Concrete prefabricated energy storage cabin

Abstract

The invention provides a concrete prefabricated energy storage cabin which comprises a cabin body and a cabin door which are made of a concrete composite material, so that the energy storage cabin has high compressive strength and high fire resistance rating, and a plurality of energy storage cabins can also be transversely arranged without spacing or stacked in the height direction, so that the occupied area is effectively reduced; an energy storage box provided with a basin-shaped box body and a cover plate is arranged in the cabin body, the cover plate covers the basin-shaped box body to form a closed energy storage cavity for accommodating a battery module, and the basin-shaped box body and the cover plate are also made of a concrete composite material, so that high temperature generated by thermal runaway of a battery in a single energy storage box can be effectively limited in the energy storage box; as the oxygen content in the energy storage box is relatively low, the flame can be automatically extinguished after the battery with relatively light thermal runaway degree is on fire; and for a battery fire with a heavy thermal runaway degree, a long time can be provided for fire fighting and extinguishment, and flames can be extinguished in time in the energy storage box.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of energy storage equipment, and in particular to a prefabricated energy storage cabin made of a concrete composite material. Background Art

[0002] Under the background of my country's energy transformation and "dual carbon" strategy, the proportion of new energy power generation such as photovoltaics and wind power is increasing. However, the instability of clean energy has always been an important issue restricting its popularization and application. In order to overcome this problem, energy storage technology came into being to convert clean energy into electrical energy and store it in batteries, supercapacitors and other equipment, and release it when needed to supply the power grid. Energy storage power stations are mainly divided into three categories according to their size: small, medium and large: the energy storage capacity of small energy storage power stations is less than 10MWh, the energy storage capacity of medium-sized energy storage power stations is between 10MWh and 50MWh; the energy storage capacity of large energy storage power stations is between 50MWh and 500MWh.

[0003] At present, energy storage power stations mainly use energy storage containers for energy storage, which integrate battery packs, battery management systems (BMS), energy management systems (EMS), power storage converters (PCS), thermal management systems, fire protection systems and other control hardware into a standardized energy storage container. According to existing reports, energy storage containers are generally 20 feet (length about 5.9m, length about 2.4m, height about 2.4m, and covers an area of ​​about 33m 3 ) and 40 feet (length about 12m, length about 2.4m, height about 2.6m, covers an area of ​​about 76.5m 3 ) There are two specifications. At present, the energy storage capacity of a 20-foot energy storage container is about 5-6MWh. Large-capacity energy storage containers have extremely high requirements for fire resistance levels and fire safety.

[0004] A metal frame is set up in the energy storage container, and multiple battery modules are assembled to form a battery pack. The battery packs are arranged and assembled on the metal frame in the form of an array. The outer shell of the existing energy storage container is generally a metal shell with an insulating lining, and the shell of the battery pack is generally a metal aluminum plate structure. After a battery pack burns due to thermal runaway, the entire battery pack array in the container is susceptible to high temperature and fire. Therefore, the fire extinguishing system of the existing energy storage container mainly adopts a gas fire extinguishing system such as carbon dioxide, heptafluoropropane or aerosol, or a gas fire extinguishing system combined with a sprinkler system. After receiving the fire alarm signal, the fire extinguishing system is quickly started to release the fire extinguishing agent to fully submerge the interior of the container to cool down and extinguish the fire, that is, the entire energy storage container is used as the fire protection area.

[0005] The shape of the energy storage container is generally a rectangular structure extending horizontally. Due to reasons such as compressive strength, it cannot be stacked. In addition, the metal outer shell of the energy storage container is easily deformed, twisted, bent, etc. when exposed to high temperature, which may cause the energy storage container to burn through and collapse, and then cause the flame to spread out, which may easily cause the fire to spread and be difficult to control. Therefore, the fire protection level of the energy storage container is low, resulting in a certain distance of fire protection distance (generally not less than 3m) between adjacent energy storage containers during on-site layout. Combined with the above reasons, the entire energy storage power station occupies a large area.

[0006] It should be noted that the above introduction to the background technology is only for the convenience of providing a clear and complete description of the technical solutions of the present application and facilitating the understanding of those skilled in the art. It cannot be considered that the above technical solutions are well known to those skilled in the art simply because they are described in the background technology section of the present application. Summary of the invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a prefabricated concrete storage tank to solve the problems of poor compressive strength and fire resistance and low fire protection level of existing energy storage containers.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a prefabricated concrete energy storage cabin, comprising:

[0009] A cabin body, comprising a wall made of a concrete composite material and forming a receiving space with an opening, wherein the receiving space is configured to have a plurality of receiving cavities arranged along a height direction;

[0010] a hatch made of a concrete composite material and pivotally connected to a side edge of the opening;

[0011] The energy storage box is suitable for being inserted into the accommodating cavity. The energy storage box is configured with a basin-shaped box body and a cover plate. The cover plate is covered on the basin-shaped box body to construct a closed energy storage cavity. The basin-shaped box body and the cover plate are both made of concrete composite materials.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention, a fire extinguishing agent liquid supply branch pipe is arranged in the energy storage box, and the fire extinguishing agent liquid supply branch pipe is equipped with a fire extinguishing agent injection end exposed to the energy storage cavity. An overflow branch pipe cooperating with the fire extinguishing agent liquid supply branch pipe is also arranged in the energy storage box, and the overflow branch pipe is equipped with an overflow inlet exposed to the energy storage cavity, so as to perfuse liquid fire extinguishing agent into at least one of the energy storage cavities and maintain the liquid level at the overflow inlet.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present invention, a fire extinguishing agent supply branch pipe for conveying liquid fire extinguishing agent is provided in the energy storage box, and an overflow branch pipe cooperating with the fire extinguishing agent supply branch pipe is also provided in the energy storage box, and the overflow branch pipe passes through the basin-shaped box body and is provided with an overflow inlet exposed to the energy storage cavity.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present invention, a gas fire extinguishing assembly is also provided in the energy storage box, and the gas fire extinguishing assembly includes a sealed container filled with concentrated fire extinguishing gas or solid fire extinguishing gas, and the opening of the sealed container is sealed with a colloid. When the temperature in the energy storage cavity exceeds a preset temperature, the colloid on the sealed container melts to open the opening.

[0015] As a further improvement of the present invention, at least one partition plate is disposed inside the basin-shaped box, and the partition plate is configured to separate the energy storage cavity into at least two sub-energy storage cavities, and the partition plate has wiring areas connecting adjacent sub-energy storage cavities.

[0016] As a further improvement of the present invention, a fire extinguishing agent supply branch pipe and an overflow branch pipe are arranged in the energy storage box, the fire extinguishing agent supply branch pipe is provided with a fire extinguishing agent injection end in each of the sub-energy storage chambers, and the overflow branch pipe is provided with an overflow inlet in each of the sub-energy storage chambers.

[0017] As a further improvement of the present invention, a liquid cooling water inlet branch pipe and a liquid cooling water return branch pipe are also provided in the energy storage box, the liquid cooling water inlet branch pipe is configured with a liquid cooling output connection end exposed to each of the sub-energy storage cavities, and the liquid cooling water return branch pipe is configured with a liquid cooling water return connection end exposed to each of the sub-energy storage cavities.

[0018] As a further improvement of the present invention, a track beam is arranged in the cabin, and a plurality of the track beams are arranged in two opposite rows on opposite side walls inside the cabin along the height direction, and the accommodating space is divided into a plurality of the accommodating cavities by the track beams. Angle connecting plates are embedded in the corners of the support surfaces of the track beams, and the energy storage box is slidably connected to the angle connecting plates.

[0019] As a further improvement of the present invention, the energy storage box is also configured with a moving part connected to the basin-shaped box body, a supporting member is embedded in the interior of the basin-shaped box body, and the moving part includes a plurality of pulleys, a pulley shaft for supporting and transmitting the pulley, and a bearing sleeved on the pulley shaft, and the bearing is welded and fixed to the supporting member.

[0020] As a further improvement of the present invention, the cabin body is integrally cast, or the cabin body is formed by at least two cabin body units spliced ​​together in a horizontal and longitudinal direction, or the cabin body is formed by at least two cabin body units spliced ​​together in a height direction.

[0021] As a further improvement of the present invention, the hatch includes a top wall and side walls, and the hatch is arranged on one side of the horizontal longitudinal direction of the cabin body. The side walls on both sides of the horizontal transverse direction of the cabin body extend outward for a distance along the horizontal longitudinal direction from the position of the hatch to form a first fire partition area, and the second fire partition area is formed by the upward protrusion of the circumference of the top wall.

[0022] As a further improvement of the present invention, a partition wall protrudes upward from the middle of the top wall of the cabin body, and the partition wall is configured to separate the second fire partition area into at least two relatively independent functional areas, one of which is configured as a liquid storage tank.

[0023] As a further improvement of the present invention, a pressure relief valve is arranged on the energy storage box, a first explosion relief port is arranged on the cabin body, a second explosion relief port is arranged on the cabin door, and the first explosion relief port is connected to the second explosion relief port through the accommodating space.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] The prefabricated concrete energy storage cabin provided by the present invention has a cabin body and a cabin door both made of concrete composite materials, so that the energy storage cabin has high compressive strength and high fire resistance, thereby effectively limiting the high temperature generated by thermal runaway of the battery within the energy storage cabin, so that the flame will not escape from the energy storage cabin and cause the flame to spread; multiple prefabricated concrete energy storage cabins can also be arranged horizontally without spacing, or stacked in the height direction, so as to effectively reduce the energy storage footprint.

[0026] Energy storage boxes made of concrete composite materials are arranged in the cabin. The energy storage boxes are independent and closed to each other, so as to grid the fire protection zone of the entire cabin and reduce the smallest fire protection grid to one energy storage box or smaller. The oxygen content in the closed energy storage box is relatively low. For battery fires with a relatively mild degree of thermal runaway, the flames can be extinguished by themselves after the fire and combustion. In addition, since the energy storage box made of concrete composite materials has a high compressive strength and a long fire resistance time, the fire extinguishing agent liquid supply branch pipe can be flexibly arranged in the energy storage box. For battery fires with a relatively severe degree of thermal runaway, a relatively long time can be provided for the fire extinguishing agent liquid supply branch pipe arranged in the energy storage box to be filled with liquid fire extinguishing agent, so that the flames in the energy storage box can be promptly and effectively extinguished to prevent the flames from spreading and affecting other energy storage boxes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of energy storage cabins of some embodiments provided by the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 Based on Figure 1 An exploded schematic diagram of the energy storage compartment provided;

[0029] Figure 3 Based on Figure 1 A front view of an energy storage compartment of some embodiments is provided;

[0030] Figure 4 Based on Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the cabin of the energy storage cabin is provided;

[0031] Figure 5 for Figure 4 An enlarged schematic diagram of the middle track beam;

[0032] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of an embodiment of an energy storage box provided by the present invention;

[0033] Figure 7 For Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the battery module placed in the energy storage box provided;

[0034] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of another embodiment of the energy storage box provided by the present invention

[0035] Fig. 9 For Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the battery module placed in the energy storage box provided;

[0036] Fig.10 A schematic diagram of another embodiment of the energy storage cabin provided by the present invention;

[0037] Fig.11 Schematic diagrams of energy storage compartments of other embodiments provided by the present invention;

[0038] Fig.12 Based on Fig.11 An exploded schematic diagram of the energy storage compartment provided;

[0039] Fig.13 Based on Fig.11 A schematic diagram of the cabin of the energy storage cabin is provided;

[0040] Fig.14 Based on Fig.11 A schematic diagram of the combination of the energy storage cabins provided; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the various embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings, but it should be noted that these embodiments are not limitations of the present invention, and any equivalent transformations or substitutions in functions, methods, or structures made by ordinary technicians in the field based on these embodiments are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] It should be noted that, in the present invention, "horizontally" refers to Figures 1 to 14 In the direction along the X-axis shown in the figure, the horizontal longitudinal direction refers to the Figures 1 to 14The Y-axis direction is shown in the figure. The height direction is Figures 1 to 14 The direction along the Z axis is shown in FIG.

[0043] Example 1

[0044] Combination Figures 1 to 9 As shown, the present invention provides a prefabricated concrete energy storage cabin 10a (hereinafter referred to as the first energy storage cabin 10a), including a cabin body 11, a door 12 pivotally connected to the cabin body 11, and a plurality of energy storage boxes 13 inserted into the cabin body 11 layer by layer along the height direction.

[0045] Ginseng Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the cabin body 11 includes a wall made of concrete composite material, and forms an accommodation space 110 with an opening 1102. Specifically, in this embodiment, the cabin body 11 includes a left side wall 111 and a right side wall 112 arranged opposite to each other in the horizontal lateral direction, a top wall 113 and a bottom wall 114 arranged opposite to each other in the height direction, and a rear side wall 115 located at the rear side of the horizontal longitudinal direction. The accommodation space 110 is formed by the left side wall 111, the top wall 113, the right side wall 112, the bottom wall 114 and the rear side wall 115.

[0046] In some embodiments, the opening 1102 of the accommodating space 110 is disposed at the front side in the horizontal longitudinal direction, and the hatch 12 is pivotally connected to the side edge of the opening 1102, and the opening or closing state of the opening 1102 is controlled by opening and closing the hatch 12. In other alternative embodiments, the opening 1102 and the hatch 12 may also be disposed at the rear side of the accommodating space 110 in the horizontal longitudinal direction.

[0047] In application, for example, lithium batteries are used as energy storage carriers. Figure 7 As shown, a battery cluster 21 composed of a plurality of battery modules 211 is arranged in the energy storage box 13 , and the battery module 211 is formed by combining single lithium batteries in series and parallel. A battery management system is arranged to manage and control the battery cluster 21 in each energy storage box 13 .

[0048] Lithium batteries generate a lot of heat during the charging and discharging process. If the heat accumulates too much, it will cause the battery temperature to rise, affecting the battery performance and even causing thermal runaway. Since the energy storage box 13 is a concrete composite structure with high compressive strength and fire resistance, when high temperature is generated in the energy storage box 13 or the lithium battery catches fire, the high temperature and flame generated by the thermal runaway of the battery can be effectively confined to the energy storage box 13, and a long time can be provided for the fire extinguishing system to extinguish the fire, thereby avoiding the impact on the battery cluster 21 in other energy storage boxes 13 as much as possible. The cabin 11 and the hatch 12 are both concrete composite structures made of concrete composite materials. After a certain fire prevention design of the concrete composite structure, even if a fire occurs, the fire resistance of the concrete composite structure is due to the structural characteristics of the internal solidified material, and the melted concrete still has a strong pressure bearing capacity, so that the first energy storage cabin 10a provided in this embodiment is not easy to burn through and collapse, and a long time can be provided for the fire extinguishing system to extinguish the fire, avoiding the spread of the fire due to the flame spreading outward and being difficult to control.

[0049] In order to further improve the fireproof partition performance of the first energy storage compartment 10a, in this embodiment, Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the four walls of the cabin 11 (i.e., the left side wall 111, the right side wall 112, the top wall 113, and the bottom wall 114) extend outwards from the position of the hatch 12 along the horizontal longitudinal direction for a distance to form a front fireproof partition area 1103, and extend upwards from the surroundings of the top wall 113 for a distance to form a top fireproof partition area 1104. In other embodiments, further, the four walls of the cabin 11 (i.e., the left side wall 111, the right side wall 112, the top wall 113, and the bottom wall 114) can extend outwards from the position of the rear wall 115 along the horizontal longitudinal direction for a distance to form a rear fireproof partition area (not shown).

[0050] When lithium batteries spontaneously combust, they will explode in a short period of time if not properly controlled, directly affecting the safety of on-site workers and the normal operation of other equipment. In order to reduce the frequency of accidents, according to energy storage safety regulations, all energy storage equipment is required to install explosion-proof ventilation devices (for example, explosion-proof fans) to ensure that when the concentration of combustible gas exceeds the threshold, the ventilation system can be activated in time to discharge the combustible gas and prevent the occurrence of explosion accidents.

[0051] Ginseng Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, in this embodiment, a first explosion vent 1131 is provided on the top of the cabin 11 (for example, on the top wall 113), and a second explosion vent 1201 is provided on the hatch 12. Explosion vent valves (not shown) are provided on both the first explosion vent 1131 and the second explosion vent 1201, and an explosion vent fan (not shown) can be installed above the first explosion vent 1131. When the concentration of combustible gas in the cabin 11 is higher than a threshold value, the explosion vent valve and the explosion vent fan are automatically opened, and external air can enter from the second explosion vent 1201, and be discharged from the first explosion vent 1131 after passing through the accommodating space 110, so as to circulate and replace the air in the cabin 11.

[0052] The cabin 11 can be cast in one piece on site using a concrete composite material or prefabricated in a factory. For a prefabricated cabin with a relatively large weight, in order to meet the maximum weight limit specified by the total mass of a highway freight vehicle, the prefabricated cabin can be designed in advance as two or more cabin units, which are prefabricated in a factory and then seamlessly spliced ​​at the construction site. The cabin 11 can be formed by splicing prefabricated concrete cabin units in the horizontal and longitudinal directions, or by splicing prefabricated concrete cabin units in the height direction.

[0053] Combination Figures 2 to 6 As shown, for the installation and removal of the energy storage box 13 in the cabin 11, this embodiment provides a sliding connection method. Specifically, the inner wall surfaces of the left side wall 111 and the right side wall 112 of the cabin 11 are provided with track beams 116 extending in the horizontal longitudinal direction, and the track beams 116 are configured to divide the accommodating space 110 into a plurality of accommodating cavities 1101 in the height direction. The energy storage box 13 is adapted to the size of the accommodating cavity 1101, so that the energy storage box 13 can be inserted into the accommodating cavity 1101 layer by layer in the height direction. The plurality of track beams 116 are arranged in two opposite rows on the left side wall 111 and the right side wall 112 in the height direction, and the two corresponding track beams 116 in the two rows are in the same plane to support the energy storage box 13 thereon.

[0054] The energy storage box 13 is equipped with a basin-shaped box body 131 and a cover plate 132. The cover plate 132 is covered on the basin-shaped box body 131 to construct a closed energy storage chamber 130. The basin-shaped box body 131 and the cover plate 132 are both made of concrete composite materials. A support member (not shown, for example, a steel bar skeleton) is embedded in the concrete composite material of the basin-shaped box body 131. The energy storage box 13 is equipped with a plurality of moving parts 133 connected to the basin-shaped box body 131. The moving parts 133 include a pulley 1331, a pulley shaft 1332 for supporting and transmitting the pulley 1331, and a bearing (not shown) sleeved on the pulley shaft 1332. The bearing is welded and fixed to the support member in the concrete composite material of the basin-shaped box body 131. The pulley 1331 is preferably arranged at both sides of the basin-shaped box body 131 near the bottom surface.

[0055] The energy storage box 13 is supported on the upper surface of the track beam 116 through the pulley 1331. When a certain thrust or pull is applied to the energy storage box 13, the energy storage box 13 can slide along the track beam 116 to insert or remove the energy storage box 13 from the opening 1102. In order to increase the support strength of the track beam 116 for the energy storage box 13 when sliding and reduce the friction resistance when dragging, Figure 5 As shown, in this embodiment, an angle joint plate 1161 is embedded in the corner of the support surface of the track beam 116. The angle joint plate 1161 is a long steel strip configured into a vertical angle. The angle joint plate 1161 extends along the extension direction of the track beam 116, and the pulley 1331 of the energy storage box 13 is supported on the angle joint plate 1161 of the track beam 116.

[0056] The energy storage boxes 13 arranged in the cabin 11 are independent of each other, and the basin-shaped box 131 and the cover 132 are made of concrete composite materials to construct a closed energy storage cavity 130 for placing the battery cluster 21, so as to grid the fire protection zone of the entire cabin 11, and reduce the smallest fire protection grid to the size of the receiving cavity 130 corresponding to an energy storage box 13 or smaller. The concrete composite material has good thermal insulation properties, so that the high temperature generated by battery thermal runaway in a single energy storage box 13 can be effectively limited to the energy storage box 13 as much as possible, avoiding the high temperature from being transferred to adjacent energy storage boxes 13, and because the oxygen content in the energy storage box 13 is low and the sealing is good, for a battery fire with a relatively light degree of thermal runaway, the fire can be extinguished by itself after the fire; because the energy storage box made of the concrete composite material has a certain thickness, high compressive strength and long fire resistance time, a fire extinguishing agent liquid supply branch pipe can be flexibly arranged in the energy storage box, and for a battery fire with a relatively heavy degree of thermal runaway, a relatively long time can be provided for the fire extinguishing agent liquid supply branch pipe arranged in the energy storage box to be filled with liquid fire extinguishing agent, so that the flame in the energy storage box 13 can be promptly and effectively extinguished, preventing the fire from spreading to affect the battery clusters 21 in the remaining energy storage boxes 13 in the cabin 11, and other supporting components in the cabin 11.

[0057] Ginseng Figure 6 As shown, as an embodiment, the energy storage box 13 is a hexahedral sealed structure, wherein the basin-shaped box body 131 is a pentahedral structure integrally cast by concrete composite materials, and the cover plate 132 is a plate-shaped structure integrally cast by concrete composite materials and capable of covering the opening of the entire basin-shaped box body 131. The cover plate 132 is covered on the basin-shaped box body 131 to construct an independent and closed energy storage chamber 130.

[0058] The opening of the basin-shaped box 131 is preferably arranged upward, and the cover plate 132 is arranged above the basin-shaped box 131. In other alternative embodiments, the opening of the basin-shaped box 131 can also be arranged on the side, and the cover plate 132 is arranged on the side of the basin-shaped box 131.

[0059] A fire extinguishing agent supply branch pipe 135 for conveying liquid fire extinguishing agent is arranged in the energy storage box 13. The fire extinguishing agent supply branch pipe 135 penetrates the basin-shaped box body 131 and is provided with a fire extinguishing agent injection end 1352 exposed in the energy storage chamber 130, so as to convey the liquid fire extinguishing agent from the outside of the energy storage box 13 to the energy storage chamber 130. The fire extinguishing agent supply branch pipe 135 is provided with a liquid fire extinguishing agent injection end 1351, and the fire extinguishing agent injection end 1351 is preferably arranged on the front side wall 1311 of the basin-shaped box body 131 located on the horizontal longitudinal front side, or extends forward from the front side wall 1311 of the basin-shaped box body 131 for a distance to facilitate connection. The fire extinguishing agent liquid supply branch pipe 135 is connected to the fire extinguishing agent liquid supply main pipe (not shown) arranged in the first energy storage cabin 10a through the liquid fire extinguishing agent injection end 1351. For example, the fire extinguishing agent liquid supply main pipe (not shown) extends along the height direction and is respectively connected to the fire extinguishing agent liquid supply branch pipes 135 corresponding to each layer of the energy storage box 13.

[0060] The energy storage box 13 is used as an independent fire protection grid, and a fire sprinkler head (not shown) is arranged at the end of the fire extinguishing agent supply branch pipe 135. When the battery in the energy storage box 13 catches fire and reaches the triggering condition of the fire sprinkler head, the fire sprinkler head in the energy storage box 13 is automatically activated to put out the flame in the energy storage box 13 in time. At the same time, an overflow branch pipe 136 cooperating with the fire extinguishing agent supply branch pipe 135 is arranged in the energy storage box 13. The overflow branch pipe 136 passes through the basin-shaped box body 131 and is equipped with an overflow inlet 1361 exposed to the energy storage chamber 130, so that when the liquid fire extinguishing agent is injected into the energy storage chamber 130 through the fire extinguishing agent supply branch pipe 135, the liquid fire extinguishing agent at a height higher than the overflow inlet 1361 is discharged through the overflow branch pipe 136 to avoid being poured into the energy storage chamber 130. The liquid fire extinguishing agent in the tank overflows from the opening edge of the basin-shaped box 131, affecting the battery cluster 21 in the remaining energy storage boxes 13 in the cabin 11, and other supporting components in the cabin 11; and the liquid level in the energy storage chamber 130 is maintained at the height of the overflow inlet 1361, and the basin-shaped box 131 accommodates and carries the liquid fire extinguishing agent, and the battery cluster 21 is immersed in the continuously flowing liquid fire extinguishing agent, and the entire battery cluster 21 is continuously cooled and extinguished. The setting height of the overflow inlet 1361 is close to the upper end surface of the basin-shaped box 131, preferably higher than the height of the battery cluster 21.

[0061] The overflow branch pipe 136 is provided with an overflow outlet 1362, and the overflow outlet 1362 is preferably provided on the front side wall 1311 of the basin-shaped box body 131, or extends forward from the front side wall 1311 of the basin-shaped box body 131 for a distance to facilitate connection. The overflow branch pipe 136 is connected to the overflow main pipe (not shown) provided in the first energy storage compartment 10a through the overflow outlet 1362. For example, the overflow main pipe (not shown) extends in the height direction and is respectively connected to the overflow branch pipes 136 provided corresponding to each layer of the energy storage box 13.

[0062] Since the basin-shaped box body 131 and the cover plate 132 of each energy storage box 13 are made of a concrete composite material of a certain thickness, the fire extinguishing agent supply branch pipe 135 and the overflow branch pipe 136 can be pre-buried in the basin-shaped box body 131, and only the fire extinguishing agent injection end 1352 and the overflow inlet 1361 are exposed to save space in the energy storage chamber 130. In other alternative embodiments, the fire extinguishing agent supply branch pipe 135 can also be arranged through the upper cover 132 to branch the pipeline.

[0063] On the basis of setting a fire extinguishing agent supply branch pipe 135 in the energy storage box 13 to transport liquid fire extinguishing agent for fire extinguishing, a gas fire extinguishing component (as shown in the figure) can also be added to enhance the fire protection level and fire extinguishing control performance of the first energy storage compartment 10a. The gas fire extinguishing component includes a sealed container filled with concentrated fire extinguishing gas or solid fire extinguishing gas, and the sealed container seals its opening through a colloid. When the temperature in the energy storage box 13 exceeds the preset temperature, the colloid on the sealed container melts to open the opening, and the fire extinguishing gas is released from the sealed container and injected into the energy storage cavity to extinguish the fire. When some lithium batteries in the battery cluster 21 catch fire due to thermal runaway, the fire extinguishing method of the fire extinguishing agent supply branch pipe can be set as follows: when the first fire signal is received, the gas fire extinguishing component in the energy storage box 13 that has caught fire automatically extinguishes the energy storage box 13; when the second fire signal is received, the liquid fire extinguishing system is started to extinguish the energy storage box 13 that has caught fire through the liquid fire extinguishing agent branch pipe. The liquid fire extinguishing agent delivered by the fire extinguishing agent liquid supply branch pipe 135 includes a water-based fire extinguishing agent mixed with water and other chemical components, and the concentrated fire extinguishing gas or solid fire extinguishing gas contained in the gas fire extinguishing assembly includes at least one of an aerosol fire extinguishing agent, an inert gas fire extinguishing agent or a dry powder fire extinguishing agent. The fire extinguishing gas is injected into the energy storage chamber 130 to extinguish the fire, and the fire area can be directly extinguished, which is helpful to effectively extinguish the fire or control the fire in the early stage of the battery fire.

[0064] The basin-shaped box 131 is also provided with a pressure relief valve 137, which is used to connect the energy storage chamber 130 with the outside when the pressure in the energy storage chamber 130 exceeds a threshold. For example, when a fire is extinguished by a gas fire extinguishing assembly, the pressure in the energy storage chamber 130 exceeds a threshold, and the pressure relief valve 137 automatically opens to release the pressure.

[0065] In the fire protection system of the first energy storage compartment 10a, fire can be extinguished only by liquid fire extinguishing agents, such as fire water. Since water has a good cooling effect, it can quickly reduce the temperature of the burning material, thereby suppressing the spread of the fire. When water contains electrolytes, it has a certain conductivity. If the lithium battery is still connected to the power supply when the fire occurs or there are live devices around it, using water to extinguish the fire may cause the risk of electric shock or short circuit explosion. Before using fire water to extinguish the fire, first ensure that the power supply of the lithium battery in the energy storage box 13 has been completely cut off and there are no live devices around. You can use continuous and sufficient water to extinguish the fire to ensure that the battery temperature is completely reduced and heat dissipation is blocked.

[0066] In the fire protection system of the first energy storage compartment 10a, a combination of gas fire extinguishing and liquid fire extinguishing can also be used to extinguish fires, so as to give full play to their respective advantages. Specifically, aerosol fire extinguishing agents can quickly cover the fire source, isolate oxygen, and reduce the temperature at the early stage of a fire; while liquid fire extinguishing is mainly used to reduce the temperature and prevent the fire from spreading and reigniting. After the aerosol fire extinguishing agent extinguishes the open flame, the sprinkler head of the liquid fire extinguishing agent branch pipe is activated, and water or other fire extinguishing liquids are used to cool the energy storage box 13 and the internal battery cluster 21 to prevent the lithium battery from reigniting or thermal runaway due to high temperature.

[0067] For the thermal management of the battery system, two methods can be used: liquid cooling plate cooling and immersion cooling. For example, the first energy storage compartment 10a is provided with a liquid cooling system for battery thermal management, which is used for heat dissipation of the battery cluster 21. Specifically, a liquid cooling plate (not shown) is provided at the bottom of each energy storage cavity 130, and a liquid cooling water inlet branch pipe and a liquid cooling water return branch pipe connected to the liquid cooling plate are provided in the energy storage box 130 to form a liquid cooling circuit. The liquid inlet connection end 1381 of the liquid cooling water inlet branch pipe and the liquid return connection end 1382 of the liquid cooling water return branch pipe are preferably respectively provided on the front side wall 1311 of the basin-shaped box body 131, or extended forward from the front side wall 1311 of the basin-shaped box body 131 for a distance to facilitate connection.

[0068] Ginseng Figure 7 As shown, when in use, a battery cluster 21 composed of a plurality of battery modules 211 is placed in the energy storage cavity 130. The battery cluster 21 and the required accommodation space size are configured according to the energy storage capacity set for each energy storage box 13, thereby determining the size of the energy storage box 13.

[0069] Ginseng Figure 8 and Fig. 9 As shown, in another embodiment, a partition plate 134 is provided in the basin-shaped box body 131, and the partition plate 134 is configured to separate the energy storage chamber 130 into at least two sub-energy storage chambers 1301, so as to further reduce the fire protection grid of the energy storage box 13, reduce the fire protection cost and reduce the loss.

[0070] For example, the smallest fire protection grid is reduced to 1 / N of the receiving cavity 130 corresponding to an energy storage box 13, where N is an integer greater than 1. Specifically, N-1 partition plates 134 are added to the basin-shaped box 131 to make it into N sub-energy storage cavities 1301, and preferably the energy storage cavity 130 is evenly divided to form N sub-energy storage cavities 1301. For example, the partition plate 134 is formed by the bottom surface of the basin-shaped box 131 protruding upward, and extends horizontally to the two opposite side plates of the basin-shaped box 131. The partition plate 134 can be integrally formed with the main body of the basin-shaped box 131, and can also be connected to the main body of the basin-shaped box 131 by splicing. For example, the partition plate 134 is spliced ​​to the main body of the basin-shaped box 131 in the form of plug-in, so that the spatial size of the sub-energy storage cavity 1301 can be flexibly adjusted.

[0071] The cover plate 132 can be an integrated cast structure covering the opening of the entire basin-shaped box body 131, or it can be composed of multiple sub-cover plates 1320, wherein each sub-cover plate 1320 is a plate-like structure integrally cast from a concrete composite material, and the size of the sub-cover plate 1320 is adapted to the length and width of the sub-energy storage cavity 1301.

[0072] As an implementation mode, the battery modules 211 are evenly distributed in N sub-energy storage chambers 1301, that is, a plurality of battery modules 211 form a battery module unit 210 in each sub-energy storage chamber 1301, and N battery module units 210 form a battery cluster 21, thereby reducing the number of battery modules 211 installed in each independent chamber, thereby reducing the impact surface caused by thermal runaway combustion of batteries in a single battery module 211. The partition plate 134 is provided with a wiring groove 1341 connecting adjacent sub-energy storage chambers 1301, for routing the connection wires between adjacent battery module units 210, for example, the wiring groove 1341 is recessed downward from the top surface of the partition plate 134. A battery module unit 210 is loaded into each sub-energy storage cavity 1301, and the battery module units 210 in adjacent sub-energy storage cavities 1301 are connected in series via connecting wires (not shown) passing through the wiring grooves 1341, and the gaps in the wiring grooves 1341 are sealed, so that the sub-energy storage cavities 1301 have independent closed areas.

[0073] A fire extinguishing agent supply branch pipe 135 is provided in each sub-energy storage chamber 1301, and a fire sprinkler head (not shown) is configured at the fire extinguishing agent injection end 1352 of the fire extinguishing agent supply branch pipe 135. When a battery in a single sub-energy storage chamber 1301 catches fire and reaches the triggering condition of the fire sprinkler head, the fire sprinkler head in the sub-energy storage chamber 1301 is automatically activated to extinguish the flame in the sub-energy storage chamber 1301 in time to prevent the fire from spreading and affecting other sub-energy storage chambers 1301, thereby maximizing fire prevention and control and reducing losses. At the same time, an overflow inlet 1361 of an overflow branch pipe 136 is provided in each sub-energy storage chamber 1301. When extinguishing a fire, the liquid fire extinguishing agent in the sub-energy storage chamber 1301 that has caught fire can be directly discharged to prevent the liquid fire extinguishing agent from overflowing and affecting the battery module units 210 in other sub-energy storage chambers 1301.

[0074] For example, Figure 8 and Fig. 9 As shown, in one embodiment, the energy storage chamber 130 is divided into four sub-energy storage chambers 1301, so that 1 / 4 of the space size of the energy storage box 13 is used as the smallest fire protection grid.

[0075] A liquid cooling plate (not shown) is provided at the bottom of each sub-energy storage cavity 1301 for heat dissipation of the battery module unit 210 in each sub-energy storage cavity 1301. An output end of a liquid-cooled water inlet branch pipe (not shown) and an input end of a liquid-cooled water return branch pipe (not shown) are provided in each sub-energy storage cavity 1301. The output end of a liquid-cooled water inlet branch pipe provided in each sub-energy storage cavity 1301 is connected to a liquid inlet connection end 1381 of the liquid-cooled water inlet branch pipe, and the input end of a liquid-cooled water return branch pipe provided in each sub-energy storage cavity 1301 is connected to a liquid return connection end 1382 of the liquid-cooled water return branch pipe, so as to form a liquid cooling circuit.

[0076] The front side wall 1311 of the basin-shaped box 131 is externally mounted with a high-voltage box 22 containing a battery master control module, which is used to control and protect the battery cluster 21 in the energy storage box 13. The front side wall 1311 of the basin-shaped box 131 is provided with wiring holes for electrically connecting the inside of the energy storage box 13 with the outside.

[0077] In some embodiments, the energy storage box 13 is set to have a length of 2.5m-5m, a width of 2m-4m, a height of 0.25-0.5m, and a thickness of 3-5cm. Figure 6, the length of the energy storage box 13 corresponds to the y direction, the width of the energy storage box 13 corresponds to the x direction, and the height of the energy storage box 13 corresponds to the z direction. Based on the size range of the energy storage box 13, for example, each energy storage box 13 can accommodate a battery cluster 21 with an energy storage capacity of several hundred kilowatt-hours. Since the volume of the energy storage box 13 is large and the concrete composite material has a large density, the energy storage box 13 after the battery cluster 21 is placed is relatively heavy, generally several tons. Since it is impossible to push it by a single person, an auxiliary retracting device can be used to install or disassemble and overhaul the energy storage box 13. For example, a threaded connection hole 1333 is provided on the front side wall of the basin-shaped box body 131, and an electric drive device is connected to the threaded connection hole 1333 to electrically retract and release the energy storage box 13.

[0078] For example, six energy storage boxes 13 are stacked in the accommodation space 110, and the total energy storage capacity of the first energy storage compartment 10a is set to 1.5MWh or 2.5MWh. The length of the first energy storage compartment 10a is about 2.7m, the width is about 5.6m, the height is about 3.8m, and the area is about 16m 3 , where the length corresponds to the horizontal transverse direction, i.e. the x-direction; and the width corresponds to the horizontal longitudinal direction, i.e. the y-direction.

[0079] The compressive strength of ordinary concrete is generally between 20 and 60 MPa, and the compressive strength of ultra-high performance concrete is generally above 150 MPa, and some can reach above 200 MPa. At present, the ultimate compressive strength of concrete can reach 600 MPa. In some embodiments, the cabin 11, the hatch 12 and the energy storage box 13 can be formed by ordinary concrete or ultra-high performance concrete, and a steel structure or synthetic fiber can be set inside the concrete to enhance the comprehensive performance of the concrete composite material.

[0080] Ginseng Fig.10 As shown, as another embodiment, a liquid storage tank 1105 is also provided on the top of the first energy storage cabin 10a. For example, if the liquid cooling system and the liquid fire extinguishing system both use water as a matrix, the liquid storage tank 1105 can be used as a liquid storage device shared by the liquid cooling system and the fire fighting system. The liquid storage tank 1105 is formed by a wall made of concrete composite material. For example, a part of the area of ​​the top fireproof partition area 1104 is separated as the liquid storage tank 1105, and an upper cover 117 is provided above the liquid storage tank 1105. The area on the top of the first energy storage cabin 10a except the liquid storage tank 1105 (including the area above the first explosion relief port 1131 and the area above the upper cover 117) can be used to install equipment, such as energy storage converters (PCS), refrigeration units and other equipment. A ladder (not shown) can be provided on the outer wall of the cabin 11 to facilitate construction personnel to climb to the top of the cabin 11 to maintain or repair the equipment.

[0081] When the first energy storage cabin 10a is applied to the energy storage power station, multiple first energy storage cabins 10a can be arranged horizontally without spacing, or can be arranged back to back without spacing. No fire protection distance is required between adjacent first energy storage cabins 10a, thereby greatly reducing the footprint of the energy storage power station.

[0082] Example 2

[0083] Combination Figures 11 to 13 As shown, the present invention provides a prefabricated concrete energy storage cabin 10b (hereinafter referred to as the second energy storage cabin 10b). Based on the technical solution of the first energy storage cabin 10a disclosed in Example 1, two or more accommodating spaces 110 are stacked along the height direction to increase the energy storage capacity of the energy storage cabin without increasing the floor area.

[0084] Ginseng Fig.11 In the schematic diagram shown, the second energy storage compartment 10b is provided with two accommodating spaces 110 stacked in the height direction as an example. Other structures are the same or similar to the technical solution of the first energy storage compartment 10a disclosed in Example 1, and will not be described in detail here.

[0085] For example, multiple energy storage boxes 13 are arranged in each accommodation space 110. For example, six energy storage boxes 13 are stacked in each accommodation space 110, and an energy storage unit with an energy storage capacity of 418 kWh is placed in each energy storage box 13. Then, the total energy storage capacity of the second energy storage compartment 10b is 5 MWh. The second energy storage compartment 10b is about 2.7 m long, 5.6 m wide, 6.5 m high, and occupies about 16 m 3 , wherein the length corresponds to the horizontal transverse direction, i.e., the x direction, and the width corresponds to the horizontal longitudinal direction, i.e., the y direction. That is, when the length and width of the accommodating space 110 are the same, the second energy storage compartment 10b is the same as the first energy storage compartment 10a, and the energy storage capacity of the second energy storage compartment 10b is expanded along the height direction relative to the first energy storage compartment 10a.

[0086] The cabin 11 can be integrally cast on site using a concrete composite material or prefabricated in a factory. A reinforcement plate or a reinforcement beam made of a concrete composite material can be arranged between adjacent accommodating spaces 110 inside the cabin 11 to improve the load-bearing performance of the cabin 11.

[0087] Ginseng Fig.13As shown, the cabin 11 is formed by splicing the first cabin unit 11a and the second cabin unit 11b in the horizontal and longitudinal direction, and the splicing method can be welding and concrete pouring. The first cabin unit 11a and the second cabin unit 11b are both prefabricated in the factory using concrete composite materials, and the weight of the first cabin unit 11a and the second cabin unit 11b does not exceed the maximum weight limit specified by the total mass of the highway freight vehicle. In other alternative embodiments, the cabin 11 can also be spliced ​​in the height direction by prefabricated concrete cabin units.

[0088] Ginseng Fig.13 As shown, the liquid reservoir 1105 can be disposed on the top of the second cabin unit 11b, and the area on the top of the first cabin unit 11a and the area above the cover 117 can be used to install equipment. In other alternative embodiments, the liquid reservoir can also be disposed below the cabin 11, and the top of the cabin 11 is only used to install electrical equipment.

[0089] Ginseng Fig.14 As shown, when the second energy storage cabin 10b is applied to the energy storage power station, multiple second energy storage cabins 10b can be arranged horizontally without spacing to form a second energy storage cabin combination 100b, and there is no need to leave a fire separation distance between adjacent second energy storage cabins 10b, so that the floor space of the energy storage power station can be greatly reduced. Furthermore, the second energy storage cabin combination 100b can be arranged face to face or back to back without spacing to form a matrix arrangement. Compared with the matrix arrangement of energy storage containers, since sufficient fire separation distances must be left between adjacent energy storage containers, the floor space of the energy storage power station can be greatly reduced.

[0090] The series of detailed descriptions listed above are only specific descriptions of feasible implementation methods of the present invention. They are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any equivalent implementation methods or changes that do not deviate from the technical spirit of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0091] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the invention. Any reference numeral in a claim should not be considered as limiting the claim to which it relates.

[0092] In addition, it should be understood that although the present specification is described according to implementation modes, not every implementation mode contains only one independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A prefabricated concrete energy storage cabin, characterized in that: include: A cabin body, comprising a wall made of a concrete composite material and forming a receiving space with an opening, wherein the receiving space is configured to have a plurality of receiving cavities arranged along a height direction; a hatch made of a concrete composite material and pivotally connected to a side edge of the opening; The energy storage box is suitable for being inserted into the accommodating cavity. The energy storage box is configured with a basin-shaped box body and a cover plate. The cover plate is covered on the basin-shaped box body to construct a closed energy storage cavity. The basin-shaped box body and the cover plate are both made of concrete composite materials.

2. The prefabricated concrete energy storage cabin according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fire extinguishing agent liquid supply branch pipe is arranged in the energy storage box, and the fire extinguishing agent liquid supply branch pipe is equipped with a fire extinguishing agent injection end exposed to the energy storage cavity. An overflow branch pipe cooperating with the fire extinguishing agent liquid supply branch pipe is also arranged in the energy storage box, and the overflow branch pipe is equipped with an overflow inlet exposed to the energy storage cavity, so as to pour liquid fire extinguishing agent into at least one of the energy storage cavities and maintain the liquid level at the overflow inlet.

3. The prefabricated concrete energy storage cabin according to claim 1, characterized in that: A gas fire extinguishing assembly is also provided in the energy storage box, and the gas fire extinguishing assembly includes a sealed container filled with concentrated fire extinguishing gas or solid fire extinguishing gas. The sealed container seals its opening through a colloid. When the temperature in the energy storage cavity exceeds a preset temperature, the colloid on the sealed container melts to open the opening.

4. The prefabricated concrete energy storage cabin according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least one partition plate is disposed in the energy storage cavity, and the partition plate is configured to separate the energy storage cavity into at least two sub-energy storage cavities. A wiring area for connecting adjacent sub-energy storage cavities is disposed on the partition plate.

5. The prefabricated concrete energy storage cabin according to claim 4, characterized in that: A fire extinguishing agent liquid supply branch pipe and an overflow branch pipe are arranged in the energy storage box. The fire extinguishing agent liquid supply branch pipe is provided with a fire extinguishing agent injection end in each of the sub-energy storage chambers, and the overflow branch pipe is provided with an overflow inlet in each of the sub-energy storage chambers.

6. The prefabricated concrete energy storage cabin according to claim 4, characterized in that: The energy storage box is also provided with a liquid cooling water inlet branch pipe and a liquid cooling water return branch pipe. The liquid cooling water inlet branch pipe is configured with a liquid cooling output connection end exposed to each of the sub-energy storage cavities, and the liquid cooling water return branch pipe is configured with a liquid cooling water return connection end exposed to each of the sub-energy storage cavities.

7. The prefabricated concrete energy storage cabin according to claim 1, characterized in that: A track beam is arranged in the cabin, and a plurality of the track beams are arranged in two opposite rows on opposite side walls inside the cabin along the height direction. The accommodating space is divided into a plurality of accommodating cavities by the track beams. Angle joint plates are embedded in the corners of the track beam support surfaces, and the energy storage box is slidably connected to the angle joint plates.

8. The prefabricated concrete energy storage cabin according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy storage box is also configured with a moving part connected to the basin-shaped box body, a supporting member is embedded inside the basin-shaped box body, the moving part includes a pulley, a pulley shaft for supporting and transmitting the pulley, and a bearing sleeved on the pulley shaft, and the bearing is welded and fixed to the supporting member.

9. The prefabricated concrete energy storage cabin according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cabin body is integrally cast, or the cabin body is formed by at least two cabin body units spliced ​​together in a horizontal and longitudinal direction, or the cabin body is formed by at least two cabin body units spliced ​​together in a height direction.

10. The prefabricated concrete energy storage cabin according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hatch includes a top wall and side walls, and the hatch is arranged on one side of the horizontal longitudinal direction of the cabin body. The side walls on both sides of the horizontal transverse direction of the cabin body extend outward for a distance along the horizontal longitudinal direction from the position of the hatch to form a first fire partition area, and the circumferential surface of the top wall is convexly arranged upward to form a second fire partition area.

11. The prefabricated concrete energy storage cabin according to claim 10, characterized in that: A partition wall protrudes upward from the middle of the top wall of the cabin body, and the partition wall is configured to separate the second fireproof partition area into at least two relatively independent functional areas, one of which is configured as a liquid storage tank.

12. The prefabricated concrete energy storage cabin according to claim 1, characterized in that: A pressure relief valve is arranged on the energy storage box, a first explosion relief port is arranged on the cabin body, a second explosion relief port is arranged on the cabin door, and the first explosion relief port is communicated with the second explosion relief port through the accommodating space.

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