall of the first housing, so that the combination of all the inner cavities of the material cylinders becomes the only flow channel for the fixed bed to flow from the top to the bottom of the multiple material cylinders.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, after the pH of the wastewater is adjusted in the primary equalization tank, the wastewater is injected into the fixed bed. The adsorbent material is fixed in the material cylinder, and the wastewater flows through the material cylinder to the bottom of the first outer shell. Then, the flow pump draws the wastewater from the bottom to the top of multiple material cylinders for re-adsorption. After repeating this process multiple times, the antimony and arsenic in the wastewater are fully adsorbed, and the concentration of antimony and arsenic remaining in the wastewater can be reduced to below the discharge standard. This solution reduces the concentration of antimony and arsenic in wastewater through circulation within a single reaction tank, achieving a high adsorption rate. It eliminates the need for multi-stage reaction tanks, reducing the volume of the treatment system and lowering construction costs.

[0010] A preferred embodiment of the fixed-bed antimony and arsenic wastewater treatment system is that the first outer shell has a square section. The plurality of material cylinders and the pusher cylinder are all installed within the square section. Each material cylinder and pusher cylinder is a square tube with openings at both the top and bottom. Laterally, the plurality of material cylinders and pusher cylinders fit seamlessly together, forming a square-shaped assembly. The outer four walls of the assembly and the inner four walls of the square section fit seamlessly together.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, the square segments of the outer shell, the material cylinder, and the propulsion cylinder are all square, which can be easily and seamlessly fitted together, making design and manufacturing convenient and cost-effective.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the fixed-bed antimony and arsenic wastewater treatment system, the primary equalization tank is connected to the fixed bed via a first overflow pipe. The upper end of the pusher cylinder is higher than the connection port between the first overflow pipe and the fixed bed, but lower than the upper edge of the first outer shell. The lower end of the pusher cylinder is lower than the lower ends of all the feed cylinders.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the wastewater flowing from the primary equalization tank to the fixed bed will not flow directly into the pusher cylinder, but will flow into the material cylinder for adsorption. The lower end of the pusher cylinder can draw in the wastewater that has been adsorbed by the material cylinder, and the wastewater sprayed from the upper end of the pusher cylinder also falls relatively evenly into the upper openings of multiple material cylinders, effectively repeating the adsorption of wastewater and effectively reducing the antimony and arsenic content in the wastewater.

[0014] A preferred embodiment of the fixed-bed antimony and arsenic wastewater treatment system is as follows: a first stirring paddle and a first baffle are installed inside the primary equalization tank. The two sides of the first baffle are seamlessly connected to the inner wall of the primary equalization tank. The lower end of the first baffle is located below the first stirring paddle, and the lower end of the first baffle is spaced above the bottom surface of the primary equalization tank. The primary equalization tank has a first overflow port, and a first overflow pipe is connected to the first overflow port. The first overflow port and the first stirring paddle are located on opposite sides of the first baffle; the first overflow port is higher than the first stirring paddle.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the wastewater may contain some solid impurities. After the first stirring paddle stirs the wastewater, the solid impurities are easily carried up and dispersed in the water. They are blocked by the first baffle. On the side of the first baffle facing the first overflow port, the solid impurities are carried up with less force and are easy to settle down. As a result, the wastewater overflowing into the fixed bed is clearer and less likely to cause blockage of the material cylinder.

[0016] A preferred embodiment of the fixed-bed antimony and arsenic wastewater treatment system is that the filtration tank includes a second outer shell, a support frame, a lifting frame, multi-layer filter plates, an upper telescopic device, and a lifting mechanism. The second outer shell is provided with a water inlet.

[0017] The stator of the upper telescopic device is fixed to the support frame. The telescopic shaft of the upper telescopic device is connected to the lifting frame. The multi-layer filter plate is installed in the lifting frame. The upper telescopic device can drive the lifting frame into the second housing, so that the combination of the lifting frame and the multi-layer filter plate fits against the inner peripheral wall of the second housing, and the multi-layer filter plate is located below the water inlet.

[0018] Each filter plate includes a frame and a filter screen. The filter screen is fixed within the frame. The upper surface of the frame has a T-shaped strip. The lower surface of the frame has a T-shaped groove. The T-shaped strip of each lower frame can be fitted into the T-shaped groove of the upper frame. The lifting frame has a side opening for the multi-layer filter plates to move in and out along the axial direction of the T-shaped strip.

[0019] The lifting mechanism is mounted on the lifting frame and is configured to lift or lower the multi-layer filter plate, causing the multi-layer filter plate to detach from or fall back onto the inner bottom surface of the lifting frame.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, after filtration for a certain period of time, a large amount of solid impurities accumulate on the upper filter plate. When it is necessary to replace the upper filter plate, the upper telescopic device lifts the multi-layer filter plate by raising the lifting frame, and removes the upper filter plate through the side opening of the lifting frame. Then, the lifting mechanism lifts the remaining multi-layer filter plates, and the new filter plate slides along the bottom T-shaped groove under the bottom filter plate to form a new multi-layer filter plate. The lifting mechanism lowers the multi-layer filter plates, and the upper telescopic device lowers the lifting frame, allowing filtration to start again. In this way, the top filter plate can be removed sequentially. Since the multi-layer filter plates transition from the dirtiest to the least dirty from top to bottom, this system and its filter plate replacement method are more reasonable, improving filtration efficiency and reducing costs.

[0021] A preferred embodiment of the fixed-bed antimony and arsenic wastewater treatment system is that the upper surface of the frame has two parallel T-shaped strips located on a pair of opposite sides of the frame. The lower surface of the frame has two T-shaped slots. The two T-shaped strips of each lower frame can be fitted into the two T-shaped slots of the upper frame.

[0022] The lifting mechanism includes a central telescopic unit and two sets of clamping assemblies. The stator of the central telescopic unit is fixed to the lifting frame. The telescopic shaft of the central telescopic unit is connected to the two sets of clamping assemblies, and each set of clamping assemblies is configured to clamp or release the T-shaped strip.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, when replacing the filter plate, both the removal of the upper filter plate and the insertion of the lower filter plate can be done by sliding. Furthermore, the T-shaped strip can be clamped by the clamping component and lifted to insert the new lower filter plate.

[0024] A preferred embodiment of the fixed-bed antimony and arsenic wastewater treatment system is that each clamping assembly includes a lower telescopic member, a fixing member, a left half clamp, a right half clamp, a middle member, a left spring, a right spring, a left rod, and a right rod.

[0025] A mounting member is fixed downwards to the telescopic shaft of the middle telescopic joint. The stator of each lower telescopic joint is fixed to the mounting member. The fixing member is fixed to the stator of the lower telescopic joint. The telescopic shaft of the lower telescopic joint is hinged to one end of the left rod and one end of the right rod via a first hinge joint. The left half-clamp is hinged to the right half-clamp via a second hinge joint. The other end of the left rod is hinged to the tail end of the left half-clamp via a third hinge joint. The other end of the right rod is hinged to the tail end of the right half-clamp via a fourth hinge joint.

[0026] The intermediate component is located between the first hinge joint and the second hinge joint. The fixing component is fixedly connected to the intermediate component.

[0027] One end of the left spring is connected to one side of the intermediate member. One end of the right spring is connected to the other side of the intermediate member. The other end of the left spring is connected to the area between the third hinge joint and the second hinge joint where the left half is sandwiched. The other end of the right spring is connected to the area between the fourth hinge joint and the second hinge joint where the right half is sandwiched.

[0028] Each set of left and right half-clamps faces downward toward a T-shaped strip on the uppermost filter plate. The clamping ends of the left and right half-clamps are driven to move closer together to clamp the T-shaped strip, or to move away from each other to release the T-shaped strip.

[0029] By adopting the above technical solution, when the telescopic shaft of the lower telescopic device moves, the left and right halves rotate relative to each other. This, combined with the up-and-down telescopic movement of the middle telescopic device, enables the clamping and releasing of the T-shaped strip. This allows for the lifting and lowering of the multi-layer filter plate, facilitating filter plate replacement. The hinged connection prevents the left and right halves from twisting.

[0030] In a preferred embodiment of the fixed-bed antimony and arsenic wastewater treatment system, the fixing element is a sleeve with slotted openings on both sides. The telescopic shaft of the lower telescopic device is disposed within the fixing element. The slotted openings are parallel to the telescopic shaft of the lower telescopic device. The left and right rods each extend through one of the slotted openings.

[0031] By adopting the above technical solution, the fastener can pass through the left and right rods and be fixed to the middle member without contact, and the rotation of the left and right rods in the vertical plane is not interfered with by the fastener.

[0032] In a preferred embodiment of the fixed-bed antimony and arsenic wastewater treatment system, each clamping assembly further includes a connecting rod. The second hinge joint includes a pivot. Both the left and right half-clamps are rotatably connected to the pivot. The two ends of the connecting rod are respectively connected to the intermediate component and the pivot.

[0033] By adopting the above technical solution, the connecting rod further prevents the left and right halves of the clamp from twisting.

[0034] In a preferred embodiment of the fixed bed antimony and arsenic wastewater treatment system, the clamping end of the left half clamp is L-shaped, the clamping end of the right half clamp is L-shaped, and the clamping ends of the left half clamp and the right half clamp are symmetrically arranged, so as to be adapted to support the two sides below the upper horizontal plate of the T-shaped strip.

[0035] By adopting the above technical solution, the left and right half-clamps firmly hold the T-shaped strip and are not easy to slip off.

[0036] In summary, the fixed-bed antimony and arsenic wastewater treatment system of this application has the following beneficial effects: the wastewater is repeatedly passed through the feed cylinder, and the antimony and arsenic in the wastewater are repeatedly adsorbed, which makes the adsorption rate of antimony and arsenic in the wastewater high. It does not require setting up multi-stage reaction tanks for multi-stage reactions, reducing the volume of the treatment system and lowering the construction cost.

[0037] This system uses an upper telescopic device to lift the multi-layer filter plates by lifting the lifting frame. The upper filter plate can be removed from the side opening of the lifting frame. Then, the lifting mechanism lifts the remaining multi-layer filter plates. The new filter plate is slid into the bottom T-slot and placed under the bottom filter plate to form a new multi-layer filter plate. This makes the system and the filter plate replacement method more reasonable, improves filtration efficiency and reduces costs. Attached Figure Description

[0038] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional diagram of a fixed-bed antimony and arsenic wastewater treatment system.

[0039] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of the internal structure.

[0040] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Another labeled diagram.

[0041] Figure 4 This is a top view of the fixed bed.

[0042] Figure 5 for Figure 1 Another perspective view.

[0043] Figure 6 This is a front view of the filter tank.

[0044] Figure 7 for Figure 6 Internal structure diagram with the second outer shell and the structure beneath it concealed.

[0045] Figure 8 for Figure 7 A three-dimensional image.

[0046] Figure 9 This is a structural diagram of the lifting frame.

[0047] Figure 10 for Figure 7 Enlarged view of region A.

[0048] Figure 11 This is a 3D view of the clamping component.

[0049] Figure 12 This is a structural diagram showing the clamping assembly with the fasteners and intermediate components hidden.

[0050] Reference numerals: 1. Primary equalization tank; 2. Fixed bed; 3. Secondary equalization tank; 4. Filter tank; 101. First acid tank; 102. First alkali tank; 103. Inlet pipe; 104. First overflow port; 105. First overflow pipe; 106. First agitator; 107. First baffle; 108. First pumping pipe; 109. First pumping pump; 201. First outer casing; 2011. Square section; 2012. Conical section; 202. Material cylinder; 203. Flow cylinder; 204. Flow generator; 205. Fine screen; 301. Second acid tank; 302. Second alkali tank; 303. Second agitator; 304. Second baffle; 305. Second overflow pipe; 306. Second pumping pipe; 307. Second pumping pump; 401. Second outer casing; 402. Support 403. Support frame; 404. Lifting frame; 405. Filter plate; 4011. Upper expansion joint; 4031. Water inlet; 4032. Base plate; 4033. Vertical plate; 4033. Connecting strip; 4034. Side opening; 4012. Square shell section; 4041. Square frame; 4042. Filter screen; 4043. T-shaped strip; 4044. T-shaped groove; 406. Middle expansion joint; 407. Mounting component; 408. Lower expansion joint; 409. Fixing component; 410. Left half clamp; 411. Right half clamp; 412. Intermediate component; 413. Left spring; 414. Right spring; 415. Left rod; 416. Right rod; 4091. Strip-shaped opening; 417. First hinge joint; 418. Second hinge joint; 419. Third hinge joint; 420. Fourth hinge joint; 421. Connecting rod. Detailed Implementation

[0051] The technical solutions in the embodiments will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the following embodiments, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0052] like Figure 1 A fixed-bed antimony and arsenic wastewater treatment system includes a primary equalization tank 1, a fixed bed 2, a secondary equalization tank 3, and a filter tank 4 connected in sequence, as well as other accessories.

[0053] The primary equalization tank 1 is connected to a first acid tank 101 and a first alkali tank 102, which respectively contain acid and alkali solutions. The acid solution can be dilute sulfuric acid, and the alkali solution can be lime milk or dilute sodium hydroxide. The first acid tank 101 is connected to the upper part of the primary equalization tank 1 via a pipe, and a valve is installed on the pipe. The first alkali tank 102 is connected to the upper part of the primary equalization tank 1 via a pipe, and a valve is installed on the pipe.

[0054] One side of the primary equalization tank 1 is connected to an inlet pipe 103, which introduces wastewater initially containing antimony and arsenic. A valve is installed on the inlet pipe 103.

[0055] like Figure 2 A first overflow port 104 is provided on the other side of the primary equalization tank 1, which is connected to the fixed bed 2 through a first overflow pipe 105. A first stirring paddle 106 and a first baffle 107 are installed in the primary equalization tank 1. The primary equalization tank 1 is a square box. The first baffle 107 is square, with its two sides attached to the two inner side walls of the primary equalization tank 1. The lower end of the first baffle 107 is located above the bottom of the primary equalization tank 1, and the upper end of the first baffle 107 is higher than the interface between the liquid inlet pipe 103 and the primary equalization tank 1. The first stirring paddle 106 and the first overflow port 104 are located on opposite sides of the first baffle 107. The side where the first stirring paddle 106 is located has a larger volume, and the first acid tank 101 and the first alkali tank 102 are connected to this side to facilitate stirring more water flow to fully mix the acid or alkali solution. The side where the first overflow port 104 is located has a smaller volume, which prevents excessive movement of particles and promotes the sedimentation of particles. The first overflow pipe 105 is suitable for continuous operation. After continuous operation stops, the remaining wastewater in the primary equalization tank 1 is generally discharged to the fixed bed 2. At this time, the liquid in the primary equalization tank 1 cannot be discharged to the fixed bed 2 by the first overflow pipe 105. Therefore, the system is also equipped with a first pumping pipe 108 and a first pumping pump 109. The first pumping pipe 108 connects the primary equalization tank 1 and the fixed bed 2. The first pumping pump 109 is installed on the first pumping pipe 108 and can pump the liquid in the primary equalization tank 1 to the fixed bed 2.

[0056] like Figure 3 The fixed bed 2 includes a first outer shell 201, which has a square segment 2011 and a conical segment 2012 connected from top to bottom. The conical segment 2012 is not a cone, but a four-sided pyramid formed by four inclined surfaces, with the smaller end facing down. The smaller end is connected to the upper end of the secondary regulating tank 3 through a lower pipe, and valves and pumps are installed on the lower pipe.

[0057] Combination Figure 4 The fixed bed 2 includes multiple feed cylinders 202, a flow-generating cylinder 203, and a flow generator 204 installed within a square section 2011. Each feed cylinder 202 is open at both the top and bottom, and contains adsorbent material. A fine mesh 205 is installed at both the top and bottom of each feed cylinder 202 to fix the adsorbent material. The mesh size of the fine mesh 205 is smaller than the size of the adsorbent material particles, making it difficult for the adsorbent material particles to pass through the fine mesh 205 and flow out of the feed cylinder 202. The adsorbent material can be activated alumina, molecular sieves, or activated carbon, etc. In this case, activated alumina is used. The pH of the wastewater in the primary equalization tank 1 is adjusted to 5.7-6.1. Wastewater in this state is then introduced into the fixed bed 2. Activated alumina has a high adsorption rate for antimony and arsenic in the wastewater.

[0058] Each material cylinder 202 is an identical hollow square column, and all material cylinders 202 are arranged vertically parallel to each other, with their top and bottom ends flush. All material cylinders 202 are seamlessly fitted together horizontally and vertically, forming a square-shaped assembly. A square cavity is left at the center of this assembly, and a square tubular pusher cylinder 203 is inserted into this cavity. The four walls of the pusher cylinder 203 are seamlessly fitted to the four material cylinders 202 on its periphery, and both the top and bottom ends of the pusher cylinder 203 are open. The upper end of the pusher cylinder 203 is higher than the upper ends of all material cylinders 202, and the lower end of the pusher cylinder 203 is lower than the lower ends of all material cylinders 202.

[0059] The assembly of all the cylinders 202 and the four inner walls of the square segment 2011 fit together seamlessly, making the combination of the inner cavities of all the cylinders 202 the only flow channel for the fixed bed 2 to flow from the top to the bottom of the multiple cylinders 202.

[0060] The flow booster 204 is installed inside the flow booster cylinder 203. It can draw liquid upward and spray it out from the upper opening of the flow booster cylinder 203. The sprayed liquid enters the upper opening of multiple material cylinders 202. During the downward permeation process, antimony, arsenic and other ions in the wastewater are absorbed by the adsorption material. Then, it flows out of the material cylinder 202 and enters the cone section 2012. Under the action of the flow booster 204, the wastewater in the cone section 2012 is continuously drawn out and sprayed out from the upper opening of the flow booster cylinder 203, so that it is adsorbed again by the adsorption material in the material cylinder 202. After multiple cycles, the antimony and arsenic in the wastewater can be reduced to the level that meets the discharge requirements.

[0061] The structure and connecting accessories of the secondary equalization tank 3 are the same as those of the primary equalization tank 1. It is connected to a second acid tank 301 and a second alkali tank 302, which respectively contain acid and alkali solutions. The acid solution can be dilute sulfuric acid, and the alkali solution can be lime milk or dilute sodium hydroxide. The second acid tank 301 is connected to the upper part of the secondary equalization tank 3 via a pipe, and a valve is installed on the pipe. The second alkali tank 302 is also connected to the upper part of the secondary equalization tank 3 via a pipe, and a valve is installed on the pipe.

[0062] A second stirring paddle 303 and a second baffle 304 are installed in the secondary equalization tank 3. The secondary equalization tank 3 is connected to the filter tank 4 through a second overflow pipe 305.

[0063] The "Emission Standard of Pollutants for Tin, Antimony and Mercury Industry" (GB3770-2014) stipulates that the pH of the discharged wastewater should be between 6 and 9. After being treated by the primary equalization tank 1 and the fixed bed 2, the wastewater still needs to be adjusted by the secondary equalization tank 3 to maintain the pH between 6 and 9 in order to meet the discharge requirements.

[0064] like Figure 3The system also includes a second water pumping pipe 306 and a second water pump 307. The second water pumping pipe 306 connects the secondary equalization tank 3 to the filter tank 4. The second water pump 307 is installed on the second water pumping pipe 306 and can pump the liquid in the secondary equalization tank 3 into the upper end of the filter tank 4.

[0065] like Figure 5 The filter tank 4 includes a second outer shell 401, a support frame 402, a lifting frame 403, a multi-layer filter plate 404, an upper telescopic device 405, and a lifting mechanism. The second outer shell 401 is provided with an inlet 4011, and the second overflow pipe 305 is connected to the inlet 4011.

[0066] like Figure 6 The support frame 402 is disposed on the periphery of the second housing 401. The upper telescopic device 405 may be a cylinder, the stator of which is fixed on the support frame 402, and its telescopic axis is connected downward to the lifting frame 403.

[0067] like Figure 7 The lifting frame 403 has a square-shaped base plate 4031, two vertical plates 4032, and several vertical and horizontal connecting strips 4033.

[0068] like Figure 8 Two vertical plates 4032 are fixed vertically to two opposite sides of the base plate 4031, and the two vertical plates 4032 are parallel to each other.

[0069] like Figure 9 Two side openings 4034 are formed between the two vertical plates 4032. The multi-layer filter plate 404 can be inserted into the lifting frame 403 through these side openings 4034 and sit on the square base plate 4031. The multi-layer filter plate 404 can also be removed from the lifting frame 403 through these side openings 4034. Two vertical connecting strips 4033 are connected to the two vertical plates 4032, and a horizontal connecting strip 4033 connects the two vertical connecting strips 4033. The telescopic shaft of the upper telescopic device 405 is connected to the horizontal connecting strip 4033, thereby driving the lifting frame 403 to move up or down as a whole. The lifting frame 403 can enter or exit the second housing 401. After the lifting frame 403 enters the housing, the upper edge of the vertical plate 4032 can be located below the water inlet 4011. The multi-layer filter plate 404 is located below the upper edge of the vertical plate 4032.

[0070] like Figure 6 The second outer shell 401 has a square shell section 4012, and two vertical plates 4032 are attached to the inner walls of the two sides of the square shell section 4012. The multi-layer filter plate 404 is square columnar, and the two end faces of the multi-layer filter plate 404 facing the two side openings 4034 of the lifting frame 403 are attached to the other two inner walls of the square shell section 4012, so that the water flow will converge on the filter plate 404 and seep into the lower part from the filter plate 404 to complete the filtration.

[0071] like Figure 8 Each filter plate 404 has the same structure, including a square frame 4041 and a filter screen 4042, with the filter screen 4042 fixed within the square frame 4041. The square base plate 4031 of the lifting frame 403 accommodates the filter screen 4042, allowing water flow through while also supporting the multiple filter plates 404.

[0072] The upper surface of the frame 4041 has two parallel T-shaped strips 4043 on a set of opposite sides. The lower surface of the frame 4041 has two T-shaped grooves 4044. The two T-shaped strips 4043 of each lower filter plate 404 can be adapted to slide into the two T-shaped grooves 4044 of the upper filter plate 404. The two ends of the T-shaped strips 4043 face the two side openings 4034 of the lifting frame 403, so that the filter plate 404 can be removed from or installed in the lifting frame 403 from the side openings 4034.

[0073] like Figure 6 The lifting mechanism includes a central telescopic member 406 and two sets of clamping assemblies. The central telescopic member 406 can be a cylinder, with its stator fixed to the lifting frame 403. A mounting member 407, which is a horizontal square bar, is fixed downwards along its telescopic axis. The two sets of clamping assemblies are installed at both ends of the square bar to balance the weight at both ends.

[0074] like Figure 10 Each clamping assembly includes a lower telescopic member 408, a fixing member 409, a left half clamp 410, a right half clamp 411, a middle member 412, a left spring 413, a right spring 414, a left rod 415, and a right rod 416.

[0075] The lower telescopic device 408 can be a cylinder, with its stator fixed to one end of the mounting part 407.

[0076] like Figure 11 The fastener 409 can be a tube sleeve with vertical slots 4091 on its left and right sides respectively.

[0077] like Figure 12 The telescopic shaft of the lower telescopic device 408 is located in the fixing member 409 without contact. The lower end of the telescopic shaft of the lower telescopic device 408 is simultaneously hinged to one end of the left rod 415 and one end of the right rod 416 through the first hinge joint 417.

[0078] The left half-clamp 410 and the right half-clamp 411 are hinged together by the second hinge joint 418. The left rod 415 extends out of the strip opening 4091 on the left side of the fixing member 409, and the other end of the left rod 415 is hinged to the tail end of the left half-clamp 410 by the third hinge joint 419. The right rod 416 extends out of the strip opening 4091 on the right side of the fixing member 409, and the other end of the right rod 416 is hinged to the tail end of the right half-clamp 411 by the fourth hinge joint 420.

[0079] The intermediate component 412 is located between the first hinge joint 417 and the second hinge joint 418. The intermediate component 412 is a single piece, which is fixed to the lower end of the fixing component 409. The fixing component 409 and the intermediate component 412 can be integrally formed.

[0080] In addition to the case of a sleeve as described above, in some other embodiments, the fastener 409 can also be two rod-shaped objects that pass around the telescopic shaft of the lower telescopic member 408, with their lower ends connected to the intermediate member 412.

[0081] The two ends of the intermediate member 412 are respectively connected to one end of the left spring 413 and one end of the right spring 414. The other end of the left spring 413 is connected to the area of ​​the left half clamp 410 between the third hinge joint 419 and the second hinge joint 418. The other end of the right spring 414 is connected to the area of ​​the right half clamp 411 between the fourth hinge joint 420 and the second hinge joint 418.

[0082] The left half-clamp 410 has an L-shaped clamping end, and the right half-clamp 411 has an L-shaped clamping end. The clamping ends of the left half-clamp 410 and the right half-clamp 411 are symmetrically arranged, and the left half-clamp 410 and the right half-clamp 411 face downwards directly towards the T-shaped strip 4043 of the uppermost filter plate 404. It should be noted that the clamping end and the tail end are located on both sides of the second hinge joint 418, and the clamping end is used to clamp the T-shaped strip 4043.

[0083] In an optional embodiment, the clamping assembly further includes a link 421. The second hinge joint 418 includes a pivot 422. Both the left half-clamp 410 and the right half-clamp 411 are rotatably connected to the pivot 422. The two ends of the link 421 are respectively connected to the intermediate member 412 and the pivot 422. The function of the link 421 is to enhance the stability of the relative hinged movement of the left half-clamp 410 and the right half-clamp 411.

[0084] The upper telescopic joint 405, the middle telescopic joint 406, and the two lower telescopic joints 408 all perform vertical telescopic movements.

[0085] After a period of use, the upper surface of the multi-layer filter plate 404 will accumulate a lot of solid impurities. The lower the layer, the fewer particulate impurities there will be. The solution of this application can replace the top filter plate 404 each time and install a new filter plate 404 at the bottom. In this way, the dirtiest filter plate 404 is removed each time, and the new filter plate 404 is located at the bottom, so that the multi-layer filter plate 404 is kept in the state from dirtiest to least dirty from top to bottom. This design saves costs and improves filtration efficiency.

[0086] The specific process of replacing the filter plate 404 in the filter tank 4 is as follows: The upper telescopic device 405 is activated, lifting the lifting frame 403 out of the second outer shell 401; the uppermost filter plate 404 is manually removed by sliding it horizontally out of the side opening 4034 of the lifting frame 403. After removal, the next uppermost filter plate 404 becomes the uppermost filter plate 404; confirm that both sets of left half clamps 410 and right half clamps 411 are in the open state. If not, first activate the lower telescopic device 408, whose telescopic shaft moves downward, causing the left rod 415 and right rod 416 to open to the left and right sides. Then the left half clamp 410 and right half clamp 411 are in the open state. After the clamping ends of clamp 11 also open, confirming that the opening distance of the clamping ends of the left half clamp 410 and the right half clamp 411 is greater than the width of the upper horizontal plate of the T-shaped strip 4043, activate the middle telescopic device 406 to move the two sets of clamping components down to above the two uppermost parallel T-shaped strips 4043, with the clamping ends of the left half clamp 410 and the right half clamp 411 located on the horizontal sides of the upper horizontal plate of the T-shaped strip 4043 respectively. Activate the lower telescopic device 408, whose telescopic axis moves upward, causing the left rod 415 and the right rod 416 to tighten towards each other. Then, the clamping ends of the left half clamp 410 and the right half clamp 411 also tighten and directly clamp to the lower side of the upper horizontal plate of the T-shaped strip 4043, keeping the left half clamp... With the left and right half-clamps 410 and 411 tightened, the telescopic mechanism 406 is activated, driving the two sets of clamping components to move upwards, causing the multi-layer filter plate 404 to move upwards and disengage from the square base plate 4031 of the lifting frame 403. A new filter plate 404 is slid into the side opening 4034 of the lifting frame 403. Specifically, the two T-shaped strips 4043 on the upper surface of the new filter plate 404 slide into the two T-shaped grooves 4044 of the bottommost filter plate 404, aligning the ends of the new and old plates. Maintaining the tightened state of the left and right half-clamps 410 and 411, the telescopic mechanism 406 is activated, driving the two sets of clamping components to move downwards, causing the multi-layer filter plate 404 to move downwards and reposition. The new frame 403 is positioned on the square base plate 4031 of the lifting frame 403. The lower telescopic device 408 is activated, its telescopic shaft moves downwards, causing the left rod 415 and right rod 416 to open to the left and right sides. This causes the clamping ends of the left half-clamp 410 and right half-clamp 411 to also open, thus releasing the multi-layer filter plate 404. The middle telescopic device 406 is activated, driving the two sets of clamping components to move upwards to a certain height. The upper telescopic device 405 is activated, inserting the lifting frame 403 along with the multi-layer filter plate 404 into the second outer casing 401. The multi-layer filter plate 404 is positioned below the water inlet 4011 along with the upper edge of the vertical plate 4032, completing one filter plate replacement.

[0087] This fixed-bed antimony and arsenic wastewater treatment system repeatedly passes the wastewater through the adsorption material in the same fixed bed 2. After multiple cycles, the wastewater can meet the discharge requirements of the "Emission Standard of Pollutants for Tin, Antimony and Mercury Industry" (GB3770-2014) with an antimony concentration of ≤0.3mg / L and an arsenic concentration of ≤0.1mg / L. It is suitable for the treatment of antimony and arsenic-containing wastewater generated by industrial activities such as mining and smelting. The treatment process is short and the cost is low.

[0088] The above are merely some embodiments of this application. The scope of protection of this application is not limited to the above embodiments. For those skilled in the art, any improvements and modifications made without departing from the inventive design of this application should also fall within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A fixed-bed antimony and arsenic wastewater treatment system, characterized in that, It includes a primary equalization tank (1), a fixed bed (2), a secondary equalization tank (3), and a filtration tank (4) connected in sequence. The fixed bed (2) includes a first outer shell (201), and a plurality of material cylinders (202), a flow-generating cylinder (203), and a flow generator (204) installed in the first outer shell (201); the material cylinders (202) are filled with adsorbent material; fine mesh (205) is installed at the upper and lower openings of the material cylinders (202), and the pore size of the fine mesh (205) is smaller than the particle size of the adsorbent material; the flow-generating cylinders (203) are open at the upper and lower ends; the flow generator (204) is installed in the flow-generating cylinders (203) and configured to push the fluid upward out of the upper opening of the flow-generating cylinders (203); On the side, each of the material cylinders (202) fits seamlessly with each other and seamlessly surrounds the pusher cylinder (203), and the combination of the multiple material cylinders (202) and the pusher cylinder (203) fits seamlessly with the inner peripheral wall of the first outer shell (201), so that the combination of the inner cavities of all the material cylinders (202) becomes the only flow channel for the fixed bed (2) from the top to the bottom of the multiple material cylinders (202); The filter tank (4) includes a second outer shell (401), a support frame (402), a lifting frame (403), a multi-layer filter plate (404), an upper telescopic device (405), and a lifting mechanism; the second outer shell (401) is provided with a water inlet (4011). The stator of the upper telescopic device (405) is fixed to the support frame (402); the telescopic shaft of the upper telescopic device (405) is connected to the lifting frame (403); the multi-layer filter plate (404) is installed in the lifting frame (403); the upper telescopic device (405) can drive the lifting frame (403) into the second housing (401), so that the combination of the lifting frame (403) and the multi-layer filter plate (404) fits against the inner peripheral wall of the second housing (401), and so that the multi-layer filter plate (404) is located below the water inlet (4011); Each filter plate (404) includes a frame (4041) and a filter screen (4042); the filter screen (4042) is fixed in the frame (4041); the upper surface of the frame (4041) has a T-shaped strip (4043); the lower surface of the frame (4041) has a T-shaped groove (4044); the T-shaped strip (4043) of each lower frame (4041) can be adapted to be inserted into the T-shaped groove (4044) of the upper frame (4041); the lifting frame (403) has a side opening (4034) for the multi-layer filter plate (404) to enter and exit along the axial direction of the T-shaped strip (4043). The lifting mechanism is mounted on the lifting frame (403) and is configured to lift or lower the multi-layer filter plate (404) so ​​that the multi-layer filter plate (404) detaches from or falls back to the inner bottom surface of the lifting frame (403).

2. The fixed-bed antimony and arsenic wastewater treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first outer shell (201) has a square section (2011); the plurality of material cylinders (202) and the pusher cylinder (203) are all installed in the square section (2011); each of the material cylinders (202) and the pusher cylinder (203) is a square tube with openings at both the top and bottom ends; in the lateral direction, the plurality of material cylinders (202) and the pusher cylinder (203) fit together seamlessly to form a square assembly, and the outer four walls of the assembly fit together seamlessly with the inner four walls of the square section (2011).

3. The fixed-bed antimony and arsenic wastewater treatment system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The primary regulating tank (1) is connected to the fixed bed (2) through a first overflow pipe (105); the upper end of the pusher cylinder (203) is higher than the connection port of the first overflow pipe (105) and the fixed bed (2) and lower than the upper edge of the first outer shell (201); the lower end of the pusher cylinder (203) is lower than the lower ends of all the material cylinders (202).

4. The fixed-bed antimony and arsenic wastewater treatment system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The primary regulating tank (1) is equipped with a first stirring paddle (106) and a first baffle (107); the two sides of the first baffle (107) are seamlessly connected to the side walls of the primary regulating tank (1); the lower end of the first baffle (107) is located below the first stirring paddle (106), and the lower end of the first baffle (107) is spaced above the bottom surface of the primary regulating tank (1); the primary regulating tank (1) has a first overflow port (104), and the first overflow pipe (105) is connected to the first overflow port (104); the first overflow port (104) and the first stirring paddle (106) are located on both sides of the first baffle (107); the first overflow port (104) is higher than the first stirring paddle (106).

5. The fixed-bed antimony and arsenic wastewater treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper surface of the frame (4041) has two parallel T-shaped strips (4043) located on a pair of opposite sides of the frame (4041); the lower surface of the frame (4041) has two T-shaped slots (4044); the two T-shaped strips (4043) of each lower frame (4041) can be adapted to be inserted into the two T-shaped slots (4044) of the upper frame (4041); The lifting mechanism includes a central telescopic member (406) and two sets of clamping assemblies; the stator of the central telescopic member (406) is fixed to the lifting frame (403); the telescopic shaft of the central telescopic member (406) is connected to the two sets of clamping assemblies, and each set of clamping assemblies is configured to clamp or release the T-shaped bar (4043).

6. The fixed-bed antimony and arsenic wastewater treatment system according to claim 5, characterized in that, Each clamping assembly includes a lower telescopic member (408), a fixing member (409), a left half clamp (410), a right half clamp (411), a middle member (412), a left spring (413), a right spring (414), a left rod (415), and a right rod (416). The telescopic shaft of the middle telescopic joint (406) is fixed downward by a mounting member (407); the stator of each lower telescopic joint (408) is fixed to the mounting member (407); the fixing member (409) is fixed to the stator of the lower telescopic joint (408); the telescopic shaft of the lower telescopic joint (408) is hinged to one end of the left rod (415) and one end of the right rod (416) through a first hinge joint (417); the left half-clamp (410) is hinged to the right half-clamp (411) through a second hinge joint (418); the other end of the left rod (415) is hinged to the tail end of the left half-clamp (410) through a third hinge joint (419); the other end of the right rod (416) is hinged to the tail end of the right half-clamp (411) through a fourth hinge joint (420). The intermediate component (412) is located between the first hinge joint (417) and the second hinge joint (418); the fixing component (409) is fixedly connected to the intermediate component (412). One end of the left spring (413) is connected to one side of the intermediate member (412); one end of the right spring (414) is connected to the other side of the intermediate member (412); the other end of the left spring (413) is connected to the left half-clamp (410) in the area between the third hinge joint (419) and the second hinge joint (418); the other end of the right spring (414) is connected to the right half-clamp (411) in the area between the fourth hinge joint (420) and the second hinge joint (418). Each set of left half-clamps (410) and right half-clamps (411) faces downward toward a T-shaped strip (4043) of the uppermost filter plate (404); the clamping ends of the left half-clamps (410) and the clamping ends of the right half-clamps (411) can be driven to move closer to each other to clamp the T-shaped strip (4043), or move away from each other to release the T-shaped strip (4043).

7. The fixed-bed antimony and arsenic wastewater treatment system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The fixing member (409) is a tube sleeve with slots (4091) on both sides; the telescopic shaft of the lower telescopic device (408) is located in the fixing member (409); the slots (4091) are parallel to the telescopic shaft of the lower telescopic device (408); the left rod (415) and the right rod (416) each pass through the slots (4091) on one side.

8. The fixed-bed antimony and arsenic wastewater treatment system according to claim 6, characterized in that, Each clamping assembly further includes a connecting rod (421); the second hinge joint (418) includes a pivot (422); the left half clamp (410) and the right half clamp (411) are both rotatably connected to the pivot (422); the two ends of the connecting rod (421) are respectively connected to the intermediate piece (412) and the pivot (422).

9. The fixed-bed antimony and arsenic wastewater treatment system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The clamping end of the left half clamp (410) is L-shaped, and the clamping end of the right half clamp (411) is L-shaped. The clamping ends of the left half clamp (410) and the right half clamp (411) are symmetrically arranged and can be adapted to support the two sides below the upper horizontal plate of the T-shaped strip (4043).

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