Ocimum gratissimum pretreatment method for reducing eugenol content in Ocimum gratissimum essential oil

Abstract

The invention discloses an ocimum gratissimum pretreatment method for reducing eugenol content in ocimum gratissimum essential oil, and further provides an extraction method of the ocimum gratissimum essential oil with low eugenol content. The ocimum gratissimum essential oil is extracted after the ocimum gratissimum plants are pretreated through cadmium treatment, the eugenol content in the obtained essential oil is remarkably reduced, and compared with a control group not subjected to cadmium treatment, the eugenol reducing efficiency can at least reach 99%. The method is simple, easy for industrial implementation and high in safety, does not introduce any chemical substance influencing the safety of the essential oil, and has very high application value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of plant essential oil synthesis regulation, and particularly relates to a basil pretreatment method for reducing the eugenol content in basil essential oil, and further provides a method for extracting basil essential oil with low eugenol content. Background Art

[0002] Basil essential oil has a wide range of applications in the field of food preservation due to its strong antioxidant activity and antibacterial ability. Eugenol is one of the main components of basil essential oil. However, according to the report of the World Health Organization's International Agency for Research on Cancer, eugenol is a potential carcinogen. Given the potential carcinogenicity of eugenol, a high content of eugenol will seriously affect the application value of basil essential oil and restrict its application in fields with high safety requirements such as food and medicine. Therefore, reducing the eugenol content can significantly improve the safety and application potential of basil essential oil.

[0003] Essential oils are oily mixtures that contain dozens or even hundreds of volatile compounds. The types and quantities of the compounds are very complex, and many of the compounds have very similar properties, making it difficult to remove a single component by physical or chemical methods. Currently, there is no research on reducing the eugenol content in basil essential oil. Summary of the invention

[0004] The invention aims to develop a method for reducing the eugenol content in basil essential oil.

[0005] The invention aims to provide a pretreatment method of basil, a raw material for extracting basil essential oil.

[0006] Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for reducing the eugenol content in basil essential oil, that is, a method for extracting basil essential oil with low eugenol content.

[0007] Another object of the present invention is to provide a basil essential oil with low eugenol content.

[0008] The above-mentioned purpose of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0009] The long-term experimental research of the present invention found that the methyl cinnamate content of basil plants can be increased by treating them with cadmium stress, and this result has been recorded in patent application 2024118822860.

[0010] Further research by the inventor team found that the eugenol content can be significantly reduced by using cadmium stress to treat basil plants and then extracting essential oils. The eugenol content of the obtained basil essential oil is reduced by at least 99%. The treatment method is simple, low-cost, and easy to industrialize; it is also highly safe. The method of the present invention does not require other special treatment methods, pre-treats the plant raw material, and does not add additional elements in the essential oil extraction process. Basil essential oil is mainly extracted by steam. Since Cd is not volatile, the essential oil extracted by steam does not contain metal elements such as Cd, which does not affect the safety of the essential oil at all.

[0011] Therefore, the present invention provides a pretreatment method of basil, a raw material for extracting basil essential oil, which is to perform cadmium treatment on basil plants.

[0012] The invention also provides a method for reducing the content of eugenol in basil essential oil, which comprises subjecting cadmium treatment to basil plants, which are raw materials for extracting basil essential oil.

[0013] The invention also provides a method for extracting basil essential oil with low eugenol content, which comprises subjecting basil plants used for extracting essential oil to cadmium treatment and then extracting the basil essential oil.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment, in the above method, the cadmium treatment is carried out by applying a cadmium solution to the basil plants.

[0015] As a preferred specific embodiment, the cadmium treatment is carried out by culturing the basil plants in a cadmium solution.

[0016] Specifically, the cadmium solution refers to a solution containing Cd 2+ of solution.

[0017] Preferably, the Cd-containing 2+ The solution is a CdCl2 solution with a concentration of 1.6 to 6.5 mg / L.

[0018] As a preferred specific implementation scheme, the cadmium treatment method is: culturing the basil plants in a hydroponic solution containing CdCl2, and the concentration of CdCl2 in the hydroponic solution is 1.6-6.5 mg / L.

[0019] Preferably, the culture time is 5 to 14 days.

[0020] As a specific optional implementation scheme, the hydroponic solution may be a standard Hoagland nutrient solution.

[0021] As a specific optional implementation scheme, the hydroponic solution containing 1.6 to 6.5 mg / L CdCl2 is prepared by the following method: CdCl2 reagent is dissolved in standard Hoagland nutrient solution to make the final concentration of CdCl2 reach 1.6 to 6.5 mg / L.

[0022] The clove basil essential oil with low eugenol content obtained according to the above method should also be within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0023] In the produced basil essential oil with low eugenol content, the eugenol content is as low as 0.02%.

[0024] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] (1) Good effect of reducing eugenol content: The present invention has developed a method for pretreating basil by cadmium treatment to reduce eugenol content. The basil pretreated by cadmium treatment is used to extract basil essential oil, and the eugenol content in the obtained essential oil is significantly reduced. Compared with the control group not treated with cadmium, the efficiency of reducing eugenol in the present invention can reach at least 99%.

[0026] (2) Easy to industrialize: The method of the present invention has the advantages of being simple, requiring low equipment, and being easy to implement. The present invention only requires adding a certain concentration of CdCl2 solution to the basil cultivation medium and pre-cultivating for a period of time in advance to achieve the purpose of significantly reducing eugenol, which is very convenient and easy to industrialize.

[0027] (3) High safety: The method of the present invention does not require any other special treatment methods. It pre-treats the plant raw materials and does not add any additional substances during the essential oil extraction process, and will not introduce any chemicals that affect the safety of the essential oils. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific examples, but the examples do not limit the present invention in any form. Unless otherwise specified, the reagents and materials used in the following examples are commercially available. Unless otherwise specified, the reagents, methods and equipment used in the present invention are conventional reagents, methods and equipment in the art.

[0029] The hydroponic solution used in the following experiments was standard Hoagland nutrient solution.

[0030] Preparation method of hydroponic solution containing CdCl2: dissolve CdCl2 reagent in standard Hoagland nutrient solution until CdCl2 reaches the target concentration.

[0031] The basil plants used in the following experiments were grown in peat soil until the seedlings grew to 10 to 15 cm.

[0032] Example 1 Pretreatment of Ocimum basilicum Plants

[0033] Before extracting the essential oil, the basil plants were cultured in a hydroponic solution containing 1.6 mg / L CdCl2 for 14 days.

[0034] The basil plants of the control group 1 were cultured in the hydroponic solution for 14 days.

[0035] Example 2 Pretreatment of Ocimum basilicum plants

[0036] Before extracting the essential oil, the basil plants were cultured in a hydroponic solution containing 3 mg / L CdCl2 for 7 days.

[0037] The basil plants of the control group 2 were cultured in the hydroponic solution for 7 days.

[0038] Example 3 Pretreatment of Ocimum basilicum plants

[0039] Before extracting the essential oil, the basil plants were cultured in a hydroponic solution containing 6.5 mg / L CdCl2 for 5 days.

[0040] The basil plants of the control group 3 were cultured in the hydroponic solution for 5 days.

[0041] Test Case

[0042] The basil plants obtained in Examples 1 to 3 and Control Groups 1 to 3 were used as raw materials, and the aboveground tissues (stems and leaves) of the basil were collected. The basil essential oil was extracted by steam distillation.

[0043] Then, the GS-MS method was used to detect the content of eugenol in each group of basil essential oil. The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0044] Table 1 Eugenol content in each group of basil essential oil

[0045] content(%) Control group 1 Example 1 Control group 2 Example 2 Control group 3 Example 3 Eugenol 27.28 0.02 25.52 0.03 24.36 0.02

[0046] The eugenol content in the extracted basil essential oil of each embodiment was significantly reduced compared with the control group. Compared with the control group, the eugenol content in the basil essential oil was reduced by 99.93% in embodiment 1, 99.88% in embodiment 2, and 99.92% in embodiment 3, and the effect was very significant.

[0047] The above embodiments are preferred implementation modes of the present invention, but the implementation modes of the present invention are not limited to the above embodiments. Any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications that do not deviate from the spirit and principles of the present invention should be equivalent replacement methods and are included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pretreatment method for extracting basil essential oil from raw material basil, characterized in that: Cadmium treatment was applied to basil plants.

2. A method for reducing the eugenol content in basil essential oil, characterized in that: The basil plants used as the raw materials for extracting basil essential oil were treated with cadmium.

3. A method for extracting basil essential oil with low eugenol content, characterized in that: The clove basil plants used for extracting essential oil were treated with cadmium before extracting clove basil essential oil.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The cadmium treatment method is: applying a cadmium solution to the basil plants.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The cadmium treatment method is: culturing the basil plants in a cadmium solution.

6. The method according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: The cadmium solution refers to a solution containing Cd 2+ of solution.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that The Cd-containing 2+ The solution is a CdCl2 solution with a concentration of 1.6 to 6.5 mg / L.

8. The method according to any one of claims 4 to 7, characterized in that: The cadmium treatment method is: culturing the basil plants in a hydroponic solution containing CdCl2, and the concentration of CdCl2 in the hydroponic solution is 1.6-6.5 mg / L.

9. The method according to claim 5 or 8, characterized in that: The culture time is 5 to 14 days.

10. The clove basil essential oil with low eugenol content obtained according to any one of claims 2 to 9.