Dam piping prevention method and system based on electroosmosis pulse

Abstract

The invention discloses a dam piping prevention method and system based on electroosmosis pulses. N electrodes are arranged in a dam in the width direction of the dam. N is an integer greater than or equal to 2; each electrode comprises a plurality of pairs of electrodes arranged along the length direction of the dam; the electrode is vertically inserted into the dam; wherein one electrode is arranged on the upstream face of the dam; a pulse generator is arranged on the dam; the pulse generator is connected with the electrode; in each electrode, the negative electrode is close to one side of the water body (upstream face), and the positive electrode is far away from one side of the water body (upstream face); the pulse generator emits electroosmosis pulses through the electrodes, so that N intangible anti-seepage walls are formed in the dam, and piping accidents are effectively prevented.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a method and system for preventing dam piping based on electroosmotic pulses. Background Art

[0002] Piping refers to the phenomenon that under the action of seepage, fine particles of soil form pores along the skeleton particles. The flow rate of water in the soil pores increases, causing the fine particles of soil to be washed away, forming a water flow channel.

[0003] Piping is a catastrophic threat to dams and dikes. When piping occurs, the water surface will bubble up. As the upstream water level rises and the duration increases, the danger worsens. A large amount of water surges and overturns the sand, causing damage to dams and sluice gates. foundation The soil skeleton is destroyed, the pores are enlarged, and the base soil is hollowed out, causing buildings to collapse and resulting in accidents such as dike breach, dam collapse, and gate failure.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to take effective measures to prevent the occurrence of piping, and it is necessary to design a new system and method for preventing dam piping. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method and system for preventing dam piping based on electroosmotic pulses, which can effectively prevent piping from occurring.

[0006] The technical solution of the invention is as follows:

[0007] A dam pipe surge prevention system based on electroosmotic pulse, wherein N electrodes are arranged in the dam along the width direction of the dam; N is an integer, N≥2; each electrode includes multiple pairs of electrodes arranged along the length direction of the dam; the electrodes are vertically inserted into the dam;

[0008] One of the electrodes is set on the water-facing side of the dam;

[0009] A pulse generator is provided on the dam; the pulse generator is connected to the electrode; in each heavy electrode, the negative electrode is on the side close to the water body (the water-facing side), and the positive electrode is on the side away from the water body (the water-facing side); the dam pipe burst prevention system also includes a data acquisition terminal (MCU data processing unit) for collecting current data flowing through each positive and negative electrode to feed back to the control center;

[0010] The pulse generator emits electroosmotic pulses through electrodes, thereby forming N invisible anti-seepage walls in the dam to prevent pipe burst accidents.

[0011] The electrodes are inserted into the base of the dam.

[0012] N is equal to 2 or 3.

[0013] There are N pulse generators, and each pulse generator is responsible for the pulse output of one electrode.

[0014] The system also includes a control center, which is connected to the N pulse generators via a CAN bus. The control center can be an industrial computer or a master control device based on DSP or PLC. It is also called a host.

[0015] The control center is connected to the cloud server in communication.

[0016] Each pulse generating unit is connected to multiple positive electrodes and multiple negative electrodes; in the pulse generating unit, the MCU serves as the main control unit, and the MCU controls the pulse generator to generate a pulse signal of a preset frequency, duty cycle and voltage value through a pulse driving circuit, and a first current sampling resistor is provided on the wire connecting the pulse generator to each positive electrode; a second current sampling resistor is provided on the wire connecting the pulse generator to each negative electrode; the voltage sampling signals generated on the first current sampling resistor and the second current sampling resistor enter the MCU after passing through their respective corresponding amplification circuits and A / D conversion circuits, thereby completing data collection;

[0017] A dam piping prevention method based on electroosmotic pulses adopts the aforementioned dam piping prevention system to form an invisible anti-seepage wall on the water-facing surface of the dam and the nearby dam bottom, preventing excessive water from infiltrating into the dam body and carrying away silt to form a water flow channel, thereby preventing piping from occurring.

[0018] When the pulse voltage is 36V or below, the distance between the positive and negative electrodes in each group of positive and negative electrodes is within 2 meters. When the voltage level is within 36V, the distance between the positive and negative electrodes is within 2 meters. As the voltage increases, the distance between the positive and negative electrodes may be larger.

[0019] The bottom ends of the positive and negative electrodes in each set of positive and negative electrodes are aligned.

[0020] Control the pulse output of each grid area in sequence; for example, only the first grid area outputs pulses during t1, only the second grid area outputs pulses during t2, and only the third grid area outputs pulses during t3. Control the water in the dam body to move in an orderly manner under the action of electroosmotic force. This ensures the stability of the water content of the dam body medium and the safety of the dam body. T1, t2, and t3 are values ​​between 1 and 100 seconds.

[0021] Each pulse generating unit is connected to multiple positive electrodes and multiple negative electrodes; in the pulse generating unit, the MCU serves as the main control unit, and the MCU controls the pulse generator to generate a pulse signal of a preset frequency, duty cycle and voltage value through a pulse driving circuit, and a first current sampling resistor is provided on the wire connecting the pulse generator to each positive electrode; a second current sampling resistor is provided on the wire connecting the pulse generator to each negative electrode; the voltage sampling signals generated on the first current sampling resistor and the second current sampling resistor enter the MCU after passing through their respective corresponding amplification circuits and A / D conversion circuits, thereby completing data collection;

[0022] The pulse frequency is generally 4Hz, frequency range: 2-10Hz.

[0023] The system is usually activated in advance before a flood comes, or regularly to monitor the safety of the dam.

[0024] The dam protection system also includes a bus, a plurality of pulse generating units are mounted on the bus, the pulse generating units include a pulse generator and electrodes for generating a pulse sequence, the electrodes include a positive electrode and a negative electrode; the electrodes are arranged on the dam slope;

[0025] The pulse sequence of each cycle consists of three parts: a positive pulse segment (positive voltage pulse), a negative pulse segment (negative voltage pulse) and a pause segment (zero voltage pulse); wherein: the positive pulse causes the cations and the water molecules bound to them to move from the anode side to the cathode side, which is opposite to the direction induced by the hydraulic gradient, preventing water from penetrating into the dam; the negative voltage pulse allows a certain amount of water to be controlled in the dam as an electroosmotic medium to avoid excessive drying of the dam body; the pause segment provides sufficient response time for the positive and negative pulses to enable the system to reach a new equilibrium state.

[0026] The pulse generating unit applies electroosmotic pulses to electrodes arranged in the dam slope, so that the water content in the dam slope is stabilized within a preset range, thereby achieving the stability of the dam slope.

[0027] It also includes an IoT platform and a monitoring center. The monitoring center is connected to the IoT platform and mounted on the bus. The monitoring center and the IoT platform communicate through the MQTT mechanism. MQTT (Message Queuing Telemetry Transport refers to message queue telemetry transmission.

[0028] The bus is a CAN bus.

[0029] Each pulse generating unit is connected to a plurality of positive electrodes and a plurality of negative electrodes.

[0030] In the pulse generating unit, the MCU serves as the main control unit. The MCU controls the pulse generator to generate a pulse signal with a preset frequency, duty cycle and voltage value through a pulse driving circuit. A first current sampling resistor is provided on the wire connected to each positive electrode of the pulse generator; a second current sampling resistor is provided on the wire connected to each negative electrode of the pulse generator;

[0031] The voltage sampling signals generated on the first current sampling resistor and the second current sampling resistor respectively pass through the corresponding amplification circuit and A / D conversion circuit and then enter the MCU to complete data collection.

[0032] MCU data conversion mainly converts analog signals into binary format, and then digitally filters, classifies, stores, and encodes them into CAN communication protocol format and sends them to the bus via the CAN controller.

[0033] An alarm is installed at the monitoring center or the pulse generating unit.

[0034] The negative electrode is a negative electrode rod, and the positive electrode adopts a zinc tube positive electrode; the negative electrode net or negative electrode rod is arranged along the slope surface where the dam contacts the water body; the zinc tube positive electrode is inserted into the structure of the dam (that is, the natural soil or concrete of the dam itself), and the pulse generator is arranged on the dam.

[0035] The current data collected by the pulse generating unit at the dam site is used to determine the water content of the dam slope, thus realizing the status monitoring of the dam slope.

[0036] When the current is higher than the preset value, the duty cycle of the electroosmotic pulse is increased to reduce the water content of the dam slope and achieve active stability of the dam slope. When the water content exceeds 20%, the positive pulse width increases by 5 milliseconds every 6 hours and the negative pulse decreases by 2 milliseconds until the water content drops by 20%. The positive pulse width decreases by 5 milliseconds every 6 hours and the negative pulse increases by 2 milliseconds to maintain the stability of the water content of the slope. The setting range of electroosmotic pulse parameters: positive pulse width 100-200ms, negative pulse width 5-150ms, frequency 3 to 5Hz.

[0037] If the current is higher than the preset alarm value, the monitoring center or pulse generating unit will start the alarm, such as sound and light alarm, telephone alarm, etc.

[0038] The principle of electroosmotic pulse to stabilize the dam:

[0039] The pulse sequence consists of three parts: a positive pulse segment (positive voltage pulse), a negative pulse segment (negative voltage pulse) and a pause segment (zero voltage pulse). The positive pulse causes the cations and their bound water molecules to move from the anode side to the cathode side, which is exactly opposite to the direction induced by the hydraulic gradient, preventing water from penetrating into the dam. As the hydrated cations form a double electric layer along the capillary wall, polarization leads to a reduction in flow; the negative voltage pulse allows a certain amount of water to be controlled in the concrete structure to avoid excessive drying of the dam body. Under the action of the electroosmotic pulse, a polarization effect is produced on the water molecules: hydrogen gathers into a polarized cathode, and hydroxyl groups gather into a polarized anode. The high-speed moving cations and anions floating in the capillary fluid between the double electric layers will reverse, and the anode will become the cathode and the cathode will become the anode.

[0040] The positive voltage pulse has the longest pulse time and the signal amplitude is usually between 12 V and 36 V DC. The use of a bipolar pulse waveform prevents the concrete from over-drying and losing its structural integrity.

[0041] One of the most critical aspects of this technology is the negative voltage pulse. This allows the moisture content inside the concrete to be controlled, thus preventing the electroosmotic medium (such as the concrete matrix) from drying out too much and subsequently degrading. The anode is inserted inside the structure, while the cathode is placed directly outside the structure in the soil. The positive and negative pulses lead to the occurrence of some chemical reactions in the electrolysis process. At the same time, the rest phase (no voltage applied) allows the system to reach equilibrium.

[0042] The concept of the present invention: the water-facing surface and the nearby reservoir bottom (river bottom) form an invisible anti-seepage wall. Prevent excessive water from penetrating into the dam body to carry away silt and form a water flow channel (the dam body must maintain a certain humidity). Electroosmotic pulse technology: In the pores of the double-layer porous medium, the water in the pores will move along the direction of the electric field.

[0043] The technology uses the electroosmotic force field formed by electroosmotic pulses to counteract the potential field of water flow to prevent pipe bursts.

[0044] Multiple positive and negative electrodes are strategically arranged longitudinally along the path where piping may occur, and then point-shaped, surface-shaped, and column-shaped positive and negative electrodes are arranged horizontally to form a unified positive and negative electric field to form multiple anti-seepage walls. At the same time, the positive and negative electric fields are carefully grouped and divided, and the electroosmotic pulse host is connected. Technical adjustments are made through changes in current data. Under the action of the system, the density and seepage rate of the porous medium on the assumed (possible) piping path will not change due to changes in water pressure in the dam, and the soil and fine sand particles will not be carried away by the water flow, so no piping channel will be formed, and the water content in the dam body medium is controlled to be maintained within a preset range, thereby preventing the occurrence of piping. The technology of the present invention not only ensures the normal seepage of the dam body and dam foundation, but also prevents the occurrence of piping.

[0045] Beneficial effects:

[0046] The electroosmotic pulse-based dam piping prevention method and system of the present invention, through the basic principle of electroosmotic pulse, can monitor the water content and its changing trend in the flood control dam in real time through electric current, and can not only implement early warning, but also, through the adjustment of pulse parameters, implement active prevention and control for the dam slope, which is beneficial to maintaining the overall stability of the dam body and effectively preventing the occurrence of piping. In addition, it is low in cost and easy to deploy, and has significant economic benefits (cost advantages) and social benefits.

[0047] In addition, on this basis, the use of multiple electrodes can form multiple continuous electric fields in the water-facing slope of the dam, thereby forming multiple continuous leakage blocking layers, effectively preventing serious leakage of water molecules into the dam body, thereby achieving the goal of stabilizing the dam body and preventing pipe bursts. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0048] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram (vertical cross-sectional view) of the layout of the dam piping prevention system based on electroosmotic pulse of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram (top view) of electrode arrangement in the dam piping prevention system based on electroosmotic pulse of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 3 It is the control circuit block diagram;

[0051] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the positive electrode rod (front cross-sectional view);

[0052] Figure 5 This is the overall block diagram of the electroosmotic pulse system;

[0053] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of data acquisition in the electroosmotic pulse system;

[0054] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of a pulse generating unit;

[0055] Figure 8 It is a pulse waveform diagram.

[0056] Explanation of numbers: 6-copper core wire, 7-conductive PE layer, 8-conductive mortar, 9-zinc pipe, 10-cone. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

[0058] Example 1: Figure 1-4 , a dam pipe surge prevention system based on electroosmotic pulse, with 2-3 heavy electrodes ( Figure 1 The middle is 2 layers, Figure 2and Figure 3 Each electrode layer includes multiple pairs of electrodes arranged along the length of the dam; the electrodes are vertically inserted into the dam;

[0059] One of the electrodes is set on the water-facing side of the dam; the others are set in the middle of the dam or on the back side.

[0060] A pulse generator is provided on the dam; the pulse generator is connected to the electrode; in each heavy electrode, the negative electrode is on the side close to the water body (the water-facing side), and the positive electrode is on the side away from the water body (the water-facing side); the dam pipe burst prevention system also includes a data acquisition terminal (MCU data processing unit) for collecting current data flowing through each positive and negative electrode to feed back to the control center;

[0061] The pulse generator emits electroosmotic pulses through electrodes, thereby forming N invisible anti-seepage walls in the dam to prevent pipe burst accidents.

[0062] The electrodes are inserted into the base of the dam.

[0063] There are 2-3 pulse generators, each of which is responsible for the pulse output of one electrode. Figure 3 , and can also be divided into multiple areas for distributed control.

[0064] The system also includes a control center, which is connected to the N pulse generators via a CAN bus. The control center can be an industrial computer or a master control device based on DSP or PLC. It is also called a host.

[0065] The control center is connected to the cloud server in communication.

[0066] Each pulse generating unit is connected to multiple positive electrodes and multiple negative electrodes; in the pulse generating unit, the MCU serves as the main control unit, and the MCU controls the pulse generator to generate a pulse signal of a preset frequency, duty cycle and voltage value through a pulse driving circuit, and a first current sampling resistor is provided on the wire connecting the pulse generator to each positive electrode; a second current sampling resistor is provided on the wire connecting the pulse generator to each negative electrode; the voltage sampling signals generated on the first current sampling resistor and the second current sampling resistor enter the MCU after passing through their respective corresponding amplification circuits and A / D conversion circuits, thereby completing data collection;

[0067] A dam piping prevention method based on electroosmotic pulses adopts the aforementioned dam piping prevention system to form an invisible anti-seepage wall on the water-facing surface of the dam and the nearby dam bottom, preventing excessive water from infiltrating into the dam body and carrying away silt to form a water flow channel, thereby preventing piping from occurring.

[0068] The pulse output of each grid area is controlled in sequence; for example, only the grid area in the first column outputs pulses during t1, only the grid area in the second column outputs pulses during t2, and only the grid area in the third column outputs pulses during t3. T1 (or t2, t3) can be a value between 1-100s; the time is cycled in sequence; the water in the dam body is controlled to move in an orderly manner under the action of electroosmotic force. This ensures the stability of the water content of the dam body medium and the safety of the dam body.

[0069] Each pulse generating unit is connected to multiple positive electrodes and multiple negative electrodes; in the pulse generating unit, the MCU serves as the main control unit, and the MCU controls the pulse generator to generate a pulse signal of a preset frequency, duty cycle and voltage value through a pulse driving circuit, and a first current sampling resistor is provided on the wire connecting the pulse generator to each positive electrode; a second current sampling resistor is provided on the wire connecting the pulse generator to each negative electrode; the voltage sampling signals generated on the first current sampling resistor and the second current sampling resistor enter the MCU after passing through their respective corresponding amplification circuits and A / D conversion circuits, thereby completing data collection;

[0070] A dam protection method based on electroosmotic pulse multiple electrode layout adopts the above-mentioned dam protection system to implement active protection of the dam.

[0071] In this system, the pulse frequency is 4Hz.

[0072] The system is usually activated in advance before a flood arrives.

[0073] Furthermore, Figure 5-6 , the monitoring center is communicatively connected with a plurality of pulse generating units;

[0074] Each pulse generating unit includes a pulse generator and a positive electrode and a negative electrode connected to the pulse generator, the positive electrode and the negative electrode are arranged on the flood control dam, and the pulse generating unit collects current data from the positive electrode and the negative electrode as a pulse generating unit; the pulse generator is used to generate an electroosmotic pulse;

[0075] The monitoring center is used to collect the current data sampled by each pulse generating unit and process the data, so as to realize the monitoring of the state of the dam slope and implement active stability control of the dam slope based on the electroosmotic pulse.

[0076] It also includes an Internet of Things platform, and the monitoring center is connected to the Internet of Things platform in communication. The monitoring center and the Internet of Things platform are connected in communication through the MQTT (Message Queuing Telemetry Transport) mechanism.

[0077] The monitoring center is connected with multiple pulse generating units via CAN bus communication.

[0078] In the pulse generating unit, the MCU serves as the main control unit. The MCU controls the pulse generator to generate a pulse signal with a preset frequency, duty cycle and voltage value through a pulse driving circuit. A first current sampling resistor is provided on the wire connected to the positive electrode of the pulse generator; a second current sampling resistor is provided on the wire connected to the negative electrode of the pulse generator;

[0079] The voltage sampling signals generated on the first current sampling resistor and the second current sampling resistor respectively pass through the corresponding amplification circuit and A / D conversion circuit and then enter the MCU to complete data collection.

[0080] MCU data conversion mainly converts analog signals into binary format, and then digitally filters, classifies, stores, and encodes them into CAN communication protocol format and sends them to the bus via the CAN controller.

[0081] An alarm is installed at the monitoring center or the pulse generating unit.

[0082] The negative electrode is a negative electrode rod, and the positive electrode is a zinc tube positive electrode.

[0083] Specifically, the monitoring center uses a system screen, which is a touch screen with an embedded operating system. It is used to view the data status of various sites and the safety indicators of the dam. If necessary, relevant parameters can be set.

[0084] When the system is working, the water content of the dam slope is determined by the current data collected by the pulse generating unit, so as to realize the status monitoring of the dam slope.

[0085] When the current is higher than the preset value, the duty cycle of the electroosmotic pulse is increased to reduce the water content of the dam slope and achieve active stabilization of the dam slope.

[0086] The specific control method is: when the moisture content exceeds 20%, the positive pulse width increases by 5 milliseconds every 6 hours, and the negative pulse decreases by 2 milliseconds, until the moisture content drops by 20%, the positive pulse width decreases by 5 milliseconds every 6 hours, and the negative pulse increases by 2 milliseconds to keep the moisture content of the slope stable.

[0087] The setting range of electroosmotic pulse parameters is as follows: positive pulse width 100-200ms, negative pulse width 5-150ms, and frequency 3 to 5Hz.

[0088] If the current is higher than the preset alarm value, the monitoring center or pulse generating unit will start the alarm, such as sound and light alarm, telephone alarm, etc.

[0089] The structure of the rod-shaped electrode as the positive electrode is as follows Figure 4As shown, the outer layer of the rod electrode adopts a zinc tube with a certain structural strength. The zinc tube is not only highly corrosion-resistant, but also has excellent conductivity. It can continuously provide cations under the action of electroosmosis to form hydrated cations. The front end of the rod electrode adopts a conical structure, which is convenient for easily passing through the soil and rock layer under the action of applied pressure, and is convenient for burying inside the dam. The current transmission adopts an inner core copper wire, and the outer conductive PE is used as the conduction of the positive current. The gap between the conductive PE and the zinc tube is filled with conductive mortar. This structure can effectively ensure the strength of the far-end electroosmotic field without attenuation. The conductive mortar is filled to ensure good contact between the conductive PE and the zinc tube. A heat shrink sleeve can also be set at the upper end of the rod electrode to prevent the overflow of the conductive mortar.

[0090] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dam pipe surge prevention system based on electroosmotic pulse, characterized in that: N electrodes are arranged in the dam along the width direction of the dam; N is an integer, N≥2; each electrode includes a plurality of pairs of electrodes arranged along the length direction of the dam; the electrodes are vertically inserted into the dam; One of the electrodes is set on the water-facing side of the dam; A pulse generator is provided on the dam; the pulse generator is connected to the electrode; in each heavy electrode, the negative electrode is on the side close to the water body (the water-facing side), and the positive electrode is on the side away from the water body (the water-facing side); the dam pipe burst prevention system also includes a data acquisition terminal (MCU data processing unit) for collecting current data flowing through each positive and negative electrode to feed back to the control center; The pulse generator emits electroosmotic pulses through electrodes, thereby forming N invisible anti-seepage walls in the dam to prevent pipe burst accidents.

2. The dam piping prevention system based on electroosmotic pulse according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The electrodes are inserted into the base of the dam.

3. The dam piping prevention system based on electroosmotic pulse according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that: N is equal to 2 or 3.

4. The dam piping prevention system based on electroosmotic pulse according to claim 3 is characterized in that: There are N pulse generators, and each pulse generator is responsible for the pulse output of one electrode.

5. The dam piping prevention system based on electroosmotic pulse according to claim 4 is characterized in that: It also includes a control center, which is connected with the N pulse generators via a CAN bus communication.

6. The dam piping prevention system based on electroosmotic pulse according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The control center is connected to the cloud server in communication.

7. The dam piping prevention system based on electroosmotic pulse according to claim 6 is characterized in that: Each pulse generating unit is connected to multiple positive poles and multiple negative poles; in the pulse generating unit, the MCU serves as the main control unit, and the MCU controls the pulse generator to generate a pulse signal of preset frequency, duty cycle and voltage value through a pulse driving circuit. A first current sampling resistor is provided on the wire connecting the pulse generator to each positive pole; a second current sampling resistor is provided on the wire connecting the pulse generator to each negative pole; the voltage sampling signals generated on the first current sampling resistor and the second current sampling resistor enter the MCU after passing through their respective corresponding amplification circuits and A / D conversion circuits to complete data collection.

8. A method for preventing dam piping based on electroosmotic pulse, characterized in that: The dam pipe burst prevention system according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is adopted to form an invisible anti-seepage wall on the water-facing surface of the dam and the nearby dam bottom, thereby preventing excessive water from penetrating into the dam body and carrying away silt to form a water flow channel, thereby preventing pipe bursts from occurring.

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